AS CHEMISTRY UNIT 2 - PIGUY

GROUPS 1&2
>>REVISION>>

FLAME TESTS
Li

RED

Na

ORANGE

LILAC

Rb

RED-VIOLET

Cs

BLUE

electron is promoted to higher

energy level by heat; when it
drops down, energy is given off
as light

Mg
Ca
Sr
Ba

WHITE
BRICK RED
CRIMSON RED

APPLE COX GREEN

Mg(s) + O2 (g)

2MgO(s)

Ba & Sr also form peroxides (e.g. BaO2)

e-

GROUP II REACTIONS
CaCl2(s) +
2H2O (l)

Mg doesnt react with H2O (l)

Be / BeO doesnt react with
either H2O (l) or (g)

+ Cl2 (aq)

CaCl2(s)
+ H2O(l)
+ dil. 2HCl

Ca(s)

+ 2H2O (l)

+ dil. 2HCl

Ca(OH)2 (s)
+ H2 (g)

+ H2O (g)

+ H2O (l)

CaO(s) + H2 (g)

GROUP I & II
TRENDS
down the group the solubility of
sulphates decrease
hydroxides increase

T H E R M A L S TA B I L I T Y

C-O BOND
EASIER TO
BREAK

C
O

down the group the thermal

stability of nitrates and
carbonates increase
Smaller positive ion means
greater charge density
Increase in ability to pull the O,
weakening the C-O bond,
so less thermal energy required

O-

M g 2+

OO

C
O

B a 2+

AS CHEMISTRY UNIT 2 - PIGUY

GROUP 7
>>REVISION>>

PROPERTIES OF
GROUP VII ELEMENTS
GOOD OXIDISING AGENTS
I2 > Br2 > Cl2

Cl2
in
solution

Br2
in
solution

I2
in
solution

PROPERTIES
OF HALIDES
GOOD REDUCING AGENTS
C l -> B r - > I - S O D I S P L A C E M E N T O C C U R S

2KBr + Cl2 (aq)

2KCl + Br2 (aq)

PA L E G R E E N G A S
PA L E G R E E N S O L U T I O N

DARK RED LIQUID

ORANGE SOLUTION

GREY SOLID

with
AgNO

AgCl

colour
of ppt.

white cream yellow

dissolves
in

PURPLE SOLUTION

* I O D I N E O N LY D I S S O LV E S I N N O N POLAR SOLUTIONS, NOT WATER

2AgCl (s)

dil.
NH

AgBr

conc.
NH

sunlight

AgI

2Ag + Cl2

GROUP VII ELEMENT REACTIONS

halogens act as oxidising agents e.g.
2FeCl3

2Fe + 3Cl2 (aq)

DOWN THE GROUP THEIR LESS GOOD AT OXIDISING

SO IODINE GOES:
Fe + I2
FeI2
DISPROPORTIONATION

2NaOH (aq) + Cl2 (aq)

hot

NaCl + NaClO + H2O

6NaOH(aq) + 3Cl2 (aq)

cold

5NaCl + NaClO3 + 3H2O

GROUP VII IONS REACTIONS

halides act as reducing agents e.g.
H 2S O 4 R E D O X ( D O E S N T W O R K F O R C l -)

2BrH2SO4 + 2H+ + 2eH2SO4 + 8H+ + 8e-

Br2 + 2eSO2 + 2H2O

H2S + 4H2O
EGG SMELL

* O N LY F O R
IODIDE

HYDROGEN HALIDE REACTIONS

HCl (g) + NH3 (aq)

NH4Cl (aq)

HCl (g)+ H2O (l)

H3O+ + Cl-

WHITE SMOKE

YOURE
DONE WITH
INORGANIC
CHEMISTRY

REVISION!