AUTHID DEFINER V/S AUTHID CURRENT_USER

There are lot of times we get error in Oracle Apps while trying to execute the API's at
development time, due to the AUTHID DEFINER and AUTHID CURRENT_USER. This article
gives you good understanding about the AUTHID DEFINER and AUTHID CURRENT_USER.
A stored procedure runs either with the rights of the caller (AUTHID CURRENT_USER) or with
the rights of the procedure's owner (AUTHID DEFINER). This behaviour is specified with the
AUTHID clause. This authid clause immediatly follows the create procedure, create
function, create package or create type statement. It can be ommited, in which case the
default authid definer is taken.
AUTHID DEFINER and AUTHID CURRENT_USER
----------------------------------------------------------AUTHID DEFINER:-------------------Example:--------The following are done in APPS scheme.
create table a (a_a number);
CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE XYZ AUTHID DEFINER
AS
PROCEDURE XYZ_1;
END XYZ;
CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE body XYZ
AS
PROCEDURE XYZ_1
IS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO A VALUES (1);
END XYZ_1;
END XYZ;
begin
xyz.XYZ_1;
end;
select * from a;
Provide grants for this package to other schema (scott) and create the synonym for the xyz

package in scott.
grant all on to
Example:--------grant all on xyz to scott
Above command is run from the apps schema.
Now for the other schema SCOTT try to run the same query.
begin
xyz.XYZ_1;
end;
It have inserted new record in the 'A' table. Note there is no synonym for the table A in SCOTT
schema.
Running this program from anywhere, it is as good as running from APPS schema in case of
AUTHID DEFINER.
10.2) CURRENT_USER:---------------------Example:----------The following are done in the APPS schema.
create table a (a_a number);
CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE XYZ AUTHID CURRENT_USER
AS
PROCEDURE XYZ_1;
END XYZ;
CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE body XYZ
AS
PROCEDURE XYZ_1
IS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO A VALUES (1);
END XYZ_1;
END XYZ;

begin
xyz.XYZ_1;
end;
select * from a;
Provide grants for this package to other schema (scott) and create the synonym for the xyz
package in scott.
grant all on to
Example:----------grant all on xyz to scott
Above command is run from the apps schema.
Now for the other schema (scott) try to run the same query.
begin
xyz.XYZ_1;
end;
Got the error message table or view doesn't exist for the A table.
Create view for the a table and run the same program again.
create synonym 'A' for table 'A'
begin
xyz.XYZ_1;
end;
select * from a;
Now there is no error. It is inserting the record with no issue.
WITH NO AUTHID DEFINER and AUTHID CURRENT_USER :----------------------------------------------------------------------Example:---------

The following are done in the APPS schema.

create table a (a_a number);
CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE XYZ
AS
PROCEDURE XYZ_1;
END XYZ;
CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE body XYZ
AS
PROCEDURE XYZ_1
IS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO A VALUES (1);
END XYZ_1;
END XYZ;
begin
xyz.XYZ_1;
end;
select * from a;
Provide grants for this package to other schema (scott) and create the synonym for the xyz
package in scott.
grant all on to
Example:--------grant all on xyz to scott
Above command is run from the apps schema.
Now for the other schema SCOTT try to run the same query.
begin
xyz.XYZ_1;
end;
It is working in same way as it have done for the AUTHID DEFINER.
Q) Is it possible to know from the select statement if it is INVOKER(CURRENT_USER) or

DEFINER
A) Yes, It is possible to get this information from the select statement. Use
SELECT dbo.object_name,
(DECODE(SIGN(bitand(options,16)),1,'INVOKER','DEFINER')) "authid"
FROM dba_objects dbo,
sys.PROCEDURE$ p
WHERE p.obj# = dbo.object_id
AND dbo.object_name = "Your Package Name"
AND dbo.object_type = 'PACKAGE'
AND dbo.owner = 'APPS'
Example:----------SELECT dbo.object_name,
(DECODE(SIGN(bitand(options,16)),1,'INVOKER','DEFINER')) "authid"
FROM dba_objects dbo,
sys.PROCEDURE$ p
WHERE p.obj# = dbo.object_id
AND dbo.object_name = 'ASO_APR_WF_INT'
AND dbo.object_type = 'PACKAGE'
AND dbo.owner = 'APPS'

How to Select the Nth highest / lowest value from a table:I am posting this script as lot of my friends have asked about this. They are lot of ways to do this.
I am showing you in two best ways.
Note:- In 'N' place, provide your Nth number you want to findout.
How to Select the Nth highest value from a table:------------------------------------------------select level, max(sal) from scott.emp
where level = '&n'
connect by prior (sal) > sal
group by level;
How to select the Nth lowest value from a table:------------------------------------------------------select level, min(sal) from scott.emp
where level = '&n'
connect by prior (sal) <>N th Top Salary
-------------------

select a.ename,a.sal
from emp a
where n = (select count(distinct(b.sal))
from emp b where a.sal <= b.sal) N th Least Salary
--------------------select a.ename,a.sal
from emp a
where n = (select count(distinct(b.sal))
from emp b
where a.sal >= b.sal)

Duplicate rows in the table

Duplicate rows in the table:-------------------------------The following query can be used to get the duplicate records from table.
SELECT * FROM 'Your table name' WHERE ROWID NOT IN (SELECT MAX(ROWID)
FROM 'Your Table Name' GROUP BY 'Your duplicate values field name');
Example:SELECT * FROM emp WHERE ROWID NOT IN (SELECT MAX(ROWID) FROM emp
GROUP BY ename);
To eliminate/delete the duplicate rows from the table, you can use the following query.
DELETE 'Your table name' WHERE ROWID NOT IN (SELECT MAX(ROWID) FROM 'Your
Table Name' GROUP BY 'Your duplicate values field name');
Example:DELETE emp WHERE ROWID NOT IN (SELECT MAX(ROWID) FROM emp GROUP BY
ename);