MACROECONOMA

DE UNA ECONOMA ABIERTA

JUAN LEN MENDOZA

Universidad Nacional
Mayor de San Marcos
Fondo Editorial
Facultad de Ciencias Econmicas

ISBN: 978-9972-2503-7-8
Hecho el Depsito Legal en la
Biblioteca Nacional del Per N.: 2015-00867
Primera edicin
Lima, enero de 2015
Fondo Editorial de la UNMSM
Facultad de Ciencias Econmicas
Juan Len Mendoza
Tiraje: 500 ejemplares

La universidad es lo que publica

CENTRO DE PRODUCCIN FONDO EDITORIAL

UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL MAYOR DE SAN MARCOS
Calle Germn Amzaga s/n Pabelln de la Biblioteca Central 4. piso - Ciudad Universitaria,
Lima-Per
Correo electrnico: fondo.editorial.unmsm@gmail.com
Pgina web: http://www.unmsm.edu.pe/fondoeditorial/
Directora / Emma Patricia Victorio Cnovas
PRODUCCIN
Editor / Juan Len Mendoza
Correccin de estilo / Alejandro Montoya G.
Diagramacin / Orlando Huerta B.
Diseo de cartula / Mery Quirito
VENTAS, DISTRIBUCIN Y DIFUSIN
619-7000 (anexo 7530)
Impreso en Lima-Per
Queda prohibida la reproduccin parcial o total de este libro
sin permiso de los editores

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18

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Dentro del pensamiento macroeconmico existe una serie de escuelas o miniescuelas econmicas. Sin
embargo, a esa gama de puntos de vista, podemos agruparla gruesamente en dos grandes corrientes
macroeconmicas: la teora de orientacin keynesiana (neokeynesianos, salario de eficiencia, coste de
men, entre otros) y la teora de corte neoclsica (monetaristas, expectativas racionales, enfoque
monetario de la balanza de pagos, ciclos reales, etc.). La economa poltica marxista no corresponde al
campo de la teora macroeconmica.

19

Juan Len Mendoza

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economtrica. Adicionalmente, segn Popper (1980), la teora contrastada se acepta de manera
provisional en tanto que no sea sustituida por otra de mayor consistencia emprica.

20

Macroeconoma

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Vase en Friedman (1967), una disertacin detallada sobre el mtodo de la economa positiva y
normativa.

Juan Len Mendoza

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variable exgena es una variable independiente, pero no todas las variables independientes son
exgenas.

22

Macroeconoma

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El modelo keynesiano simple se elabora sobre una mayor cantidad de supuestos. Por simplificacin y
dados los fines ilustrativos, se ha especificado solo dos supuestos.

Juan Len Mendoza

23

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26

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Juan Len Mendoza

27

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El premio Nobel de Economa Jan Tinbergen (1961) fue el que formul el principio de que una poltica
econmica ptima debe contener el mismo nmero de objetivos e instrumentos de poltica.

28

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Vase Instituto Nacional de Estadstica e Informtica (2001).