NAMA

: I MADE PUTRA ANTARA

NO

: 27

KELAS

: X TB 2
ENGLISH GRAMMAR: 16 TENSES

Tenses adalah metode berbasis kata kerja yang digunakan untuk menunjukkan waktu ,
dan kadang-kadang kelanjutan atau kelengkapan , dari suatu tindakan atau keadaan berkaitan
dengan waktu berbicara. Jadi konsep tenses merupakan sebuah metode yang biasa digunakan
untuk merujuk pada waktu masa lalu (past), sekarang (present), dan masa depan (future)

PRESENT TENSE
1. SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
Tenses ini digunakan untuk menunjukkan sesuatu yang tetap, kebiasaan atau
kebenaran esensial yang terjadi dimasa sekarang (PRESENT).
RUMUS
(+) Subject (S) (I, You, They, We ) + Verb 1
Subject (S) (He, She, It) + Verb 1 (s/es)
(-) Subject (S) (I, You, They, We ) + do + not + Verb 1
Subject (S) (He, She, It) + Does + not + Verb 1
(?) Do + Subject (S) (I, You, They, We ) + Verb 1?
Does + Subject (S) (He, She, It) + Verb 1?
Contoh:
(+) He studies English everynight.
(-) He does not study English everynight.
(?) Does he study English everynight?

2. PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE

Tenses ini digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu tindakan yang benar-benar sedang
dilakukan saat ini atau sedang berlangsung.
RUMUS
(+) Subject (S) (I, You, They, We ) + to be (am/are) + Verb 1-ing

Subject (S) (He, She, It) + to be (is) + Verb 1-ing

(-) Subject (S) (I, You, They, We ) + to be (am/are) + not + Verb 1-ing
Subject (S) (He, She, It) + to be (is) + not + Verb 1-ing
(?) To be (am/are) + Subject (S) (I, You, They, We ) + Verb 1-ing ?
To be (is) + Subject (S) (He, She, It) + Verb 1-ing ?
Contoh:
(+) She is eating a cake
(-) She is not eating a cake
(?) Is she eating a cake?

3. PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

Tenses ini digunakan untuk menceritakan suatu pengalaman baik itu yang sudah
pernah terjadi atau belum pernah terjadi.
RUMUS
(+) Subject (S) (I, You, They, We ) + have + Verb 3
Subject (S) (He, She, It) + has + Verb 3
(-) Subject (S) (I, You, They, We ) + have + not + Verb 3
Subject (S) (He, She, It) + has + not + Verb 3
(?) Have + Subject (S) (I, You, They, We ) + Verb 3?
Has + Subject (S) (He, She, It) + Verb 3?
Contoh:

(+) I have finished my homework

(-) I have not finished my homework
(?) Have I finished my homework?

4. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE

Present Perfect Continuous Tense digunakan untuk menunjukkan bahwa sesuatu yang
dimulai di masa lalu dan terus dilakukan sampai sekarang .
RUMUS
(+) Subject (S) (I, You, They, We ) + have + been + Verb-ing
Subject (S) (He, She, It) + has + been + Verb-ing
(-) Subject (S) (I, You, They, We ) + have + not + been + Verb-ing
Subject (S) (He, She, It) + has + not + been + Verb-ing
(?) Have + Subject (S) (I, You, They, We ) + been + Verb-ing?
Has + Subject (S) (He, She, It) + been + Verb-ing?
Contoh:
(+) Sean have been sleeping for 3 hours
(-) Sean have not been sleeping for 3 hours
(?) Have Sean been sleeping for 3 hours?

PAST TENSE
1. SIMPLE PAST TENSE

Simple Past digunakan untuk menyatan fakta atau kejadian yang

terjadi di masa lampau. Masa lampau bisa berarti 5 menit yang lalu,
sejam yang lalu, sehari yang lalu, dst. Kata kerja yang digunakan
adalah kata kerja bentuk kedua, bisa berupa regular verbs atau
irregular verbs.
RUMUS
(+) Subject (S) (I, You, They, We, He, She, It ) + Verb 2
(-) Subject (S)

(I, You, They, We, He, She, It ) + did + not + Verb 1

(?) Did + Subject (S) (I, You, They, We, He, She, It ) + Verb 1?
Contoh:
(+) They played basketball lastnight.
(-) They did not play basketball lastnight.
(?) Did they play basketball lastnight?

2. PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE

Past Continuous Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan ketika kita berada di tengahtengah kejadian atau melakukan sesuatu pada saat tertentu di masa lalu.
RUMUS
(+) Subject (S) (You, They, We ) + to be (were) + Verb 1-ing
Subject (S)
(-) Subject (S)
Subject (S)

(I, He, She, It) + to be (was) + Verb 1-ing

(You, They, We ) + to be (were) + not + Verb 1-ing
(I, He, She, It) + to be (was) + not + Verb 1-ing

(?) To be (were) + Subject (S) (You, They, We ) + Verb 1-ing ?

To be (was) + Subject (S) (I,He, She, It) + Verb 1-ing ?
Contoh:
(+) Chef Billy was cooking a fried rice.
(-) Chef Billy was not cooking a fried rice.
(?) Was Chef Billy cooking a f ried rice?

3. PAST PERFECT TENSE

The Past Perfect menyatakan ide bahwa sesuatu yang terjadi sebelum tindakan lain di
masa lalu terjadi . Hal ini juga dapat menunjukkan bahwa sesuatu terjadi sebelum waktu
tertentu di masa lalu.
RUMUS
(+) Subject (S)

(I, You, They, We, He, She, It)+ had + Verb 3

(-) Subject (S)

(I, You, They, We, He, She, It) + had + not + Verb 3

(?) Had + Subject (S) (I, You, They, We, He, She, It) + Verb 3?
Contoh:
(+) We had arrived at the school.
(-) We had not arrived at the school
(?) Had we arrived at the school?

4. PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE

Present Perfect Continuous Tense digunakan untuk menunjukkan bahwa sesuatu yang
dimulai di masa lalu dan terus sampai waktu lain di masa lalu.
RUMUS
(+) Subject (S) (I, You, They, We, He, She, It) + had + been + Verb-ing
(-) Subject (S) (I, You, They, We, He, She, It) + had + not + been + Verb-ing
(?) Had + Subject (S) (I, You, They, We, He, She, It) + been + Verb-ing?
Contoh:
(+) Lea and Bob had been working together since 1990.
(-) Lea and Bob had not been working together since 1990.
(?) Had Lea and Bob been working together since 1990?

FUTURE TENSE
1. SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE
Tenses ini digunakan untuk menunjukkan sesuatu yang tetap, kebiasaan atau
kebenaran esensial yang akan terjadi dimasa depan (FUTURE). Simple Future Tense
biasanya menggunakan modal auxiliary verb will atau shall
RUMUS
(+) Subject (S) (I, You, They, We, He, She, It ) + will/shall+ Verb 1
(-) Subject (S) (I, You, They, We, He, She, It ) + will/shall + not + Verb 1
(?) Will/shall + Subject (S) (I, You, They, We, He, She, It ) + Verb 1
Contoh:
(+) You will go to Australia next week.
(-) You will not go to Australia next week
(?) Will you go to Australia next week?
2. FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE
Future Continuous Tense menyatakankan tindakan pada saat tertentu di masa depan .
Tindakan akan dimulai sebelum saat itu tetapi akan selesai pada saat itu.
RUMUS
(+) Subject (S) (I, You, They, We, He, She, It ) + will/shall be + Verb 1-ing]
(-) Subject (S) (I, You, They, We, He, She, It ) + will/shall not be + not + Verb 1-ing
(?) Will/shall + Subject (S) (I, You, They, We, He, She, It ) + be + Verb 1-ing ?
Contoh:

(+) I and my sister will be watching movie tommorow.

(-) I and my sister will not be watching movie tommorow.
(?) Will I and my sister be watching movie tommorow?
3. FUTURE PERFECT TENSE
Future Perfect Tense digunakan ketika kita berbicara tentang masa lalu di masa depan.
RUMUS
(+) Subject (S) (I, You, They, We, He, She, It ) + will/shall + have + Verb 3
(-) Subject (S) (I, You, They, We, He, She, It )+ will/shall + have + not + Verb 3
(?) Will/shall + Subject (S) (I, You, They, We, He, She, It ) + have + Verb 3?
Contoh:
(+) We will have recived an email from Mr. Takamura.
(-) We will have not recived an email from Mr. Takamura.
(?) Will we have recived an email from Mr. Takamura?

4. FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE

Future Perfect Continuous Tense digunakan untuk berbicara tentang tindakan yang
panjang sebelum beberapa kejadian di masa depan.
RUMUS
(+) Subject (S) (I, You, They, We, He, She, It ) + will/shall + have + been + Verb-ing
(-)

Subject (S) (I, You, They, We, He, She, It ) + will/shall + have + not + been +
Verb-ing

(?) Will/shall + Subject (S) (I, You, They, We, He, She, It ) + have + been + Verb-ing?
Contoh:
(+) The artist will have been painting a canvas for 24 hours.
(-) The artist will have not been painting a canvas for 24 hours.
(?) Will The artist have been painting a canvas for 24 hours?

PAST FUTURE
1. SIMPLE PAST FUTURE TENSE
Tenses ini digunakan untuk menyatakan peristiwa yang AKAN
dilakukan , TETAPI di masa lalu, bukan sekarang.
RUMUS
(+) Subject (S) (I, You, They, We, He, She, It ) + would/should + Verb 1
(-) Subject (S) (I, You, They, We, He, She, It ) + would/should + not +
Verb 1
(?) Would/should + Subject (S) (I, You, They, We, He, She, It ) + Verb 1
Contoh:
(+) Jessica would dance at the show.
(-) Jessica would not dance at the show.
(?) Would Jessica dance at the show?

2. PAST FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE

Past

Future

Continuous

Tense

menyatakankan

tindakan akan

berlangsung di masa lalu .

RUMUS
(+) Subject (S) (I, You, They, We, He, She, It ) + would/should be +
Verb 1-ing
(-) Subject (S) (I, You, They, We, He, She, It ) + would/should + not be
+ not + Verb 1-ing

(?) Would/should + Subject (S) (I, You, They, We, He, She, It ) + be +
Verb 1-ing ?
Contoh:
(+) Mr. Jacob would be teaching Math at 9 p.m.
(-) Mr. Jacob would not be teaching Math at 9 p.m.
(?) Would Mr. Jacob be teaching Math at 9 p.m?

3. PAST FUTURE PERFECT TENSE

Past Future Tense menyatakan kembali aksi yang dinyatakan dalam
Future Perfect Tense tetapi dengan dimensi waktu yang berbeda , itu
adalah di masa lalu sementara Future Perfect di waktu mendatang
(belum terjadi).
RUMUS
(+)

Subject (S) (I, You, They, We, He, She, It ) + would/should + have

+ Verb 3
(-)

Subject (S) (I, You, They, We, He, She, It ) + would/should + have

+ not + Verb 3
(?)

Would/should + Subject (S) (I, You, They, We, He, She, It ) + have

+ Verb 3?
Contoh:
(+) She would have sent an email to her mother.
(-) She would not have sent an email to her mother.
(?) would she have sent an email to her mother?

4. FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE

Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense menekankan pada bagian dan
durasi tindakan . Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense digunakan
untuk memberitahu tindakan yang seharusnya terjadi hingga waktu
tertentu ( periode ) di masa lalu.
RUMUS
(+)

Subject (S) (I, You, They, We, He, She, It ) + would/should + have

+ been + Verb-ing
(-)

Subject (S) (I, You, They, We, He, She, It ) + would/should + have

+ not + been + Verb-ing.

(?)

Would/should + subject (S) (I, You, They, We, He, She, It ) + have

+ been + Verb-ing?
Contoh:
(+) Bruno Mars would have been singging for 3 hours.
(-) Bruno Mars would not have been singging for 3 hours.
(?) Would Bruno Mars have been singging for 3 hours?

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

Admin. 2015. English Grammar: 16 Tenses, Rumus dan Contoh Kalimat Part 1.
http://www.kuliahbahasainggris.com/english-grammar-16-tenses-rumus-dan-contohkalimat-part-1/
Admin. 2015. English Grammar: 16 Tenses, Rumus dan Contoh Kalimat Part 2.
http://www.kuliahbahasainggris.com/english-grammar-16-tenses-rumus-dan-contohkalimat-part-2/