Photosynthesis and

Cellular Respiration

Photosynthesis
Photo means light, synthesis means process of
creating.
Energy from the sun taken in and stored in
glucose (sugar).
Chloroplast: plant cell organelle that contains
chlorophyll, the site of photosynthesis.
Chlorophyll: light absorbing pigments that trap
light energy.

Photosynthesis

Cellular Respiration
Uses the energy in glucose to make ATP, which
is the energy currency of the cell
Producers make their own glucose; consumers
get their glucose from food
Occurs in all living cells
Takes place in the mitochondria

Cellular Respiration

ATP

ATP
Adenosine triphosphate (3 phosphates)
Energy currency of the cell
Broken down into ADP (adenosine
diphosphate, 2 phosphates) to release energy
Phosphate is added back on to make ATP
again before it can be used again

ATP

Respiration
Lungs absorb oxygen (O2) and gives off carbon
dioxide (CO2)
Cellular respiration needs the oxygen
absorbed by lungs to create energy
Cellular respiration creates carbon dioxide as
waste that is released by lungs

Health and Nutrition

Balanced diet and regular exercise are
essential to overall health
Total energy used equals type and intensity of
activity and the energy needed for basic life
processes
Basal metabolic rate (BMR): energy needed for
minimum life function
Calories: measurement of food consumed
Calories needed depends on body weight, age, gender,
activity level, and metabolism

Digestion
Food provides proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates
Proteins: amino acids for growth and repair
Lipids: fats and oils
Carbs: sugars for energy

Food is broken down through digestion and then

materials are absorbed and transported to cells by
circulatory system
Metabolism: chemical reactions involved in storing food
molecules and converting them into energy
Cellular respiration is a part of this
Needs oxygen

Weight
Weight gained when more calories are consumed
than used. Excess calories are stored as fat.
Weight lost when less calories are consumed
than needed
Regular Exercise
Maintains healthy heart/lungs, muscle tone, and
bone strength
Increases heart rate provided more oxygen for
cellular respiration

Nutrition
Carbohydrates: Stored glucose for later as
sugars, starches, and cellulose. Major energy
source.
Simple vs. Complex Carbohydrates: Depends
on chemical structure & how quickly the sugar
is digested & absorbed
Simple Carbs: Have 1 or 2 sugars. Ex: Fruits,
vegetables, & dairy products
Complex Carbs: Have 3 or more sugars. Ex: Starchy
vegetables, beans, grains...

Nutrition
Fiber: Coarse, non-digestible plant matter
Soluble Fiber: Attracts water, slows digestion, is
found in oats, nuts, seeds, beans, peas
Insoluble Fiber: Aids digestion and is found in
wheat, vegetables, whole grains.

Protein: Composed of amino acids, needed for

the growth & repair of tissue and is obtained
from meat, fish, eggs, milk & legumes
(pea/bean family).

Photosynthesis vs. Respiration

Sketch the picture
and fill in the blanks
with the reactants
and products of
each reaction.
There should be
two in each.