FOUNDATION COURSE LEVEL 1 Power Verbs tne Hla Spt ©2004tl venience, we have provided the best quality materials available. ‘This book has a ‘special binder called Orabind. It will lay perfectly flat and even fold back without breaking the spine. “The more you use it, the more comfortable it will become. aper is 60-pound white bond paper ~ easy to write on, f bright to look at and opaque. T hope you enjoy your study experience: MEXICAN SPANISH Ifyou want to speak Spanish with Mexicans, this is the book for you. Remember, not all Spanish is alike and many words used in Spain are different in Mexico, All words used in this course are commonly. used in Mexico. The Waren Hardy School is located in San Miguel de Allende, Guanajuato, México. Te my students who for the past 30 years have taught me to be a better teacher. Previous publications: | 4984, 1996, 1998, 2000, 2001 Copyright 2004 by Warren Hardy. _ All rights reserved. No pert of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or ‘by any means, electronic or mechanical including photccopy, recording, or any information ( ‘storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from Warren Hardy, Alba 6, San Miguel ‘de Allende, Gto. 37700, Mexico, Teliffax: 011-52-415-2-4728. www.warrenhardy.com 1 Spats © 2004 \ey Uniting people through language learning and cultaral undesstanding Welcome to the Foundation Course! This is the WorkBook for the first of four levels, which together will make up the firm foundation on which you will develop 3 your skills to speek the Spanish language. . ‘The bricks in this foundation are: the one hundred most common Spanish verbs and their tenses, « the basic Spanish grammar. Your tools are: + this WorkBook + ils accompanying CDs or cassettes ® the VerdCards » the GameGards. All this “construction” may sound like work to you, but its not. This course is easy; in fact | am very excited for you because | know that you will be able to learn ‘Spanish with this system. Why? Because over the past ten years | have perfected it with the help of thousands of students, The purpose of this Foundation course is to put into place the verb tenses and basic Spanish grammar. Once this foundation is in place, you wil be able to confidently develop your speaking skills as you engage people in Spanish. Mi job is to guide you and make learning easy and fun, Your job is to conscion- tiously do the WerkBooks, practice with the audios, and speak Spanish whenever you can, If you do this, | promise you the results you are soaking. After completing this first level you vill be able to use Spanish to effectively com- municate your needs. You will be able to meat new friends, travel, and get the things you want when you want them. You will realize that Spanish is easy and be rewarded with success. So let's got going. Be sure to carefully read the leering steps on the next pages before you begin the WorkBook. And remember... earning Spanish is a game so have fun! Sincerely, FLUID SPEECH Warren Hardy me a: PRACTICE presence ssepen=: _ VERB TENSES & GRAMMAR | Won Henly Somes © 208Pinat is your goal? é By doing the coursework and practicing with native speakers, you will FUNCTIONAL = Youcan manage straightforward social protocol ~ Youcan communicate your needs and wants in short, ofien incomplete sentences in present time. ~ Your vocabulary is limited to basic objects. ‘ + Youhave difficulty formulating questions. HIGH FUNCTIONAL ~ You sometimes appear fluent with social protocol. ~ You can create short sentences with dificulty in present, past, and tuture time, ~ Your vocabulary is limited to basic information such as time, numbers, months, homs, directions and immediate needs. ~ You stl have aificully formulating questions. CONVERSATIONAL > You are fluent with social protocol. ~ You can handis predictable situations and personal needs in present, past, and future ime. ~ Your conversetion is reactive and there is a struggle lo answer ‘irect questions. > Your speech is filled with hesitancy and inaccuracies + You can be understood in spite of frequent misunderstandings, + You are capable of asking a variety cf questions to obtain pfommation about basic needs, "= You are ableto self correct. H CONVERSATIONAL - Youare fluid in strzigh!-forward socia situations, You can ciscuss personal information, family relations, nome, activities, interests, personal preferences, physical and needs. ‘You usualy communicate eactivoly responding to direct questions. “You are abl ok ideas using the rine Spanish tenses. Your speech contains pauses, reformations, and sel corrections searching for adequate vocabulary and appropriate 2 fours. Warren Hardy Spanish offers four levels of instruction designed to tae you to.a High Conversational Level. This course wil prepare you to practice Spanish wilh naive speakers, so you may develop Pid speach d following stages. These guidelines aro set by the Amesican Council on th levelop your ckills through the re Teaching of Foreign Languages. Level 1: Power Verbs 20 hours of practice with Active speakers + Working vocabulary: 200 words Level 2: Preterito tonse & ‘Object Pronouns. 40 hours of practice with rative speakers Working vocabulary: 300 words Level 3: Imperiect, Present & Minor Tenses Soven-tense integration 80 hours of conversation with native speakers Working vocabulary: 400 words _ Level 4: Present and Past Subjunctive Nine-tense Integration © 100 hours of conversation with native speakers Working vocabulary: 600 words FLUENT D deveoped i ttt mmerion emireny |are able lo converse with ease and dence when dealing with most routine BS and social situations. Gu ore able to narrate and describe in all €se5 using discourse of paragraph length. -sometimes have hesitation going from Ho tense but you can seif-corect. topics of discussion. + You are able to speak uantly without hesitation in both languages in most > Must speak only the terget language andiive in the auilure for @ year or more. BILINGUAL + Yousrow up speaking both languages end assimilating both cultures simullaneously. > Vocabulary is equat in bothlanguages.Introduction to Power Verbs The purpose of Level 1 is to teach you to function in Spanish ... to communicate what you nged and want ... when you need and want it... and to understand the needs and wants of others, Power Verbs will enable you to do this. Power Verbs are verbs like / need, ! want, Jean, Ike, and lam going to, ‘You can connect other verbs to Power Verbs For example: Ineed to eat. Inaed to go. Iwant to leave, want to order. Jam going to work. | am going to pay. This is what makes these particular verbs 50 powerful. As you do this course, you will leam to combine these Power Verbs with 100 Of the most common verbs (the verbs in your VerbCards packet) enabling you to make hundreds of sentences, 'n this course you will also learn Basic Social Protocal... those magic phrases that help you to appear like an educated and well meaning person. Hispanic cultures are steeped in social tradition and it pays to say the magic phrases... always with a smite. At the back of the book you will find six useful dialogues and additional vocabulary, which inoludes cognates (words that are the same in Spanish and English), cornman adjectives and the 500 most common Mexican nouns in categories. Keep in mind that this is an integrated learning System. The WorkBooks, VerbGards, GameCards, CD/ Cassettes all work together to help you lear to read, write, and speak Spanish so you can enjoy practicing with native speakers. You can also take Warren Hardy classes in San Miguel de Allende. Each component has its purpose. 1) The self-grading WorkBook wil visually and efficiently teach you the verb forms and “grammatical concepts. Fill in the blanks and Correct your answers. All the explanations are succinct and In Enatish. 2) The Audios are recorded directly from the answer pages in the WorkE00k. They will develop your understanding and pronunciation skils. 3) The VerbCards contain the 100 most ‘common verbs with the meanings in English and the canjugations with all their forms on the back. The Foundation Course is simplified by using only these common verbs. 4) The GameCards develop your vocabulary and usage. They can be used alone, with another student, or any Spanish speaker: 5) The Warren Hardly Classes integrate all these maierials with classroom study, which will accelerate your ability to speak with and understand native speakers. Consult www.warrenhardy.com for course schedules. 6) The Warren Hardy website: www.warrenhardy.com, offers free leerning fo.enhance your vocabulary and an onfine game that reviews the Power Verbs course. ‘Take these materials and work with them. Do the WorkBook. Practice with the audios. Find someone to practice with using the GameCards. Leaming takes place a step ata time. With dedication and practice; you can speak Spanish well, First you have to know how to say what you want. This course will teach you that... and then you must practice. Wiitn Fly Spin 2008a VI How to study ‘This workbooks part of an integrated leaming system that is based on the letest research in second-fangusge oqustion. I you follow the simple steps outlined within, | guarantee you the maxemum learning experience. Here are the steps you naed to follow to develop, your reading, wring and speaking skills, ree: ITD sae SERIES SNS j &S Fill in the blanks ver Te RSRORTEIS: | @& Correct your answers SPIE RIES sa RH (Qe Translate the exercises ages orally © Practice the same exercise cassette (¢) Use the GameCards to practice with a partner or any native speaker | START the section you're leaming _ = Here are the icons that wil tell you how to use each page. 1 OO jojo! = Look! Study this page. ' Ow ‘Spoken exercise : f 1 Timed exercise Practice with the CDicassette i 4 Use the GameCards (ia) Use the VeroGards : E>S transiate from English to Spanish ELAR. | SPE Translate from Spanish to English AL Answers P Vocabulary preparation Q Vocabulary quizHow fo use the audios vil (&) eons “The audios are recorded direcily from tha You can use the audios in several ways’ WorkBock The disc icon In the WorkBock tes Listen and repeat in Spanish. This develo that 2 given page is recorded and where the Soin Sion coe Pa is develops ecording is found CD or cassette. seen ee 2. Transtate ftom Spanish to English, Thi ‘The voices are recorded at normal “native” develops: understanding. “gpeed. While you are familiarizing yourself with 3. Answer in Spanish, This develops usege. ‘he Information and developing your ear, you will ant to ead along with the book. Many people ee ee Rtarateratewtines-troughttey util ent Oe ache NOt ee agi a rew be able to answer in Spanish in the space given ‘audios play in thoi car or at home. Whatever \ithout the id of te book, éo, listen and practice. Keep in mind that {Your goal is fo speak and understand Spanish. Hare is a detalied guide that gives you the page The audios will develop your ability to do this. Number and the material covered. e is better. NOTE: The number under “CD” refers to the CD number (1, 2 or 3) and the track. ‘The rumber under “cascatio" refers to the cassette number and side. page tie time CD cassette 23 Social protocol 4 Numbers, days and seasons 6 Alphabet and pronunciation 5 “AR verbs: 14 ‘Time Frames 15 Glue words 22 aNecesita? Neoasito 28 © {Qviere? Quiero 30. -ERand IR verbs 38 Naa? Voya | 42 Integration dil, ‘you' and ‘I' | 46 2Puede? Puedo ConTINven ON NEXT PAGEvii low to use the audios Cownnuen FRom PREVIOUS PAGE | pegs lle 54 ge gusta? Me gusta 80 gTiene que? Tengo que 64 Uses of toner, hay 8T Por ve. pare 70 Power verbs Integration, you and | 73 Gommon verbs quiz 79-81 Power verbs review, ‘you’ and ' 87 We! forms 89 Necesitar conjugation 92 Nevesitar spoken exercise 93 Querer conjugation 95 Querer spoken exercise 96 ir conjugation 98 Ir spoken exercise 99 Poder conjugation 101 Poder spoken exercise | 102 Tener conjugation 4 104 Tener spoken exercise 105 Gustar conjugation 407s Guster spoken exercise 4; “109 Guster with things | 117 Reflexive verts | 127 - Ser and estar conjugation 429 Serand estar answers i 133 Power verb rolodexing ‘| 134 Power verb conjugation, al forms | 437 Power verb quiz, all forms 148-151 Final Exam Voices Dr. Emilia Cardenas and Rocio Rulz Gerreén $hetraSS ivy Hlely Spanish © 2004 time 6.00 6336 331 3:15 131 6:03 12:22 3:32 2:38 ant 2A2 3:43 159 347 2:26 4209 2226 ait 2:43 4:22 2:38 3:56 3:53 2:55 1:52 346 5:44 44:46 CD cassette 1-14 1B 1415 18 24 2h 22 2A 23° 2A 24 2k 25 2A 26 2A 27 2B 28 2B 29° 2B 240 28 241 2B 242 2B 243 2B 244 2B 34 3A 32 3A 333A 34 3A 35 3A 36 3k 37 3A 35 3A 39° 3B 340 3B 341 3B 3412 36 i f ' a a‘Table of contents Section I: SOCIAL PROTOCOL Social protocol ...... Numbers, days and seasons Section Il: BASIC GRAMMAR Alphabet & pronunciation Nouns (thing: x5 Yerbs (action words), Common -AR verbs. ‘V’and 'you' (formal) forms Power verbs ..... Time frames. Glue Words. eet Creating sentences. i Section lil: POWER VERB EXERCISES, ‘You’ (formal) and 4” NEGESITAR: to need Negative answer QUERER: to want. Common -ER and -iR verbs Time frames / The personal ‘e.. Before and after /to and from IRA: to be going to Direct object pronoun: PODER: to be able Why end because This, that, these an GUSTAR: to like. TENER QUE: to have to... Uses of TENER . HAY = There is / there ar PORvs. PARA SECTION IV: POWER VERBS REVIEW, ‘You’ (formal) & ‘I’ ‘me, you, him, her, us, them’ Power verbs integration quiz -70 ‘Common verbs quiz 72 Power verbs raviow 3 74 Section V: POWER VERBS CONJUGATION, Present tense Power verbs, we’ forms Spanish verb conjugation .. NECESITAR conjugatio How to make a question QUERER conjugation JR conjugation PODER conjugation... TENER conjugation .. GUSTAR conjugation GUSTAR with things IX Ryn Ponds Spon 2000‘Table of contents x Section Vi: REFLEXIVE VERBS: REFLEXIVE.VERBS and memory tips . Using Reflexive verbs.. Reflexive pronouns... Reflexive veros.. Section Vil: SER AND ESTAR Introduction to SER and ESTAR. ‘SER conjugation and uses. ESTAR conjugation and uses SERVs. ESTAR Section Vili: GENERAL REVIEW, QUIZZES & FINAL EXAM Power verb conjugation ‘Common verbs .. Time frames. Glue words: Final Exam Final Exam answers. Final Exam greding ... What's Next? ... Resommended Supplementary sludy materials Section IX: DIALOGS In the Restuarant .. At the Bus Station.. At the Market, Al the Bank. Breakfast Date . 159 New Friend .. 160 Section X: VOCABULARY ‘Common Nouns Adjective Cognates Aer: Section XI: GLOSSARY English to Spanish Spanish to English 170 4759 Section-I SOCIAL PROTOCOL Wey Har Sperith © 204Social protocol ‘To be funetional in Spa with social protocol, . you must be familiar ‘The basis of social protocol in the hispanic culture is acknowledging the presence of another person when you enter or leave their space. This is usually done with a 4. a greeting 2. a farewell 3. a request for space or attention 4, a blessing on their meal itis considered rude and reflects badly on your mother (who gave you a poor education) if you don't use appropriate protocol. 4. The greetings are cheeriully said to everyone ‘you pass, especially to all wih whom you make eye contact. Yn : BUENOS DIAS = “Good morning,” used from daylignt until noon. = BUENAS TARDES = “Good aftemoon, usad from noon until 7 P.M. or dark, 1 BUENAS NOCHES = Good evening from 7 P.M. or dark. Sometimes it may get dark before 7 P.M. = ADIOS can be said to a person in passing, For example anylime you pass ‘someone on the street and you make eye contact, i is good to say adios. Adiés literally means “to God” and is considered a high greeting, not just good-bye. g = HOLA = “Hi. ft 1s an informal greeting which can be used wth children or good friends. Otherwise, itis usualy combinied wih @ formal greeting lke this: HOLA, BUENOS DIAS = "Hi, good moming.” Wren Hardy Spanish ©, 260 Disc ack = agent 4 side Al If you know the person, it is common to ask how they are doing. For example: = BUENOS DIAS .COMO ESTA? = “Good moming, How ere you {formel)?” or BUENOS DIAS .COMO ESTAS? formal) ‘Acquick dialogue mey go something like this: = BUENOS DiAS, ,COMO ESTA? = "Goad maming, How ere you?” = MUY BIEN GRAGIAS 2Y USTED? = “Very well, thank you. And you?” 2, Farewells are usually said with: Oy = ADIOS. HASTALUEGO. = “Goodbye, until ater.” or = ADIOS. BUENAS NOCHES. = “Goodbye, good night” Itis common at a party to go around and say good night to everyone present before one leaves. This is called a despedida. 3, Request for space or attention is very important. In Mexico, people have 2 different level of spatal comfort than in the U.S. or Canada, where people may feel uncomfortable when someone is closer than arm's length. In Mexico people are comfortable at elvow's length. As a result it is common for people to seem to be crowding, or to be “balled up.”= CON PERMISO, POR FAVOR = “With your permnisson, please.” This request will quickly be answered by people moving end sometimes saying: @ PROPIO = "k's yours” As you pass through, you can say; = GRAGIAS, ADIOS = “Thank you, goodbye.” pS romertent Gon pormiso is also used to request attention. In hispanic cultures the attendents in a retail store wil usually not wait on you until you request help unless you are in a tourist @rea_ So in most cases they will linger back attentively Lntil you ask for help. Raising your hand and ‘saying con permiso, por favor wil get you ‘service. And don't forget to smile! ‘Waiters will not bring you the check at a restaurant tunil you ask for it It is considered rude end is like ‘asking you to leave if they bring you the check ‘without your request. When you are ready for the check, simply call the waiter or waitress with a raising of the hand and say: 29 =.LA CUENTA, POR FAVOR. ="The check, please.” 2 JOVEN, SENORITA (to get the attention of a wailer/waiiress ... ifthe wailer is older, you can say SENOR or SENORA) = i's considered rude to call a working person by their occupation, e.g. mesoro or mesera, _ When you leave don't forget to sey: = MUCHAS GRACIAS and smile! It is good to be generous with tips. . Soc al protocol 3 4. When you enter the space where someone is eating, itis courteous to say: Oy = BUEN PROVECHO. This translates as ‘| hope you get the most from your meal.” Itis a blessing on their meal. People will always look up, smile, and seyGRACIAS. tis common in a restaurant to say buen provecho as you pass a table of people eating, whether you make eye-contact or not. People really appreciate this gesture and it is a sign of good breading. Using these four areas of social protocel has many benefits. 1. Iteonnects you with other people and helps you to overcome your psychological fears about using Spanish. When you do this and people respond, there is a litle voice in the back of your mind that say, “Yes, this language is real and il works!" This connection is very empowering. 2. It shows respect for the hispanic people and lets them know that you are indeed “educated” and know the social niceties of their culture. This is important becetise hispanics usually peresive Americans as cold or even rude because we don't commonly greet each other in our culture. Use the social protocol every day, everywhere. I! is important. Es muy importante, You will need these: No Entlendo = | don't understand, Repita por favor = Repeat pleasa. Despacio por favor = Slowly please. No hablo espafiol muy bién = I don't speak Spanish very well Necesite practicar mi espaiiol = I ned fo practice my spanish. Warne Hers Spal 9 2004 ee —EeeNumbers, days and seasons Dise 1 rack 3 cassette 1 side {CUANTO CUESTA? = How much-does it cost? 1 uno dos tres cuatro cinco seis siete ocho nueve 10 diez 11 once © 12 doce 13 trece 14 catorce 15 quince 16 dieciséis 17 diecisiete 18 dieciocho 19 diecinueve OMNIooORoND Days of the Week* Monday el lunes Tuesday el martes Wednesday el miércoles Thursday el jueves Friday el viernes Saturday el sabado Sunday el domingo 20. veinte, veintiuno, veintidés ... - 30 treinta, treinta y uno ... 40 cuarenta, cuarenta y uno... 50. cincuenta, cincuenta y uno... 60 sesenta, sesenta y uno 70. setenta, setentay uno... 80 ochenta, ochentay uno... 90 noventa, noventay uno... 400 cien 101 ciento uno 150 ciento cincuenta 200 doscientos 300 trescientos 400 cuatrocientos 500 quinientos 600 seiscientos 700 setecientos 800 ochocientos 900 novecientos _ 1,000 mil Seasons Spring la primavera ‘Summer el verano Fall el otofio Winter el invierno +4, Days of the week in Spanish are not capitalized. 2. Es lunes = itis Monday. 5. When you use the el, it translates as ‘on.’ El lunes = on Monday-Section BASIC GRAMMAR Waren Heriy Spon @ 2004Casselly 1 sige A Alphabet & pronunciation : Disc 1a G There are only five vowels, and each vowel nes only one sound. a oo o[ Spanish Vowels Jusicms Avah) Evay) I (ee) Och) U (ew) The Aismade by The Eis made The lismadeby Tho Oismadeby The Uismade ‘Saying “an” with by grinning wide, saying “ee,” as in ‘saying “oh,"asin by saying “ew” thejowdropped, then saying "ay," “cheeso." okay.” asin "new." as in “ball.” asin “nay.” Spanish Syllables Notice how the vowels combine with consonants to create the syllables that make up Spanish words. Breaking a word into sylables makes it easier ta pronounce. Only two consonants change sounds when they combine with different vowels. The *c’ sound in ce and ci become saft to create “say” and “see,” and the"g’ sound in ge and glis pronounced “hay" and “hee.” The “h” is silent in Spanish and te*z" is pronounced like etr's." Practice this exercise with the CO/eassette. ba be bi bo bu jaje ji jo ju fare irom ca ce ci co cu la le li lo lu sa se si so su da de di do du ma me mi mo mu fate tito tu fe fe fi fo fu rane ni no nu ye ve vi vo vu ga ge gi go gu fia fe fi fo Au ya ye yi yo yu ha he hi ho hu pa pe pi po pu za ze zi 20 2u Practice the alphabel with the CD/cessette and lear to spell your last name, [Spanish Alphabet A B c Ch D & (ah) (bey) (sey) (chay} (day) om | F G H I J K (oHfay) (hay) (eh-chay) | (ee-tatina) (ho-tah) (kah) L LL M N N oO (ettay) (etyay) (em-may) (errnay) {em-yey) (oh) P Q R RR s T @ (pay) (e00) (shay) (ehtray) (es-say) (ay) U Vv w x Y z | (ew) (bay) (co-blayew) | (eh-kees) | (Se-gree-ay-gah) | (seh-tan) Henly Spanish @ 2004| Singular masculine nouns ususlly end with -o _ and use el = the (rm) el libro = the book el bance = the bank Not all masculine nouns end with -. ~ Other masculine nouns end in on ef corezon ef ef hots! | -or ef actor al el animal -ente ol pacienie To say @ book instead of the book, use un libro. un fibro = a book un benco : Feminine nouns usually end in -@ and use the ariicle Ja = the (9. he table the store "Not all feminine nouns end with a. © Other feminine nouns end with -eién Ia Jecoién dad fa cantideadt -tad Ja voiuntad — sumbre fa castumbre | fa noun ends with other letters, you may To sey a fable instead of the fable, "use una mesa. una mesa = 2 table una tienda = a store yy have to look it up in a dictionary 10 find the gender. _. Nouns (things) 7 All things in Spanish are‘either masculine or feminine, Masculine Nouns ¥ To make a masculine noun plural, add -& and use los = the (plural m) Jos Jibros = the books Jos bancos = the banks Ira noun ends in a consonant, add -es fo make tt plural. al corazén > los corazones el hotel > los hoteles olacior > los actores el animal > los animales el pacionte > los pacientes Ifa noun ends with other letters, you may have to look it up ina dictionary to find the gender. To say some books instead of the books, use unos libros. un libro > unos libros (some books) un banco > unos bances (some banks) ao [ Feminine Nouns | as To make 2 feminine noun plural, add -s and use the article Jas = the (plural 9. IF a noun ends with @ consonant, add -2s to make it plural. Ia leccidn > fas lecciones Ta cantidad > las canticades Javoluntad > las voluntades Ia costumbre > las gostumbres To sey some tables instead of the ‘ables. use unas mesas. ina mesa > unas masas (some ablee) ina tionda > unas tiendas (some SIOTS)er” i a 8 Woun exercises Fil in che blank using the coréct form, ia Spanish, oF Singular el = the (m) Ja = the (f) uni (rn) ah iprat é Tos = the (m) | las = the () unos = some (77) | unas = some () the, ay ce denne, answers below potto prallos. sill —sillas. eontrato casa hombre banco carta amigo cerveza 4. the book —_/ libro tie achicken ya the books __Jp fibras Some chickens nos 2. the table _Ja__ mesa 12achait na — the tables _niesas some chairs _ unas 3, the house casa 13. a contract the houses some contracts 4. the chicken pollo 14, a house the chickens some houses 6. the chair silla the chairs 15. aman 6. the contact contsto somemen the. contacts 16. a bank 7. the Bil __ cuenta gomerbarky the bils 17. a letter 8. the gift regalia ae, the offs 18. a fiend 9. the bathroom bano Some frlends the bathrooms ‘aber 9 40. the lesson leccién Pee ~ the lessons 20. agi: —_____ egalo some giits ‘Translate into Spanish, For the definitions, refer to the exercise above, answers below 1,2 book bra ithe sessons 2. some chairs _ war sillas 12. the contrecis 3. the lesson 13.some alts 4. some chiokens 14a beer 5. some beers. 15.a bathroom: 6, the house 16. some chairs 7. a painter 17-the bill 8. the contract 18. some books 9. the table 19. some houses = 10. some friends. 20. a table, = 4, of libro, tos fibros: 11. un pollo, unos pollos 1. unlibro 11. fas lecciones: A. 2 lass fos means 1E ene i unas silos 2 unas sitas 42. loseontratos Siscanmscsss, 4 aneontwiounoncortater Siskecia, a arenes & sipaloys oles 4: uns eas unas cason L tmospotos A uracirocn 5 ama esis 415 unnomore unos homes 5 unaeenvesas 1. untano 6 elcontrato,loscontratos 16. unbanco,unos bancos 6, la casa ‘16. unas stiias 7. la cuenta, las cuentas 17, una carta, unas cartas: 7. unpintor, Vi. facuenta & alrogdo|lostegalos, 18. wramigo unos amigos 8, elcontrate 4B. unos libros 2 cluanolosbaten 4, ura conven une corezas Stemess 18, utevenae 10. lalecetn, laa locofones 20: un regalo, unos regelos 410, unosamigos 20. unamesa, Worm Birdy Spanish © 200ia @ = Verbs (action words) ° Cassette 1 sce A Vertis are ihe moving parts of the ‘anguage. You must leam to use verbs spontaneously before you can speak Auidly, This system focuses on verbs and their usage. The infinitive or ‘to form’ of vers in Spanish end with -2F, -ef, oF-ir. You'lllearn the most common -ar verbs first. - Memorize the verbs listed below using the memory tips on the next pages to help you, ‘Test yourself by ng the Spanish columa and tanslating to Spanish. Thea cover the Enulish and wanslate t0 . Finally, vest yourself with the white VerbCands. os i -AR verbs to fix, arrange lena tohelp llevar to dance fimpiar to lower, get out crs whice) mandar. to look for manejar.. . to fill to cary, wear to clean cambiar.. caminar.. cantar cerrar.. cocinar .. to change, exchange _necesitar fowak ordenar.. tosing olvidar. fodose pagar .. fo.cook pasar gor. 10 pass wy, happen, spend tne) to buy pensar je. to think jasouy | jo answer _platicar . to chat comprar. contestar.. dar togive preguntar . to ask, question dejar (de).....t0 leave behind, jw) quit preparar ‘to prepare descansar torest presentar . to introduce empezar to start to tesi, taste | encontrar to find, encounter Yo remove (tem a sutece) escuchar .tolistento recomendar 9 recommend esperar... to wait (for), hope + recordar to remember estar ... {0 be (feetnss - location) | regresar . to retum estudiar to study sacar. to take out, take @ moo) | firmar .. to sign terminar.. to finish, terminate ganar .. .to ear, win tocar to play (an insrument), touch gastar .to spend, waste tomar to. drink, take (a mode of transport) hablar fo speak trabajar. toinvite tratar qe) fo play (@ spor cr game) Sar .. -towash — viaj to arrive-AR verb memory tips Dy - Read each memory tip completely atid out 1oue, Let the chythn of the tip register in your miad. -AR verbs: ARREGLAF arregiar= to arrange, thx. AYUDAR=to heip— When you need help— yell, AH YOU THAR? ayuder =to help. BAILAR = to dance —A BALLERINA is 2 DANCER. bailar =to dance. BAJAR-= te lower, getout (of a vehicle) —BAJA California is LOWER California. dajer=tolower. BUSCAR = to look for — Visualize a BUS-CAR with Tots of people in it, and we are LOOKING FOR. thatBUS-CAR. buscar =to lock for. CAMBIAR = to change, exchange —He CHANGED from CAMBRIDGE to Oxford. ‘cambiar = to change: CAMINAR =to walk — The CAMEL WALKS across the desert caminar = to walk. CANTAR = to sing — The CANTINA is 2 ba in Mexico where men go to drink and SING. tsantar = to sing. CERRAR = to close — They CLOSED the door ‘on SARAH. cerrar = to cose. COCINAR =to cook —Looks like CUISINE. cocinar = to cook, COMPRAR = to buy — COMPARISON shopping: ‘we compare before we BUY. comprar= to buy. CONTESTAR =ta-answer—a CONTESTANT ANSWERS the questions, contestar = fo answer. Dat clve — GIVE your DARLING a kiss. give. a DEJAR (de) =o leave behing, quit DEJA-VUis an experience you LEFT BEHIND, Dejar de ig followed by an infinitive and means to quit (samething).” Gojar= lo leave behind. dejar de=to quit Marly Spach @ 206 ‘arrange, fix—Looks like ARRANGE. DESCANSAR = lo rest—when you REST, you “DE-CANCER’ yoursetl, dessansar = to rest. EMPEZAR = to start, begin — An EMPEROR or a CZAR STARTS a dynasty. empezar = to start, begin. ENCONTRAR =o find, encounter— Looks ike ENCOUNTER. encontrar = to find. ESCUCHAR =o listen lo— Think of the ESCHUCIAN (eustacian) tubes in your EARS. escuchar = to listen. ESPERAR=to wsit (for), hope — We have to WAIT for ESPERANTO, a universal language thatwe HOPE will make Us one world. ‘esperar = fo wait for, hops. ESTAR = to be (iemporary)— Andy Warhol said “everyone willbe A STAR for 19 minutas.” estar = to be (temporary). ESTUDIAR = to study —Looks like STUDY. estudiar = to study. FIRMAR = to sign — We FIRM things up with ‘courSIGNATURE. firmar = to sign. GANAR = loeam, win — Think of GARNERING MONEY, or GAINING MONEY. ganer=to eam, win. : GASTAR = to spend, waste — Think of the GASTLY ‘amount you SPEND on GAS to drive on TAR. gaster= spend, waste. HABLAR = to speak— BLAH-BLAH-BLAH, TALK-TALI-TALK. hablar = to speak INVITAR = to invite — Looks like INVITE. invitar=to invite JUGAR = io play (a spor!) — Think of JUGGLING, ‘recreational SPORT. jugar = to play a sport ora game. LAVAR = fo wash —Looks like LAVA soap and LAVATORY, where you WASH up. lavar=to wah,LLEGAR =to arrive — When ‘GAR’ the Olympic. runner ARRIVED atthe finish line, everyone yelled ‘YEA GAR! ilegar=to arrive. LLENAR =to fill — LENA will FILL the bil llenar = to fi. LLEVAR =o carry, weer — Notice the V in the middle. It's a VESSEL to CARRY things. llevar=to carry. LIMPIAR = to clean — He LIMPED across the CLEAN Toor. limgiar = to clean, MANDAR = to send, mail —Think of the MAILMAN named DAR. ‘mandat = sénd, mall MANEJAR=to drive, manage —Think of MANAGING a CAR down the road. manejar = to drive, manage. NECESITAR =to need —Looks ike NECESSITY. OLVIDAR = to forget — OBLIVION is the stata of tglal FORGETFULNESS. olvider = toforaet. PAGAR = to pay— Looks like PAY. Pagar = to pay. PASAR (por) = 10 pass (by), happen, spend time — Looks like PASS. ‘ pasar=to pass (by), happen, or spend time, PENSAR (en) =10 think (bout) — To be in PENSIVE mood isto bein THOUGHTFUL mood. pensar (en) = to think (about), PLATICAR =to chat — People who CHAT too much ‘aro offen full of LATITUDES. platicar = to chal. PREGUNTAR = to asia question —She ASKED “Whyam | PREGNANT?” preguniar = 10 ask a question. PREPARAR =to prepare — Looks like PREPARE. preparer = toprepare. -AR verb memory tips Ow PRESENTAR = to introduce — When you INTRODUCE someone, you PRESENT thom fo another person, presentar=to intraduce. PROBAR = (o test, taste — When you are on PROBATION. yourbehavioris being TESTED. probar = to test, taste, QUITAR =to remove — when you QUIT ¢ job ‘you REMOVE yourself from it, quitar= toremove RECORDAR =o remember—To RECORD ‘Something in your mind is to REMEMBER it recardar=to remember. RECOMENDAR = to recommend —Looks like RECOMMEND. recomiendar=recommend = to felu— Looks Ik REGRESS. relum, SACAR = to take out, take (2 photo) — TAKE it out ofthe SACK. sacat = take out, take (a photo). TERMINAR =o nish, erminate, end — Looks lke TERMINATE. terminar= to finish, terminate, end. TOCAR = 10 play (an instrument), touch — Looks iiko TOUCH. tocar= to play, touch. TOMAR =o drink, take (a move of tansposation) — “Think of DRINKING TOMATO JUICE ora TOMCOLLINS. tomar = fo rink, TRABAJAR = to vork —He WORKS as @ TROUBADOUR. trabajar=(o work. TRATAR (de) = to ty (to) —Looks like TRY-TRY. ‘ “Tratar de is flowed by an infindive and means to try (something). tratar= to try (e)- USAR = to uso — Looks fke USE. usar = use. i VIAJAR = 10 travel —_We plen to TRAVEL VIA train, | ‘or VIA Mexico City. | Viajar=to travel VISITAR = to visit — Locks lke VISIT. i Vistar = 10 isi ihe ee TH a8 700612 Pf and ‘you’ (formal) In English we use the subject Pronouns |, you, he, she, etc.) with the verb ta indicate who is doing something, ie, | need, you need. In Spanish (even though these subject pronouns exist) the verb endings indicate the people. J To sey "I noad” stert with the infinitive: to need = necesitar B Drop the -ar ending’and add *-o" 4o the stem. necasitar = necesit_ = necesito = | need, Itis the “6” that indicates, “." & To say "youneed” (formal) we drop the -ar ending and add “a” nevesitar = necesit_ tis the "so" that necesita = you need. \dicates “you.” Spanish hes two you's, just ike in English where we have the “you” = you format 1 and first name. “thou” = you 2 informal. show respect. In English the “thou” form has become obsolete in dally if However, in Spanish, both formal and personal forms are used, It is important to use thom appropriately. ‘You usually won't offend people if you use the wrong "you." Spanish-speakers are very forgiving and usually appreciate the fact that you are trying to speak their language. If you don't know a person, it is usually better to use the “You formal” to show respect. Women should use caution NOT to use the personal you (td), with @ man until she develops ‘confidence In him. A man may misinterpret the se of lhe personal you as an invitation to intimacy. If a man is using the personal you (ty) OO te need Freed We sl + jay teed eis ate i In the baginning we will only learn the "you formar” and ‘T" forms of the verb because these are used most often, Notice their position in the verb tree diagram above. They are set in black. Turn to page 19. Leok at the verb tree diagram in the top left corner with all the forms of necesitar. Notice that the black form is necosito. This is the form we are working with on this page Notice the verb tree diagram on page 89. All the forms are black, indicating that we will then be working with all forms. Before you begin any page, look at the verb tree diagram. Notica the form yeu will be working with and visually lock the image of the whole diagram into your mind. Our goal is to know all these forms perfectly. YOU formal (Usted) vs. You personal (td) THE FORMAL YOU (USTED) IS USED WITH: people whem you don't know or whom you don't call by their people who ere in authority over you, or to whom vou wish to 3, people who are older than you. 4. people with whom you have no level of intimacy or confidence. THE PERSONAL YOU (7U) IS USED WITH: 1. people with whom you are on a first-name basis. 2. people with whom you are on equal terms. 3. people who are younger than you. 4, people with whom you have a level of intimacy or confidence. with a woman inappropfietely, she can simply say, Usted, por favor, end he will get the idea. In this course we will Iearn the FORMAL YOU (usted) first. From new on, until Section V, Conjugation, all references to "you" will be to the formal form. You probably won't be on first-name basis with most people, so the formal you will be mere appropriate most of the time, Now let's look at the Power Verbs,a Powet verbs 7 POWER VERBS are verbs that you can conjugate and then add on the inifiniive of ancther vyerb to make a sentence. For example: I NEED to eat, or | NEED fo drink. ‘Agsin, use the power verb, then add an infinitive. - over verb + infinitive ower verb + infinite INEED to eat NECESITO comer. VWANT to drink QUIERO tomar. IMGOING to speak. VvOYA hablar. ; ICAN dance. PUEDO baiiar. ILIKE to. work. ME GUSTA trabajar. IHAVE to order TENGO QUE ordenar. “Here are the POWER VERBS in the '!'end ‘you' forms and then an example of a power verb senterice. “Look these over and then go on to the leaming, steps. Refer to pages 133 and 134, for a complete conjugation of these verbs. Ses NECESITAR -Tonee0| necesito need _ quiero Iwan Necesito ordenar. I need foorder. Quiero ordenar, Iwanttoorder necesita _— younsed quiere Youwent__ Necesita pagar. Youneedtopay. — Quiere pager. You want to pay. PODER - 10 0€ AaLE (CAN) a voy a | am going puedo lean i Voy a ordener. | am going to order. Puedo ordenar. ‘can orde: i vaa Yeu are gong: Puede You can Vaa pager. ‘You are going to. pay. | Puede pagar. ‘You can pay. (TENER QUE - 10 Have TO) GUSTAR Tons imcna uke, ers) me gusta ite tengo Que __ inavero Me gusta ordenar. like to order. Tengo que ondener, I have to order. le gusta Youlite tiene Que __Younaveto _ Le gusta pager. You like to pay. Tiene que pagar. ‘You have to pei aie Flony Spins ©) 200814 "Time frames Qe - Time words idenify when a particular action takes piace. ayer yesterday hoy today mafiana tomorrow pasado mafiana day after tomorrow estamafiana thismoming estatarde thisafiernoon estanoche estasemana estemes thismonth esteafio thisyear este lunes* thisMonday ~ este verano* thissummer estefindesemana thisweekend thisweek unahora anhour cadadia eachday cadamafiana each morning cadatarde eachaftemoon cadanoche eachnight cadasemana eachweek temprano early atiempo ontime farde late mastarde later antes(de) before durante during después(de) after + select days of the week and seasons, soe page 4. Horst Spasiib, © 2004 thisevening, tonight | unavez, otra vez diet toons ©) is cum reeea 0) Ee While reading these pages, listen to the CD J cassette to hear and repeat these words . ya already, thisinstant ahora, ahorita now, rightaway cuantoantes assoonas possible pronto soon . eldesayuno breakfast lacomida lunch lacena dinner nextweek nextmonth nextyear next Vionday* nextsummer* la proximasemana el proximo mes el proximo afio el proximo lunes el proximo verano mafianaenla manana tomorrow (in the) morning mafianaenla tomorrow (in the) tarde afternoon mafianaenla noche tomorrow (in the) night nunca never once, again frequently always frecuentemente siempre fodaviano notyet todavia still entonces thenJD), iso wack 7 2) Cassette 1 sicea Giue words 15 Ow F Glue words are the litle words that glue nouns and verbs togetier. + While ceading these pages, listen to the CD/eassetre to hear und repeat these words. ig these pages, Pe qué what i un poco (de) a little (of) cuando when * suficiente enough dénde where demasiado too much adénde (io) where i : cémo how . quién who este, esta this ..., aquién (to) whom estos, estas these m» por qué why ese, esa that... cuanto how much esos, esas those »» cual which face ! — aqui here y and alli there ° or pero but mas more porque because menos less si if —— todo/a all .... a to nada nothing el i nadie no one casi almost de of, from, about en in, on, at mi-s my sobre on, about CUS YOUF scons IF gossomny FOF, by, through | SUS YOUfwiw, his, her, their APA wy for, in order to _| Nuestrola-s our conmigo with me con usted, contigo With yOu sono con él, con ella with him, with her con nosotros with us n ellos, con ellas, con Uds. with them ,.,, ...you all Waren Ian Spot) 204I Now you are Gotay o tea to make sentences by combitiag Power Verbs with the verb infiives that you have memorized. You will also acd nouns and tine frames. Here is an example of how these sentences wil be formed. Notice how easy itis. POWER VERB | INFINITIVE to drink tomar to study estudiar NOUN PHRASE | TIME FRAME in the moming, en la manana, every day. cada dia. now. ahora, later. més tarde. (to) order ordener to pay pagar to cook cocinar 10 finish terminar tonight. esta nocho. =F LET’S REVIEW: POWER VERBS are verbs to which infinitives can be added, i.e., I need to eat, I want to eai, | can eat, I'm going fo eat, | like fo eat, | have to eat. Refer to the list of vorbs on page 140 for the most common infnitives. These are the one huncired verbs in your VerbCard packet. NOUNS are things and are masculine or femining, singular or plurel. As you do the following pages, you will develop a basic noun vocabulary. TIME FRAMES are phrases that describe the lime when @ particular action takes place. Refer to page 14 as you do the exercises. GLUE WORDS connect nouris and verbs. Refer to page 15 as you do tho exercises. Nowlet’s make sentences,v Section IIT POWER VERB EXERCISES ‘? and ‘You’ (formal)18 Vocabulary preparation ojo P This is the vocabulary that will be used in the following séovon, Study it, Highlight diffieult words, then do the exercises on the n 4, necesito - | need you need to speak 4, estudiar. .» to study 5. sacar... to take ja prow) 6. pagar to pay to invite 7. invitar.. 8, trabajar ... to work 9. viajar, . to travel 40. jugar _ to play (asrot) 11. lavar . to wash 412. contestai .. fo answer 43, usar.. sto use 44. mandar .. to send 45, comprar . to buy 16, buscar . to look for 47. cambiar.. wow to Sigh 20, ordenar to order 24. terminar. tofinish 22. regresar to return 23. llegar . to arrive 24, descansar to rest 25, empezar to begin 26. manojar ... .. to drive 27. espaiiol ... .. Spanish 28. una foto we. a photo, Wane Haiy Seni ey 2004 pages ' 29, ta cuenta. 30. a mi//su amigo 31. tenis 32. mi/su coche.. .. mylyourcar 33. la carta the letter j 34. uno, 2 35. el bajo .. 36. mi dinero .. wes Mymoney 37,mas agua . .. more water 38. una cerveza fra... a cold beer 29. un regalo.. oo 8 gift abank 40. un bance .. 44.2 México to Mexico 42. un recuerdo... a souvenir 43. 1a puerta the door 44, un autobiis.. abus 48, mifsu tanque mylyourtank 46. mi/sumaleta mylyour suitcase 47, mucho... 48. hoy 49, mafiana alot today tomorrow 80. pronto: soon 51. esta noche tonight $2, ahora now 53. gqué 54, cuando .. When (To) where ...7 55. gadénde ..I need = Necesito Look al the verb tree diagram above. Note that necesito ends with an o, indicating ‘I need.” pei AB eb SSE, palin 2 E otie(mj=uno One (= una The personal ‘A’ gos #5) (ooo #1218) “A always precedes a person when the person Is the objectof a verb. Necesito mandar una.tnediematow® —— Necesia invitar advan, =| need tginvite Juan. | Necesito comprar uno. incest buy one im. jYecesito visitar a mi amigo. =| need to visit my Iriend. f . fort pane 39 for fata asctanston Basses Free We the complet ansues inching the words smal prin EPS Refer to the Vocabulary Peenaracion forthe webs answers on page 22 4, need to speak Spanish, Necwsita hablar extant : send 2. | need to study a tet. ruse 3. | need to take 2 photo. __ ane 0 4. | need to pay the bill.” eae 5. | need to invite my friend. at amas 6. | need to work a lot today. rahe 7. | need to travel more. ma 8. | need to play more tennis. sn tents 9. | need to wash my car. sn coche 10. | need to answer the letier. tocar 14, | need to use the bathroom, ‘anvane 12, | need to mail one (f). 43. | nead to buy one (m). need to look for one (rm). Inead to exchange my money, iiinero {noed to drink more water. micaaie iI need to sign the bill, to cmon I need to order a cold beer. na caves te {need to finish today. te Ineed to retum tomorrow. mma {need to arrive goon. pronto J need to rest tonight. st race need to begin today. toy ane Tneed to drive to Maxie, 19 Warier Hirth Spent © 2004Srna Sbanth 2004 _ ni necesita ; Do you.nced? = gNecesita? necesita [necesitan [8 Note that necesita ends with an a, indicating ‘you need! (Forma). ate tre tgat you: Soe pane 12 fer sr expfaaton ef the ‘neronalyau and fe oral You" wiv B Z mCi cE To ask a question © Simply change the inflection in speaking. “The do or does that is used in English quostions is incorporated in the verb In Spanish. 5 b Necesita comer. = Younsedto-eat. —_¢Necesita comer? = Doyouneed to eet? © nwriten Spanish, an upside-down question mark (z)is used at he beginning of a quostion Dan’ ferget to put tin when you waite your answers. EPS Witte the complete awe hang the ote in sll pn, answers on page 22 4_ Do you need to speak Spanish? ‘Necesita hablar espanol? 2. Do you need to study a lot? suche 4. Do you need to take a photo? ina feta ‘a cuenta 4. Do you need to pay the biw? 5. Do you need to invite your friend? av mina 6. Do you need to work a lot today? ache hey 7. Do you need to travel more? mos 8. Do you need to play more tennis? cre tenis 9, Do you need to wash your car? ow coche 40. Do you need to answer the letter? toon ‘uae babs 41, Do you need to use the bathroom?, 42. Do you need to mail a fetter? a carte 48. Do you need to buy a gift? neg 44, Do you need to lock for a bank?. wnisance 45, What do you need to exchange? ea 46, What do you need to drink? 17. What do you need to sign? 48. What do you need to order? eure 419. When do you need fo finish? 20. When do you need to return? SS ee 4. ren do yourneed to errs) 22. When do you need to rest? eg eE hero you Weed HABIA, 24, To where do you need to drive? ee a SC eleNegative answer 1 | To answer in the negative HF Youneediwo nas, The first no € The second no makes the vorb negative (..don') and goes bafore the vorb, le gusta estudiar? Si, me gusta estudiar. f Toyou isitpleasing tostudy? Yes,tome itis pleasing to study. g LEDS. answers on page 54 4, Do you like 10 cook? _jLe guste codinar? 2. Do you like to eat meat? wena eee, 3. Do you like to taste everything? 4. Do you like to chat in Spanish? 5. Do you like to do exercises? todo es eri 6. Do your like to sing? T. Do you like to dance? 3 “ie Do you like to eam a lot of money? . Do you like to spend a lot of money? Do you like to drive in Mexico? - Do you like to watch (ver) television? Bo you ike to writs letters? = Do you like to go to the movie theatre? ieee What kind of music do you like to listen to? (hat do you lke to drink in the morning?, “What do you like to do? 8 aes de sion Which sport do you like to play? ne | ‘What instrument do you like to play? 208 eran iat time do you like to study Spanish? n Go you like to work? ft do you like to read? To) where do you like to travel? (To) Where do you like to walk? EE ene Where do you like to live in México? =a Ee ee 201Noie that me.refers to me, indicating 'I ike’ — ‘It is pleasing to me.’ Me gusta = Like 3 2 there wis) HRyS answers on page 54 1. Hike t0 cook. Me gutta: cosinar 2. like to eat it (f. 3. I like to taste everything once. ‘todo una vez 4, like to chat in Sfanish. 5. Like to. do them (m). 6. [like to sing. SSS 7.1 like to danee. =F &.| like to earn a lot of money. $m eet S.like to-snendalot 10.1 don't like to drive in Mexito: ee 11.1 don't like to watch (ver) it ( at night sen sobs 12.1 dan't like to write them (. OE 1S.1ke to goto there on Sundays tt ne domingo 14.1 like to listen to Mexican music. —.w 15.[ like to drink coffee with cream and sugar. tan emt yar T6.Mike to-do a tot of things. ate conn 17.1 like to play tennis. = eee oe 18.1 Tike to play the guitar. ee 19.1 like to study at 9 in the morning. et iinn 20.1 like to work from Monday through Friday. a hines 3 vernew 21.1 like to read before sleeping, 22.\ like to travel to Mexico. 23.1 like to walk to downtown. haat 2.Niike to live in San Miguel, Waren Hay Spat @ 204gusta? - Me gusta with sf or no as appsopriate. dk with the recording, 2 parmer, or alone. SS 0 your pronunciation. gusta cocinar? = gusta comer fa came? @ gusta probar todo? ‘guste platicar en espanol? gusta hacer ejercicios? = gusta cantar? -gusia baller? gusta ganer dinero? gusta gastar dinero? gusta manejar en México? clase de miisica fe gusta escuchar? fe gusta tomar en fa mafiana? + fe gusta hacer? i deporte le gusta jugar? ‘instrumento le gusta tocar? hota le gusta estudiar espatel? uando le gusta trabajar ? Susnco le gusta leer? le gusta vigjar? le gusta caminar? e le gusia vivir en México? the questions and answers as a spoken exercise!! ise 3 track 14 Cassette | side 8 esemertespon OLeSTCNSAADANSERS ‘ONICARPRIEAROS for page 53 ‘ShuNe,no.. 1. Me gusta cocinar. Si_No.ne. 2. Me gusta comeria Si..Nano.. 3, Me gusta probar todo una vez. Si..Nosne.. 4 Me gusta platicar en espafol. Gi...No,t0... ‘5. Me gusta hacerios. Si..No,no. 8. Me gusta cantar. 7. Me gusta bailar. ‘f..No,n0... 8, Me gusta ganar mucho, 9. Me gusta gastar mucho dinero. SI..No. Si. Nos a 37..Ne,no...10. Me gusta manejer en México, Si. No, no... Me gusta verla en la noche. Si. Ne, ro -12. Me gusta escribites. S1..No.no...13, Me gusta ir alll [os damingos. 14. MMe gusta escuchar misica mexicana. 15. Me gusta tomar caié con crema y azticar. 16. Me gusta hacer muchas eocas, 17. Me gusta jugar tenis, 18. Me gusta tocar la puitarra 49. Me gusta estudiar a les nueve en la maftana. 20. Me gusta trabajar de lunes a viernes, 21. Mo gusta leer antes de dormir. 22. Me gusla viejar a M&xico, 23, Me gusta caminar al centro, 24, Me gusa vivir en San Miguel,[B5) wm ren 1, Do you lke to cook? 2. Do you lke to est moat? 9. Do you like to taste everything? 4, Do you like to chat in Spanish? 5, Do you like to do exercises? 8. Do you fke to sing? 7. Do you tke to dance? 8, Do you like to ean money? 8. Do you like to spend money? 10. Do you like to drive'in México? 11.00 you like to watch television? 12. Do yourtike to writs lotters? 18. Do you like to go the movie theatre? 14. What kind of music do you like to fisien to? 15. What do you like to drink in the morning? 18. What do you like to do? 17. Which sport do you lke to play? 18. What instrument do you like to play? 18. What time do you ike to study Spanish? 20.When do you lke to work ? 21. When do you like to read? 22. (Te) where do you like to travel? 3. To} Where do you like to wali? 24. Where do you like to live in México? Do you like? -Tlike 55 Oa is is the English version of the questions atd answers on the preceding page, onee them into Spanish orally until you'can do it easily Highlight the words thar give you problems. Yoo. Now! 1.1 (don't) like to cook, Yes... No 2. | (Cont) Ike to eat it (9) Yes... No.3. | (ort) lke to taste everything onde. Yes — Now. 4. | (don't) Ike to chat in Spanish ‘Yos...No.. 5. | (don't) like to do thom (mi). Yoru No. 8. 1 (dent) ike to'sing. Yes. Now 7.1 (don't) like to dance. | 8.1 (don't) like tocar a lot. Yea. wax 9.1 (don't) like to spend a Iot of money. Yes... No.1. 1 (€on') fke to drive in Mexico, Yeo Nou. 14.1 (don't) ike to watch it (2) at night. Yes... No.. 12. | (dom) like to write them (f) ‘Yes = Now 13.1 (don't) ke to go fo there on Sundays, 14. [ke to listen to Mexican music. 18. | ke to rink coffee with cream and suger. 16. | ke to do.a fet of things. 17. LIke to play tennis. 48. Ike to play the guitar. 19. Ilike to study at 9 in the moming. 20. | like to work Monday through Friday. 21. ike t9 read before sleeping. 22. lke to travel to Mexico, 23. I lke to walk to downtown. 24, | like to live in San Miguel. Yor. Wo,Vocab S j me WR ocabulary quiz ; 54. possible 4 .G wrong & oral score . | [you gor43 correct, congratulations! Se any & Retest yourself on the items you missed. Quis yourself on the vocabulary fe Ts oneITSrSERCROROTY FT ee feo stalled lanswreraconpete 4.1 ke 29. the history 2. youlike 30. the table 3. toleave 31. the chairs 4. toartive 32. the stairs 5. to write 6. to forget B3theshoees 34, the contract 7. to bring 36. the boys, 8. togive 36. the restaurant 9. tolearn 37. the man 10.tounderstand __* 38. the woman 14. tolive 39. the room 12. to rest 40. the meat 48. to put, 41, everything 14. to lose 42, the exercises 15. to. soe 43, the music 16. to know, 44. the movie theatre 47. to move (something), 45. the sport 18. togo up 4g. the instrument 19. to wear, carry 47. the cream 20. to sign 48. the sugar 21. to.follow 49. things. 22. to recommend 50. downtown 23. to ask for 24. to say. 51. under 52, Monday through Friday 25. the number 2thecandies 27. the flowerpot 53. every day. 28. the film, 54, what kind of? Sbeaib © 2004te you have to Ihave to . to spend . towash . to think to close to change to look for 9. hablar - to speak 40. recordar. to remember to clean to read ‘41. limptar. 42leer..... 43. conseguir. i4.descansar . “48. contestar . . to get to rest to answer to arrive to leave to eat + tobe to travel to live to bring to earn, win to sell to leave behind towalk to steep fo pass there isithere are Sig the vocabulary thar will be used in the Following section. y it, hgalight difficult words, then do the exercises on the next payes. 30. sulmi ropa... 31.el peri 32. mileccién. . 33, mihijo.. 34.el cambio 36. calor... 36. un toléfono ..... 37.afios ... 38. hambre.... 38. prisa...... ee 40. los boletos ... Af sed 1... 42. tiempo . 43, miedo 44, suefio 45, café 0 t6 46. recados 47. Mlamadas . 48, gente . 49, estudiantes . 50. instrucciones .. 5i. una reservacion .... 52. cebollas -.....-..-. 53.tren... 54. flores ..... 55. délares 56. paginas... 57.con quién 50. para. EEE O00 Vocabulary preparation 57 @jo yourimy clothes the noy my lesson wspaper myson Ithe] change heat a telephone - years hunger hurry the tickets thirst time fear sleepiness, dream coffee or tea messages calls people students instructions 8 reservation onions train flowers dollars pages with whom for Ware Hay Spat 200658 Do you have to? = :Tiene que? asus que [tenemos Note that ffene ends with an e, indicating ‘you have (to)! (formal) When que is added to tener, ii makes the expression fener que = "to have to’ Tener que is followed by an infinitive ('to’ form of a verb), e.g. 4 Tiéne que ir? Lea SUE © Ropa= clothes ise, Ropa is always singular, as in ‘clothing ttis.a collective term EdS answers oa page 60 1. Do you have to spend less money? sTiene-que gastar menos dinero? 2. Do you have to wash your clothes? sir0p0 3. Do you have to think about it (m)? 4. Do you have to close the door? __ 9. DO you have to exchange your money? 8. Do you have to look for a bank? 7. Do you have to use the restroom? 8. Do you have to remember the address? tadireccion ‘8. Do you have to clean the bathroom? 10.What do you have to read every moming? 11. When do you have to study?. 12. What do you have to prepare? 18, What co you have to gat in the market? en aimee 14. When do you have to rest? 15. When do you have to answer the letter? 16. Atwhat fime do you have to arrive? 17. Atwhat time do you haveto leave? 18. When do you have to return? gosWhen co you hays fo, iP) =e eee 20.'Wwherr de you'tiewe to work? 21. What time do you have to eat? a See a po Wiss cise have be tp eee = 23. To where co you have to go? ee eee 24. With whom co you have to speak? cream Harty Spnirt © 2008qtetior a “ete that fengo ends with an o, indicating ‘have (to). fs) answers on page 60 1. Shave to spend less. Tiygo gue estar menos fa es 2. Ihave to wash it (/). = ee ee 3. | have to thinks about it (m)a title more om pos ee n SSS 4. Ihave to close it (p. 5. I have to exchange it (m) as soon as possible. smtp antes 8.1 have to look for one (mn), 7. | have to use it (7). 8 | have to remember it (9). = 2. | have to clean it (m) 2 Ihave to read the newspaper every morning, ee eran 71. Shave to study every day, eee #2 I have to prepare my lesson, im ecc08 SFE thave to geta gift for my son. ral eee #. | have to rest tonight before the party. ee Ihave to answor it (f) today. | have to arrive at 3 o'clock, {have to leave at 14 o'clock. Thave to return early in the morning. | have to finish as soon as possiblo. ‘unpre sn maar = is ss © ee eee | have to work tomoraw before playing tennis. F Shave to eat before 6 o'clock, ew beineretomenyy ae i SI have to go to the bank. 5 sites de ta 5085 ee Thave to speak with my wife. sa T have to = Tengo que 59Ts > éTiene que? Tengo que s cig tk Dy 2 : Bssecresson (ra ; sees (85, Use the questions and answers as a spoken exercise, ~ Answer with «or ne as appropriate. Work with the recotding, a partner, or alone. = ‘Focus on your pronunciation, '. A for page 58 for page 59 1. cTiene que gastar menos dinero? ‘S.Nore., 1. Tengo que gasiar menos. 2. ¢Tlene que lavar su ropa? StaNome. 2. Tengo que lavarla, 3. eTiene que pensarlo? ‘iNom.. 3. Tengo que pensario un poco mas, 4. eTrene que cerrar la puorta? S.-Nane. 4. Tengo que cerrarta 2Tene que cambiar su dinero? Siam. 5. Tengo: que cambiaro ‘cuanto antes. éTiene que buscar un banes? Si.tlane 6. Tengo que buscar uno. | éTiene que usar of baiio? Stowe... 7. Tengo que usarlo, B cTiene que recordar la dreecién? —si-tooox 8. Tengo que’ recordar: ZTiene que limpiar al bafio? Si.Nino~ 9. Tengo que limpiarlo, 4006 tione que leer cada manana? 10. Tengo que leer e! periddico cade mafiana. | eCuando tiene que estudiar? 11. Tengo que estudiar cada dia. 2Qué tiene que preparar? 12. Tengo que preparar mi leccién, €Qué tiene que conseguir en el mercado? 13. Tengo que conseguir tin regalo para mi fifo, - 1. gHay cafe? No, no hay. 2. yHey suficiente tiempo? Si hay. 3. gHay recados? SI, hay tres. 4, zHay llamadas para mi? No, no hay. 5. gHay mucha gente alli? Si, hay. &. eCuantoe ostudiantes hey? Hay veints, T. Hay instruccionas? Si, hay. 8. gHay una reservacion pare el Sefior Smith? Si, hay una. ‘8. {Cudntss sillas hay? ay seis, 40. cHay un boleto pare José? No, no hay. Sponit © 2004 1, Do you have change? I don't have change. 2, Ate you hot? Yes, I'm very hot. 3. Do you have (a) telephone? Yes, | have (a) telephone. 4, How old are you? Im forty years old. 5. When do you have to go? Ihave ta go today. 6. Are you hungry? ‘Yes, I'm hungry. T. Are you in.a hurry right now? No, I'm not ine hurry. 8. How many tickets do you have? have three. 9. Are you thirsty? Yes, I'm very thirsty. 10. Do you have time? Yes, | have time. 1. Is there coffee? No, there Isn't. 2. Is there enough time? Yes, there is. 3. Are there messages? Yes, there are three 4. Are there calls for me? No, there aren't any. 5. Are there a lot of people there? Yes, there are. 6. How many students ere there? ‘There are twenty. 7. Are there instructions? Yes, there are. 8. Is there a reservation for Mr. Smith? Yes, there is one. 9. How many chairs are there? ‘There are Six 10. Is there a ticket for Jose? No, there isn’t.and pare can both mean for but they heve different uses. is.a simple explanation that works most of the time: Later we will siudy other uses, POR = T.T.M.T. generally refers to THROUGH, TIME, MONEY, TRANSPORTATION: T.T.M.T. THROUGH Voy por el parque, = I'm going through the park. Time Necesita trabajar por dos horas. | need to work for two hours. Voy @ viajar por dos meses. = I'm going to travel for two months. Money or QUANTITY Quiero comprarlo por mil pesos. = | want to buy it for 2 thousand pesos. Voy a vendlerio por veinte doleres. = I'm going sell it for twenty dollars. ‘TRANSPORTATION: by Me gusta viajar por avion. = | lke to revel by alrpiane. PARA =11.D.D. (SMS generally means INTENDED FOR or IN ORDER TO. INTENDED FOR SOMEONE: EI dinero es para mi. = The moneyis for me. para ti. for you (famitar) para él, ella, Ud. for him, for her, for you para nosotros = for us para olles, elias, Uds. = for them (m, 9, for you all INTENDED FOR SOMETHING: La crema es para el café. = The cream is for the coffee. Lallavees para la casa. = The key is for the house. In_oRDER TO Necesito estudiar para hablar espaiiol. = | need to study in order to speak Spanish. \Necesito selir hora para llegar a tiempo. = | need leave now in order to arrive on time. DESTINATION Voy a salir para México manana. = I'm going to leave for Mexico tomorrow. ! autobiis para Chiapas va a salir ahora. = The bus for Chiapas is going to leave now. DEADLINE Es para maftana. = I's for tomorrow. Tengo que hacerlo para al domingo. have to’do it for Sunday. Por vs. pata i "| AGREES oa A Wares Hy Spent 200666 Pot vs. para POR = T.T.M.T. 4. Through 2. Time 3. Money 4, Transportation Flin the costeet form of por or pana, then indicate the reason for using por or para by answers on next page 1. Voy a salir por _ dos horas. 2. Necesito cebollas_la sopa. 3. Voy a viajar _ tren. 4. Quiero viviren México___dos ios. 5. Me gusta traer flores, Maria. 6. Tengo que comprar Un regalo mri hija. 7.Noy a cambiar délares ___ pesos. 8. Necesito ganar més dinero pagar rris quentas. 9. Tengo que salir__jos Estados Unidos pronto. 410. Tengo que terminerlo_mafiane. 11, Quiero venderlas _ ocho pesos. 412. Tengo que trabaiar__dos semanas mas 13. Voy a dejar mi bolsa aqut__ ahora. 14. E8te libroes__ usted. 15. Me gusta lear veinte paginas _dia. 16. Quiero delar un recto __ Juan. 17. Me gusta caminar___ol parque, 18, Tengo que dormr ___ ocho horas. 19, Tengo que pasar__¢! centro para llegar a mi oficina 20, Necesito fimpiar la cocina ‘esta noche. in Tandy Sani © 2004 PARA = 1.1.D.D. 5. Intended for 6. In order to 7. Destination 8, Deadline translate the sentence and referring to the numbers above. a going to leave for two hours. 1 2. a 3. s 4 4 6 5 ba 6 7 1 a 8 qo 10. 10. 14. 11. [ a 13: 19, 14, 44. 15. 15. 10, 16. qqio ee ae AD. Aenea 49 spe ee 20 20Dise2 track 2 answers to previous page g shen the Frosh colurnn inte Spanish, 1. Voy a salir por dos horas. 2. Nesesito cebollas para la sopa, 3. Voy a vigiar por tren, 4, Quiero vivir en México por dos aftos. 5. Me gusta traer flores para Maria, 6. Tengo que comprar un regalo para mi hia. 7. Voy a cambiar dolares por pesos. 8. Necesito genar mas dinero para pagar mis cusnias. 9. Tengo que salir para los Estados Unidos. pronto. 10. Tengo que terminarlo para majiana. 11. Quiero venderlas por ocho pesos, 12. Tengo que trabejer por dos semanas més. 13. Voy a dejar mi bolsa aqui por zhora 14. Este libro es para usted. 15. Me gusta leer veinte paginas por dia. 18. Quiero dejar un recado para Juan, 17. Me gusia caminar por el parque. 18. Tengo que domir por oche horas . 19. Tengo que pasar por el cantro para llegar a mi oficina. 20. Necesito limpiar la cocina para esta noche. ~Porvs. pata 67 SS Asaspoken exorcise translate rhe Spaaish column isto English, 1. I'm going to leave for two hours. 2. | need onions for the soup. 3. I'm going to travel by train, 4. L want io live in Mexico for two years. 5. ike to bring flowers for Maria, 6. [have to buy a gift for my daughter. 7. I'm going to change dollars for pescs. 8. [need to eam more money in order to pay my bills. 9. | have to leave for the United States soon. 10.1 have to finish t for tomorrow. 11.1 want to sell them (f) for eight pesos. 412.1 have to work for two more weeks. 13.1'm going to leave my bag here for now. 14, This book is for you. 15.1 like to read twenty pages per day. 46.1 want to leave @ message for Juan. 17. | like to walk through the park. 48. have to sleep for eight hours. 49. | have to pass through downtown to anfve at my office. - 20. | need to clean the kitchen for tonigh! yo Naan own woa68 Vocabulary quiz Q Quiz yourself on the vocabulary, yp You just studied, answers on page $7 1. you have to 2. Ihave to 3.to spend 4, to wash 5. tothink 6. to close 7.to change 8. to look for 9. to speak. 10. to remember mm = = me 8 possible wrong total score If you got 46 cozrect, congratulations! Retest yourself on the items you missed. 30. your/my clothes 31. the newspaper 92.my lesson 23, my son 34. [the] change a 35. heat 36. 2 telephone 97. years 38. hunger 39, hurry 11, to clean 40. [the] tickets 12.toread 44 thirst 13. to.got 42. time 14.to rest 43. fear 16. to answer 16. toarive 17. io leave, go out 18. toeat 19. to be (location) 20. to travel 21. tollve 22. to bring 23.10 earn, win 44. sleepiness, dream 45, coffee or toa 46, messages 47. calls, 49, students SO.instuctions 48. people 51. a reservation , 24. to sell 25.10 leave behind _ 26. to walk 55. dollars 27. to sleep 56. pages 2B.topass 29. there isithere are. S7.withwhom Soi ee eS 52. onions 53. train Sa flowersSection [IV POWER VERBS REVIEW ‘l’ and ‘You’ (formal)P and ‘you’ (formal) EPS answers on next page 70 Power verbs integration quiz 1. | need 25. You like 2. You need 26. | need 3. | want. 27. | want 4. You want 28. You have to 5. I'm going to 29. You can 6. You're going to 30. You need 7. lean 31.1 need 8. You can 32. You want 9. | have to 33. | like 10. You have to 34. I can, { 11. Mike 35. | have to 12. You like 36. | want 13. You want 37. I'm going to 14. | need 38. You can 15. I'm going to 39. You'te going to 16. You have to 40. You like 17. | want 41. | need 18. | like 42. You have to 19. You need 43. You need 20. I have to 44, I'm going to 21. You're going to 45. ifike 22. | can 46. | have fo 23. You need 47. I'm going to 24. I'm going to 48. You want a Spans © 2008eee tots Power verbs integration 71 Coe tae'k z P and ‘you’ (formal) J OO» +Y AND ‘YOU’ (UD.) FORMS This is a timed cxectise. Set your clock for three minutes, ‘Translate from English to Spanish. 41. | need Necesito 25. You like Le gusta 2. You need Necesita 26. | need Necesito 3. | want Quiero 27. |want Quiero 4. You want Quiere 28. You have to ‘Tiene que 5. I'm going to Voy a 28. You can Puede 6. You're goingto Vaa 30. You need Necesita 7. 1can Puedo 31. | need Necesito 8. You can Puede 32. You want Quiere 9. | have to Tengo que 33. | like Me gusia 10. You have to Tiene que 34. | can Puedo 11. | like Me gusta 35. | have to Tengo que 12. You like Le gusta 36. | want Quiero 13 You want Quiere 37. I'm going to Voy a 14. | need Necesito 38. You can Puede 15. I'm going to Voy a 39. You're goingto Vaa 16. You have to Tiene que 40. You like Le gusta 17.1 want Quiero, 41.1 need Necesito 18. Vike Me gusta 42. You have to Tiene que 19. You need Necesita 43. You need Necesita 20. | have to Tengo que 44. I'm going to Voy a 21. You're goingto Vaa 45. | like Me gusta 22. | can Puedo 46. | have to Tengo que 23. You need Necesita 47. I'm going to Vo3 24. I'm going to Voy a 48. You went72 Common verbs quiz 89. possible a G _____ wrong & total score oo ' Ifyou got 71 correct, congratulations! Retest yourself on the items you missed. SE answers on next page 44. preparar, 88, escuchar 1. creer, 45. dojar (de) 2 tlenar 48. pedir 3. tratar (46) 47. presentar ' 4. cocinar, poten aa = 49, comprar ' Gani 50. estudiar home 51. aprender = 8. esperar 52. probar ' 9. limpisr 53. hablar 10. teer a= 411. bailar aes 42 manday_ gar 18, decidir eee ee SS ee Oe rehire eee 19. ordenar 64. conseguir ita 65. descansar : : 66. buscar 2 SSS EB 23. lavar 68. recomendar 24, usar 69. Hlegar 25, mover 10 recorear 28. seguir —— 7ivrecibir 2. pasar(por)_ ay ajar 28. arreglar 73. regresar { eevee zeae 30. pensar (en) 75. sacar | 31. conocer 76. contestar 32, caminar 77. terminar. { 23. abrir 78. ganar 34. platicar 72. correr 35. ser — 80.tomar : 36. invitar. 81. dar 31. empezar 22, trabajar { 38. or 83, cambiar 39. tocar a, doef 7 40. preguntar 85. viajar 42. traer 87. olvidar 43. gastar Seoscer a Winery: Hey Sends © 200A then the English eolamn into Spans answers to previous page ‘reer, + to believe = tofil totry (to) + tocook + to be (feelings - location) + tolive + to carry, wear - to wait (for), hope,expect ‘S.esperar ... 9. limpiar ... to clean 10.leer... to read 11. bailar. to dance to mail, send to decide tosign tounderstand 46, manejar... to drive, manage W. comer... to oat 48. necesitar....... 10 need 48. ordenar toorder 20. visitar + tovisit 21.ir. togo 22. pagar . to pay 2. tavar. - towash 24. usar vss touse 25. mover. + 10 Move something) 26. seguir.......... to follow 27. pasar (por) fopass iy), happen, spend fans) 28. arreglar. to fix, arrange 28. venir. tocome 30. pensar (en) ..... to think jarous 31. conocer... 32. caminar 33. abrir , 34. platicar . 10 know, meet person or stace) to walk + toopen tochat a 35. ser seesees to be (permanent, 36, invitar. to invite ‘37. empezar ....... tostart, begin £88. OFS. to hear 39, tocar. ++ £0 play en inatumeng, touch 40. preguntar ‘to ask, question At cenar. toclose 42, traer to bring + to spend, waste to prepare Common vetbs quiz answers 73 Oy ‘AS2 spohes exercise ranslate dhe Spanish Gokima iain atch, 45. dejar (de) ++ to leave behind, (wide) quit 48. pedir... toaskfor 47. presentar. to introduce 48. salir . 9 leave, 90 out 49. comprar to buy 50, ostudiar tostucy 51. aprender to learn 52, probar .. + fo test, taste 53. hablar .....,... tospeak 84, subir + £0 G0 up, get into ja vricw) 55. encontrar....... to find, encounter 56. jugar, . + 10 play (2 sport or gam) ST. perder ......... tolose 58. escribir . + towrite 59. quitar fo remove 60. ayudar tohelp 1. vonder tosell 62. cantar. tosing 63. poner toput 64. consoguir ...... to get, obtain 65, descansar ...... torost 66. buscar. {0 look for 87. dormir ......... tosleep 98. recomendar .... fo recommend 69. llegar .......... to arrive 70. recordar. + fo remember 71. recibir . + to-receive 72, bajar. + 10 lower, get out (ofa voici 73. regresar........ to rotum 74.ver. + 10 see, watch 75. sacar. + f0 take out, take (a photo) 76. contestar . to answer q 77. terminar. to finish, terminate 78. ganar.......... to eam, win | 79. correr . to run, flow | 80. tomar... ..e++4 t0 drink, take (mode of tarspord | 81. car. - to give 82. trabajar. to work 83. cambiar... to chang, exchange 84, decir. to say, tell 86, viajar to travel I 86. saber .... to know citernaton) 87, olvidar ....-..4, to forget cal 88 hacer... to do, make 29. escuchar ....... tolisten-to74 Power verbs review SPE answers on next page 1. ¢Cuanco necesita cambiar su dinero? Neessito cambiar mi dinero hoy. 2. eQué necesita pagar? = Necesito pagar la cuenta. 3. gPuede encontrar ef libro? se No puedo encontrar. 4. Va a arregler su coche?. Si, voy @ arreglarlo hoy. —— 5. (Qué va a firmar? Voy a firmar la cuenta. 6. ¢Qué quiere comer? Quiero comer huevos rancheros. Soe 7. gAdiinde quiore ir? a Quiero ir al mercado, _ ee 8. 2Qué va a hacer hoy? Voy a estudiar por dos horas. 8. eCuando tiene que salir para México? ‘Tengo que salir en ta matiana después de* comer 10. gCuando quiere regresar? _ ss Quiero regresar pronto. re 11. {Cuanto puede pagar por el regalo? No puedo pagar mucho. 12, 2cuinco va a cambiar cu diners? Vey acambiaio ent manana WS. evaateeriocataatoe? Si, voy-a leetia a 14. zCutndo pueds hacaro para mi? SSS Puedo hacerlo manana después de trabajar. ee ee 16. ENecesita cescansar? = ee Si, necesito descansar (por) una hora Se * Rotorto page 31 to review aespees do and antes de Spesui 19 2004Power verbs review 75 UEDS answers on previous page 4. When do you need to change yourmoney?_— I need to exchange my money today, 2. What do you need to pay? I need to pay the bil 3. Can you find the book? | can't find it (m).. 4. Are you going to fix your car? I'm going to fix it today. 5. What are you going to sign? SEE 'm going to sign the bill. 6. What do you want to eat? {want to eat ranch eggs. ———— eS 7. (Te) where do you want to go?» | want to go to the market. 8. What are you going to do today? I'm going to study for two hours. 9. When do you have to leave for Mexico? | have to leave in the moming after eating 40. When do you want to return? | want to return soon. 14. How much can you pay for the gift? | can't pay 2 lot 12. When: are you going to exchange your money? I'm going to exchange it in the morning. 1. Are you going to read the letter now? Yes, I'm going to read it, 44,When can you do itforme?_— 45. Do you need to rest? Yes, | need to rest (for) an hour.76 Power vetbs review “EDS | answers on page 79 1. Whal time do you need ta work?, | need to wark lomorrow at 8:09. 2. How much do you want to earn’? | want to earn 500 pesos per month tanec pesos per met 3. To where are you going to travel? I'm going to travel to Mexico. 4. Do you want to drive your car? _ Yes, | want to arive it 5. What do you Fike to cook? | like to cook Chinese food, 6. Where can you exchange your monay? can exchange it ir the bank. 7.When do you need to prepare it? | nead to prepare it now. 8. When do you have to answer the letter? _ before Saturday. Ihave to anew 9. Areyou going to close the store early? Yes, 11m going to close it early. —— er 10, Do you want to buy a gift? Yes, | want to buy one. 11. Can you play tennis very well? No, | can't play very wel 12. Are you going lo go to the slore now? - No, 'm not going to go now: ee ee ee 13. Do you need to think about it (rm) a itle more? npn Yes, need to think about ita litle more, 14. What do you want to drink? Se I want to drink a cold beer Sr 18: What lime are you going to quitworking? Vim golng to quit working at S o'clock, 16. When do you have to pay the bil? Thaveto payitnext week a pecan Warpea Horéy Spanish © 2064Power verbs review 75 BPS answers on previous page i 4, When do you need to change your money? | need to exchange my money today. 2. What do you need to pay? [need to pay the bil 3, Can you find the book? | can't find it fm). 4, Are you going to fix your car? tim going to fix it today. 5, What are you going to sign? I'm going to sign the bill 6. What do you want ta eat? want to eat ranch eggs. T. (To) where do you want to go? I want fo go to the market. 8. What are you going to do today? Tm going to study for two hours. 9. When do you have to leave for Mexico? Ihave to leave in the moming after eating. 410. When do you want to return? I want to return soon, 11. How much can you pay for the gift? can't pay a lot. 42. Whe are you going to exctiange your money? I'm going to exchange it in the moming. 13. Are you going to read the letter now? Yes, !imgolngtoreadit, 44. When can you do itfor me? J can-do it tomorrow after working.. 15. Do you need to rest? ‘Yes, I need to rest (for) an hour.76 Power verbs review EDS } answers on page 79 1. What time do you need to work? | need to work tomorrow at 8:00. . eee I want to eam 500 pesos per month ‘tions pace por mes ee 4. Do you want to crive your ear? Yes, | want to drive it. 2. How much co you want to eam? 3. To where are you going to travel? Tm going to travel to Mexico. = EE Se eee 5. What do you tke (© cook? we Hike 16 cook Chinese food eee 8. Where ean you exchange your money? EE Ee = __ ee Jean exchange it in the bank, 7. When do you need to prepare it? I need to prepare it now. 8. When do you have. to answer the letter? have to answer it before Saturday. 8. Ate you going to close the store early? Yes, I'm going to close it early. 10. Do you want to buy a gift? ee ‘Yes, | want to buy one. eee 14. Can you piay tennis very well? No, | cen't play very well a 12. Are you going to go to the store now? —<——— 13. Do you need to think about it (mm) a ftte more? Yes, | need to think about ita little more. | { 14. What do you want to dine? : st No, I'm not going to go now. I want to drink a cold beer. 18. What time are you going to quit working? I'm going to quit working at § o'clock 16. When do you have to pay the bil? Theve to pay it next week. Hanis Spent © 2004Power verbs review 77 S answers an page 80 % What time do you want to leave (from) the office? i Are yougoingtoaskforthe bil? Yes, mgoing toask foritnow. 2. Can you sell your products in Mexico? Nes, ican wellthem here, 20. Where do you want to sleep tonight? {want to sleep in the hotel. 21. Do you like ‘0 write letters? EE EEE eee No, | don't like to write them. 22. Do you have to run every day? Yes, | have to run every day. 23, Do you want to see a movie? lapels Yes, I want to see one. 24. Where do you want to live next year? (want to live in Cancun, 25. Can you understand me? No, | can't understand you (in). 28. When are you going to learn Spanish?. I'm going to learn Spanish this year. 27. What do you like to eat in the morning? Hike to eat fruit and toast. {rua y pan tostado: 28. Da you want to go cut with me’? Yes, I want to go out with you. 29. Can you believe it? SS No, Ican'tbelieve it, 30. Do you need to see a doctor? oto No. I don't need to see one (m). : 31. When do you have to receive the check? sigan Uhave to receive itbefore nextweek, 82. Where are you going to get on the bus? I'm going to get on here. 33, How long do you like to sleep? | like to steep (for) eight hours. (2) 9 6fora etpixime sc78 Power verbs review EPS answers on page $1 34. What do you want to read? I want to road this book. 35. Can you follow Juan? : Yes, | can follow hin. 36. Can you go with me tomarrow moming? Yes, | can go with you SSS eee 37. Where do you have to be tomorrow? I have to be in class, 38. Where do you want to pul the (rut? ——— eS | want to put it in the kitchen, en coors ee 39. When can you get tlekets for the movie? bole —— J can get them on Sunday. 40. What do you like to do in ths afternoons? | like to play with the children, 41, Can you hear me? a ee Yes, | can hear you (m). i 42. Are you going to go to the party? ee Yes, but I'm going to go a litle tate. 1 po tare fs SS 43. What do you need to bring for the party? i need to bring a bottle of wine. 44. When do you have to know? - ave te inowas sconas possbia. 45..Do you went to meet my wile? Yes, | want to meot her. 46. When are you going to have time (n dart) to study? I'm going to have time tonight. 47. Do you want to be my friend (mm)? Yes, | went to be your friend. Do you want to go to the party with me? Yes, I want to-go with you, _ En Se |. Gan you do it today? $$ ‘Yes, | can do it ee eee you have to come early? No, I don't have to come early. © 204to page 76 Asay then the Engish column into Spanish A qué hora necesita trebajar? to trabajar mafiana a las ocho. Guanto quiere ganar? jiero ganar quinientos pesos por mes. @fAdénde va a viajar? Noy a vigjar a México, gQuiere manejar su coche? Sj, quiero manejario. 5. 2Qué le gusta cocinar? ‘Me gusta cocinar comida china. 6. {Dénde puede cambiar su dinero? Puedo cambiarlo en el banco. T. iCuando necesita preparario? Necesito prepararlo ahora, 8. {Cuando tiene que contestar la carta? 9. {Va cerrar la tienda temprano? Si, Voy a carraria temprano. 10. ¢Quiere comprar un regalo? ‘Si, Quiero comprar uno. 11. gPuede jugar tenis muy bien? No, no puedo jugar muy bien. 12. ¢Va aira la tienda ahora? No, no voy a ir ahora, 43. gNecesita pensarlo un poco mas? Si, necesito pensarlo un poco més. 14, {Qué quiere tomar? Quiero tomar una cerveza fia. 15.¢A qué hora va @ dejer de trabajar? Voy a dejar de trabajar a les cinco. 16. 4Cuando tiene que pagar la cuenta? ‘Tengo que pagaria la proxima semana. Tengo que contestarla antes del sabado. Power verbs review, answers 72 Sy sken exercise wandlae dhe Spanish goluma into English, . At what time do you need to work? Inged to work tomorrow at eight. How much do you want to eam? | want to eam 500 pesos per month. . To where are you going to travel? I'm going to travel to Mexico. .. Do you want to drive your car? ‘Yes, | want to drive it. . What do you like to cook? ike to cook Chinese food. . Where can you exchange your money? | can exchange it in the bank. 7. When do you need to prepare it? | need to prepare it now. When do you have to answer the letter? Ihave to answer it before Saturday. 9. Are you going to close the store early? Yas, I'm going to close it.early. 10. Do you want to buy a git? Yes, | want to buy one, 41. Can you play tennis very well? No, I can't play very well 12, Ave you going io go to the store now? No, I'm not going to go now. 13, Do you need to think about it (m) a little more? Yes, | need to think about it 4 little more. 14. What do you want to drink? | want to drink a cold beer. 16. At what time are you going to quit working? I'm going to quit working at 5 o'clock. 16. When do you have to pay the bil | have to pay it next week. = N 2 s o 2 280 Power verbs review O» wp Ava api then che Ba A ih columa into Spanish. 47. (A qué hora quiere salir de la oficina? Quiero salir a las cinco. 48. ;Va a pedir ta cuenta? Si, voy a pedirta ahora. 49, ,Puede vender sus productes en México? Si, puedo venderlos aqui. 20. ;Donde quiere dormir esta noche? Quiero dormir en el hotel. 21, jLe gusta escribir cartas? No, no me gusta escribirlas. 22. :Tiene que correr cada dia? Si, tengo que carrer cada dia. 23. ,Quiere ver una pelicula? Si, quiero ver una. 24. zDbnde quiere vivir el proximo fio? Quiero vivir en Cancin. 25. ,Puede entenderme? No, no puedo entenderla 26. ,Cuando va @ aprender espatiol? Voy a aorender espafiol este afio. 27. £Qué le gusia comer en la mafiana? Me gusta comer fruta y pan tostado. 28. .Quiere salir conmigo? Si, quiero salir con Ud. 29. gPuede creerio? No, no puedo creerlo. 30. ~Nevesita ver a un doctor? No, no necesito ver a uno. 31. gCuanco tiene que recibir el cheque? ‘Tengo que recbilo antes de fa proxina semane. 32. gDonde va a subir al autobus? Voy a subir aqui 33. gCudmnto tiempo !e gusta dormir? Me guste dormir (por) acho horas. laniy Spoisk 2008 ise 2 track 5 Gascete 2 side A © nish opium into English, 47. At what ime do you want to leave the office? I want to leave at 5:00. 18. Are you going to ask for the bil? Yes, I'm going to ask for it now. 49. Can you sell your products in Mexico? ‘Yes, | can sell them here. 20. Where do you want to sleep tonight? I want to sieep in the hotel. 21.Do you like to write letters? No, | don't like to write them. 22..Do you have to run every day? ‘Yes, | have to run every day. 23. Do you went o see a movie? Yes, | want to see one. 24. Where do you want to live next year? I want to live in Canciin. 25. Can you understand me? No, | can't understand you (m). 28. When are you going to team Spanish? Im going to learn Spanish this year. 27. What do you like to eat in the moming? like to eat fruit and toest. 28. Do you want to go out with me? Yes, | want to go out with you. 29. Can you believe it? No, I can’t believe it 30. Do you need to see a doctor? No, | don't nead to see one. 31. When do you have to receive the check? | have to receive it before next waok. 32. Where are you going to get on the bus? Fm going to get on here. 33. How long do you like to sleep? | like to sleep (for) eight hours.