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Solutions, Acids, and Bases Test Review

Solutions
1- In soda pop, CO2(g) is a _____ and water is the _____.
2- What term is used by chemists to quantitatively describe a solution in which a relatively
small amount of solute is dissolved?
3- When a solvent has dissolved all the solute it can at a particular temperature, it is said to
be_____.
4- What will increase the rate of dissolution of a solute in a solvent?
5- What is the mass of H2SO4 in 1.00 x 102 mL of 0.200 M H2SO4 solution?
6- What number of moles of solute are present in 25.0 mL of 2.00 M HCl?
7- How many grams of K2SO4 (molar mass = 174 g/mol) would be needed to prepare 4.00 L
of a 0.0510 M solution?
8- A solution is prepared by dissolving 7.31 g of Na2SO4 in enough water to make 225 mL
of solution. Calculate the solution molarity.
9- A 54.8 g sample of SrCl2 is dissolved in 112.5 mL of solution. Calculate the molarity of
this solution.
Gas Laws
1- A balloon has a volume of 1.20 L at 24.0C. The balloon is heated to 48.0C. Calculate
the new volume of the balloon.
2- A sample of helium gas occupies 2.65 L at 1.20 atm. What pressure would this sample of
gas exert in a 1.50 L container at the same temperature?
3- A gas has a volume of 5.0 L at a certain pressure. How must the pressure be changed to
double the volume of the gas at constant temperature?
4- A 6.5 L sample of nitrogen at 25C and 1.5 atm is allowed to expand to 13.0 L. The
temperature remains constant. What is the final pressure?
5- You transfer a sample of a gas at 17C from a volume of 5.67 L and 1.10 atm to a
container at 37C that has a pressure of 1.10 atm. What is the new volume of the gas?
6- A sample of helium gas occupies 12.4 L at 23C and 0.956 atm. What volume will it
occupy at 40C and 0.956 atm?
7- A sample of oxygen gas (O2) has a volume of 7.51 L at a temperature of 19C and a
pressure of 1.38 atm. Calculate the moles of O2 molecules present in this gas sample.
8- A weather balloon contains helium gas at a volume of 855 L. Initially, the balloon is at
sea level, where the temperature is 25C and the barometric pressure is 0.947 atm. The
balloon then rises to an altitude of 6000 ft, where the pressure is 0.796 atm and the
temperature is 15C. What is the change in the volume of the balloon as it ascends from
sea level to 6000 ft?
9- A 6.35 L sample of carbon monoxide is collected at 55C and 0.892 atm. What volume
will the gas occupy at 1.05 atm and 20.C?
10- A 4.40-g piece of solid CO2 (dry ice) is allowed to vaporize (change to CO2( g)) in a
balloon. The final volume of the balloon is 1.00 L at 300. K. What is the pressure of the
gas?

Acids and Bases

1- Consider the reaction: HC2H3O2(aq) + H2O(l) --> H3O+(aq) + C2H3O2-(aq). Which species
is the conjugate acid?
2- True or False: Arrhenius postulated that acids produce hydrogen ions in aqueous solution,
whereas bases produce hydroxide ions.
3- True or False: The conjugate acid of a weak base is a strong acid.
4- The fact that HCl(aq) is a strong acid also means that Cl- is a(n) _____.
5- Which of the following must be true if a solution is to be considered acidic?
a. H+= OHb. H+ < OHc. H+ > OH6- A solution where [H+] = 10-13 M is acidic, basic, or neutral?
7- A solution has [OH-] = 2.8 x 10-7 M. The [H+] in this solution is acidic, basic, or neutral?
8- Calculate the [H+] in a solution that has a pH of 8.95.
9- Calculate the [OH-] in a solution that has a pH of 3.70.
10- What is the pH of a solution that has [OH-] = 4.0 x 10-9 M?
11- A solution is prepared by dissolving 36.5 g HCl(g) in enough water to make 1.0 L of
solution. The pH of this solution is acidic, basic, or neutral?
12- What is the pH of a 10 M solution of HNO3?
13- What is the pH of a 0.20 M nitric acid (HNO3) solution?
14- What is the pH of a 2.0 M solution of HClO4?