How to Estimate the Cost of Fire Damper Upgrades within a Hospital CPE Candidate No, 0115830 July, 2015Autobiographical Sketch Jenna Swieck was born and raised in central tinos. She earned 2 BS. in General Engineering, wih a secondary concentration in Construction, from the University of tino at Urbana-Champaign. During summer breaks from college, she worked asa quality control technician testing concrete on a major highway reconstruction project. After graduation, Jenna moved to Chicago, lina, to work 2 Project Engineer, and later a Project Manager for Novak Construction. During her tenure at Novak, she built Costco Wholesale warehouses and gas stations throughout the East Coast and Midwest, and wos Involved with various hospital upgrades and assisted ing facility renovations. At the end of 2014, after stepping away from construction for three years to cali two smal children, Jenna relocated to San Diego, California, to work as a Cost Manager for the Healthcare Ovsion at Cumming Corporation, an International projet management and cost consting frm,TABLE OF CONTENTS: ‘Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS: 2 SECTION 1 -NTRODUCTION: sn 4 MAIN CSI DIVISIONS (MasterFormat 2016) 4 CSISUB-DIVIIONS (MasterFormat 2018). a {BRIEF DESCRIPTION. svn Ss SECTION 2 —TYPES AND METHODS OF MEASUREMENT: 7 ‘SECTION 3 ~ SPECIAL FACTORS ~ EFFECTS ON TAKEOFF AND PRICNG: 8 isting Conditions. 8 Bid Documents & Facity Famili 9 Schedule 9 Documentation Requirements 30 Testand Balance sev 10 ‘mall Quantities vs Large Quantities. a 10 {Geographic and Fiscal Market Factors... a Seasonal ffecton Work o au SECTION 4 Overview of Labor, Matera, Equipment, Indirect Costs and Mark Up: Fry Labor Rates. os se a Material Rate 2 Equipment Rates. 2 Indirect Costs 2 Marup a3 ‘SECTION 5 ~ SPECIAL RISK CONSIDERATIONS: vo a3 ‘SECTION 6 ~ RATIOS AND ANALYSIS ~ METRICS AND REVIEW FORPROPER QA/QC* ssnssnnnnnnd@ ‘SECTION 7 ~ MISCELLANEOUS PERTINENT INFORMATION osu 14 ‘SECTION B ~ SAMPLE DRAWINGS, SCHEDULES AND SECTIONS: wars as ‘SECTION 9 SAMPLE TAKEOFF AND PRICING: 18 2[PaceSECTION 20-GLossaRys {SECTION 31 — REFERENCES: ons SECTION 12 ~ Copyright Release: 22 2 2SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION: ‘This paper wil discuss how to estimate the cost of fire damper upgrades within @ hospital, which requires much more consideration than a simple quantity takeoff multiplied by standard unit rates. The primary focus will include the architectural and HVAC elements. Fre suppression, fie alarm, and lectial aspects of fire fe safety upgrades will not be discussed in any detail inorder to maintain brevity and clay. MAIN CSI DIVISIONS (MasterFormat 2014) Division Ot ~ General Requirements Division 0 ~ Ein Conditions Division 07 — Thermal and Moisture Protection Divison OF — Openings OWson 09 ~Finihes Division 23 —Heatng, Venting, and Ai Conditioning (HVAC) CSI SUB-DIVISIONS (MasterFormat 2014) ‘Sub-Division 013500 ~ Special Procedures ‘Sub-Division 024100 - Demolition and Structure Moving Sub-Division 078000 ~ Fire and Smoke Protection Sub-Divsion 083100 ~ Access Doors and Panels Sub-Oivsion 092000 Plaster and Gypsum Board 'Sub-ivsion 052800 ~ Gypsum Board ‘Sub-Division 095000 ~Celings ‘Sub-ivsion 098000 ~ Acoustle Treatment Sub-Divsion 099000: iting and Coating ‘ub-Dlvsion 230000 ~Heating Ventilating, and Air-Conditioning (HVAC) Sub-Divsion 230700 HVAC Insulation ‘Sub-Division 233100-HVAC Ducts and Casings Sub-Divsion 233000 —HVAC Air Distribution aipageBRIEF DESCRIPTION Fire dampers are 2 mechanical component installed within an HVAC duct at the point where the duct penetrates a fie-rated assembly. In the event of a fie or smoke alam, the damper wil infil the duct ‘opening. A fire damper typically consists of an accordion-sile, metal curtain or rotating metal blades, ‘equal in size and shape to the duct in which i is installed. Dampers are categorized as “dynamic” or static. Dynamic dampers utiize a motorized or spring-loaded curtain, capable of fully deploying despite resistance from forced air within the duct. Static dampers rely on gravity to pl he curtain nto place. They may only be used within ductwork serving @ uni that wil automaticaly be shut down when 8 fire alarm or smoke detectors activated. Round dampers utlize a butterfly valve that i normally held parallel tothe flow of air, but wil rotate perpendicular to cu off flew when activated. Each damper uses a fusile Kink that retraine the curtain or blade until it reschee 3 specified temperature. Upon reaching the design temperature, the ink wil fit the curtain will deploy, closing off the duct and completing the Fre-ated assembly. This link can also be manually ditengaged to facilitate testing and inspections. Each damper is manufactured with a unique serial number, or control number, which shouldbe recorded for governmental reporting and inspection recorts. The primary types of rated dampers include smoke, combination fie/smoke, motorized, and modulating fre dampers rated for one-two" three, or fourhours. The dampers canbe installed within the plane ofa flor or wall, or just ‘outside of the plane glven adequate provs . Regardiss of the type of damper, the primary ‘components ofa compete assembly wil include: 1._Fire/Smoke Damper with Fusible ink not pictured) 2. Retaining Anges ~ attached to the damper sleeve inorder to old the demper securely within the fire rated assembly 3 Access panels ~ these allow access to the damper mechanism for testing, Inspections, and Space4. Breakaway Connection ~ allow the ductwork to disengage from the damper sleeve. This wil Prevent» frerated atsembly fom baing pulled down by colaptng ductwork, 5, Sleeve ~ an extension ofthe damper assembly to facitate connections without jeopardting the function of the damper. 6. Duct nsuation- where applicable, duct insulation should exten tothe partion, (@ ERE soe oauren oa (igure 3): Tyco Fire/Smoke Damper Beto! Fire dampers must be Inspected periodical for proper operaticn, Current NFPA codes wil dictate the ‘frequency of testing required based on the building clasicaion, Aside fom the predictable life-cycle issues related to the damper mechanisms, hospitals may ele! to, and/or be required to, audit the complet instalation ofeach damper, often due to building occupancy changes or other fie lfe safety nerades. Fora numberof reasons, incorrect or inadequate frerated assemblies can slip by unnoticed for years. The primary reason these erors go unnoticed is the concealed nature of ductwork: but aso 2 simple lack of awareness from facies engineers and contractors aie, Ove to the complex code requirements surounding these assemblies, they are often misuderstoodIn order to fcitate inspections, the damzer should be cea labeled with al information as required by the authority having jurisdiction. Ths labeling wil typically be mounted on the nearest ductwork ‘acing the wall reeling acess panel. The architectural access pone frame shoul als be discreetly ‘yet leary marked withthe damper Wetfication number as assigned by the facity or architect of evar SECTION 2 - TYPES AND METHODS OF MEASUREMENT: Quantity surveys typically include a count ofeach (EA), meesurement of eng in linear fet (LF), and measurement of area in square feet (SF). Typical derived units of measure inclde weight, in pounds (489) or tons (rv, and volume, in cubic Feet or cubic yards (CF oF CY). Square foot measurements are ako often derived from linear fot measurements. Eaty-level estimates will use 2 meastre ofthe ‘overall gross square fot (GF) area of work to assign allowances for undefined work items Typical Units of Measure Fach (EA) Linear Foot (UF) Square Foot (52) Pounds (85) Fire Damper Retaining Angles ‘Metal Studs Ductwork Breakaway Connection _Firestop Sealant Drywall ‘Access Panels (Arch) ‘Acoustic Caulk Shaft Liner ‘cess Panel (Ouet) Mineral Woo! Batt nculation| Weems such as drywall and metal studs, that go handsnvhand, can often be derived from the same takeoft. For example, the tinea fot of new wall wil be taken off drecty fom the pans. To calculate the metal studs, the linear foot of wall wil be multiplied by the height ofthe studs. For @ typical Partition with drywall on both sides, the drywall can be calculated using the same inar footage multiplied by two times the installed height of drywall Using MasterFormat, it is assumed that elements sucha fasteners, taping, and finishing the drywall are included within the unit cost and do not need tobe taken off individual, 7 PageFor renovation work, the estimator will determine what unique elements will be present before ‘establishing the takeoff conditions. For instance, if there wil be many completely new damper locations, there is no need to take off each component of @ new damper individually. twill be understood that the total count of dampers of @ gen site wil be used to derive quantities for breakaway connections, acess panels (induct), retaining angles, ete. Furthermore, any Individual takeoffs for items such as "New Access Pane! ( uct)" wll imply ti for instalation at an existing damper that was mising an access pane, and will be counted in addition to the previously derived quantity Infection and dust control measures are considered under general requirements and include items such ‘a5: temporary barricades and containment cubes, air scrubbers and HEPA fers, negative alr pressure ‘monitors, coveral, and walff mats. While these may be covered inthe estimate asa gross square foot or percentage of overall project cost (typically based on Owner preference), itis important to have ‘backup eatimate of thes tems. Ths wilensure that he unit rate applied to the established metic is adequately captring the potential cost exposure, SECTION 3 - SPECIAL FACTORS ~ EFFECTS ON TAKEOFF AND PRICING: ‘As with any renovation project, there are many factors to consider when establishing quantities and unit rates, Existing Conditions To begin evaluating the existing conditions, it will be important to survey the type and function of the. rooms thet will be affected by construction activites. Certain roams within a hospital may require additional manpower, specialized tools, or more stingent infection control measures. For example, ‘work done within an active mental health ward will have special requirements. Toots will need to be concealed and constant monitored by 2 support person while the journeyman completes repairs. Access panels will require a specialized screw driver to operate, Hf works to be done in occupied rooms,the timing wil need fo be scheduled around the room's availabilty, which soften cfc to pret. Work within operating suites requires equipment to be wrapped for containment and all workers to _wear coveralls and shoe and hair covers. These considerations will duce productivity and may require Premium rates Bid Documents & Facility Familiarity Based on the drawings presented for estimating, it maybe evident thatthe fecity has kept accurate as- buit drawings on file, in which ease, the allowances for unforeseen conditions may be reduced, However, ifthe drawings have no redines and are considerably outdated, they wil ely require a signicant allowance for unforeseen conltions, The esimator'sfamiliarty with a given feciity may also help to provide a comfort-level with reduced contingencies. When making assumptions the notes section of the estimate should carefully explain what factors tave been considered to faclitate full Understanding ofthe estimate. It is important to thoroughly evauate the full extent of work required at each damper location, While most locations may require cursory upgrades, some may require Specialized UListed! repairs. These wil tke time to document and may require specialized materials Schedule "ts important to review the anticipated schedule with the Owner prior to finalizing the estimate, A ‘more detailed schedule may be required to determine if shift work can be considered based on ary ‘applicable union agreements, When work is dependent on many real-time factors, such as wating for hospital staff to facitate acces, a fast schedule may result in even greater ineficiencies if crew is alting for access to a ward. The proposal should be thoroughly evaluated for feasibly, to establish accurate prices and expectations from all partes. The function ofthe affected HVAC system ean also Impact the schedule and create other expenses. For instance, clearance would need to be obtained before working on exhaust systems for isolation rooms or IV preparation exhaust hoods. Some hoods also require decontamination if they are shut down for any reason, so ts Important to clarify withthe ‘owner how those expenses willbe handled up-frontDocumentation Requirements Before estimating the cost of @ project, it is important to understand what documentation will be required for inspections and certifications. Some government agencies require. significant documentation including original signatures, records for each damper installed, and UL listing ‘documentation foreach fre-rted assembly within the building, ti helpful to be familiar with the inspectors having jurisdiction, so that the documentation can be tailored to their preferences and primary areas of focus. Proper documentation can fast-track the Inspection process and avold costly delays associated with reinspections. General conditions should accurately reflect the amount of office ‘work required to prepare quality document. Test and Ralance Another factor that should be clarfed is the test and balance Inspection of the exstig system. A ‘iscussion should be had withthe owner before submiting an estimate to determine the ast time the building HVAC system had been evaluated. Its preferred to run a full test and balance ov any sytem Prior to beginning work, to ensure that the existing system is working property. This will prelude the «contractor from being wrongly held lable for test and balance issues at the end of the project. However, f works imited and doesnot involve any HVAC unis it shouldbe reasonable to agree with the owner that test and balance should not be required before or after construction. Small Quantities vs. Large Quantities ‘Asa general rule of thumb in construction, small quantities are more expensive than large quantities. Economy of scale can be achieved through bulkpurchasing and some assembles canbe prefabricated in 8 shop versus inthe field. In a remodel, the concentration of work can also dictate the savings or ‘Premium applied to quantities in the estimate, For instance, the upgrade of five dampers that can be ‘accessed from one or two rooms wil cost less to instal than five spreed throughout the entre floor of & hospital. Cost per unit forthe same five would aso be driven down f another SO were being installed, 1p ose‘since the time spent gaining familrity withthe building and staff wil he distributed over @ mech largor scope. Geographic and Fiscal Market Factors ‘Asis the case with any construction work, and busines in genera, it isimportan to consider the current and future market conditions when establishing unt ratas_Avaiailty of manpower and ead tines for ‘material can contribute signifianty to increased project costs and delayed schedules. These can be ‘sezpunted for in the short-term within unt rates, or with the inusion of Escalation asa percenage of {otal construction cos for long-term project. Seasonal Effect on Work Since most, f not al, work fr this scope wl take place in conditioned space, typical seasonal factors ‘will not play @ significant role. Areas with poor winter conditions may see & sight drap in pricing during, _8 more resources become available during the seasonal low-down. For compact schedules, it wil be Important to consider the number of holidays that fall within a calendar day schedule, asthe winter holiday season can have a significant impact, SECTION 4 - Overview of Labor, Material, Equipment, Indirect Costs and Mark-Up: In & base estimate tilting CSI MasterFormat, the owner wil be presented with @ document that includes a st of quantities and unt rates to support the estimated cost. For simplicity, the unt rates will be 2 fully soaded val , meaning it Includes everything, outside of General Conditions, required in ‘order to get that particular work item from the factory to the installed fished product. The primary {actors in establishing a viable unit rate ar: labor, material, equipment, indirect costs, and markup. Labor Rates Labor rates are typically established by a company foreach level of bilable employees (eg. aborer vs. Journeyman). These rates are calculated to inclu the full costo the employee's take-home pay, taxes, workman's compensation, social security, Mecicare, and benefits, which include things like health a[PageInsurance, holdsy pay and pad time off, These are typically reviewed annualy to accommodate inflaton, tox changes, ee. In unionized ares, this wil be revted ater union contract agreements are reached to eccommodate any wage increases and/or working arrangement stipulations. Depending on the provisions ofthe contract, labors typical factored at a straight time (eguer business hours ate, tile premium time rates for night work > shit. work ae included as an adcalternate unit rate or percentage increase of the constuction cox Material Rates Matera rates are established using historical data and curent market trends. Lead time should be considered and expediting fees included inthe unit rates ifthe mater ison the critical pathof a fast- tracked schedule, Material rates should include all facets of cost to get the material into the: Joveneyman's hands, This can include sales tax (unless the project I tax exempt), shop drawings, design fees, mounting hardware, freight to jb ate, storage mite, and punch ist work, For items that have Inherent waste factors, such as metal studs and drywal the established unt rates should cover the exoense of anticipated waste Equipment Rates For equipment thats owned by the company, the Int cost, maintenance costs, nd depreciation will be evauate to determine the rate tobe charged fora gven work item. For non-standard equipnent, orequioment that willbe rented, a quote should be obtained and the cos ofthe rental (including delivery to site, fue, tc.) shouldbe distributed among the workitems that wi utilize that piece cf eauipment. Indirect Costs Indirect costs shoud also be factored into the installed unit rate, Indirect costs incite all mieroanenus Items required for a complete instalation that are not directly covered under General Conditions. These typically consist of things tke smal tots, consumable goods tke n sand screws, plan update and [Pagereview, clean-up, and contractor permits (excluding Bulding Permits, which are typically pld directly by the owner Mark-up Unit rates for lowertier subcontracts should be inclusive of ther complete contract value, Including ‘mark-up. The General Contractors mark-up should be carried "below the line” a8 percentage of the total cost of construction In the absence of adequate historical data for a given work Item, oF a¢ check number, there are numerous places to find standard unit rates for almost every work item imaginable. RS Means is 2 primary source for published unit pricing, accessed witha pad subscription, Some government entities also publish @ unt price book that can be used to check the validity of determined unit rates, although these are primarily focused onsite work pertaining to the Department of Transportation, When in doubt the supplier ofthe material in question should be contacted for current pricing and expected labor productivity rates SECTION 5 - SPECIAL RISK CONSIDERATIONS: While construction activities within any occupied building can pose hazards, work to the HVAC system of an active hospital isa bly one of the most perilous. Builing occupants often have compromised immune systems, making them highly susceptible to infection from dust and debris created during Construction activites. Contractors must be conscious ofthe risks at al times, as failure to property ‘ensure negative air pressure coud result inthe loss of a fe. This constant onus of safety wil typically results in lower productivity, coupled with costly safety equipment. Once construction is complet, the Importance of property installed fie dampers is paramount. Inthe event ofa fir within 3 hospital. the Integrity of the frerated partitions can mean life or death fr immabiled patents 33 [PageSECTION 6 - RATIOS AND ANALYSIS ~ METRICS AND REVIEW FOR PROPER Qa/Qc: deat, some historical data willbe available for comparison ofthe estimate at hand. A simple cst per square foot comparison may bea helpful benchmark, provided the previous projects are based on 2 similar building we and se, However, a more accurate benchmark would be a typical cos per type of damper. For example, te historical cost of anew static damper installed in an existing shat wal, ora ‘new damper installed in an existing floor pat’ could be compared tothe ‘unit cost per location’ fom a similar breakdown ofthe current estimate “Another approach to validating the current estimate would be to step beck and consider the overall project using basic manpower lgic. The estimator will need to consider the schedule that has been agreed upon andthe stafing that will be required to meet that schedule. Instead of cing the jobs ‘sing unit rates that have been loaded with labor, the pricing could be re-evaluate fr stright materia ort with bor considered separately. The back and white takeoff shuld provie a elise quant for ‘material pricing. The next step would be to consider how many journeyman (and laborers, ee) wil be assigned to the project ond for how long. The estimator will consider if the lump sum of the construction cots enough to cover: the full salary ofthe journeymen forthe fll duration, the rental ‘or depreciation of containment cats, walk-off mats, and HEPA fiers, and the base mater forthe jb. (On project ofthis nature its Wkly that there wil be significant unproductive time, 0 its important to Consider the overall schedule to ensure the decreased productivity has been accounted for n the unit ‘SECTION 7 - MISCELLANEOUS PERTINENT INFORMATION: Depending on the method of project delivery, such as lump sum, time and materials, oF guaranteed ‘maximum prices, unit rates and allowances may need to be adjusted, The discussion above generally relates toa lump sum contract. However, if the project willbe done on a time and materials basis, the labor rates will not need to be loaded for inefciencies because unproductive time wil be ilable. This, rapPacedelivery method can be beneficial for short projects ona fast schedule because the owreris incentvized to uly cooperate in order to faciltate quick and easy acess to areas of wor, since walting time will be Included on the ticketed work. SECTION 8 - SAMPLE DRAWINGS, SCHEDULES AND SECTIONS: The following ae afew examples of relevant documents that ae often encountered inthe course of estimating fre damper upgrades within 8 hospital (Figure 2): A sample pia fe domper deta rom «host project in he state of California 15 [PaceDEMOLISH PORTION OF EXISTING 2 HOUR SHAFT WALL AS REQUIRED BY NEW! MEQUANCAL OUET AND DAMPER FAQ Nn OPENNG AnD REPARESTING ‘2HOUR SHAFT WALL TYBE DETAIL S'A520,COORDNATE LOCATION AND OPENING ‘Size Wity MECHANICAL DRAWINGS. PROTECT SHA OPENING WaT TWO LAYERS OF St" TYPE"x GYPSUM BOARD DURING CONSTRUCTION. 247 NEW GLAZING AND MULLIONS. SEE SHEET M1 AND M.02 FOR SCOPE OF were 248 DEMOLISH PORTION OF EXISTING CONCRETE FLOOR AS REQUIRED BY NEW. FLOOR Stk COORDINATE WT PLUMBING DRAWINGS. 249 DEMOLISH DOOR AND HARDWARE ONLY. (igure 3}: A sample construction note tht ovtlnes scope end special consserations for fe fe sofety during construction oct. FIRE & LIFE SAFETY REMODEL FLOW CHART (Figure 4) Fre & Ue Safty Remodel Flow Cho from te Ofc of Statewide Heh Planing ond Cevelopment, ‘octes Development Dison (OSHPO) CAN 21026 (Coleman. Revsnd 2013) 16 1P agePROJECT CODE SUMMARY Tan FR RESSTANCEREOURENETS Tea TSH (PRR CEC TABLE 01) ‘SET ENCLOSURES come acca se Sees 4 einer sgt con | osatittomoaym, YS a Buster, ER | BSRSEeaee’ (REISE omeosceraciny vomuo @ See cmapmpy SSRN RST sumanounncev re oe ws sway win POPOL HERET OMGURS SMOURS CHOURS HOMES (ire: Ths sample summary ovtlnes the various code requiements withing given fclty (igure 6: somple snglesine fre olorm egrors a ]PageSECTION 9 - SAMPLE TAKEOFF AND PRICING: (our 7}: A somple constuction document with tokeff performed in On Screen TakeoffMoa gn Luana) vow __uary2uow2 Quant VOM (unasiqnea) (onsesone) Ct Conawes . mo eu 1 (eneagned) (ansesane) 3 mal Sues Rates 6 r 8 as 2a 2 Nal Sute shat 6 7 Oe 109 se ae Wat pa tes (onassene) (wnasignes) Now feces Poe. "Now seo, ara" e299 a4 Bees gs Ce +e ° ° 2110 Bldg Dumetion (unseignes) (onasione) Report ° 2 ° ° ‘hing gin. (igure 8: The corespoding hea summary fram On Seren Takeo forthe ope of work mBigure 7, oboveDy tue comnnet Docs Guay wens TE me = eS ore Se 1 BIStte Tenpomy ans eros ere asc a ee 37003 eaten Jv Sapo we ae See LeeseBoss “oun Cheated ert A meme Es EItGeI tet Ansing donne Fei Roses Sheastbecow ESS BOBBG comenmnssimasamey aur iA Hane poe 3 B33 Camas fone dope ae Te Heds fae (igure 9): & sample estimate using the quantities token rom Figure 7 and 8 above Certain items, such as architectural access panels, will not be shown on the drawings, a thelr layout is left to the contractors discretion. These items are generally estimated using a histrcaly established ratio of count pe Oss square foot af work ares. ts Important to consider the actual number and layout of thes items to ensure thatthe GSF quantity will be adequate but not over consenstive. In this instance atypical ratio of 1 access panel per 250 SF of control area holds true. #2 check-number, this work comes to $77.40/5F, or $7,353 per new damper, which sinfine with histor data for 2 similar scope of work. ail PageSECTION 10 ~ GLOSSARY: 4. UL isting: Stands for Underwriters Laboratories. consultant that certifies the safety of consumer products. 2. Below the ti This is aterm to separate the work tems above the subtotal “cast of work” frm the “below the ine® additions such as General Conditions, Fee, Insurance, and Subguard Insurance, which ‘encompass the “direct cost of construction”. Furthermore, the “soft costs” of a project would include the erect costs plus other intangibles suchas building permits, architectural fees and engineering fees. 3. Cheek-number: Comparetiv pricing forthe same or similar scope of work to verify the validity of an ‘estimate, ‘SECTION 11 - REFERENCES: Coleman, P. A. (October 2012). Guide for Working on Projects Under OSPHD Juridtion - Tis from the Experts. Sacramento, CA, USA: W/A. Coleman, P. (Revised 2013, August OB). Fire & Life Safety Remodel Flow Chart from the Office of ‘Statewide Heath Planning and Development, Faities Development Dhision, CAN 2-102.6 Los Angeles, CA, USA PoseSECTION 12 - Copyright Release: \ hereby acknowledge thatthe contents af this Technical Paper belong to the Society, which is free to publish or otherwise make such use of al or portions ofthe Paper ast ees MM applicable, | have designated by the use of X" wide black tape on the righ margin apposite the text or reference material, thse portions that are considered proprietary, and not avalable forthe Society's use of jubilation. | have obtained and tached ll documentation of releases required by copight laws for ail non-rgnal materials incororaed or referenced nh Paper. Sunaclee Janna Swick duly 7, 2015, aalpogeHow to Estimate the Cost of Fire Damper Upgrades within a Hospital By Jenna Swiecki July, 2018Society Ownership Statement ‘hereby acknowledge thot the contents ofthis Technol Paper belong tothe Society, whichis {free to publish or otherwise make such use ofall or potions ofthe Poper ast sees fit. fapplcoble, | ‘hove designated by the use of" wide block tape on the right margin opposite text or reference ‘moteril, these partons thet are considered proprietary, ané not evelobe forthe Society's use or publication. Ihave obtained and attached all documentation of releases required by copyright lows for ‘all ncn-orgin! moterals incorporated or referenced in this Paper. pane Swisck: Jenna Swick July, 2085Autobiographical Sketch Jenna Swieck was born and raised in central tinos. She earned 2 BS. in General Engineering, wih a secondary concentration in Construction, from the University of tino at Urbana-Champaign. During summer breaks from college, she worked asa quality control technician testing concrete on a major highway reconstruction project. After graduation, Jenna moved to Chicago, lina, to work 2 Project Engineer, and later a Project Manager for Novak Construction. During her tenure at Novak, she built Costco Wholesale warehouses and gas stations throughout the East Coast and Midwest, and wos Involved with various hospital upgrades and assisted ing facility renovations. At the end of 2014, after stepping away from construction for three years to cali two smal children, Jenna relocated to San Diego, California, to work as a Cost Manager for the Healthcare Ovsion at Cumming Corporation, an International projet management and cost consting frm,