DC-3 Oral Exam Guide

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DC-3 Review
Specifications,
Operations,
and
Limitations
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WhatistheWingSpanoftheDC3?
95 0
WhatistheLengthoftheDC3?
64 5.5
WhatistheVerticalClearanceofthetailina
LevelFlightAttitudefortheDC3?
23 6
WhataretheVerticalClearancesfortheTailand
Fuselageina3PointAttitudefortheDC3?
16 11
14 11.5
WhataretheVerticalClearancesforthe
propellerontheDC3?
11 6
prop diameter
12 4
vertical
16 prop tip
WhatistheVerticalClearanceforthe
WingtipoftheDC3?
9 4
WhatistheWidthoftheLandingGearfortheDC3?
18 6
InaDC3,ifawingtiphasroomforaturn,
willthetailbeclear?
YES but the reverse is not true!

What are the Maximum Takeoff and

Landing Weights for the DC-3?
25,200 lbs - Maximum Takeoff Weight

25,200 lbs - Maximum Landing Weight
WhatistheVMCairspeedintheDC3and
whatisthedefinitionofVMC?
VMC = 76 kias
VMC
is Minimum Controllable Airspeed with
the critical engine (left) inoperative
ListalltheConditionsfordefiningVMContheDC3
1. Critical Engine (Left) Inoperative
2. Inoperative Engine Propeller Windmilling
3. Maximum Bank of 5 into the inoperative engine
4. TAKEOFF Power applied on the operative engine
5. Maximum Aft CG - most unfavorable condition
6. Elevator Trim set for Takeoff
Listing continued on next slide
ListalltheConditionsfordefiningVMContheDC3
Listing continued from previous slide
7. Maximum Gross Weight

8. Landing Gear Retracted
9. Flaps in the TAKEOFF Position
10. Sea Level
HowdoestheVMCairspeedintheDC3
changeathigherelevations?
VMC
will DECREASE as elevation increases due
to reduced thrust at higher altitudes
WhatisthedefinitionofTAKEOFFDISTANCE?
Takeoff Distance is the GREATER of:
1. The Accelerate/Stop Distance
OR
2. The Accelerate/Go Distance - to

a 35 obstacle with a failed engine
clear
at V1
WhatistheV1airspeedintheDC3and
whatisthedefinitionofV1?
V1 = 84 kias
V1 is Decision Speed - It is the Airspeed at

which a reject action must have been initiated
WhatistheV2airspeedintheDC3and
whatisthedefinitionofV2?
V2 = 84 kias
V2 is Takeoff Safety Airspeed - It is
the airspeed at which an engine can fail and

the aircraft will continue to climb and clear all
obstacles within the departure path
WhatarethebestANGLEofClimbSpeeds
fortheDC3?
Vx - 84 kias
(TWO Engine Best Angle of Climb Speed)
VXSE - 84 kias
(ONE Engine Best Angle of Climb Speed)
WhatarethebestRATEofClimbSpeedsfor
theDC3?
VY - 91 kias
(TWO Engine Best Rate of Climb Speed)
VYSE - 95 kias
(ONE Engine Best Rate of Climb Speed)
WhataretheNormalandSingleEngineClimb
SpeedsfortheDC3?
Normal Climb - 115 kias

Single Engine Climb - 95 kias
WhataretheLandingGearOperatingLimitations
ontheDC3?
VLO - 126 kias
(Maximum speed for Retracting the Landing Gear)
VLE - 148 kias
(Maximum speed for Landing Gear Extended)
VLO - 148 kias
(Maximum speed for Extending the Landing Gear)

WhataretheVA,VNOandVNESpeedsfortheDC3?
VA - 120
kias (Maneuvering Speed)
VNO - 159
kias (Normal Operating Speed)
VNE - 190
kias (Never Exceed Speed)
WhataretheAltitudeCeilingLimitations
oftheDC3?
Absolute Ceiling
-
26,500
12,500
ft
ft
two
one
engines
engine
Service Ceiling
- 24,800 ft - two engines

- 10,800 ft - one engine
WhatisthemaxEnduranceSpeedfortheDC3?
85 kias at 25,200
lbs
80 kias at 22,000
lbs
WhataretheWingFlapsOperatingLimitationson
theDC3?
VFE 1/4 - 135 kias
(Maximum speed for 1/4 Flaps (11.5) Extended)
VFE 1/2 & 3/4 - 99 kias
(Maximum speed for 1/2 & 3/4 (20- 35) Flaps Extended)
VFE - 97 kias
(Maximum speed for FULL Flaps (45) Extended)

WhataretheminimumVrefairspeeds
airspeeds intheDC3?
Boundary Airspeed at Landing Weight
80 kias at 25,200 lbs

75 kias at 22,000 lbs.
WhataretheOverTheFenceApproachSpeedsfor
aNormalandShortFieldLandingintheDC3?
VFOF - 84 kias
(Normal Over the Fence Speed)
VSO1.3 - 75 kias
(Short Field Over the Fence Speed)
WhataretheREJECTEDLANDINGSpeeds
fortheDC3?
VGA - 94 kias
(TWO Engine Go Around Speed)
VGASE - 84 kias
(ONE Engine Go Around Speed)
WhataretheSTALLSpeedsfortheDC3?
VS1 - 68 kias
(Stall Speed w/ gear & flaps up)
VSO - 64 kias
(Stall Speed w/ gear & flaps down)
WhataretheMaximumDemonstrated
CrosswindandTailwindSpeedsfortheDC3?
VXWIND - 13 kias
(Maximum Crosswind)
VTWIND - 9 kias
(Maximum Tailwind)
DC-3 Review
ENGINE
Whatarethespecificationsfortheengines
usedontheDC3?
Pratt & Whitney 1830-92 Twin Row Radial Engine
14 Cylinders with a total displacement of
1830 cubic inches
1200 horsepower at 48 MP @ 2700 RPM
WhatarethevariousPowerSettingsforthe
P&W1830engineontheDC3?
48 / 2700 rpm - Maximum power for 1 minute
42 / 2700 rpm - RTTO Reduced Thrust Takeoff
42 / 2550 rpm - METO Maximum Except Takeoff
also is Maximum Continuous Power
36 / 2350 rpm - Climb Power
30 / 2050 rpm - 2nd Reduction
25 / 2050 rpm - On vectors for an approach and
the downwind power setting
WhatistheEngineRunupProcedurefor
theP&W1830engineontheDC3?
1.
2.
3.
Throttles - advance both to 1700 RPM

Props - Cycle both twice
Prop Feather Check - Left then Right
Push feather button in
Check for Amperage draw
Check for RPM drop
Pull feather button out
4. Props - Cycle again
5. Throttles - reduce to 1000 RPM
Procedure continued on next slide
WhatistheEngineRunupProcedurefor
Procedure continued from previous slide
6. Magneto & Power - LEFT & RIGHT engines

Throttle - advance to field ambient baro pressure
MP allowable)
(maximum 30
Magentos - checked for 50 RPM MAX Drop

RPMs - checked for 2300 RPM at ambient baro
7. Throttles - return to idle
AtwhatManifoldPressureandRPMshouldthepower
checkbeconductedonP&W1830engineontheDC
3?
Ambient Manifold Pressure
2300 RPM
WhatistheMaximumMagnetoDropallowable
duringtheenginerunupoftheP&W1830
engineontheDC3?
100 RPM
WhichMagnetofireswhichSparkPlugson
theP&W1830engine?
The LEFT Magneto fires the REAR spark plugs
The RIGHT Magneto fires the FRONT spark plugs
WhatistheMaximumRPMpermittedwhileoperating
theP&W1830engineinAutoLean
ontheDC3?
2050 RPM
WhataretheEngineVibrationRangesthat
mustbeavoidedwhileoperatingthe
Between 1300 - 1700 rpm

and
Between 1900 - 2050 rpm
WhatistheStarterDutyCyclefor
1 minute on / 1 minute off
1 minute on / 5 minutes off
WhatactionscanbetakentoreducehighCHT
CylinderHeadTemperaturesonP&W1830engine?
1. Open the Cowl Flaps

2. Increase Mixture to Auto Rich
3.
4.
Increase Airspeed
Reduce Power
Whatthe5CowlFlappositionsforthe
1. Close
2. Off
3.
4.
Trail
Off
5. Open
WhatdoestheFirewallShutoffValuedoontheDC3?
Shuts off the OIL to the engine
Shuts off the HYDRAULICS to the engine
What does a Low Oil Pressure

Annunciator (orange) light indicate
on the DC-3?
Oil Pressure is below 10 psi
WhatisaHydraulicLockconditionand
howdoyouresolveit?
Trapped oil in a cylinder prevents piston movement
causing a hydraulic lock condition
It is necessary to remove the spark plug and drain
the oil from the cylinder to remove the hydraulic
lock condition
Howmanybladesmustbecountedto
checkforahydrauliclockconditionontheDC3?
4 blades
NOTE: 15 blades will ensure a full
oiling of all the cylinders
DC-3 Review
PROP
WhathappensifthePropGovernorSpeederSpring
breakswhileoperatingtheP&W1830engineon
theDC3?
The engine RPM will go to 2050 RPM
WhatFeatheringSystemPressureisrequiredto
operatethecircuittoRELEASEthepropeller
featheringsolenoid?
460 psi
Whatactionshouldbetakenifthepropeller
HASNOTfeatheredwithin60secondsof
holdingthepropellerfeatheringbuttonit?
Pull the Feathering Button back out
Wheredoestheoilcomefromthatisused
bythePropellerFeatheringPump?
2.8 gals reserved in the bottom of the oil

tank in each engine
ToUNFEATHERthepropontheDC3,how
longshouldthefeatherbuttonbeheldin?
Until the engine RPM reaches 800 RPM
Whatactionshouldbetakentodisengage
thePropellerFeatheringPumpshouldthe
featheringpumpcontinuetorun?
Turn OFF both Generators and the
Battery Switch
DC-3 Review
ELECTRIC
WhattypeofBatteryPowerdoes
theDC3aircrafthave?
Two 14 volt - 88 amp/hr batteries

connected in series to
provide 28 volts of power
What is the Minimum Battery Voltage

required for a Battery Start on
theDC3?
25 Volts DC
WhatsizearetheElectricalGenerators
ontheDC3?
N143D has 75 amp generators

Some DC-3s have up to 200 amp
generators
WhataretheElectricalSystemLimitations
ontheDC3?
Generator Voltage - 27.7 0.1 amps
Parallel Generator Differential - 20 amps max
Maximum Continuous Amperage - 75 amps
HowmanyDCElectricalbussarethere
ontheDC3?
There are 2 DC Electrical buss:

Main or Ships Bus
Radio Bus
WhatisthepurposeoftheGeneratorFlashing
SwitchontheDC3?
The Generator Flashing Switch can be used
when there is no generator voltage indicated
and is located on the C/B panel.
CAUTION DO NOT actuate the
Generator Flashing Switch if any
generator voltage is indicated !
WhatpowerstheACElectricalSystemontheDC3?
One 115v 400hz Inverter

for radios only
(deactivated on some DC-3s)
DC-3 Review
HYDRAULICS
HowmanyHydraulicDevicesarethereontheDC3?
FIVE:
1. Landing Gear
2.
3.
4.
5.
Brakes
Wing Flaps
Cowl Flaps
Windshield Wipers
WhatistheTypeofHydraulicFluidthat
isusedintheDC3?
Mil Spec 5606 - (red)
WhatistheHydraulicSystemCapacityontheDC3?
28 quarts total
13 quarts TANK capacity
3 quarts RESERVE capacity
WhatisthequantityofHydraulicFluid
thatisavailableattheSTANDPIPE?
3 quarts
WhatistheNORMALHydraulicSystem
PressureontheDC3?
950 psi
50 psi
WhatistheHydraulicSystemRELIEFvalve
Pressuresetat?
1100 psi
WhatistheHydraulicSystemAccumulator
Pressureandwhatisitchargedwith?
250 psi
Dry Nitrogen
WhatistheMINIMUMHydraulicSystem
PressureforBrakeeffectiveness?
500 psi
Whatarethethree(3)waystocheckthatthe
LandingGearisDOWNontheDC3?
1. Landing Gear Down Light - green

2. Latch Lever snaps into place
3. Vibration felt on the Landing Gear
gear locks down
Handle as the
Whatthree(3)thingsholdtheLandingGearDOWN
ontheDC3?
1. Trapped Hydraulic Pressure

2. Over-center of the strut
3. Mechanical Down Lock Spades
Whatarethethree(3)switchesthatcontrolthe
LandingGearDown&LockedLightontheDC3?
1. Left Landing Gear Down & Locked Micro-switch
2. Right Landing Gear Down & Locked Micro-switch
3. Landing Gear Handle Neutral Micro-switch
WhatarethetwowaystheLandingGearLatchcanbe
outofsequence?
1. Handle UP & Locked - Latch moved out of
the spring-lock position
2. Handle DOWN & Landing Gear Unlocked
with the Latch engaged too soon
Whatactionscanbetakentoresolvethesituationwhen
theLandingGearLatchisoutofsequence?
1. Momentarily RAISE the Landing Gear

OR
2. Pull the Dog Spring
IsitpossibletohaveaLandingGearGreenLight
withZeroLandingGearPressure?
YES
The Landing Gear Green Light is strictly a
function of the micro-switches
CantheLandingGearbeextendedifthe
HydraulicPressureisLOST(Zero)?
YES
The Landing Gear will free fall and lock into
place under normal air loads
WhatpressureshouldtheLandingGearSystem
indicateafterthelandinggearisextended?
The pressure should be the same as

the System Pressure
WhatholdstheLandingGearintheUPposition?
Positive (trapped) Hydraulic Pressure

in the Landing Gear Up Line
WhatManifoldPressurewilltriggertheLanding
GearWarningHorn?
17 MP or less, if the Landing Gear is

NOT DOWN and LOCKED
(the Landing Gear UNSAFE Light (orange)

will be illuminated)
WhatistheproperpositionfortheLandingGearHandle
andtheFlapHandleforextendedparking?Why?
Landing Gear Handle DOWN

Flap Handle UP
Provides relief for thermal expansion
of the hydraulic fluid
WhatholdstheFLAPSinANYselected
positionontheDC3?
Trapped Hydraulic Fluid
DC-3 Review
FUEL
WhattypeofFuelPumpsarethere
ontheDC3?
Each engine has one:
Primary Engine-Driven fuel pump
Auxiliary Electric fuel boost pump
WhataretheFuelTypeSpecificationsfortheDC3?
100 Octane Fuel
100 LL (blue)
100 Avgas (green)
NOTE: Minimum 91 Octane is permitted
HowmanyFuelTanksarethereandwhatare
theirCapacitiesontheDC3?
4 tanks with a total of 822 gals

2 MAIN Tanks - 210 gals each
2 AUX Tanks - 201 gals each
HowmuchUNUSEABLEFuelisthere
ontheDC3?
Total UNUSABLE fuel is 20 gallons

5 gallons of UNUSABLE fuel per tank
HowisthefuelselectedontheDC3?
The fuel selector valve has 5 positions:
each engine can be connected to

either main tank (2)
each engine can be connected to

either aux tank (2)
placed in the off position (1)

HowmanyFuelDrainsarethere
ontheDC3?
There are SIX fuel drains:
1 for each fuel tank located

under the wing (4)
1 for each carburetor located in the
wheel well (2)
WhatistheMinimumFuelforTakeoff
ontheDC3?
130 gallons
CAUTION DO NOT operate both
engines from any tank that contains less
than 50 gallons!
NOTE - Normal taxi and run-up fuel is approximately
10 gallons
What does a Low Fuel Pressure Annunciator

(orange) Light indicate
on the DC-3?
Fuel Pressure is below 10 psi
WhereistheFuelVaporreturnedtoandwhatis
itsmaximumrateofreturnontheDC3?
Only to the main tanks

As much as 5 gals per hour per engine for a
total of up to 10 gals per hour
DC-3 Review
DE-ICE
DescribeaNORMALDeIceSystemCycle
A normal de-ice cycle takes 40 secs.

A distributor valve provides air-pressure
to the five sets of de-ice boots in
8
second intervals
Whatisthenormalrangeofpneumaticair
pressuretooperatethedeicingsystem?
7 - 9 psi
What does a Low Vacuum

Annunciator (blue) light indicate
on the DC-3?
Vacuum Pressure is below 10 psi
Howlongdoesafulltankofdeicealcohollast?
45 minutes
System uses 10 - 28 oz per minute
under normal icing conditions
DC-3 Review
EMERGENCY
AND
FIRE
HowmanyAnnunciatorLightsarethere
ontheDC3?
14 Annunciator Lights
2 each for:
Low Oil Pressure

Low Oil Quantity
Low Vacuum Pressure
Low Fuel Pressure
Engine Fire Loop
1 each for:
Landing Gear Safe

Landing Gear Unsafe
Cargo Door Closed
Cabin Heater Fire
WhataretheEngineFailurememoryitemsontheDC3?
1. Mixtures - Auto Rich
2. Props - Full Forward
3. Throttles - 48 MP
4. Call Out - GEAR UP, FLAPS UP
5. Affected Engine - Identify, Verify & FEATHER
6. Mixture Control affected engine - Idle Cut Off
7. Check for Engine FIRE
8. Checklist for Engine Failure
Whatisconsideredanacceptabletestofthe
EngineFireDetectionSystemonthe
P&W1830engine?
BOTH Fire Warning Lights illuminate
within 5 seconds or less
WhatZONEdoestheEngineFireBottle
dischargeintoontheP&W1830engine?
Zone 2 - Accessory Section
WhatistheEngineFire(airborne)procedureontheDC3?
(afterEngineFailureProcedureiscomplete)
1. Cowl Flaps - Closed
2. Firewall Shutoff (affected engine) - Off
3. Engine Fire Bottle (affected engine) - Selected
4. Fire Bottle T Handle - PULL
DC-3 Review
FLIGHT
CONTROLS
HowlongiseachAileron?
24 feet
TheAileronTrimTabislocatedonwhich
wingoftheDC3?
The RIGHT Wing

DC-3 Oral Exam Guide

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TheAviatorNetwork.

YES but the reverse is not true!

What are the Maximum Takeoff and

25,200 lbs - Maximum Takeoff Weight

is Minimum Controllable Airspeed with

the critical engine (left) inoperative

7. Maximum Gross Weight

will DECREASE as elevation increases due

to reduced thrust at higher altitudes

2. The Accelerate/Go Distance - to

V1 is Decision Speed - It is the Airspeed at

V2 is Takeoff Safety Airspeed - It is

the airspeed at which an engine can fail and

Normal Climb - 115 kias

VLO - 126 kias

(Maximum speed for Retracting the Landing Gear)

VLE - 148 kias

(Maximum speed for Landing Gear Extended)

VLO - 148 kias

(Maximum speed for Extending the Landing Gear)

kias (Maneuvering Speed)

kias (Normal Operating Speed)

kias (Never Exceed Speed)

- 24,800 ft - two engines

VFE 1/2 & 3/4 - 99 kias

(Maximum speed for FULL Flaps (45) Extended)

80 kias at 25,200 lbs

Throttles - advance both to 1700 RPM

6. Magneto & Power - LEFT & RIGHT engines

Magentos - checked for 50 RPM MAX Drop

Between 1300 - 1700 rpm

1. Open the Cowl Flaps

Shuts off the OIL to the engine

Shuts off the HYDRAULICS to the engine

What does a Low Oil Pressure

Oil Pressure is below 10 psi

The engine RPM will go to 2050 RPM

Pull the Feathering Button back out

2.8 gals reserved in the bottom of the oil

Two 14 volt - 88 amp/hr batteries

What is the Minimum Battery Voltage

N143D has 75 amp generators

There are 2 DC Electrical buss:

One 115v 400hz Inverter

(deactivated on some DC-3s)

Mil Spec 5606 - (red)

1. Landing Gear Down Light - green

1. Trapped Hydraulic Pressure

1. Momentarily RAISE the Landing Gear

2. Pull the Dog Spring

The pressure should be the same as

Positive (trapped) Hydraulic Pressure

17 MP or less, if the Landing Gear is

(the Landing Gear UNSAFE Light (orange)

Landing Gear Handle DOWN

Trapped Hydraulic Fluid

100 Octane Fuel

100 Avgas (green)

NOTE: Minimum 91 Octane is permitted

4 tanks with a total of 822 gals

Total UNUSABLE fuel is 20 gallons

The fuel selector valve has 5 positions:

each engine can be connected to

each engine can be connected to