joins:-create table ABC(id int primary key not null, f_name varchar2(30));

create table xyz(id int primary key not null, l_name varchar2(30));
create table pqr(id int primary key not null, f_name varchar2(30));
drop table pqr;
INSERT INTO abc VALUES(1, 'Ravinder');
INSERT INTO XYZ VALUES(1, 'Yadav');
INSERT INTO abc VALUES(2, 'Arvind');
INSERT INTO XYZ VALUES(2, 'Kilaru');
INSERT INTO abc VALUES(3, 'Dr. Roheet');
INSERT INTO XYZ VALUES(3, 'Bhatnagar');
INSERT INTO XYZ VALUES(7, 'Sharma');
INSERT INTO abc VALUES(9, 'Dr. DPS');
INSERT INTO pqr VALUES(11, 'Ravinder');
INSERT INTO pqr VALUES(12, 'Arvind');
INSERT INTO pqr VALUES(13, 'Dr. Roheet');
select * from xyz;
select * from abc;
select * from pqr;
Equi-Join Having = operator in condition
Non Equal To Join Having other condition than =
Traditional Syntax of Join
select a.id, a.F_name, b.id, b.l_name from abc a , xyz b where a.id = b.id;
select a.id, a.F_name, b.id, b.l_name from abc a , xyz b where a.id <> b.id;
ANSI Syntax of Join
select abc.id, abc.F_name, xyz.id, xyz.l_name from abc NATURAL JOIN xyz;----Limi
tation
select id, F_name, l_name from abc NATURAL JOIN xyz;
select * from abc NATURAL JOIN xyz;
Join Using
select F_name from abc NATURAL JOIN pqr;
select id,f_name from abc JOIN pqr using(f_name);----Error
select f_name from abc JOIN pqr using(f_name);
Join On
select a.id,a.f_name,b.id,b.l_name from abc a JOIN xyz b on a.id=b.id ;
select
select
d ;
select
select
id ;

a.id,a.f_name,b.id,b.l_name from abc a left JOIN xyz b on a.id=b.id ;

a.id,a.f_name,b.id,b.l_name from abc a left outer JOIN xyz b on a.id=b.i
a.id,a.f_name,b.id,b.l_name from abc a Right JOIN xyz b on a.id=b.id ;
a.id,a.f_name,b.id,b.l_name from abc a Right Outer JOIN xyz b on a.id=b.

Multi Table
select a.id,a.f_name,b.id,b.l_name, p.id, p.f_name from abc a JOIN xyz b on a.i

d=b.id Join pqr p on a.f_name = p.f_name;

select a.id,a.f_name,b.id,b.l_name, p.id, p.f_name from abc a JOIN xyz b on a.i
d=b.id Join pqr p on a.id = p.id;
Cartesian Product
select a.id, a.F_name, b.id, b.l_name from abc a , xyz b;
Outer Join
select a.id, a.F_name, b.id, b.l_name from abc a , xyz b where a.id=b.id(+);
select a.id, a.F_name, b.id, b.l_name from abc a , xyz b where a.id(+)=b.id;
select a.id, a.F_name, b.id, b.l_name from abc a , xyz b where a.id=b.id(+);
Set Operator
select
select
select
select
select

a.id, a.F_name
a.F_name from
a.F_name from
a.F_name from
a.F_name from

from abc a union select b.id, b.l_name from xyz b;

abc a UNION select b.f_name from pqr b;
abc a UNION ALL select b.f_name from pqr b;
abc a INTERSECT select b.f_name from pqr b;
abc a MINUS select b.f_name from pqr b;