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Upper-Intermediate
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Introduo
Voc est comeando um mdulo do Curso de Ingls do Portal Educao.
Para ns uma satisfao poder contribuir com o seu aprendizado e proporcionar-lhe as ferramentas necessrias
para que voc aprenda esse maravilhoso idioma.
Esta apostila ir auxiliar voc a navegar pelo curso, oferecendo explicaes e exerccios adicionais, alm de dicas
que sero muito teis durante seus estudos. Procure utiliza-la para estudar, tanto quando no estiver conectado
internet (em casa, no nibus, no trabalho, no metr, etc), quanto quando estiver online, acessando o curso, pois seu
contedo se relaciona com o material disponvel no Ambiente Virtual de Aprendizagem.
Saber Ingls
Prepare-se para a abertura de um novo mundo. Saber Ingls no s um diferencial para seu currculo, ou um prrequisito para aquela vaga de emprego que voc tanto quer. Saber ler, compreender e falar esse fabuloso idioma ir
abrir muitas portas para voc, ao permitir aprender sobre diversos temas e interagir com pessoas de todo o mundo.
Seja ao fazer uma busca na internet, ler um livro, assistir um filme ou conhecer pessoas de outros pases, saber
ingls ajudar voc a conhecer um novo planeta de oportunidades, curiosidades e informaes.
Com certeza voc j se acostumou a buscar informaes na Internet. Se voc s faz essa busca em Portugus,
imagine o quanto poder aprimorar suas pesquisas quando souber ler e compreender textos em Ingls. nesse
idioma que est a maioria das informaes disponveis online, dos sites comerciais aos blogs. Tambm em Ingls
que so divulgadas em primeira mo as principais notcias do mundo inteiro, pesquisas cientficas e lanamentos
tecnolgicos.
A experincia de ler um romance em seu idioma original singular. Parece que voc est dentro da histria e a
trama fica muito mais verdadeira. O mesmo vale para assistir filmes sem precisar ler as legendas. Nesse caso, em
especial, voc ficar livre para se ater a detalhes dos personagens e da fotografia.
Fazer amigos em outros pases mais uma vantagem trazida pelo conhecimento do Ingls. Seja pela internet, ou
pessoalmente, falar com essas pessoas e entender totalmente o dilogo poder te abrir portas em todo o planeta.
impossvel transmitir em um breve texto o quo ser valioso saber Ingls, para o seu crescimento profissional e
pessoal. O mais importante que voc ir perceber isso aos poucos e, conforme for avanando em seus estudos, ir
compreender que o Ingls far muito por voc.
Aulas online
Dependendo do curso em que est matriculado, voc pode agendar e participar de aulas online, que ocorrem em
tempo real, via plataforma de audioconferncia. Existem dois tipos de aulas online:
Conversation: Aula de conversao livre sobre um tema previamente definido, na qual os alunos so
chamados a interagirem entre si em Ingls, a fim de praticar a oralidade no idioma.
Review: Aula de reviso sobre determinada Unidade do curso, na qual o professor revisa contedos
daquela Unidade, tira dvidas dos alunos e d dicas gramaticais para uma melhor compreenso daquele
contedo.
O calendrio de aulas online est disponvel dentro do ambiente do curso. Para visualiz-lo, basta clicar em Ver
Horrios, tanto das Conversation quanto das Review.
Alguns cursos permitem que voc adquira novos pacotes de aulas online, que esto disponveis para compra em
Minha Conta. Caso no consiga localizar esta informao, entre em contato com a equipe de suporte ou com o
administrador do seu curso.
Agenda de Estudos
Construa neste espao a sua agenda de estudos, marcando os dias da semana e os horrios que voc pretende
reservar para estudar Ingls. Nossa recomendao que voc estude pelo menos 3 vezes por semana, por no
mximo 2 horas em seqncia.
Anote os horrios que pretende estudar tambm na sua agenda (seja eletrnica ou no papel), como um
compromisso. Respeite essa agenda como se voc estivesse indo escola. Assim ser mais fcil manter a disciplina
para continuar estudando e aprendendo durante o curso.
Introduo ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 3
Agenda de Estudos _____________________________________________________________________________________ 6
Unit Eighteen __________________________________________________________________________________________ 8
Unit Eighteen
Lesson One
This lesson teaches you how to make questions about the duration of an action.
HOW LONG is used when asking about the
duration of an activity and it can be used with the
Present Perfect or Present Perfect Continuous
tenses to indicate something that happened or
something that happened and is still happening at
present. Check the structures in the box.
Example:
A: How long have you been in France?
B: I have been in France for two months.
Extra Exercises:
1) Write questions with HOW LONG and the correct present perfect form.
a. How long / Ben / suffer from asthma
________________________________________________________________?
b. How long / Vicky / be a flight attendant
________________________________________________________________?
Example: Sally's a nursing student. She got into college 3 years ago.
How long has Sally been a nursing student?
Lesson Two
This lesson presents the Present Perfect Continuous tense and compared to the Present Perfect tense.
Look at the examples:
I have been doing yoga for a year. (I started a year I have been cleaning the house for 2 hours. (I
ago and still do it.)
started the cleaning 2 hours ago and now I am still
cleaning it or have just stopped.)
10
Examples:
We have (we've) been dancing for two hours.
She has (she's) been studying math for three
days.
Lets remember!
11
12
How long have they studied at Fairmont High How long have they gone to Triton University?
School?
We use the Present Perfect Continuous for
actions that began in the past and are still going on.
Example:
I have been coaching for about two years.
We have been working for 10 hours.
The Present Perfect Continuous form is:
subject + HAVE/HAS + BEEN + verb + ING
Example:
We have been flying for 3 hours.
13
Example:
I have known her for two years. CORRECT
I have been knowing her for two years
INCORRECT
More examples:
I have had this scooter for 2 months now.
CORRECT
I have been having this scooter for 2 months now.
INCORRECT
14
Examples:
Examples:
15
Example:
I have been having this computer for 2 years. INCORRECT
I have had this computer for 2 years. - CORRECT
Extra Exercises:
1) Some people have answered an Internet quiz. Mark T (true) or (F) false.
Gloria
Jessica
Arthur
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
16
g.
h.
i.
( ) Arthur is the only one who's been doing some exercising regularly.
2) Some people have been doing some sports. What sports have they been doing?
a)
Ben = ______________________________________________.
b)
Greg = ______________________________________________.
c)
Victoria = ______________________________________________.
d)
Nancy = ______________________________________________.
e)
Zack = ______________________________________________.
f)
Janet = ______________________________________________.
g)
Frank = ______________________________________________.
h)
Dennis = ______________________________________________.
3) Underline the best option. If the two of them are right, choose both.
a. So, have you bought / been buying / both the shirt you wanted?
b. Have you heard / been hearing / both of Pat? Can you believe she's in Sweden?
c. Get out of the shower, Ben. You have taken / been taking / both a shower for hours!
d. Dinner is ready! Mom has cooked / been cooking / both pasta tonight.
e. Jessica has graduated / been graduating / both in law. She's now a prosecutor.
17
Lesson Three
This lesson teaches us how to make sentences using conditionals.
First Conditional
We use the first conditional for situations that we
think are possible in the future.
The sentence structure is the following:
If + Simple Present + WILL
NOTE: As we are talking about a condition, we
have if in the sentence. All conditionals take if.
Examples:
18
Second Conditional
N Note:
If I were you, I would study English. (formal)
Compare:
19
Zero Conditional
The zero conditional is used for talking about
situations that are real and possible, sometimes
related to general truths, such as scientific facts.
Examples:
If you heat water to 100 degrees, it boils.
Or
Water boils if you heat it to 100 degrees.
NOTE: Both in the conditional and in the result
clauses we use the Present Simple. The
conditional clause is the one introduced by IF, and
the result clause is the one that shows the possible
result.
Extra Exercises:
1) Match the sentences to find the right complement.
1) Match the sentences to find the right complement.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
If we wait more,
h.
i.
1.
20
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
21
3) Make sentences with the zero conditional from the cues below.
a. ice / float / you / drop / it / in water
22
23
Unit Nineteen
Lesson One
This lesson shows the Present Perfect tense and some expressions used with it.
Past Perfect tense
The Past Perfect Simple is used to make
statements or ask questions about things that
happened in the past, and explain that one thing
took place before a definite time in the past.
Example:
Until getting home, John didnt realize (simple past)
that he had lost (past perfect) his keys.
24
The following time expressions are commonly used with the Past Perfect Tense: until, as soon as, when,
by the time and once.
As soon as I had heard the news, I called Mary.
By the time Daniel got home, the film had ended.
Once the sun had gone up, the air turned warm.
The Past Perfect is formed by:
The auxiliary verb had +
The main verb in the past participle
Important!
The past perfect tense is also used when we are
reporting what someone asked or said. This is
called reported speech.
Look at the examples:
Sam: I saw Carmen downtown.
She said she had seen Carmen downtown.
Sam I asked her mom about the party.
She told me she had asked her mom about the
party.
25
Extra Exercises:
1) In the story below put the verbs in the sentences into the correct tenses Simple Past or Past
Perfect.
a. When Steve _____________ (arrive) home, a man _______ just_______ (rob) the local library.
b. The train__________ (go), so Steve ________ (have) to walk back home.
c. A police officer ___________ (notice) Steve ____________ (carry) some books.
d. Steve ____________ (walk) past the library before he _______ (get) home.
e. The police officer _________ (think) that Steve ___________ (rob) the library.
f. Steve ________ (tell) the police officer he _____ just ______ (come) home from the bookstore.
g. The officer ________ (feel) embarrassed because he __________ (make) a mistake.
h. The police officer __________ (be) disappointed he ____________(not catch) the burglar.
2) Unscramble the sentences to make past perfect sentences in the story below.
a. when / the seat belt / took off / had / fastened / I / already / the plane
________________________________________________________________
b. it / the / took off / had / given / all the instructions / already / the fight attendant / when
__________________________________________________________________
c. the upright position / our seats / us / she / had asked / in / to put
__________________________________________________________________
d. said / that / she / had to / the mobile phones / be turned off / had / also
__________________________________________________________________
e. the weather conditions / we had taken off / the captain / about / after / told us
__________________________________________________________________
f. informed / the trip / would take / had / already / how long / he
__________________________________________________________________
g. started / departed / the flight attendants / we / had / once / the service
__________________________________________________________________
26
Lesson Two
This lesson shows how to use the expression I wish I ... + Simple Past.
We use wish + Simple Past when we want to
change a present or future situation:
Examples:
I wish I had enough money to travel this summer.
(But I don't.)
I wish I were rich to travel a lot. (But I'm not.)
Extra Exercises:
1) Complete each of the following sentences with the Past Simple of the verb shown in brackets.
Example:
27
2) Look at the chart and write sentences with WISH + past simple.
1.Bessie
2.Gina
Be practical
Go to university
3. Peter
Travel abroad
7. Rose
Find a job
4. Sonia
8. Cleo
Live alone
1. Bessie_____________________________________
2. Gina ____________________________________
3. Peter ____________________________________
4. Sonia ____________________________________
5. Mr. and Mrs. Smith ____________________________________
6. Jane and Mary ____________________________________
7. Rose ____________________________________
8. Cleo ____________________________________
)
)
28
Lesson Three
This lesson shows how to use wish with the Past Perfect tense.
Example:
I wish she hadn't gotten so disappointed. (But
she did.)
I wish I had told her the truth. (But I didnt.)
Extra Exercises:
1) Complete with the appropriate form of the verb in the past perfect.
a. I wish you ____________ (not/tell) lies about me yesterday.
b. How much I wish the Brazilian team ____________ (win) the match last Sunday.
c. I wish you ____________ (not/shout) in my classes last week.
d. I wish I ___________ (be) richer, so I would have bought a big and comfortable house.
e. If only we _____________ (not/have) the drought last year, the crops would have been good.
f. We all wish you _________(join) us last Saturday at our housewarming party.
29
2) It is Monday and Dan is complaining about his weekend. Read and choose the right answer.
It was raining last week and I couldnt go to the park. I usually play tennis on weekends, but I wasnt able
to. I was very upset because I didnt have anything to do and I didnt see anyone. I stayed at home just
watching TV and reading. I love reading, but I wanted to be with my friends. I called a few friends but they
had already made plans. On Monday I was back to work and I was very disappointed since I hadnt
enjoyed my weekend.
Dan wishes:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
30
3) Do the following wish clauses express a present situation (PS) or a regret (R)?
a. I wish I were taller. (
)
)
)
)
)
)
o. Mom wishes she had had more time with the kids. (
p. Dan wishes he had studied Physics at university. (
)
)
Lesson Four
This lesson teaches us how to use the Third Conditional.
The third conditional is used to describe unreal
situations in the past.
Examples:
If someone had asked me out yesterday, I would
have accepted it.
If I had stayed at home, I wouldnt have missed
her call.
If I had studied more, I would have passed.
If I hadnt driven so fast, I wouldnt have crashed
my car.
31
Extra Exercises:
1) For each situation given below, make a complete statement expressing a past unreal situation.
Follow the example.
a. I didn't stop for gas and ran out of it.
If I had stopped for gas, I wouldn't have run out of it.
b. I stopped doing exercises and got fat.
_____________________________________________________________.
c. I moved to a small town and I wasn't happy.
_____________________________________________________________.
d. He broke up with his girlfriend and got depressed.
_____________________________________________________________.
e. My parents invited me to travel with them, but I didnt go and was upset.
_____________________________________________________________.
f. We lost the game. We were out of the championship.
_____________________________________________________________.
g. You didnt tell me you would arrive today so I didnt pick you up.
_____________________________________________________________.
h. I didnt wait longer to see my favorite actress at the airport, so I left without seeing her.
_____________________________________________________________.
32
3) The sentences below should have been written in the third conditional. But there is a mistake in
each of them. Find the mistake and correct them.
33
Unit Twenty
Lesson One
This lesson introduces the use of Reported Speech, also called Indirect Speech.
When we want to report (give information about)
something that someone else has said, we use
Reported Speech. To form Reported Speech
sentences, we usually have to change the verb
tense.
simple past
34
More examples:
Reported Speech: Jane (or She) said (that) she was Reported Speech: Burt (or He) said (that) he was
getting married on April 17th.
talking on the phone.
Examples 2 and 3: Present continuous
Past continuous
Notes:
Look at the charts above: they show the necessary In reported speech, now is replaced by then.
changes in verb tenses when using Reported
Example: Jenny said: It's 10 pm now.
Speech. Remember: that is optional in Reported
Jenny said it was 10 pm then.
Speech sentences.
35
Examples:
Guy: I can swim fast.
REPORTED SPEECH: Guy said he could swim
fast.
36
Extra Exercises:
1) Put the following text into reported speech with the verbs in the past tense.
Hi. My name is Dennis Brown and I'm from Glasgow, Scotland. I study computer science at the University
of Toronto and I really enjoy it. It is a great experience to study in a foreign country. I speak English, but
Canada is very different from my country.
REPORTED SPEECH:
He said his name was Dennis Brown and
37
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
3) Given the indirect/reported sentences below, transform them into direct speech.
Example:
Mary
d. Ben said he needed some help with the annual report.
Ben
38
Lesson Two
Do you remember the difference between SAY and
TELL in reported speech? Look at these examples:
Use of Ask
39
In example 1, ask doesn't need a complement because Frank didn't ask anybody in special. In example 2,
Frank asked Bill the question. Then, a complement is required: Frank asked Bill
The following is a list of substitutions in reported speech.
40
Ask + Whether / If
41
Examples:
1. Bill: Mary, did you pay the telephone?
42
Future (Will)
When will is used in direct speech, it's replaced by
would in reported speech.
Look at the examples:
1. Mark: I will call on you next week.
REPORTED SPEECH: Mark said he would call on
him/her the following week.
2. Sally: Mom will not/won't sell our house.
REPORTED SPEECH: Sally said her mom would
not/wouldn't sell their house.
Extra Exercises:
43
1
7
2
6
3) Jerry told
a. ( ) the game was exciting.
b. ( ) me the game was exciting.
c. (
d. (
4) I asked Sheila
a. (
b. (
c. (
d. (
44
5) I asked her
a. (
b. (
c. (
) if she sure.
d. (
6) Joan asked me
a. (
b. (
c. (
d. (
7) Greg told me
a. (
b. (
c. (
d. (
3) Children are very curious at a certain time of their lives. They want to know about everything.
What's Adam asking his father?
Example:
45
b. (
c. (
d. (
e. (
f. (
) he needed a vacation.
g. (
) she decided to study French too as part of her major. Right now she has finished her TESOL,
(
(
) her parents she knew it was time to move out. They were very understanding and
) I will introduce you to my best friend, Melanie. She used to live in a small
( ) London. Her parents just asked her to be careful. As soon as she got there and got a flat, she got a job
(
(
) town in the north of England. When she turned 18 and finished school, she told
) supported her. She always said she wanted to live in
( ) an English teacher. She had studied German and French for a while but could only speak some
French. So, at University
( ) as a waitress until she was able to apply for London University. She told me she always loved
languages and then decided to become
( ) a teacher training course, and got another job as a part-time teacher in an international school
downtown London. I talk with Melanie over the net every Sunday.
46
Lesson Three
Adjectives ending in -ED and -ING
Example:
Agatha is afraid.
Agatha is scared.
Now look at examples 2 and 3. In examples 2 and 3, Peter and John are having the feeling of being
intrigued and surprised. Here, intrigued and surprised are past
participles used as adjectives.
2. Peter is intrigued.
3. John is surprised.
1. Agatha is scared.
2. Peter is intrigued.
3. John is surprised.
47
Confusing or Confused?
48
49
50
51
52
53
Extra Exercises:
1) Underline the adjective that best describes each situation.
a. Tracy is CONFUSED/CONFUSING. The math equation is very difficult.
b. What a CONFUSED/CONFUSING explanation! Did you get it?
c. The ALARMED/ALARMING firefighters were asking people to leave the building right away.
d. Pete was pretty ALARMED/ALARMING. He thought his car had been stolen.
e. Rita gets very EMBARRASSED/EMBARRASSING if she has to speak to an audience.
f. I hate Mark. Hes always EMBARRASSED/EMBARRASSING making fun of me in front of our friends.
g. Those big bodyguards are really FRIGHTENED/FRIGHTENING.
h. Are you FRIGHTENED/FRIGHTENING when you see horror films?
2) Fill in the blanks by placing the adjectives below into the correct position.
AMAZING
AMAZED
54
INTRIGUED
3) Match the columns to find the best description for the situations.
1. (
) disgusting.
2. (
) exhausting.
3. (
) shocking.
4. (
) surprising.
5. (
) misleading.
6. (
) irritating.
7. (
) terrifying.
8. (
) astonishing.
9. (
) depressing.
55
O Y
N G
N T
O S
O R
O E
G N
N A
W S
O C
D N
N G
D N
G N I
56
Unit Twenty-one
Lesson One
This lesson presents the use of another, other and others. It also teaches how to use the expression
used to.
57
NOTE:
THE OTHER is also used with plural nouns: The
other teachers
The other countries
The other computers
58
59
60
USED TO
NEGATIVE FORM:
Mary didn't use to drive to work.
INTERROGATIVE FORM:
Did Mary use to drive to work?
Did Mary use to take a bus to work?
61
THERE USED TO BE
62
Lets remember!
63
Extra Exercises:
1) Complete the sentences with THE OTHER or ANOTHER.
2) Owen wants to buy a car, so he decides to go over to the dealer's. He's now talking to the
salesperson. Complete the blanks in the dialogue using ANOTHER, (THE) OTHER or (THE)
OTHERS.
Salesman:
Good afternoon. I'm Joe. Welcome to It's not just (a) _______________ car.
How can I help you?
Owen:
Salesman:
Owen:
Salesman:
OK. I'll show you around. Would you like any (c) ______________ sedan in
special?
Owen:
Salesperson: So, here you go. We have only one Honda Civic. (e) _______________ are in
our other branch. And I also have that Lexus over there.
Owen:
Salesman:
(g) _______________ one in the store is black. Is that what you're thinking?
Owen:
Yeah, I think black is nice. This (h) _______________ Lexus Does it have all
the frills?
64
Salesman:
Yes. It's the most complete one. (i) _______________ are automatic only.
Owen:
Salesperson: Sure. Let me get the keys. I'll be with you in a second.
Owen:
All right.
Example:
65
Lesson Two
This lessons teaches us the difference between used to and be used to.
Used to X To be used to
Do you remember used to in Lesson 1? It
describes a past habit, right? But, what about be
used to? Take a look at the following:
1. I used to skydive.
2. I'm used to skydiving.
66
67
68
to be used to +
to be used to + noun.
used to doing.
1. Our little dog became used to living in our
apartment.
2. Our little dog became used to our apartment.
Present
Past
AM / IS / ARE + USED TO +
Examples:
Examples:
69
Future
WILL BE + USED TO +
SOMETHING / VERB (ING)
Examples:
70
GET USED TO
Examples:
71
Lets remember!
72
73
74
Extra Exercises:
1) Choose the correct option.
1. They __________ live on Parsten Avenue.
a. (
) used to
b. (
) am used to
c. (
) is used to
) used to
b. (
) is used to
c. (
) be used to
) used to
b. (
) are used to
c. (
) am used to
75
) used to
b. (
) is used to
c. (
) are used to
) used to
b. (
) to be used to
c. (
) am used
) used to
b. (
) is used to
c. (
) are used to
) didn't use to
b. (
) is not used to
c. (
) not be used to
8. Bill __________ go white water rafting before. He's just started it.
a. (
b. (
) used to
c. (
) is used to
9. This channel __________ play only films. Now even soup operas are on.
a. (
) is used to
b. (
) used to
c. (
) wasn't used to
76
2) Write a complete sentence from the prompts below using be used to in the present.
3) Using used to or be used to, complete the sentences in the present or past, affirmative or
negative, according to the context.
a. I _______________ exercising every day. I was really fit.
b. Jim _______________ go out a lot during his college years. He loved parties.
c. Sally _______________ climbing. She's got a job as an instructor just now.
d. Molly _______________ walking long distances. She always takes a bus or drive.
77
e. Frank and Dave _______________ live together before Dave moved out to work in Boston.
f. I _______________ drinking soda. It's very good, but juice is much healthier.
g. New York _______________ be a much more dangerous place, until an anti-crime plan was
implemented in the city.
h. This team _______________ win any single championship, but now they can't even get a tie.
i. I _______________ swimming. I'm afraid of drowning.
f. Our teacher / get used to / have short hair affirmative / past continuous
78
Lesson Three
Lesson 3 shows the use of several modal expressions.
COULD HAVE
We use could have to express that some situation
possibly happened in the past, like in example 1
below.
79
Remember:
COULD HAVE + verb (past participle form)
80
SHOULD HAVE
Remember:
81
82
Extra Exercises:
1) Did it happen or not? Write number 1 if the situations below describe something that possibly
happened, or number 2 if they describe something that probably didnt happen.
a.
b.
) Denise could have called me. I think this is her new phone.
c.
) Jim might have just gone to lunch. He left all his stuff here.
d.
f.
) You may have put your keys in the desk drawer. Have you looked there?
g.
) You could have told her. Now she'll get really mad.
h.
i.
) Ed's all right, but he could have gotten the flu for playing in the rain.
j.
) Zigzagging like that means the driver could have been drunk.
2. (
3. (
4. (
5. (
6. (
) I was so hungry...
7. (
) I was so embarrassed...
8. (
9. (
83
f. that I could have opened a hole on the ground to escape from that situation.
g. that you could have been late for the appointment.
h. Do you think she might have traveled?
i. She could have landed that job.
b.
c.
d.
e.
) She could have been seriously injured if she had had the accident.
f.
g.
h.
i.
2. (
3. (
4. (
5. (
6. (
7. (
8. (
9. (
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5) Circle the best alternative for the sentences below. CAN'T HAVE or MUST HAVE?
a. I can't /must have forgotten to write to her. I got her reply!?.
b. Jim can't /must have come all the way here on foot. He's damned lazy.
c. Carolyn can't/must have left earlier not to miss the train.
d. Bob decided to travel for a while. He can't/must have taken that job.
e. Something can't/must have come up. Maybe that's why you missed her.
f. Becky can't/must have changed her phone. I can't reach her on this number.
g. Sally speaks English so well. She can't/must have been so nervous during the interview.
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ANSWERKEY
Unit 18
Lesson 1
1)
2)
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Lesson 2
1)
a. F
b. F
c. F
d. T
2)
e. F
f. F
g. T
h. F
i. T
3)
a. bought
b. heard
f. both
g. learned
h. understood i. both
e. graduated
Lesson 3
1)
1. c
2. e
3. a
4. b
5. f
6. d
7. i
8. g
9. h
2)
1. a
2. b
3. a
4. c
5. a
6. c
7. b
8. a
9. c
3)
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Unit 19
Lesson 1
1)
2)
a. I had already fastened the seat belt when the plane took off. / When the plane took
seat belt.
b. When it took off, the flight attendant had given all the instructions. / The flight attendant had given all the
instructions when it took off.
c. She had asked us to put our seats in the upright position.
d. She had also said that the mobile phones had to be turned off.
e. After we had taken off, the captain told us about the weather conditions. / The
weather conditions after we had taken off.
Lesson 2
1)
a. didnt get
b. remembered
c. bought
d. enjoyed
e. didnt rain
f. opened
g. heard
h. knew
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2)
3)
a. T
b. F
c. T
d. T
e. T
f. F
g. T
h. T
Lesson 3
1)
a. hadnt told
b. had won
c. hadnt shouted
d. had been
e. hadnt had
f. had joined
g. hadnt got/gotten
h. hadnt been
i. hadnt driven
2)
1. a
2. a
3. a
4. b
5. b
6. a
7. b
8. b
3)
a. PS
b. R
c. R
d. R
e. PS
f. PS
g. PS
h. R
k. PS
l. PS
m. PS n. R
o. R
p. R
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i. PS
j. PS
Lesson 4
1)
2)
a. had
b. had
c. would
d. had
e. had
f. would
g. would
h. had
i. would
3)
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Unit 20
Lesson 1
1) He said his name was Dennis Brown and he was from Glasgow, Scotland. He said he studied computer science at
the University of Toronto and he really enjoyed it. He (also) said it was a great experience to study in a foreign
country. He said (He told us) he spoke English, but Canada was very different from his country.
2)
a. F
b. T
c. T
d. F
e. F
3)
f. T
g. F
Lesson 2
1)
1
3
4
5
7
2
6
N
S
S
K
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2)
1. c
2. a
3. b
4. a
5. d
6. a
7. c
3)
4)
a. 2
b. 4
c. 5
d. 6
e. 1
f. 3
g. 7
5)
(8) she decided to study French too as part of her major. Right now she has finished her TESOL,
(3) her parents she knew it was time to move out. They were very understanding and
(1) I will introduce you to my best friend, Melanie. She used to live in a small
(5) London. Her parents just asked her to be careful. As soon as she got there and got a flat, she got a job
(2) town in the north of England. When she turned 18 and finished school, she told
(4) supported her. She always said she wanted to live in
(7) an English teacher. She had studied German and French for a while but could only speak some French.
So, at University
(6) as a waitress until she was able to apply for London University. She told me she
languages and then decided to become
(9) a teacher training course, and got another job as a part-time teacher in an
downtown London. I talk with Melanie over the net every Sunday.
international school
Lesson 3
1)
2)
a. confused
b. confusing
c. alarming
d. alarmed
e. embarrassed
f. embarrassing
g. frightening
h. frightened
a. interesting interested
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always loved
b. amazing amazed
c. tired tiring
d. bored boring
e. intriguing intrigued
3)
1. e
2. g
3. b
4. f
5. d
6. h
7. a
4)
G
O Y
O S
O R
G N Y
W S
O C K
H A
G N
Unit 21
Lesson 1
1)
a. another
b. another / the other
c. another
d. another
e. another
f. the other
g. another
h. the other
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8. i
9. c
i. another
2)
3)
a. another
b. another
c. other
d. others
f. another
g. The other
h. other
i. The others
e. The others
Lesson 2
1)
1. a
2. b
3. a
4. c
5. c
2)
6. b
7. b
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8. a
9. b
3)
4)
Lesson 3
1)
a. 2
b. 1
c. 1
d. 2
f. 1
g. 2
h. 2
i. 2
j. 1
2)
1. c
2. e
3. g
4. b
5. d
6. a
7. f
8. i
9. h
3)
a. F
b. T
c. F
d. F
e. T
f. T
g. F
h. F
i. F
4)
1. f
2. i
3. a
4. g
5. b
6. e
7. c
8. h
9. d
5)
a. can't
b. can't
c. must
e. must
f. must
g. can't
d. can't
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