SalemBelay

MissLyon
APBiology
October18,2015
EnzymeLab
ProcedureforPart5:
1. InPart4,asmallpieceofliverwasaddedtoHydrogenPeroxide(H2O2),anda
fastreactionoccurred.Gettheliverusedinthisreaction,andputitintoaclean
testtube.
2. Pour1mLofunusedH2O2intothesametesttubeastheusedliver.
3. Letreactionhappen.
4. Recordanynecessaryobservations.
5. PourtheusedH2O2fromPart4intoanewtesttube.
6. AddnewliverintothetesttubewiththeusedH2O2.
7. Letreactionhappen.
8. Recordanynecessaryobservations.
Conclusion:
1) Glassbeadswereaddedto1mLofH202inatesttube,andnoreactionoccurred.
ThisisbecauseglassbeadshavenocatalasethatwillbreakdowntheH2O2.
2) AsmallamountofManganesedioxide(MnO2)wasaddedtoH202,andtherewas
afastreaction.Gasandfizzwerevisibleobservations,andthemixturealso
cloudedup.Afterthefirstreaction,aseconddoseofH2O2wasaddedtothe
MnO2,buttherewasnootherreactionbecausealloftheMnO2hadalready
reacted.ThefirstreactionoccurredasaresultofthecatalaseinMnO2breaking
downtheH2O2.Thisactofbreakingdownisalsocalleddecomposition.
3) Planttissuemorespecifically,apotatowasaddedtoH2O2.Aslowreaction
withfizzandbubblesoccurred.Thisreactionoccurredbecausethepotatohas
catalase,butitwasslowbecausetherewasntthatmuchofit.
4) AsmallpieceofliverwasaddedtotheH2O2.Therewasafastreactionwith
foam,fizz,bubbles,acolorchange(toorange),andthemixturealsooverflowed.
Theoverflowingcouldhavebeenaresultofthesmallsizeofthetesttube,or
becauseoftoomuchH2O2.Thefastreaction,however,occurredbecausethere
wasenoughcatalasetoreactwiththeH2O2anddecomposeit.
5)
a. Theusedliverfromreaction#4wasaddedintoacleantesttubewith
unusedH2O2.Therewasareactionwithfizz,bubbles,andsomefoam.
Thoughitwasslow,thereactionoccurredbecausetherewasanincrease
intheconcentrationofcatalase.
b. TheusedH2O2fromreaction#4waspouredintoacleantesttube,anda
smallamountofnewliverwasthenaddedintothetesttube.Noreaction
occurred.Thisisbecausetherewasanincreaseintheconcentrationofthe
substrate,butnotanincreaseintheconcentrationofcatalase.Areaction

6)

7)

8)

9)

willonlytakeplaceiftheconcentrationofcatalaseincreased.Therefore,
thereactionin#4stoppedbecausetheH2O2changeditwasusedupand
couldnotcatalyzeanymoresubstrates.
CrushedliverwasaddedtoH2O2.Alongwithreaction#8,thiswasoneofthe
fastestreactions.Thereactionalsohadfoam,fizz,anditalsooverflowed.The
reactionoccurredbecausethelargeamountsofcatalaseincrushedliverwereable
tocatalyzethedecompositionoftheH2O2quicklyandefficiently.
Crushedliverboiledwithwater(boiledforfiveminutes)thenhadH2O2addedto
itinordertotestwhethertemperaturehadanyeffectsontherateofreaction.
Throughthisreaction,itisproventhattemperaturedoesaffecttherateof
reaction.Thehighertemperaturesloweddownthereaction,andtheonlysmall
bubblescouldbeobserved.Thisisbecausehighertemperaturesdenaturethe
proteinsofthecatalaseenzyme,andthustheenzymeisincapableofproperly
processingtheH2O2.
Incontinuingtheresearchofeffectsoftemperatureontherateofreaction,
crushedliverwasplacedinanicebathforfiveminutesH2O2.Incomparisonto
thepreviousreaction,thisreactionoccurredatafasterrate,andtherewaslosof
fizzandbubbles.Thisoccurredbecauseenzymeactivityincreasesastemperature
increases(untiloptimumtemperatureisreached),soastimewentoninthis
reaction,therewasmoreenzymeactivity.Unlikeextremelyhightemperatures,
denaturinghasnottakenplace,sotherewasstillarelativelyfastrateofreaction
(thoughitwasnotfasterthanroomtemperature).
InordertotestweatherpHaffectstherateofreaction,asmallpieceofliverwas
placedintoahydrochloricacid(inatesttube),andnoreactionoccurred.
HydrochloricacidhasanextremelylowpHof1.1,andthisresultsinnoenzyme
activity.

DataTable:
ReactantswithH202

RateofReaction

Observations

Glassbeads

None

None

ManganeseDioxide
(MnO2)

Fast

Gas,fizz,cloudedup

Potato

Slow

Fizz,bubbles

Liver

Fast

Foam,fizz,bubbles,color
change(orange),mixture
overflowed

Liver(#2)
1. Usedliverwith
newH2O2

1.Slow

1.Fizz,bubbles,some
foam

2. Newliverwith
usedH2O2

2.None
2.None

GroundLiver

Fast

Foam,fizz,mixture
overflowed

HeatedLiver

Slow

Somesmallbubbles

CoolerLiver

Fast

Fizz,bubbles

LiverinHCl

None

None

Photos: