Complex Numbers

1. if
Sol:

= 4 determine the locus of z.

let z = x1 + iy1

(x1 - 3)2 + (y1 + 1)2 = 16

x12 - 6x1 + 9 + y12 + 2y1 + 1 - 16 = 0.
x12 + y12 - 6x1 + 2y1 - 6 = 0
... Required locus is x2 + y2 - 6x + 2y - 6 = 0
2. If z = 2 - 3i, then show that z2 - 4z + 13 = 0
Sol: Consider z = 2 - 3i => z - 2 = - 3i
Squaring on both sides we get
(z - 2)2 = (-3i)2
z2 - 4z + 4 = 9i2
z2 - 4z + 4 = -9 (... i2 = -1)
z2 - 4z + 13 = 0.
3. Find the multiplicative inverse of 7 + 24i
Sol: The multiplicative inverse of a + ib is

conjugate of z1 is z2
5. Find the square root of (3 + 4i)
sol: Square root of a + ib

Comparing real parts we get

x=

2x = 1

4x2 = 1
4x2 - 1 = 0

7. Express the complex number into modulus - amplitude form, z = - 1 - i

Sol:

Given that z = - 1 - i
Let z = x + iy
Comparing we get x = - 1, y = -

We know that x = r cos , y = r sin

..
.

cos and sin are negative, the required angle lies in the third quadrant, so angle is negative.

The amplitude of a complex number is known as argument denoted by

Arg (z) = Arg (x + iy) = tan-1 ( )
Arg ( ) = Arg (x - iy)
Arg (z1. z2) = Arg z1 + Arg z2 + n , n {-1, 0, 1}
Arg (

) = Arg z - Arg z + n
1
2

,n

{-1, 0, 1}

The sign of argument changes depending on the quadrants accordingly. is required argument.

8. If the Arg ( ) and Arg (

Sol:

) are

respectively, find (Arg z1 + Arg z2)

Let z1 = x1 - i y1,
=>
= x1 + iy1
So the point lies in the IV quadrant

De Moiver's Theorem

3. Show that (1 + i ) 3n + (1 i ) 3n = (1)3n 23n+1 cos n .

Sol. L.H.S = (1 + i ) 3n + (1 i ) 3n

= [1 (1 i )] 3n + [1 (1 + i )] 3n
= (1)3n [(1 i ) 3n + (1 + i )3n]
Let us find the Mod - amplitude form of 1 + i
Let 1 + i
= x + iy.
x = 1
y =