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15.2 Hormones that

Affect Blood Sugar
Bio 30

Hormones that Affect Blood Sugar

Section 15.2
Blood

sugar levels
controlled by:
Pancreas
Also secretes digestive
enzymes
2. Adrenal Glands
Also regulates kidney
function
1.

THE PANCREAS
Contains

cells called the

Islets of Langerhans
alpha cells produce glucagon
beta cells produce insulin

Look

up these four terms:

Glucose
Glycogen
Glucagon
Insulin

Important Terms
Glucose

= sugar

Glycogen

= stored sugar

Glucagon

= hormone that converts glycogen

to glucose
Insulin

= hormone that converts glucose to

glycogen ** stores glucose or INSULates

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Insulin
Secreted

when blood
sugar levels are high
Causes body to absorb
more sugar
Into cells
Into liver stored as
glycogen
Results in a decrease
of blood sugar
If too much glycogen
stored, converts to fat

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Glucagon
Secreted

when blood
sugar levels are low
Causes conversion of
glycogen into glucose
Turns glycogen into
a usable form
Results in an
increase of blood
sugar
http://www.youtube.co
m/watch?v=ae_jC4FD
OUc

Feedback Loop

Think, Pair, Share

How

do you know when your blood sugar is

too low?

+ Diabetes Mellitus
A

chronic disease in which the body cells

cannot take in glucose properly

Two

types:

Type

1 (Juvenile Onset)

Type

2 (Adult Onset)

Symptoms:

Make a hypothesis

to explain these
symptoms

Type 1 (Juvenile Onset)

Pancreas is unable to
produce insulin
Usually diagnosed in
childhood (virus)
Must take insulin to live
Hypoglycemia (low blood
sugar) leads to unconsciousness, coma, death
~10% (rare)

Type 2 (Adult - Onset)

Decreased insulin
production or ineffective
response to insulin
produced by body
Usually diagnosed in
adulthood and can be
controlled with diet,
exercise, and oral drugs
~90%

Treating diabetes
Type

II diabetes can usually be controlled with diet,

exercise, and oral drugs

Type

I diabetics use insulin injections to maintain healthy

blood glucose levels
Test

levels after meals

Insulin

injections

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Lab Exercise 15.A:

Effect of Hormones on Blood Sugar Levels

p. 483

Lab Exercise 15.A

Complete
One

When

lab analysis in pairs

copy per pair

finished, complete Chapter Qs for

15.1 and 15.2

+ Practice
1.

Diabetes Mellitus is associated with

a)
Too much insulin in the blood
b)
Too high a blood glucose level
c)
Blood that is too dilute
d)
All of the above

2.

The difference between type I and type II diabetes is that

a)
For type II diabetes, insulin is produced but not used, type I
results from lack of insulin production
b)
Treatment for type II involves insulin injections, while type I
can be controlled, usually by diet
c)
Only type I can result in complications such as kidney
disease, reduced circulation or stroke
d)
Type I can be a result of lifestyle, and type II is thought to
be caused by a virus or other agent

Reminders & Exit Slip

Quick

Quiz tomorrow:

Hormones

affecting Blood Sugar Levels

Tomorrow:

How

does your body boost glucose levels

in an emergency?

Exit

Slip:

Compare

and contrast diabetes type 1 and 11

using a Venn Diagram

Review:
Hormones affecting Blood Sugar

Using your notes:

List

2 hormones that affect blood sugar.

How

Do

do they affect blood sugar levels?

they increase or decrease blood sugar

levels?

Assignment
Read

the chapter

Complete

Assignment Questions:

15.2

Be sure you are caught up, including 15.3!