The Clause: Independent Clause and Subordinate A CLAUSE is word group that contains a VERB and a SUBJECT.

Clause (Chapter 15, page 490, Elements of Language)

TWO kinds of clauses

A. INDEPENDENT: Expresses a complete THOUGHT by itself.

Our goal with this unit is to become fluent writers & Example: The bowhunters missed many easy shots;
speakers by combining sentence patterns.
fortunatuly, the 490-class bull elk were laughing.

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TWO Clauses continued from previous page

A SUBORDINATE (or dependent) clause DOES NOT express a SO FAR, WE HAVE TALKED ABOUT
complete thought and cannot STAND alone. TWO DIFFERENT KINDS OF CLAUSES:
EXAMPLE: Some scholars are looking into learning results because no
students are learning :-( DEPENDENT AND SUBORDINATE

FALSE TRUE
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 SUBORDINATE CLAUSE TYPES The ADJECTIVE clause modifies a NOUN or a PRONOUN.

1. THE ADJECTIVE CLAUSE The Adjective Clause tells WHAT KIND or WHICH ONE.

2.THE ADVERB CLAUSE Example: The photograph of those who had participated in the

annual Polar Bear celebration appeared in the school newspaper.

3. ACTS AS A NOUN

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The ADJECTIVE clause is usually introduced by the following

RELATIVE PRONOUNS: Which RELATIVE PRONOUN does not

1. WHO
belong in the list?
2. WHOM
WHO
3. WHOSE

4. WHICH
WHOM
5. THAT WHOSEEVER

Example: Do you know the name of the group whose recordings

WHICH
Mr. Patterson likes from the link below?
THAT
????????????

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 Common Subordinating Conjunctions YOU NEED TO KNOW
The ADVERB clause is a subordinate clause that modifies a VERB,
AN ADJECTIVE, or an ADVERB. AFTER BEFORE UNLESS
ALTHOUGH EVEN THOUGH UNTIL
The ADVERB clause tells HOW, WHERE , WHY , AS IF WHEN
AS IF IN ORDER THAT WHENEVER
TO WHAT EXTENT , UNDER WHAT CONDITION.
AS LONG AS PROVIDED THAT WHERE
Example of ADVERB CLAUSE: AS SOON AS SINCE WHEREVER
MODIFING the VERB SOUNDS. AS THOUGH SO THAT WHETHER

** Jim sounds as if someone were stepping on a cat . AS WELL AS THAN WHILE

BECAUSE THOUGH WHY

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NOUN CLAUSE IS A SUBORDINATE CLAUSE THAT IS

USED AS A NOUN. Want a JUICY prize?

EXAMPLE: WE WILL GIVE WHOEVER WINS THE Which type of SUBORDINATE

CONTEST A PRIZE. CLAUSE does not belong?

NOUN CLAUSE INTRODUCTORY WORDS

HOW THAT WHATEVER WHY Dependent Noun

WHAT WHEN WHETHER WHICH

WHO WHERE WHICHEVER WHOM Adverb Adjective

WHOEVER WHOSE
WHOMEVER
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