Edward Maya

Leslie Drake
3/21/16
Annotated Bibliography
Kolata, Gina. When Training Backfires: Hard Work Thats Too Hard. The New York Times.
September 3, 2008: n. pag. Print.
In this article, Kolata interviews Dr. William Kraus about Overtraining which his son was
having symptoms of at the moment. Dr. Kraus mentions that overtraining remains poorly
understood and understudied. It also mentioned when having over trained it takes weeks to
months in order to recover from it which athletes would hate. The article is interesting but it is
old and it mostly consists of quotations from three individuals. The article is for everybody but it
targets athletes.
Budgett, Richard. Fatigue and underperformance in athletes: the overtraining syndrome. Br f
Sports Med. 10 March 1998. 107-110. Print
In this article, Budgett talks about how overtraining syndrome affects mainly endurance
athletes. He mentions that psychological, endocrinogical, physiological, and immunological
factors play a role in the failure to recover from training. He also talks about the management of
rehabilitation and recovery and how many athletes do not wait for the full time to recover
successfully. The article is interesting but the only problem is that it is twenty-eight years old.
This article is scholarly and it is targeting athletes, coaches, and trainers. Two pictures are
included in this article.

Meeusen, R. Prevention, diagnosis and treatment of the overtraining syndrome: Joint consensus
statement of the European College of Sport Science (ECSS) and the American College of Sports
Medicine (ACSM). European Journal of Sport Science. 17 July 2012. 1-24. Print.
Meeusen talks about the assessment of overtraining and says that the overtraining
syndrome reflects the attempt of the body to cope with physiological and other stressors. He talks
about the benefits and problems coming from the tests. Meeusen also talks about strategies to
reduce the symptoms of Overreaching and reduce the risk of developing overtraining syndrome.
This article is very interesting and full of information and it is not old. The articles language is
very sophisticated and is targeting trainers and coaches.
Fields, Jenn. Overtraining in endurance athletes: Symptoms, causes and solutions. The Denver
Post. 16 June 2015. Print.
In this article, fields interviews Iigo San Millan and he talks about how he never thought
he would see overtraining in amateur athletes but when he got to the University of Colorado
School of Medicine learned that that was false. They also talk about how nutrition is another
component of overtraining. Millan also talks about the signs of overtraining. This article is fairly
new and interesting. It is targeting athletes and people that are active.
Roy, A. Brad. Overreaching/Overtraining: More is Not Always Better. ACSM Health and
Fitness Journal. Vol.19. NO.2
In this article, Roy talks about how Overreaching is broken into functional and
nonfunctional states. He also talks about some signs and symptoms and mentions that more than
125 signs and symptoms have been identified. He talks about the treatment and prevention of

overtraining and says that rest is the primary treatment. This article is interesting and accessible,
but it does not include a publish date. The article targets the public that is active.
Cunha, dos Santos Giovani, & Oliveira, de Reischak Alvaro & Ribeiro, Luiz Jerri. Overtraining:
theories, diagnosis, and markers. Rev Bras Med Esporte. Vol.12. NO.5.
In this article, the authors talk about theories and hypothesis of Overtraining. They also
talk about Overtraining Diagnosis, which says that the most important symptom is fatigue which
is defined as the inability of keeping given training intensity. The authors include biochemical
markers and Hormonal Markers as a factor to Overtraining. The article is interesting but this is
the Review Article, the original is written in Portuguese. This article was published in 2006.
Johnson, Black Mary , Thiese, M. Steven. A Review of Overtraining Syndrome- Recognizing
the Signs and Symptoms Journal of Athletic Training. Vol. 27. No. 4. 1992.
In the article the authors talk about the Physiological Indicators such as an overactive
pituitary gland is primarily responsible for physiological responses to overtraining. They also
talk about Psychological Indicators such as loss of confidence, apathy, irritability, depression,
anxiety, and confusion are some examples. They also talk about the symptoms, recognition, and
prevention and treatment. This article includes information that is hardly found in other articles
and is very interesting. The article is targeting those that want to learn more about Overtraining.
Maffulli, N. & Helms, P. Controversies about intensive training in young athletes. Archives of
Disease in Childhood. Pg.1405-1407. 1988.
In this article the authors talk about physical and physiological effects on children and
they say that it is difficult to separate the effects from those of normal puberty and overreaching.
They also talk about injuries in children and they say that the bones and joints of a young athlete

are more prone to specific types of injuries. Lastly they talk about psychological effects and how
stress and anxiety are the most serious concerns due to competition. The article is interesting due
to that children are always burning out at an early stage and also how overtraining can affect the
child. The article is targeting coaches and parents.
Hooper, Sue , Mackinnon, Traeger Laurel. Overtraining National Sports Research Program.
No.26. February 1991.
The authors define Overtraining as a general stress response to excessive training. They
also inform that there is not a single clear and consistent predictor of overtraining. The authors
include that many of the physical and psychological responses to overtraining are closely linked,
and it is difficult to distinguish causes from effects. This article consists of tables and figures and
is interesting due to the information that is given. The only downfall about this article is that it is
old.
Matos, Nuno & Winsley, J. Richard. Trainability of young athletes and overtraining Journal of
Sports Science and Medicine. 1 September 2007.
In this article the authors talk about the different effects that occur to children and adults when
training. The authors also talk about overtraining in adults and children and how the symptoms
differentiate. They also talk about prevention of overtraining and determining if overtraining is
occurring or depression. This article is very interesting because it has both benefits and
consequences of training. This article is old but the information is beneficial for an athlete,
trainer, and coach.