Governing equations and assumptions

Relative and absolute refererence

frames are related by: V C U
We only study designs where:
Ca2=Ca3
C1=C3

We repeat the derivation of theoretical work used

for radial and axial compressors:
Rate of change of angular momentum
Cw3r3 Cw 2 r2 Theoretical torque

Theoretical work Cw3r3 Cw 2 r2 Cw3U 3 Cw 2U 2

Assume change of
direction for relative
velocity

Flow at constant radius U Cw3 Cw2

r3, r2 = radius of rotation

V1, V2, V3=Tangential velocities
Ca2,Ca3=radial components
Cw2, Cw3= whirl components
U =mean blade speed

U Cw3 Cw2

Principle of angular momentum

Stage work output w:
w U Cw2 Cw3
U Ca 2 tan 2 Ca 3 tan 3

Ca constant:
w U Ca 2 tan 2 Ca3 tan 3
UCa tan 2 tan 3

Energy equation
Combine derived equations =>
w UCa tan 2 tan 3
Energy equation:

w c p T0,stage

We have a relation between temperature drop

and blade angles!!! :
c p T0,stage UCa tan 2 tan 3

(7.3)

Dimensionless parameters
Blade loading coefficient, temperature drop
c p T0, stage
coefficient:

1 2
U
2

UCa

tan 2 tan 3
1 2
U
2
2Ca
tan 2 tan 3

T2 T3
Degree of reaction: R
T1 T3

(7.6)

Dimensionless parameters
Finally, the flow coefficient:

Ca

Current aircraft practice (according

to C.R.S):

0.8 1.0
3.0 5.0
R 0.5

Aircraft practice => relatively high

values on flow and stage loading
coefficients limit efficiencies