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The objective is to perform a potentiometric titration to determine the unknown concentrations of two acids in a mixture. To titrate both a strong monoprotic acid hydrochloric acidl and a weak triprotic acid phosphoric acid with a strong base sodium hydroxide.
The objective is to perform a potentiometric titration to determine the unknown concentrations of two acids in a mixture. To titrate both a strong monoprotic acid hydrochloric acidl and a weak triprotic acid phosphoric acid with a strong base sodium hydroxide.
The objective is to perform a potentiometric titration to determine the unknown concentrations of two acids in a mixture. To titrate both a strong monoprotic acid hydrochloric acidl and a weak triprotic acid phosphoric acid with a strong base sodium hydroxide.
Experiment 9 Potentiometric Titration of an Unknown Acid Mixture
Performed on February 11, 2016 and February 18, 2016
By Amanda Grennan Submitted on March 3, 2016 To Barbara Allen
Objective
The objective is to perform a potentiometric titration to determine the
unknown concentrations of two acids in a mixture. To titrate both a strong monoprotic acid hydrochloric acidl and a weak triprotic acid phosphoric acid with a strong base sodium hydroxide, which will be also standardized in the laboratory using KHP. When adding the standardized sodium hydroxide, the pH will be measured and a titration curve will be later produced plotting volume of base as a function of pH. By the use of the titration curve, the volume of base needed to neutralize the amount of acid present in the solution can be determined, which will allow for the acid concentrations to be calculated. Safety Sodium hydroxide White corrosive pellets. Causes eye and skin burns. Hygroscopic. May cause severe respiratory and digestive tract irritation with possible burns. Company: VWR. Lot # 143990. Date: 08/12. Potassium Hydrogen Phthalate KHP White. May cause skin and eye irritation. May cause respiratory tract and digestive tract irritation. Low hazard for usual industrial handling. KHP class name: Roger Rabbit. Phenolphthalein Pale yellow. May cause skin and eye irritation. May cause respiratory tract irritation. Lot # 1001357 Nov 5/13. Hydrochloric acid Colourless to slight yellow. Corrosive. Causes eye and skin burns. May cause severe respiratory tract and digestive tract irritation with possible burns. May be harmful if swallowed. Hygroscopic. Phosphoric acid Corrosive liquid. May cause severe respiratory and digestive tract irritation with possible burns. Causes severe skin and eye burns. Harmful if inhaled. Data Analysis/Calculations Mass KHP Initial burette reading Final burette reading Total volume dispensed
Potentiometric Titration of Unknown #84 Acid Mixture
Volume to reach first equivalence point 1st derivative (x): 16.93mL
Volume to reach second equivalence point 1st derivative: 26.04mL (y) = 26.04mL 16.93mL = 9.11mL mol NaOH = 0.07741M NaOH x (0.01693mL 0.00911mL) = 0.00060535mol NaOH 0.00060535mol NaOH = 0.00060535mol HCl M HCl = 0.00060535mol HCl / 0.025L = 0.02421M HCl mol NaOH = 0.07741M NaOH x 0.00911L = 0.00070521mol NaOH 0.00070521mol NaOH = 0.00070521mol H3PO4 M H3PO4 = 0.00070521mol H3PO4 / 0.025L = 0.02821M H3PO4 Discussion
In this experiment, an acid mixture of HCl (strong monoprotic acid) and
H3PO4 (weak triprotic acid) was titrated with NaOH (strong base) to neutralize the acids and reach the equivalence points. When the standardized NaOH was being added, the pH of the solution was being continuously measured and a titration curve was created plotting volume NaOH dispensed as a function of pH. By the use of the titration curve, the volume of base needed to neutralize the amount of acid present in the solution was determined. Since H3PO4 is a triprotic acid, its first proton is accounted for in the first titration along with HCl. The second equivalence point is accounting for the second proton of H3PO4. A possible source of error is in relation to the solution storage bottles. Because this experiment required two weeks to complete, when the bottles were washed, water droplets remained inside the bottle, which would have slightly diluted the NaOH after standardization. Another possible source could be the calibration solutions for the pH meter. The pH 10 solution was unavailable so the pH meters could not be properly calibrated. Conclusion The molarity values of a mixture of hydrochloric acid and phosphoric acids were determined by a potentiometric titration using sodium hydroxide, which was first standardized using KHP. In unknown acid mixture #84, the concentration of hydrochloric acid is 0.02421M and the concentration of the phosphoric acid is 0.02821M.