Understanding API ICP653 Reading 18-Worksheet-12

Understanding APIICP653
Reading 18 Worksheet-12
My Pre-exam Self Study Notes
25th March 2015
Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
Understanding APIICP653
Reading 8 Worksheet-05 Part 2a of 2
My Pre-exam Self Study Notes
26th February 2015
AST Tanks
AST Tanks
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Fion Zhang at Shanghai

22nd March 2016
API 653 Exam Administration -- Publications

Effectivity Sheet FOR: November 2015, March
2016 and July 2016
Listed below are the effective editions of the publications required for this
exam for the date(s) shown above.
API Recommended Practice 571, Damage Mechanisms Affecting Fixed Equipment in
the Refining Industry, Second Edition, April 2011
API 653 Exam Administration -- Publications

Effectivity Sheet FOR: November 2015, March
2016 and July 2016
Listed below are the effective editions of the publications required for this
exam for the date(s) shown above.
API Recommended Practice 571, Damage Mechanisms Affecting Fixed Equipment in
the Refining Industry, Second Edition, April 2011
ATTENTION: Only the following sections / mechanisms from RP 571 are

included on the exam:
Section 3, Definitions
Par. 4.2.7 Brittle Fracture
4.2.16 Mechanical Fatigue
4.3.2 Atmospheric Corrosion
4.3.3 Corrosion Under insulation (CUI)
4.3.8 Microbiologically Induced Corrosion (MIC)
4.3.9 Soil Corrosion
4.3.10 Caustic Corrosion
4.5.1 Chloride Stress Corrosion Cracking (Cl-SCC)
4.5.3 Caustic Stress Corrosion Cracking (Caustic Embrittlement)
5.1.1.10 Sour Water Corrosion (Acidic)
5.1.1.11 Sulfuric Acid Corrosion
API Recommended Practice 575, Inspection of Atmospheric and LowPressure Storage Tanks, Third Edition, April 2014
API Recommended Practice 577 Welding Inspection and Metallurgy,
Second Edition, December 2013
API Standard 650, Welded Tanks for Oil Storage, Twelfth Edition, March
2013 with Addendum 1 (September 2014), Errata 1 (July 2013), and
Errata 2 (December 2014).
API Recommended Practice 651, Cathodic Protection of Aboveground
Petroleum Storage Tanks, Fourth Edition, September 2014.
API Recommended Practice 652, Lining of Aboveground Petroleum
Storage Tank Bottoms, Fourth Edition, September 2014
API Standard 653, Tank Inspection, Repair, Alteration, and
Reconstruction, Fifth Edition, November 2014.
American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), Boiler and Pressure

Vessel Code, 2013 Edition
i. ASME Section V, Nondestructive Examination, Articles 1, 2, 6, 7 and 23
(section SE-797 only)
ii. Section IX, Welding and Brazing Qualifications (Welding Only)
See end of this study note for API Official BOK
http://independent.academia.edu/CharlieChong1
http://www.yumpu.com/zh/browse/user/charliechong
http://issuu.com/charlieccchong
http://greekhouseoffonts.com/
The Magical Book of Tank Inspection ICP
Open Books
Q1. A welder qualified in 6G position using SMAW process E-7018 (F-4 filler
metal) without backing may be qualified to weld for which of these during
production?
A) Only F1, F2, F3, & F4 filler metals without backing & F4 filler metal with
backing
B) Only F1, F2, F3, & F4 filler metals with backing & F4 filler metal without
backing
C) Only F1, F2, F3 filler metals with backing & F4 filler metal without backing
D) Only F1, F2, F3, & F4 filler metals with backing
Answer: B (ASME IX, QW-404.15, QW-433)
Q 2. Per ASME IX rules, a PQR coupon at 1.500 inches thick using SMAW
process qualifies a WPS for what thickness range?
A) 3/16 to 1.5 inches
B) 3/16 to 3 inches
C) 3/16 to 6 inches
D) 3/16 to 8 inches
Answer: D (ASME IX Table QW-451.1) Qualified thickness range = 3/16 to 8 inches
PQR Sample
Q3. What are the correct number and type of guided bend tests required
when evaluating a PQR (44.5 mm test plate) for compliance to ASME IX?
Select the statement below best summarizing the review as per ASME IX
requirements
A) The 2 face & 2 root bends are allowed and the maximum allowed defect
open to the surface is 3 mm. Therefore Root Bend # 2 with 3.5 mm of
porosity must be rejected
B) The 4 side bends option may be used in lieu of 2 face bends + 2 root
bends & a maximum allowed defect open to surface = 3 mm, so only Root
Bend # 2 is rejectable
C) The 2 face & 2 root bends are allowed & maximum allowed defect open to
surface is 3 mm (except for cracks). Therefore Root Bend # 2 & Face
Bend # 2 are rejectable
D) The 4 tests must be rejected because 4 side bends are mandatory, and
therefore the Root bend # 2 result (although rejectable per ASME IX) is
meaningless.
Ans: D (Ref: API 577, Pg 83 & APP. C, ASME IX, QW-160, QW-163, Table QW-451
Comment:: only root bend #2 is acceptable. (suggested answer)
QW-160 GUIDEDBEND TESTS

QW-161 SPECIMENS
Guidedbend test specimens shall be prepared by cutting the test plate or pipe to form
specimens of approximately rectangular cross section. The cut surfaces shall be designated the
sides of the specimen. The other two surfaces shall be called the face and root surfaces, the face
surface having the greater width of weld. The specimen thickness and bend radius are shown in
Figures QW-466.1, QW-466.2, and QW-466.3. Guidedbend specimens are of five types,
depending on whether the axis of the weld is ransverse or parallel to the longitudinal axis of the
specimen, and which surface (side, face, or root) is on the convex (outer) side of bent specimen.
The five types are defined as follows.
QW-161.1 Transverse Side Bend. The weld is transverse to the longitudinal axis of the specimen,
which is bent so that one of the side surfaces becomes the convex surface of the bent specimen.
Transverse sidebend test specimens shall conform to the dimensions shown in Figure QW462.2.
Specimens of base metal thickness equal to or greater than 11/2 in. (38 mm) may be cut into
approximately equal strips between 3/4 in. (19 mm) and 11/2 in. (38 mm) wide for testing, or the
specimens may be bent at full width (see requirements on jig width in QW466). When the width
of the weld is so large that a bend specimen cannot be bent so that the entire weld and heat
affected zones are within the bent portion, multiple specimens across the entire weld and heat
affected zones shall be used. If multiple specimens are used in either situation above, one
complete set shall be made for each required test. Each specimen shall be tested and meet the
requirements in QW-163.
Q4. What is the correct number & results for tensile testing performed on a
test plate that was verified to be A283 Gr. C having a thickness of 44.5
mm. Select the statement below best summarizing the review as per
ASME IX requirements.
A) 4 tensile tests are needed & results on specimens 3 & 4 do not meet
ASME IX reqmts
B) 2 tensile tests are needed & results on specimen 3 do not meet ASME IX
requirements
C) 4 tensile tests are needed & results on specimen 3 do not meet ASME IX
requirements
D) 2 tensile tests are needed & results on specimens 3 and 4 do not meet
ASME IX reqmts
Ans: C (Ref: API 577, APP. C, ASME IX, QW-151.1.b/d, QW-153, & Table
QW-451)
Note: Tensile specimen # 3 is 250 psi under the 95% rule for BM failures per
QW-153.d, i.e., Base metal failures may fail at 95% of the required tensile
strength.
Comments: Answer could be B?
QW-150 TENSION TESTS

QW-151 SPECIMENS
Tension test specimens shall conform to one of the types illustrated in Figures QW462.1(a) through QW-462.1(e) and shall meet the requirements of QW- 53. QW151.1 Reduced SectionPlate. Reducedsection specimens conforming to the
requirements given in Figure QW-462.1(a) may be used for tension tests on all
thicknesses of plate.
(a) For thicknesses up to and including 1 in. (25 mm), a full thickness specimen shall
be used for each required tension test.
(b) For plate thickness greater than 1 in. (25 mm), full thickness specimens or multiple
specimens may be used, provided (c) and (d) are complied with.
(c) When multiple specimens are used, in lieu of full thickness specimens, each set
shall represent a single tension test of the full plate thickness. Collectively, all of
the specimens required to represent the full thickness of the weld at one location
shall comprise a set.
(d) When multiple specimens are necessary, the entire thickness shall be
mechanically cut into a minimum number of approximately equal strips of a size
that can be tested in the available equipment. Each specimen of the set shall be
tested and meet the requirements of QW-153.
Q5. What is the essential wire required (assume film side IQI was used) for
radiography on a shell insert plate 1.500 inches thick in the as welded
condition?
A) Essential Wire # 8 is required
B) Essential Wire # 9 is required
C) Essential Wire # 10 is required
D) Essential Wire # 11 is required
Answer = C
Q6. A single wall exposure technique was used to make a radiograph using a
Cobalt-60 source. The minimum permitted density in the area of interest per
ASME V code is:
A) 1.3
B) 1.8
C) 2.0
D) None of these are correct
Answer: C (Reference: ASME V, Article 2, T-282.1) Cobalt-60 = gamma
radiation
Q7. When performing MT examination of welds using prod method, what is
the minimum recommended and maximum required prod spacing specified in
the ASME V code?
A) 2 to 8 inches
B) 3 to 8 inches
C) 4 to 8 inches, whenever t = in or less
D) No minimum exists, but the maximum = 8 inches if the technique is
acceptable to Inspector
ANS: B
T-752.3 Prod Spacing. Prod spacing shall not exceed

8 in. (200 mm). Shorter spacing may be used to accommodate
the geometric limitations of the area being examined
or to increase the sensitivity, but prod spacings of less than
3 in. (75 mm) are usually not practical due to banding of
the particles around the prods. The prod tips shall be kept
clean and dressed. If the open circuit voltage of the magnetizing
current source is greater than 25 V, lead, steel, or
aluminum (rather than copper) tipped prods are recommended
to avoid copper deposits on the part being
examined.
Q8. A stainless steel tank shell weld is being examined by LPE. What is the
minimum ASME V Code required penetrant dwell time for the examination
at a temperature of 48F (9C)?
A) 10 minutes for plates, 5 minutes for welds as a minimum Dwell time
= 10 minutes
B) 5 minutes for plate, 10 minutes for welds as a minimum Dwell time =
5 minutes
C) 5 minutes for plate and for welds as a minimum Dwell time = 5
minutes
D) None of the above is correct
Ans: D (ASME V, Art. 6, Table T-672)
Note 1
Plate= dwell time (10 mins) is doubled to 20 mins
Weld= dwell time ( 5 mins) is doubled to 10 mins
Q9. New shell insert plate is to be installed into an existing tank shell (both = 1.5
inches thick) Insert plate material and existing shell material are both A516 Gr.
65 plate normalized, killed, using fine Grain Practice. What is the minimum
design metal temperature (in F) that does not require impact testing for this
material and given thickness?
A. -12F
B. 20F
C. 42F
D. 50F
Answer = B
There are 2 groups of A516 Gr. 65
Keep Alert & make correct choice
10. Using API 650 Figure 5-7b above & given the following information (1inch thick shell plate with 1-inch thick reinforcement pad), what is the required
manway nozzle thickness and the fillet weld size A for a 24-inch manway?
A) inch thick manway nozzle, and weld A = 3/8 inch fillet weld
B) 7/16 in thick manway nozzle, and weld A = 7/16 inch fillet weld
C) inch thick manway nozzle, and weld A = 7/16 inch fillet weld
D) 7/16 in thick manway nozzle, and weld A = 3/8 inch fillet weld
Ans = C (API 650, Fig 5-7b & Table 5-7b t & T row 1 in. Col 2 = in., Col 5 =
7/16 in.
My answer = B
Q11. When determining minimum thickness for a corroded portion of a bottom

course shell plate where the corrosion extends into a butt welded vertical
shell weld, what will be the value for E for a tank constructed of unknown
material?
A) .70
B) .85
C) 1.0
D) None of these values
Answer = A (API 653, Para. 4.3.3.1 Legend for E) Use Table 4.2 if
original E is unknown. Table 4.2 Unknown Butt welded .70 A
If you dont know! Use unknown
Q12. What is the minimum dimension and minimum required corner radius for
a
replacement shell insert plate in a bottom shell course that is 1.750 inches
thick?
A) 21 inches is the minimum dimension and there must be at least a 10.5 inch
radius
B) 12 inches is the minimum dimension and there must be at least a 6 inch
radius
C) 21 inches is the minimum dimension and there must be at least a 2
inch radius
D) 8.75 inches (minimum) and there must be at least a 2 inch radius
Ans = A (653, Par. 9.2.2.1 & Fig 9.1) 12 in. or 12t (use greater = 21 in.) and
minimum radius = Dimension R = Greater of 6 inches or 6 t In this case,
its a 10.5 inch radius.
9.2.2 Minimum Dimensions of Replacement Shell Plate

9.2.2.1 The minimum dimension for a replacement shell plate is 12 in. or 12
times the thickness of the replacement plate, whichever is greater.
The replacement plate may be circular, oblong, square with rounded corners,
or rectangular with rounded corners except when an entire shell plate is
replaced. See Figure 9.1 for typical details of acceptable replacement shell
plates.
Q13. An alteration of a bottom shell course = adding a 0.75 inch thick

tombstone shell insert replacement plate into an existing 0.75 inch thick shell.
Prior to welding the new vertical joints of the tombstone shell insert, the
existing bottom to shell fillet weld must be cut a minimum length of 12 inches
in both directions, and the cut must extend past or stop short of an existing
annular plate butt weld. What is the API 653 required spacing required for
the given shell plate thickness of 1 inch?
A) 3 inches B) 5 inches D) 12 inches D) None of these are correct
Answer = D (653, Figure 9.1 C Note 3 At least 3 inches or 5 t 5t =
3.75 in. = D
Q14. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE regarding minimum

and maximum dimensions that are allowed by API 653 on shell repairs
using Lap-welded Patch Plates?
A) All corners, except at shell to bottom joint, shall be rounded to a 2 in.
minimum radius
B) The maximum horizontal and vertical dimension = 48 inches & 72 inches
respectively
C) Minimum dimension = 4 inches & maximum shell thickness to be repaired
= inch
D) Repair plate material minimum thickness allowed = 3/16 inch (4.76mm)
Answer = B (653, Para. 9.3.1.2 thru 9.3.1.7)
9.3 Shell Repairs Using Lap-welded Patch Plates
9.3.1.3 Except as permitted in 9.3.3.2 and 9.3.4.3, the repair plate material
shall be the smaller of 1/2 in. or the thickness of the shell plate adjacent to
the repairs, but not less than 3/16 in.
Q15. A roof-to-shell joint is considered frangible IF:

A) It is attached to top angle of tank with a continuous fillet weld all around on
the top
B) It is attached to the top angle of the tank with an intermittent fillet weld all
on the top
C) It will fail prior to shell-to-bottom joint in the event of excessive internal
pressurization
D) The joint slope does not exceed 2:12 & support members are not directly
attached to roof
Answer: C Reference (API 653, Para. 4.2.2.2 & API 650, Section 5.10.2.6)
Q16. Tank material may likely satisfy the recognized toughness if it was
constructed:
A) To 5th Edition of API 650 (App A)
B) To 5th Edition of API 650 (App C)
C) To 5th Edition of API 650 (App G)
D) To 5th Edition of API 650 (App H)
Answer: C Reference (API 653, Para. 3.21 & Para. 5.3.2)
Q17. What are the required spacings between an existing nozzle (NPS 12 with
A)
B)
C)
D)
reinforcement) located to the left side of a proposed hot tap nozzle (NPS 12 with
reinforcement also) and a vertical shell weld (located to the right side of the
proposed hot tap location? Information: UT scan of proposed hot tap location in
first shell course revealed no laminations. A vertical weld to the right of proposed
hot tap location = 100% radiographed and no horizontal welds are in the
immediate area. Tank diameter is 90 feet and the shell plate on the first course in
the proposed area of the hot tap measures 0.750 inches. Formula = square root of
RT is used.
Spacing = 10 in. between both nozzle repad (and hot tap nozzle repad) and the
vertical weld
Spacing = 20 in. between nozzle repad (and hot tap nozzle repad) and 12 in. (?) to
vertical weld
Spacing = 28 in. between both nozzle repad (and hot tap nozzle repad) and the
vertical weld
Spacing = 10 inches between nozzle repad (and hot tap nozzle repad) & 6 in. to
vertical weld
Answer: B (Reference: API 653, Section 9.14.3.1 & Figure 9.10

(RT) = (540x0.750) = 20.12
Correct answer: 20 & 10?
API650: Figure 5.6Minimum Weld Requirements for Openings in Shells According to 5.7.3
Q18. Regarding evaluation of floating roof components for corrosion &

suitability for continued service, which of the statements below is NOT
TRUE regarding the criteria for repair and replacement of thinning and
damaged sections?
A) Any roof plates corroded to an average thickness of less than 0.09 inches
in any 100 in. area or any plates with holes through roof plate (result of
through-pitting) shall be repaired/replaced
B) Roof plate & pontoon areas exhibiting cracks or punctures (holes resulting
often from mechanical damage) shall be repaired OR the affected sections
shall be replaced
C) If through-pitting is likely before the end of the next inspection interval, it is
required to repair or replace any affected areas
D) Roof plates having holes (as a result of through-pitting) shall be replaced
Answer: D (Ref: API 653, Sect 4.2 & Par. 4.2.1.2 & 4.2.3.1/2) Repaired or
replaced
Q19. On a reconstructed tank, the horizontal and vertical joints in a tank

bottom shell course and second shell course
(where shell material = 1.25 in. thick at both courses). Minimum preheat
requirement per API 653 in this case is:
Additional information: Shell material is believed to be Group # 1 (ASTM
A283 Gr. C), but this cannot be confirmed. Physical measurements in the
weld joint verified a 0.750 inch joint t.
A) 32F
B) 50F
C) 140F
D) 200F
Answer: C (Reference: API 653, Section 10.4.2.3 & 10.4.4.3) Over 1.5
inches = 200F
Q20. When determining a controlling thickness in a shell course with

corroded areas of considerable size, Inspector shall determine all of the
following EXCEPT:
A) Minimum thickness, t2, at any point in corroded area, excluding widely
scattered pits
B) Authorized inspector shall select the vertical planes most likely affected by
corrosion
C) Authorized inspector shall calculate critical length L = 3.7(Dt2) (not more
than 20 in)
D) Authorized inspector shall determine lowest average thickness found, t1
value from an average of at least 5 evenly spaced readings over the
critical Length L
Ans: C Ref (API 653, Para. 4.3.2.1.a/b/c) Not less than 40 inches
Q21. For a tank out of service where an internal tank bottom settlement
survey is being performed, how many internal settlement survey points on the
tank floor must be checked given the additional information below and how
many diametrical lines will result from the survey?
Additional info: Tank diameter = 200 feet & circumference = ( D) or 628 feet
A) 101 survey points based upon 10 evenly spaced diametrical lines
B) 180 survey points based upon 20 evenly spaced diametrical lines
C) 221 survey points based upon 20 evenly spaced diametrical lines
Answer: D (Ref: API 653, Figure B.2 & Note Section 12.5.1.2 rule)
Q22.
Q22. At an area near the very center of the 200 foot diameter tank during one
of many survey points (see the previous question), you found a deep
depression in the tank floor (having single pass welds) measuring 5.00
inches deep having a 15 foot radius. Evaluate depression values given
additional information below and select the best possible answer:
Additional info: Management position is that any depression found in great
excess of API 653 graph values will be repaired, and NO stress analysis
alternatives be allowed. This Management position is because the tank is
located near a river with a high water table and a previous disaster
occurred when a similar service tank floor failed (cracked). The radius of
inscribed circle in the depression measured exactly 15 feet. The length &
width of the depression was 40 feet by 30 feet or elliptical in shape. The
tank is 25 years old and every five years an internal inspection is done.
A. I would reject the depression because the formula and the graphic both
confirm that anything greater than 3.7 inches in 10 feet (BB = 0.37R
formula) is above the allowance, and I would also recommend removal of
the bottom for soil or geotechnical investigation
B. I would accept the depression based on BB = 0.37R formula which allows
5.55 inches, but I would recommend repairs at the earliest opportunity and
request a shortened inspection interval
C. I would reject the depression based on Figure B.10 graph and call for
repairs.
D. I would recommend a rigorous stress analysis assessment as per API 653
Ans: B (API 653, Annex B, Figure B.10 & Para. B3.3 & Formula BB = 0.37R)
Q23. At an area near the outer edge of a 160 foot diameter tank, a deep
depression in the floor that was obviously edge settlement with R
measuring exactly 5 feet from Breakover point and Value Bew = 4.00
inches deep (65% of the allowed 6.125 inches per the graph). Bottom lap
welds were noted as approximately parallel to shell per Fig. B.11.
Evaluate the depression given the additional information below & select
the best possible answer:
Added info: Management position = any depression exceeding API 653
values will be repaired. NO stress analysis alternatives are allowed.
Tank = 35 yrs old & Internal insp intervals = 10 yrs.
A) I would accept the edge settlement based on Graphical representation of

Figure B.11, but I would still recommend a rigorous stress analysis
assessment as per API 653 rules
B) I would document the edge settlement & note maximum allowance =
6.125 inches, and that the tank is 25 years old and that the 4.00 inch value
found is within settlement allowances
C) I would recommend a shorter internal inspection interval on the next run in
the anticipation of supplemental inspection (MT of welds with the settled
area) as the settlement nears 75% of Bew
D) I would document the settlement and witness MT of welds within the
settled area because the settlement exceeds 2 inches. If results were
satisfactory, Id recommend another 10 year interval, but I would also
recommend that repairs due to settlement be expected after the next 10
year run.
Ans: D (API 653, Annex B, Figure B.11 & Para. B3.4.1)
Welds in tanks with settlement greater than or equal 75 % of Bew, and larger
than 2 in., are to be examined with magnetic particle or liquid penetrant
methods.
My answer: B?
B.3.4 Edge Settlement

B.3.4.1 Maximum allowable settlement Bew is shown in Figure B.11 for
settled areas that include bottom lap welds essentially parallel to the shell
(20). In settled areas where the measured settlement B exceeds 75 % of
allowed settlement Bew , all shell-to-bottom welds and bottom welds should
be examined visually and with magnetic particle or liquid penetrant methods.
All indications should be repaired, or evaluated for risk of brittle fracture,
and/or fatigue failure prior to returning the tank to service.
B.3.4.2 For settled areas where measured settlement B exceeds 75 % of
Bew , any welds within 12 in. of either side of the breakover area (see Figure
B.6) should be examined visually. Any suspect areas should be examined
with either magnetic particle examination or liquid penetrant examination. All
indications should be repaired or evaluated for risk of fatigue prior to returning
the tank to service.
Q24. A Tank commissioned in January 2001 (No baseline UT taken) was

inspected in January 2006 when # 1 Shell Course thickness was found to be
0.440 inches. UT inspection performed 5 years later in January 2011 found a
thickness of 0.400 in. at the # 1 Shell Course. What is the corrosion rate and
remaining life expected for this # 1 Shell Course if the calculated tmin = 0.260
inches?
A) Corrosion rate is 8 mpy and the tank remaining life is 17.5 years
B) Corrosion rate is 8 mpy and the tank remaining life is 22.5 years
C) Corrosion rate is 4 mpy and the tank remaining life is 35 years
D) Corrosion rate is 4 mpy and the tank remaining life is 45 years
Answer = A
Corrosion rate = (0.440-0.400)/5 = 0.008
Remaining life = (0.400-0.260)/0.008 =17.5 years
Q 25. Using API 653 rules to determine Inspection intervals, when is the next
required UT thickness inspection date after the last inspection in January
2011 determined that a .400 inch thickness remained in the bottom shell
course and 0.260 inches = t min, and given all of the other information in
question # 24 above.
A) January 2011 + 5 years (the required maximum interval) = January 2016
B) January 2011 + 8.75 yrs (the maximum required interval) = October 2019
C) January 2011 + 15 years (the required maximum interval) = January 2026
D) None of these is correct per API 653 rules
Answer = B
Corrosion rate=0.008/yr
Interval = RCA/2N = 0.400-0,260/(2x0.008) = 8.75years
Q 26. Determine the minimum acceptable thickness of a shell plate (bottom

course) in a 200 foot diameter 50 foot high Oil Storage tank (maximum
liquid level = 48 ft) having a Designed Specific Gravity of 1.00 constructed
per API 650, 1st Edition, 1961, Basic Standard, using A283 Gr. C shell
material of 1.500 inch thickness?
A) 1.034 inches
B) 1.218 inches
C) 1.244 inches
D) 1.250 inches
Answer = B
tmin = 2.6(H-1)DG/SE = 2.6(47)200/(23600) = 1.036

A) 1.034 inches
B) 1.218 inches
C) 1.244 inches
D) 1.250 inches
Answer = B
tmin = 2.6(H-1)DG/SE = 2.6(47)200/(23600) = 1.036

A) 1.034 inches
B) 1.218 inches
C) 1.244 inches
D) 1.250 inches
Answer = B
tmin = 2.6(H-1)DG/SE = 2.6(47)200/(23600 x 0.85) = 1.218
(No rushing-read the question carefully!)
Q27. Determine minimum acceptable thickness of a generally corroded 3rd

course shell plate (Tank has 5 shell courses and each course measures 10 ft)
with a tank diameter of 150 foot, in Oil Service (Maximum Liquid Level = 48 ft)
with Specific Gravity of 1.00 constructed per API 650, 7th Edition using Spot
RT, with shell material construction of A516 Gr. 70)?
A) 0.076 inches
B) 0.100 inches
C) 0.319 inches
D) 0.375 inches
Answer = D
tmin = 2.6(28)150/(33000x 0.85) = 0.389 (be careful! No rushing!)
tmin = 2.6(28-1)150/(33000x 0.85) = 0.375 (correct!)
(No rushing-read the question carefully!)
Q28. What is hydrostatic test height of a tank built to API 650, 7th Edition,
Basic STD, 90 foot diameter, 50 feet total height, with a 48 feet maximum
design fill height, specific gravity = 1.0, five shell courses each at 10 feet high,
material A-516 Gr. 70 & t min required on the first shell course (to be used in
calcs) is 0.366 in.?
Additional information relevant to the pressure test: There is no overflow on
the tank & the maximum height to the top rim = 50 feet, 0 inches from the tank
bottom
A) 44.9 feet
B) 47.9 feet
C) 48 feet
D) 50 feet
Answer: H = StEtmin /(2.6xD) +1 = 52.615 used 50, ANS:D
St = 33000psi, E= 1
Closed Books
Q31. The maximum dimension along the shell for a welded on patch plate in
critical zone is:
A) 12 inches
B) 24 inches
C) 48 inches
D) 72 inches
Ans: B (Ref API 653, Para. 9.10.1.1 & Figure 9.9 & CRITICAL NOTE 3)
Q32. The maximum thickness for a welded on patch plate in the critical zone
is:
A) two inches
B) one inch
C) of an inch
D) inch
Ans: D (Ref API 653, Para. 9.10.1.2.a & Figure 9.9 Sect. A-A view) -in
maximum
NOTE 1
Dimensions given are from toe of fillet welds or to centerline of butt-weld and also
apply to new-to-existing welds.
NOTE 2
Minimum distance between two welded-on patch plates in the critical zone shall be
one half of the lesser of L1 or L2.
NOTE 3
The maximum dimension along the shell for welded-on patch plates in the critical zone
is 24 in.
NOTE 4
When the edge of a welded-on patch plate is approximately parallel to a bottom seam,
the edge shall be held at least 2 in. from weld seam.
NOTE 5
Patches over three-plate laps shall extend a minimum of 12 in. in all directions along
all laps beyond the three-plate lap.
NOTE 6
These rules apply to butt-welded bottoms, where applicable.
NOTE 7
Applies to shells of unknown toughness.
Figure 9.13Typical Welded-on Patch Plates on Tank Bottom Plates
9.10 Repair of Tank Bottoms

9.10.1 Repairing a Portion of Tank Bottoms
9.10.1.1 General Repair Requirements
The use of welded-on patch plates for repairing a portion of uniformly
supported tank bottoms is permitted within the limitations given in this
section and 9.10.1.2. See Figure 9.13 for acceptable details for welded-on
patch plates.
a. The minimum dimension for a welded-on patch plate that overlaps a
bottom seam or existing patch is 12 in. The welded-on patch plate may be
circular, oblong, or polygonal with rounded corners.
b. A welded-on patch plate smaller than 12 in. in diameter is permitted if: it is
equal to or exceeds 6 in. in diameter; it does not overlap a bottom seam; it
is not placed fully or partially over an existing patch; and it extends beyond
the corroded bottom area, if any, by at least 2 in.
c. Welded-on patch plates shall not be placed over areas of the tank bottom
that have global dishing, local dishing [except as allowed by 9.10.1.1 d)],
settlement, or distortion greater than the limits of Annex B.
NOTE If the tank is still undergoing settlement, the addition of welded-on
patch plate may not be advisable.
d. A welded-on patch plate may be placed over a mechanical dent or local

dishing if: its unsupported dimension does not exceed 12 in. in any
direction; it is at least 1/4 in. thick; it is at least as thick as the existing
bottom; and does not overlap seams nor other patches, except for tanks
designed in accordance with API 650, Annex M, which shall have weldedon patch plates at least 3/8 in. thick.
e. These repairs are permanent repairs subject to an on-going inspection
and maintenance program.
f. Installation of a new sump shall conform to API Standard 650 Section 5,
paragraph 5.8.7 (Water Drawoff Sumps), Tables 5-16a and 5-16b and
Figure 5-21.
Things to remember on bottom plate patch welding repairs:

The minimum patch plate 12
Patch plate 12, 6 could be used:
If does not overlaps any bottom weld and the patch plate perimeter extend
beyond the corroded area by 2
At least for place over mechanical dent, dishing.
9.10.1.2 Repairs within the Critical Zone

The use of welded-on patch plates is permitted for repairing a portion of tank
bottoms within the critical zone (see 3.10 for definition) provided 9.10.1.1
requirements and the following additional requirements are met.
a) Maximum plate thickness for welded-on patch plates within the critical
zone is 1/4-in. and must meet the toughness requirements of API 650,
Section 4.2.10.
b) When a welded-on patch plate is within 6 in. of the shell, the welded-on
patch plate shall be tombstone shaped. The sides of the tombstone
shaped welded-on patch plate shall intersect the shell-to-bottom joint at
approximately 90.
c) Perimeter welds on welded-on patch plates within the critical zone shall be
two-pass, minimum, and examined per 12.1.1.3 and 12.1.7.2.
d) Installation of a welded-on patch plate by butt-welding to an adjacent
existing patch is not permitted in the critical zone.
e) Welded-on patch plates over existing patches are not allowed in the
critical zone.
f)
The bottom plate under the perimeter of a welded-on patch plate shall
meet the thickness requirements in 4.4. (0.05 or 0.1)
g) For tanks with shell plate of unknown toughness as defined in Section 3,
new fillet welds utilized to install a tombstone patch plate in the critical
zone shall be spaced at least the greater of 3 in. or 5t from existing
vertical weld joints in the bottom shell course, where t is the thickness of
the bottom shell course, in inches. See Figure 9.13 for further guidance
on weld spacing.
NOTE The bottom plate thickness at the attachment weld must be at least
0.1-in. thick before welding the welded-on patch plate to the bottom plate.
Refer to API 2207 for further information.
API RP 2207 (R2012) Preparing Tank Bottoms for Hot Work, Sixth Edition
Things to remember on critical zone patch welding repairs:

The maximum patch plate 24
The maximum patch plate thickness
Q 33. Before welding a welded on patch plate, the bottom plate thickness at
the attachment weld must be at least how thick?
A) .090 inches
B) .050 inches
C) .100 inches
D) As per 653 tables
Answer: C (Ref API 653, Para. 9.10.1.2.f (Note)
Q 34. A Galvanic Cathodic Protection system is a system that:
A) Uses a metal less active than the structure to stop corrosion
B) Uses a metal more active than the structure to stop corrosion
C) Uses a chemical to stop corrosion
D) Uses a coating to stop corrosion
Answer: B (Reference API 651, Para. 6.2.1) 3.26 Definitions for Galvanic
CP )
Q35. All new materials for repair, alterations or reconstruction shall conform
to:
A) As-built standard
B) Current applicable standard
C) Original construction standard (as a minimum requirement)
D) None of these is correct
Answer: B Reference (API 653, Par. 7.2)
Q 36. Which of the following statements is NOT correct regarding the

minimum content on an Inspection report per the requirements of API 653?
A) Date of insp, type of insp (external or internal) & scope of insp, including
any areas that were not inspected, with reasons given (e.g. limited scope
or physical access)
B) Description of tank (number, size, capacity, etc), List of components
inspected and conditions found (checklist such as found in Annex C may
be used) & deficiencies found
C) Insp methods and tests used (visual, MFL, UT, etc.) and results of each
inspection method or test, Corrosion rates (bottom, shell), Settlement
survey results if performed
D) Name, company, & signature of the Inspector responsible for the
inspection
Answer: D Reference (API 653, Par. 6.9.2.j) Records must show the
Authorized API 653 Inspectors number along with other details See item J)
Comments: AI name has to be shown
Q37. According to ASME Sec. IX, welding filler metals are grouped into
groupings (based on their usability) as:
A) P-Numbers
B) F-numbers
C) Z-numbers
D) AWS specified
Answer: B (Reference: ASME IX, QW-422)
Q38. Which of the following tank roof types are used to reduce filling and
breathing loss by eliminating vapor space?
A) Cone roof
B) Umbrella-roof
C) Vapor-dome roof
D) Floating roof
Answer: D (Reference API 575, Para. 4.2.3 Third Paragraph)
Q 39. An AC yoke should have a lifting power of at least:

A) 5 pounds
B) 10 pounds
C) 20 pounds
D) 40 pounds
Answer: B (Reference: ASME V, Article 7, T-762.b)
Q 40. Tank Bottom Release Prevention Systems per API 653 include all of
the following EXCEPT:
A) Internal inspection of the tank bottom
B) Leak detection systems and leak testing of the tank
C) Installing an area impressed current CP system for the entire tank farm
D) Lining tank interior bottom or providing a RPB under the tank bottom
Ans: C Reference (API 653, Par. 4.4.3) CP must be for underside of the
tank)
4.4.3 Tank Bottom Release Prevention Systems (RPSs)

API supports the use of a release prevention system (RPS) to maintain the
integrity of tank bottoms. The term RPS refers to the suite of API standards
and recommended practices that are designed to maintain tank integrity and
thus protect the environment. With respect to tank bottoms, these include:
internal inspection of the tank bottom;
leak detection systems and leak testing of the tank;
installing cathodic protection for the underside of the tank bottom;
lining the bottom of the tank interior;
providing a release prevention barrier (RPB) under the tank bottom; or
some combination of these measures, depending on the operating
environment and service of the tank.
Other possible steps?
Installing CP for tank internal (bottom), which may in effect similar to tank
lining?
Discussion:
Look similar RPS vs. RPB & Question 40.
Discuss the differences
Q41. CP surveys are recommended to ensure the effectiveness of impressed

current cathodic protection systems. How often should this survey be done?
A) Every 10 years
B) When tank is empty
C) Annually
D) Semi-annually
Answer: C (Reference API 653, Para. 11.3.2.3)
Q42. Calcining can occur when concrete has been exposed to:
A) Chemical attack
B) Sulfate-type alkalis
C) Chlorides
D) Prolonged High temperature
Answer: D (Reference API 653, Para. 4.5.1.2)
Q 43. Upon completion of welding of the new tank bottom, the welds may be
inspected by which of the following methods?
A) Radiography
B) Vacuum-box test
C) Tracer Gas test only
D) Either a vacuum box test or a tracer gas test
Answer: D (Reference API 650, Para. 7.3.3 See Para. 8.6 & 8.11 for these
tests)
Q 44. Which of these are API 653 examples of types of Release Prevention
Barrier?
A) Undertank leak detection system designed to identify if a significant leak
occurs
B) Steel bottoms, synthetic materials, clay liners, concrete pads, and all other
barriers or combinations of barriers placed in a bottom of or under a tank
C) Coating systems applied to floors with CP systems used
Answer: B Reference (API 653, Par. 4.4.3.5)
Vacuum Box @ 3psig
Vacuum Box @ 3psig

7.3.7 Testing of the Roof 7.3.7.1 Upon completion, the roof of a tank designed
to be gas-tight (except for roofs designed under 7.3.7.2, F.4.4, and E.7.5)
shall be tested by one of the following methods. a) Applying internal air
pressure not exceeding the weight of the roof plates and applying to the weld
joints a bubble solution or other material suitable for the detection of leaks. b)
Vacuum testing the weld joints in accordance with 8.6 to detect any leaks.
7.3.7.2 Upon completion, the roof of a tank not designed to be gas-tight, such
as a tank with peripheral circulation vents or a tank with free or open vents,
shall receive only visual examination of its weld joints, unless otherwise
specified by the Purchaser.
Q 45. Bottom Plate Thickness Measurements most commonly utilize which of

the following reliable methods for determining tank bottom plate soil side
corrosion:
A) Magnetic flux leakage (MFL) tools & ultrasonic (UT) thickness
measurement tools
B) Magnetic flux leakage (MFL) tools & sample plate removal (coupons)
taken from floor
C) Magnetic flux leakage (MFL) tools only per Annex G requirements of API
653
D) None of these is correct because tank bottom plate testing is never
reliable
Answer: A Reference (API 653, Par. 4.4.4)
MFL
MFL
Q46. Unless a stress analysis is performed, the minimum tank bottom plate*
thickness in the critical zone of the tank must NEVER be less than:
A) The tmin value, as isolated pitting will not appreciably affect the strength of
the plate
B) 653 value in Bottom Plate Minimum Thickness table (depends on
foundation design)
C) 0.050 inches (*does not apply to annular plates)
D) 0.100 inches (*does not apply to annular plates)
Answer: D Reference (API 653, Par. 4.4.5.4)
Discussion:
Which is more Critical
a. The critical zone
b. The annular plate
Q 47. What is the required minimum thickness & minimum projection distance
of a bottom plate beyond the shell as measured from toe of outside
bottom-to-shell fillet weld? (Assume you are evaluating corroded
condition of the chime area)
A) Thickness shall not be less than .050 in. & projection of bottom plate = at
least 3/8 in.
B) Thickness shall not be less than .100 in. & bottom plate projection = at
least 3/8 in.
C) Thickness shall not be less than .050 in. & projection of bottom plate = at
least in.
D) Thickness shall not be less than .100 in. & projection of bottom plate = at
least in.
Q48. Reported incidents of tank failure due to brittle fracture failure occurred
during all of the following times EXCEPT:
A) Failure occurred shortly after erection during hydrostatic testing
B) Failure occurred upon the first filling of the tank in cold weather
C) Failure occurred after a change to higher temperature service
D) Failure occurred after a tank repair/alteration was done
Ans: C Ref (API 653, Par. 5.2.2) After a change to a lower temp service)
Q49. The purpose of Periodic in-service inspection of tanks is to:
A) Assure continued tank integrity
B) Assure proper operation of the tank
C) Meet jurisdictional requirements
D) None of these is correct per API 653
Answer: A Reference (API 653, Par. 6.1)
Q50. Routine In-service Inspections are best described by which of the

following?
A) External tank condition monitored by regular (daily) close visual
inspections from the ground & must be performed by Authorized Inspector
or approved designate
B) External tank condition monitored by regular (weekly) close visual
inspections from the ground & may be performed by an Authorized
Inspector or his approved designate
C) External tank condition monitored by regular (monthly) close visual
inspections from the ground & may be performed by Authorized Inspector
or owner/operator personnel
D) External tank condition monitored by regular (yearly) close visual
inspections from the ground & may be performed by Authorized Inspector
or owner/operator personnel
Answer: C Reference (API 653, Par. 6.3.1.1/2)
Q51. Items that should be documented in a Routine insp include all these
EXCEPT:
A) Signs of settlement and any evidence of shell distortions
B) Condition of foundation, appurtenances, and coating and insulation
systems
C) Condition of the RPB liners and any Undertank Leak Detection systems
D) Evidence of any leaks and corrosion
Answer: C Reference (API 653, Par. 6.3.1.3)
Q52. All tanks shall be given a visual external inspection by an authorized
inspector not to
exceed:
A) The lesser of 5 years or RCA 4N years
B) The greater of 5 years or RCA 4N years
C) The lesser of 5 years or RCA 2N years
D) The greater of 5 years or RCA 2N years
Answer: A Reference (API 653, Par. 6.3.2.1)
Q53. The tank for which corrosion rates are NOT known is called the:
A) Candidate Tank
B) Control Tank
C) Service Tank
D) Critical Tank
Answer: A Reference (API 653, Para. 3.6)
Q54. Where does the new nameplate need to be attached to a reconstructed
tank?
A) Above the manway at the access point (located so as to be seen clearly)
B) Adjacent to the existing nameplate (if one exists) on the tank shell
C) No new nameplate needs to be added
Answer: B (Ref API 653, Para. 13.1.2)
Q55. Per API 653, when Controlled deposition welding methods are
employed in lieu of
PWHT, what is required after the finished repair weld has cooled to an
ambient
temperature?
A) Final post heat (hydrogen bake out treatment) must be performed ASAP
B) Final temper bead reinforcement layer shall be removed/made flush with
base metal
C) Final insp and NDT specified must then be completed & accepted by the
Inspector
D) None of these is correct regarding the Controlled Deposition welding
procedure
Answer: B Ref (API 653, Para. 11.3.2.e.9)
Q56. When Controlled deposition welding methods are employed in lieu of

PWHT using SMAW (7018-H4) welds, how long must post heat (hydrogen
bake out) be?
A) 7018-H4 SMAW welds allow post heat (hydrogen bake out treatments) to
be omitted
B) 7018-H4 SMAW welds require a 1 2 hour bake out at 260C 30C
(500F 50F)
C) 7018-H4 SMAW welds require a 2 4 hour bake out at 260C 30C
(500F 50F)
D) 7018-H4 SMAW welds require a 3 6 hour bake out at 260C 30C
(500F 50F)
Answer: A Ref (API 653, Para. 11.3.2.e.8)
Q57. What finished welds do NOT require stamping of ID for welder (or
operator)?
A) Only floor plate welds and roof plate welds and flange to nozzle-neck
welds
B) Only roof plate welds and flange to nozzle-neck welds do not require ID
stamps
C) Only flange to nozzle-neck welds do not require welder (operator) ID
stamps
D) None of these! Finished welds must always be stamped by a welder
(operator)
Answer: B Reference (API 653, Para. 11.2.2)
Q58. Per API 653, if a material specification (steel from an existing tank) is
unknown or obsolete (no longer made), what is required to verify
weldability before making a PQR test coupon?
A) Nothing can be done in this case, and the material cannot be used for tank
B) PQR Test coupons shall be made from lowest strength material in API 650
Group I
C) PQR Test coupons shall be taken from a similar strength & similar API
650 Group
D) PQR Test coupons shall be taken from actual plate to be used
Answer: D Reference (API 653, Para. 11.1.1)
Q59. What type of settlement occurs when tank shell settles sharply around
the tank periphery, resulting in deformation of the bottom plate?
A) Uniform B) Edge
C) Planar tilting D) Tank Bottom
Ans: B (Ref API 653, Annex B, Par. B.2.3.1) 4 major types of settlement!
Q60. On a reconstructed tank, the cut lines along the floor and the shell
adjacent to the corner welds must be how far away (at least) from the corner
weld toe?
A) two inches B) one inch
C) of an inch D) inch
Ans: D (Ref API 653, Para. 10.3.3.3 & Figure 10.1) inch rule!
Q61. What is the maximum internal insp interval of an Asphalt Storage tank or
other tank storing highly viscous substances that solidify at temps below
110F?
A) 10 years B) 12 years
C) 15 years D) 20 years
Answer: A Ref (API 653, Par. 6.4.2.6) 6.4.2.1 & 6.4.2.2 RBI rules DO NOT
APPLY)(?)
6.4.2.1.2 As an alternative to establishing the initial interval in accordance with Section

6.4.2.1 and Table 6.1, the initial internal inspection date and reassessment can be
established using Risk Based Inspection (RBI) assessment per 6.4.2.2.2.
These assessments may establish an initial inspection interval exceeding 10 years but
shall not exceed 20 years for tanks without a Release Prevention Barrier, or 30 years
for tanks with a Release Prevention Barrier except as follows.
If an RBI assessment has been performed, the maximum initial internal inspection
interval does not apply to tanks storing the following.
1) Highly viscous substances which solidify at temperatures below 110 F, (some
examples of these substances are: asphalt, roofing flux, residuum, vacuum bottoms
and reduced crude), or;
2) Any substance or mixture that is:
a) not identified or regulated either as a hazardous chemical or material under the
applicable laws of the jurisdiction; and
b) that the owner/operator has determined will not adversely impact surface or
groundwater beyond the facility or affect human health or the environment.
Q62. When used, UT thickness measurement intervals are (for unknown

corrosion rates):
A) Maximum interval shall be the lesser of 5 years or RCA 4N years
B) Maximum interval shall be the greater of 10 years or RCA 4N years
C) Maximum interval shall be the lesser of 15 years or RCA 2N years
D) Maximum interval shall be 5 years
Answer: D Reference (API 653, Par. 6.3.3.2.a)
Q63. When used, UT thickness measurement intervals are (for known

corrosion rates):
A) Maximum interval shall be the lesser of 5 years or RCA 4N years
B) Maximum interval shall be the greater of 10 years or RCA 4N years
C) Maximum interval shall be the lesser of 15 years or RCA 2N years
D) Maximum interval shall be 5 years
Answer: C Reference (API 653, Par. 6.3.3.2.a)
Q64. RBI assessment performed in association with internal inspection
intervals shall be reviewed and approved by:
A) Owner/Operator & ST Engineer
B) Owner/Operator & Authorized Inspector
C) ST Engineer & Authorized Inspector
D) Owner/Operator & Authorized Insp Agency
Answer: C Reference (API 653, Par. 6.4.2.4)
Q65. Which of the following statements is NOT correct regarding Inspection

report requirements per API 653?
A) Each external & internal insp performed requires a written report be
prepared by the owner/operator of the AST and these reports shall be
maintained for the life of the tank
B) Authorized inspector shall prepare a written report after every internal &
external insp
C) These insp reports & any inspector recommendations/documentation of
disposition (repairs, etc) shall be maintained by the owner/operator for the
life of the tank
D) Local jurisdictions may have additional reporting/record keeping
requirements for tank inspections
Answer: A Reference (API 653, Par. 6.9.1)
Q66. A formal internal inspection must be conducted every (assume the time
is from initial internal inspection to the 2nd internal inspection with no RBI
or similar service assessment and only the corrosion rate procedures will
be used):
A) 5 years B) 10 years
C) 20 years D) 25 years
Answer: C Reference (API 653, Par. 6.4.2.2 & Table)
Q67. Primary reasons/requirements for doing internal inspections include all
of these EXCEPT:
A) Ensure that the bottom is not severely corroded and leaking
B) Gather data needed for minimum bottom & shell thickness assessments
(also using those external UT thickness readings obtained during any inservice inspections)
C) Identify and evaluate any tank bottom settlement that may be evident
D) Identify and evaluate any roof or floating roof underside corrosion or holing
Ans: D Reference (API 653, Par. 6.4.1.1) D is the correct answer
because it is not the PRIMARY concern The primary concern = the shell
and floor No release of product)
Q68. Before doing a hot tap or adding a reinforcement plate, what NDT is
needed?
A) MT or PT exam B) UT thickness and lamination scan
C) RT and MT or PT D) Visual examination ONLY
Q69. Where exterior tank bottom corrosion is controlled by a cathodic
protection system, periodic surveys of the system shall be conducted in
accordance with API 651. Who is responsible to review the results of these
CP surveys?
A) Owner/operator B) Authorized Inspector
C) Storage Tank Engineer D) Authorized Insp Agency
Answer: A Reference (API 653, Par. 6.3.4.2 & API 651 Section 11.3.2)
Q70. Where exterior tank bottom corrosion is controlled by a cathodic

protection system, shall be conducted in accordance with API 651 how
often?
A) All sources of impressed current are checked at intervals not exceeding 1
month (unless jurisdiction rules apply) and impressed current protective
facilities inspected every 6 months
B) All sources of impressed current are checked at intervals not exceeding 1
month (unless jurisdiction rules apply) and impressed current protective
facilities are to be inspected annually
C) All sources of impressed current are checked at intervals not exceeding 2
months (unless jurisdiction rules apply) and impressed current protective
D) All sources of impressed current are checked at intervals not exceeding 3
months (unless jurisdiction rules apply) and impressed current protective
Answer: C Reference (API 653, Par. 6.3.4.1 & API 651 Section 11.3.2)
Q71. Tank grounding system components such as shunts or mechanical

connections of cables shall be visually checked. Recommended practices
dealing with prevention of hydrocarbon ignition (incl. that from lightning, static
& stray currents) are covered by what API document?
A) API 2000 B) API 2003 C) API 2016 D) API 2217A
Answer: B Reference (API 653, Par. 6.3.2.3) API Recommended Practice
2003, Protection against Ignitions Arising Out of Static, Lightning, and Stray
Currents
Q72. When design and construction details are not given, and are not
available in the as-built standard, details MUST be used that provide a level
of integrity equal to level provided by:
A) Current edition of API 653
B) Current edition of API 650
C) Edition of API 650 chosen by Engineer
D) Edition of API 650 chosen by Owner/Operator
Answer: B Ref (API 653, Par. 1.1.5) New question for 2012 exams
Q73. When API 653 does not provide specific evaluation procedures or
acceptance criteria for a specific type of degradation or when API 653
explicitly allows the use of fitness-forservice criteria, WHAT DOCUMENT
MAY BE USED to evaluate the various types of degradation or test
requirements addressed in API 653?
A) API 579-1/ASME FFS-1
B) API 580
C) API 581
Answer: A Ref (API 653, Par. 1.1.6) New question for 2012 exams
Q74. If an API 653 provision is in conflict with a jurisdictional regulation or

requirement, and the API 653 requirement is more stringent, which of the
following statements is correct?
A) Jurisdictional reqmts SHALL govern in all cases and must be used instead
of API 653
B) Jurisdictional reqmts SHOULD govern and may (or may not) be used
instead of API 653
C) API 653 requirements SHALL be followed if they are more stringent than
jurisdiction rules
D) API 653 requirements SHOULD be followed if they are more stringent
than jurisdiction rules
Answer: C Reference (API 653, Para. 1.3)
Q75. Where welding and hot work are involved, WHAT API DOCUMENT
states Except in areas specifically designated as safe for hot work, a hot
work permit shall be obtained before starting any work that can involve a
source of ignition.
A) API 2015
B) API 2201
C) API 2217A
D) API 2009
Answer: D Reference (API 653, Para. 1.4) New question for 2012 exams
API RP 2009 (R2007) Safe Welding and Cutting Practices in Refineries,
Gasoline Plants, and Petrochemicals Plants. standard by American
Petroleum Institute
Q76. The document for Personnel Qualification and Certification in NDT is:
A) ASNT SNT-TC-1A
B) ASME V, Article 1
C) ASNT CP-189
D) None of these
Ans: A Reference (API 653, Para. 2.1) Expect this to come up in OB (most
likely) or CB!
Q77. The standard used for repairs or alterations made after original
construction is the:
A) As-built standard
B) As-built standard only for those repairs or alterations
C) Construction STD only for those repairs or alterations
Ans: B Ref (API 653, Par. 3.2 5th Sent of 5 in definition) New question
2012 exams
Q78. API 653 Annex A provides a list of API welded storage tank standards
that goes back to 1936 and the ALL-WELDED OIL STORAGE TANKS (All
Tanks before that were riveted). What was the name of the 1936 API
standard?
A) API 650
B) API 12B
C) API 620
D) API 12C
Ans: D Ref (API 653, Para. 3.2, Annex A & Table A.1) ) New question for
2012 exams
Note: 12A-Riveted, 12B=Bolted, 12C-Welded
Q79. The area on the tank bottom where the settlement begins is called:
A) Bulging Point
B) Settlement Point
C) Breakover Point
D) None of these
Q80. Installing a shell penetration larger than NPS 12 beneath design liquid
level is considered:
A) Alteration
B) Repair
C) Major alteration
D) None of these
Q81. Complete or partial (if more than of the weld thickness) removal &
replacement of more than 12 in. of vertical weld joining shell plates or radial
weld joining annular plate ring is:
A) Repair
B) Alteration
C) Major repair
D) None of these
Q82. Removing and replacing or adding a shell plate beneath the design
liquid level where the longest dimension of the replacement plate exceeds 12
inches is considered:
A) Repair
B) Alteration
C) Major repair
D) None of these
Q83. A condition that exists when the material of a component is deemed

acceptable for use by provisions of many requirements for Brittle Fracture
assessment using the decision tree:
A) Unknown toughness
B) Acceptable toughness
C) Recognized toughness
D) None of these
Q84. Tank material may likely satisfy the recognized toughness definition if
metal temperature operates at temperatures not less than:
A) 50F
B) 60F
C) 70F
D) None of these
Answer: B Reference (API 653, Para. 3.21 & Para. 5.3.6)
Rounded porosity
Worm-hole type porosity
Q85. Which of the following meets the definition of a repair organization?

A) Owner/operator of ASTs who repairs or alters his own equipment without
following API 653
B) Contractor making repairs/alterations to API 653 with qualifications
acceptable to AST Owner/Op.
C) One who makes repairs per API 653 but is outside of and not authorized
by the jurisdiction
D) Contractor making repairs/alterations with qualifications acceptable to
AST Owner/Op.
Answer: B Reference (API 653, Para. 3.25)
Q86. Process by which corrosion rates & inspection intervals are established
for a candidate tank using corrosion rates and service history from a
control tank for the purpose of establishing the next inspection date is
called a(n):
A) Corrosion Rate determination
B) Inspection Interval assessment
C) Similar service assessment
D) None of these
Q87. One or more persons or organizations acceptable to owner/operator &

knowledgeable & experienced in the engineering disciplines associated with
evaluating mechanical & material characteristics that affect the integrity and
reliability of aboveground storage tanks is:
A) Fitness for Service Organization
B) Engineering Organization
C) Storage Tank Engineer
D) None of these
Storage Tank
Engineer- One or
More.
Q88. In order to qualify for a hydrotest exemption after a major repair or a

major alteration, ALL OF THESE CONDITIONS FOR SHELL REPAIRS
SHALL BE MET EXCEPT (1 statement = false):
A) New vertical and horizontal shell butt-welds shall have complete joint
penetration and fusion
B) Root pass (shell t > 1 inch) shall be back gouged & examined full length
by MT or PT methods
C) Final weld pass (all shell thicknesses) shall be examined full length by MT
or PT methods
D) Finished welds shall be fully (100%) radiographed.
Answer: C Ref (API 653, Section 12.3.2.3.4/5) Final weld pass > 1 inch
shall be MTd or PTd
12.3.2.3.5 The root pass and final pass examination shall be in accordance
with 12.1.5. In addition, the finished weld shall be fully radiographed.
12.1.5 Shell Plate to Shell Plate Welds
12.1.5.1 New full penetration welds attaching existing shell plate to existing or
new shell plate shall be examined by
radiographic methods (see 12.2). In addition, for plate thicknesses greater
than 1 in., the back-gouged surface of the root pass and final pass (each side)
shall be examined for its complete length by magnetic particle or liquid
penetrant methods.
12.1.5.2 New welds joining new shell plate material to new shell plate
material (partial or full shell course replacement or addition) need only be
examined radiographically in accordance with API 650, Section 8.1.

major alteration, ALL OF THESE CONDITIONS FOR SHELLS/NOZZLES
SHALL BE MET EXCEPT (1 statement = false):
A) Shell welds for reinforcement-to-nozzle neck joints shall have complete
penetration & fusion
B) Shell welds for nozzle neck-to-shell joints shall have complete penetration
and fusion
C) Root pass of nozzle attachment weld shall be back-gouged and MT or PT
examined
D) Completed nozzle attachment welds shall also be MT or PT examined
Answer: D Ref (API 653, Section 12.3.2.3.6) UT SHEAR WAVE is also
required for exemption
12.3.2.3.6 Shell welds for the reinforcing plate-to-nozzle neck and nozzle
neck-to-shell joints shall have complete penetration and fusion. The root pass
of the nozzle attachment weld shall be back-gouged and examined by
magnetic particle or liquid penetrant methods. The completed weld shall be
examined by magnetic particle or liquid penetrant methods and by the
ultrasonic method. Examination and acceptance criteria for NDE shall be in
accordance with 12.1.

major alteration, all these conditions for bottom repairs in critical zone
shall be met except (1 statement = false):
A) Repairs to annular ring or bottom plate meet API 653 WPS rules, impact
test requirements, and new materials = current API 650 edition, & existing
materials = API 650 (7th Edition or later)
B) Annular plate butt-welds shall also be examined by radiographic methods
after a final pass.
C) Joints shall be examined after root and final pass by MT or PT methods
D) Joints shall be examined visually prior to welding
Answer: B Ref (API 653, Sect. 12.3.2.3.4.1.a/b) Ultrasonic Testing (Shear
Wave) is required

major alteration, all these conditions for shell-to-bottom weld repairs shall
be met except (1 statement = false):
A) The repaired portion of the weld meets the fillet size requirements of API
650 (Sect. 5.1.5.7)
B) Portion replaced does not represent more than 50 % of required weld
cross-sectional area
C) If a weld (one side of shell only) was completely removed & replaced,
length was 24 inches
D) Weld repairs replacing > 50 % of required weld cross-sectional area shall
not be closer than 12 inches to each other, including repairs on the
opposite side of the shell.
Answer: C Ref (API 653, Section 12.3.2.5.1.a/b)

major alteration, all these conditions for shell-to-bottom weld repairs shall
be met except (1 statement = false):
A) Repair areas shall be examined prior to welding visually
B) Repairs shall be examined after the root pass and final pass visually
C) Repairs shall be examined after the root pass and final pass by MT or PT
methods & UT
D) Examination & acceptance criteria for NDEs shall be in accordance with
API 650 & API 653
Answer: C Ref (API 653, Section 12.3.2.5.2) UT is not required in this case
Corner welds
Q93. Which of the statements is FALSE regarding settlement measurements

during hydrotest?
A) Tank settlement is initially surveyed using an even number of elevation
measurement points that are randomly distributed around the
circumference.
B) When settlement is expected during hydrotest, tank foundation is checked
for settlement
C) Initial settlement surveys prior to 1st hydrotest provide base readings for
future evaluations
D) Tank settlement shall initially be surveyed with the tank empty
Answer: A Ref (API 653, Section 12.5 entire section) Uniformly
distributed
Q94. In the absence of an initial settlement survey (to provide base readings
for future settlement evaluations) THE TANK SHALL BE ASSUMED TO
BE:
A) No assumptions may be made because it is critical to evaluate baseline
settlement readings
B) Initially out-of-level and out-of-tolerance
C) Initially level
Answer: C Ref (API 653, Section 12.5 entire section)
Q95. Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding the minimum

number of elevation points (settlement measurement) as indicated by the
following API 653 equation: N = D 10
A) N = minimum required number of settlement measurement points, D =
tank diameter in feet
B) Minimum number of settlement measurements (tank diameter = 50 feet),
50 10 = 5 (five)
C) Maximum spacing between settlement measurement points shall be 32 ft
D) All N values shall be rounded to the next higher whole number
Answer: B Ref (API 653, Section 12.5.1.2) Never less than 8 points
(minimum)
Q96. Tank settlement measurements shall be evaluated for acceptance in

accordance with:
A) API 653 Annex B
B) API 653 Annex C (Inspection Checklists)
C) API 650 Section 5 (Design rules D) API 650 Section 7.3.6 (Hydrotest
Reqmts)
Answer: A Ref (API 653, Section 12.5.1.3)
Q97. Which of these statements is FALSE regarding settlement surveys
during Hydrotesting (that occur after the initial settlement survey with the
tank empty)?
A) Settlement shall be measured during filling (usually 25% intervals)
B) Settlement shall be measured when water reaches 100 % of test level
C) Excessive settlement as per Annex B shall be cause to stop the hydrotest
D) Excessive settlement as per Annex B shall require the foundation be
repaired
Answer: D Ref (API 653, Section 12.5.2) See API 650, 7.3.6.5
Maximum filling rates
Q98. Which of the following statements are FALSE regarding tanks

WITHOUT NAMEPLATES that have required as-built standard information
required to complete a replacement nameplate?
A) New nameplates shall contain as-built STD required info & be marked
assessment nameplate
B) Any replacement nameplates shall be per API 650 & under direction of
Authorized Inspector
C) At owners request a nameplate may be attached to a tank meeting API
650 requirements
D) If required info is available & traceable, a new replacement nameplate
may be attached
Ans: A Ref (API 653, Para. 13.1.2.1/2) Without Nameplates =
Replacement Nameplate
Q99. Which of the following statements are FALSE regarding tanks

WITHOUT NAMEPLATES that DO NOT have required as-built STD info
required to complete a replacement nameplate?
A) If as-built STD info required to complete nameplates is not
available/traceable to a tank, an assessment nameplate may be attached
under certain conditions as per API 653 rules
B) Assessment nameplates may be attached only under direction of the
Authorized Inspector
C) Assessment nameplates may be attached only if suitability for service
assessment is done
D) Such suitability for service assessments shall cover API 653 Section 4 as
a minimum
Ans: D Ref (API 653, Para. 13.1.2.2) Without Nameplates = Assessment
Nameplate
100. What method shall be used to determine the minimum thickness

calculation for tanks having diameters greater than 200 feet?
A) Variable design point method
B) B) The one foot method
C) The one foot design point method D) Tmin formulas given in API 653
Answer: A Ref (API 653, Para. 4.3.3.4) 101. The variable design point
method shall be used to determine the minimum thickness calculation for
tanks having a diameter that is:A) Greater than 200 feet B) Greater than
300 feet
D) Any tank diameter may use the method
E) None of these are correct
Answer: A Ref (API 653, Para. 4.3.3.4)
That I can
read and be
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is a great
blessing.
>| dsssa
Good Luck!

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Q15. A roof-to-shell joint is considered frangible IF: