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GHALIB - INTRODUCTION
Both his father and uncle died while he was still young, and
he spent a good part of his early boyhood with his mother's family.
This, of course, began a psychology of ambivalences for him. On the
one hand, he grew up relatively free of any oppressive dominance by
adult, male-dominant figures. This, it seems to me, accounts for at
least some of the independent spirit he showed from very early child-
hood. On the other hand, this placed him in the humiliating situation
of being socially and economically dependent on maternal grandparents,
giving him, one can surmise, a sense that whatever worldly goods he
received were a matter of charity and not legitimately his. His pre-
occupation in later life with finding secure, legitimate, and
comfortable means of livelihood can be perhaps at least partially
understood in terms of this early uncertainity.
Ghalib was never really a part of the court except in its very
last years, and even then with ambivalence on both sides . There was
no love lost between Ghalib himself and Zauq, the king's tutor in the
writing of poetry; and if their mutual dislike was not often openly
expressed, it was a matter of prudence only. There is reason to believe
that Bahadur Shah Zafar, the last Moghul king, and himself a poet of
considerable merit, did not much care for Ghalib's style of poetry or
life. There is also reason to believe that Ghalib not only regarded
his own necessary subservient conduct in relation to the king as
humiliating but he also considered the Moghul court as a redundant
institution. Nor was he well-known for admiring the king's verses.
However, after Zauq's death Ghalib did gain an appiontment as the
king's advisor on matters of versifiaction. He was also appointed,
by royal order, to write the official history of the Moghul dynasty, a
project which was to be titled "Partavistan" and to fill two volumes.
The one volume "Mehr-e-NeemRoz", which Ghalib completed is an
indifferent work, and the second volume was never completed, supposedly
because of the great disturbances caused by the Revolt of 1857 and the
consequent termination of the Moghul rule. Possibly Ghalib's own lack
of interest in the later Moghul kings had something to do with it.
The years between 1857 and 1869 were neither happy nor very
eventful ones for Ghalib. During the revolt itself, Ghalib remained
pretty much confined to his house, undoubtedly frightened by the
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wholesale masacres in the city. Many of his friends were hanged,
deprived of their fortunes, exiled from the city, or detained in jails.
By October 1858, he had completed his diary of the Revolt, the
"Dast-Ambooh", published it, and presented copies of it to the British
authorities, mainly with the purpose of proving that he had not
supported the insurrections. Although his life and immediate possesions
were spared, little value was attached to his writings; he was flatly
told that he was still suspected of having had loyalties toward the
Moghul king. During the ensuing years, his main source of income
continued to be the stipend he got from the Nawab of Rampur.
"Ud-i-Hindi", the first collection of his letters, was published in
October 1868. Ghalib died a few months later, on February 15th, 1869.
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GHALIB - GHAZALS
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A note on pronunciation
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Examples : 'maiN' = me
'meiN' = in
'aasmaaN' = sky
...........................................................................
[ guftgoo = conversation ]
[ justjoo = desire ]
[ guftaar = speech/discourse ]
[ musaahib = comrade/associate ]
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............................................................................
[ bosa = kiss ]
[ ma'aal = result ]
...........................................................................
.............................................................................
............................................................................
1. kabhee nekee bhee uske jee meiN gar aa jaaye hai mujhse
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jafaayeN karke apnee yaad sharma jaaye hai mujhse
.......................................................................
5. dekhooN to dil_farebi-e-andaaz-e-naqsh-e-pa
mauj-e-KHiraam-e-yaar bhee kya gul katar gayee
[ walwale = enthusiasm ]
......................................................................
[ qaasid = messenger ]
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[ mai = bar, haz'z-e-wasl = joy of meeting, KHudaa_saaz = god's gift,
iztiraab = anxiety ]
[ itaab = anger ]
.......................................................................
[ daayam = always ]
[ uqoobat = pain ]
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7. karte ho mujhko man'a-e-qadam_bos kis liye ?
kya aasmaan ke bhee baraabar naheeN hooN maiN ?
[ bosa = kiss ]
[ wazifaa_KHawaar = pensioner ]
......................................................................
[ abr = clouds ]
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
1. ghar jab bana liya hai tere dar par kahe baGHair
jaanega ab bhee too na mera ghar kahe baGHair
[ sitamgar = oppressor ]
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[ bedaad = injustice ]
............................................................................
[ muddat = duration/period ]
............................................................................
[ waaiz = preacher/advisor ]
.........................................................................
..........................................................................
[ sar_giraanee = pride ]
[ naamabar = messenger ]
.............................................................................
[ taGHaful = neglect/ignore ]
............................................................................
[ sitamgar = oppressor ]
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[ farebee = a fraud/cheat ]
11. KHush hote haiN par wasl meiN yoN mar naheeN jaate
aayee shab-e-hijaraaN ki tamanna mere aage
[ hijr = separation ]
..........................................................................
3. qibla-e-maqsad-e-nigaah-e-niyaaz
fir wahee parda-e-'amaaree hai
[ paara = fragment ]
..........................................................................
[ chaak = slit/torn ]
..........................................................................
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2. fursat-e-kaarobaar-e-shauq kise ?
zauq-e-nazzaraa-e-jamaal kahaaN ?
[ wabaal = calamity ]
........................................................................
[ 'eitabaar = trust/confidence ]
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5. ye kahaaN ki dostee hai ke bane haiN dost naaseh
koee chaarasaaz hota, koee GHamgusaar hota
[ GHarq = drown/sink ]
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6. hai josh-e-gul bahaar meiN yaaN tak ki har taraf
uDate hue ulajhte haiN murGH-e-chaman ke paaNv
[ murGH = bird ]
[ but = idol/beloved ]
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[ rashk = jealousy ]
.............................................................................
[ sheereeN = sweet ]
[ rawa = right/lawful ]
........................................................................
[ mu'ayyan = definite ]
[ chaaraagar = healer/doctor ]
........................................................................
[ nuktaacheeN = critic/sweetheart ]
[ nazaakat = elegance ]
[ jalwaa_garee = manifestation ]
[ aatish = fire ]
..........................................................................
[ tarq = relinquishment ]
[ falak = sky ]
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[ sang = stone, KHisht = brick ]
..........................................................................
[ qadah = goblet ]
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[ waz'a = conduct/behaviour, 'ehtiyaat = care, chaak = torn,
girebaaN = collar ]
[ tasavvur = imagination ]
[ tahayya = determined ]
........................................................................
7. ishrat-e-paara-e-dil, zaKHm-e-tamanna_KHaana
lazzat-e-reesh-e-jigar GHarq-e-namakdaaN hona
............................................................................
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[ hanoz = yet/still ]
[ nai_rang = fascinating ]
[ jurat = courage/valour ]
[ dasht = desert ]
[ sang = stone ]
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[ nihaaN = hidden ]
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[ mai = bar, KHud_aara = self adorer, hijaab = veil,
tasleem = greeting ]
10. lutf-e-KHiraam-e-saaqee-o-zauq-e-sada-e-chang
yeh jannat-e-nigaah woh firdaus-e-gosh hai
............................................................................
[ gumaaN = doubt/suspicion ]
[ jallaad = executioner ]
[ fuGHaaN = clamour ]
[ suKHanwar = poet ]
...........................................................................
Part II.
Hello everybody,
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Here are a few more ghazals of Ghalib compiled by Mr. Prakash. I am posting on
the net on his behalf for other netters. Hope that every body will enjoy. I
thank Prakash for his effort and time he spent on this, and all the credit goes
to him,
Waheed.
Dear Friends,
Enjoy !
-Prakash
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P.N.Prakash, e-mail : Prakash@anlphy.phy.anl.gov
Physics Division,
Argonne National Laboratory,
Argonne, IL 60439
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GHALIB - GHAZALS
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[ jaur = opression/tyranny ]
[ laag = love/affection ]
[ naamaabar = messanger ]
........................................................................
.............................................................................
[ KHoo = habit ]
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[ jaa = space ]
[ junooN = ecstasy ]
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[ rashk = envy ]
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[ nafas = breath ]
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[ gaNjeena = treasure, maa'anee = meaning, talism = magic,
ash'aar = couplets ]
...........................................................................
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GHazals submitted by other people:
----
7. Ai saaknaan-e-kucha-e-dildaar dekhna,
Tum ko kahin jo Ghalib-e-aashufta sar mile.
...........................................................................
['arsh=heaven]
[ figaar=wounded/sore, KHaam=inexpert/green/raw/immature,
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KHaama_KHooN=young blood, chakaaN=dripping]
[daanaa=wise/learned, yaktaa=unique]
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