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v
v
v
12% (A+B)
A+B+C
10% of D
ABC
v
v
v
v
v Per DO 46 s2007
v Per DO 46 s2007
Per DO 57 s2002
v
v
v
12% (A+B)
A+B+C
5% of D
Per NEDA
8-10% (D+E)*
3.5% (D+E)
v
I. Total Estimated Project Cost D+E+F+G+H D+E+F+G+H D+E
*Construction Supervision only applies to foreign-assisted projects
Work type
Loader
Load bucket and shift gears
Turn and dump the load
Travel distance and time from dumping to loading position and return to
the loading position
Production
Unit Price
Production
Unit Price
90
Tax
(%)
22
20
11
11
10
22
15
27
27
10
29
14
10
10
10
Loose yards
volume of earth after it has been removed from its natural location
and swellhas taken place.
In-place yards
Compacted yards
volume of earth that has been properly compacted in embankment o
nfill.
.
Basis of calculations for excavation and fill
Loose yards
In-place yards
are converted to compacted yards to determine the volume of mater
ials in afill that will be realized from a given amount of materials in its natu
ral location.
In-place yards
are converted to loose yards to determine the amount of earth mov
ingequipment required to handle the materials.
The output of equipment in loose yards must be converted to compacted yards to d
eterminethe final volume of fill
30 m
Asphalt Conc
The derived quantities are then summarized in the bill of quantities and subsequ
ently,
manually entered in the estimated construction cost spreadsheet which are multip
lied bythe unit prices to come up with total cost of that item and summed up all
the pay items tocalculate the total direct cost. After which, indirect cost is
applied to determined the total
estimated project cost.
m2
l.m.
Quantity
20
1,000
11,000
2,000
1,858
7,500
3,000
5,000
10,455
12,156
30,780
5,689
3,105
Sample of unit
price analysis in
spreadsheet
Unit Price Analysis
Sample of unit
price analysis in
spreadsheet
Unit Price Analysis
Maintenance Cost
Highway Maintenance
-is defined as the act of preserving and keeping each
highway type of highway as nearly as possible in its
original conditions as constructed or as subsequently
improved. It does not include rehabilitation, betterment
and improvement
Two calculation methods for maintenance cost
-EMK (Equivalent Maintenance Kilometrage)
-Traffic Dependent Method
Maintenance Cost
Two Categories:
Routine Maintenance
vegetation control
cleaning and repairing culverts General Cost
cleaning ditches
cleaning and repairing traffic signs
climatic loss of gravel on shoulder
Periodic Maintenance
road surface repairs
resurfacing
shoulder repair & resurfacing
Maintenance Cost
EMK Factors
Basic Formula:
Road:
MCR = EMKbudget x Ft x Fw x Length
where:
MCR = maintenance cost for road
EMKbudget = annual allocation
Ft = factor for surface type
Fw = factor for carriageway width
Length = in kilometer
Bridge:
MCB = EMKbudget x Fb x Length
where:
MCB = maintenance cost for bridge
EMKbudget = annual allocation
Fb = factor for bridge type
Length = in meter
Source: BOM/
DPWH
0
AADT
AADT
Maintenance Cost
Traffic Dependent Method
Traffic volume in terms of vehicle units:
Light vehicles . 0.4 vehicle units
Buses . 2.5 vehicle units
Trucks . 3.0 vehicle units
Maintenance Cost
Basic assumptions in calculating routine maintenance unit rates :
Vegetation Control
0.5 ha/km/year
400 m2/crew day
2 - knapsack movers
2 - unskilled laborers
Cleaning and Repair of Culverts
1
4 number units/day/km
1
dump truck
3
unskilled laborers
Materials
Replace, Clean and Repair Traffic Signs
2
5 units repaired, repainted or replace daily
1
pick-up vehicle
Materials
Clearing Side Ditches
40
1000 l.m./day (half by grader and half by hand or manual)
1
grader
3
unskilled laborers
Source: Road Maintenance Manual, BOM-DPWH
Maintenance Cost
Periodic Maintenance
Road Surface Repair
Regravelling gravel road and gravel shoulder
Grading & reshaping gravel road
Joint & crack sealing for PCCP
Pothole repair (spot regravel) for gravel road
Patch potholes for ACP
Crack sealing for ACP
Edge break for ACP
Resurfacing
Asphalt Concrete Overlay
Shoulder Repair & Resurfacing
Regravelling
Grading and reshaping
Asphalt Concrete Overlay
Maintenance Cost
Sample of routine maintenance unit
price analysis
Maintenance Cost
Sample of routine maintenance unit
price analysis
Maintenance Cost
Periodic Maintenance Task
Maintenance Cost
General Formula for Maintenance Cost Calculations
Routine Maintenance (peso/km)
Maintenance Task = Qtytable x Lshoulder x W x 365 days x unit rateactivity
General Cost
Periodic Maintenance (peso-vehicle unit/km)
Maintenance Task = (Qtytable x L x W x 365 days x unit rateactivity) Frequencyve
hicle
where:
L = length in meters
W = width in meters
Qtytable = Periodic Maintenance Task Table
unit rateactivity = maintenance unit price analysis
Frequency = benchmark of traffic volume in terms of v.u. as shown in Periodic
Maintenance Task Table
Maintenance Cost
Sample of Summary Routine Maintenance Unit Cost
Routine Maintenance Unit Cost
Road Segment Economic Financial
a. Vegetation control P 5,312.58/kmP 6,498.57/kmb. Cleaning and repair culverts
4,880.19/km 7,055.90/kmc. Replace, clean and repair traffic signs 5,384.64/km 6,
667.53/kmd. Clearing side ditches 10,813.92/km 13,250.68/km
Total per annum P 26,391.34/km P 33,472.67/km
Routine Maintenance Unit Cost
Bridge Segment Economic Financial
a. Concrete bridge P 568.79/l.m. P 721.41/l.m.
b. Steel bridge 3,714.14/l.m. 4,710.72/l.m.
Maintenance Cost
Sample of Summary of Periodic Maintenance Unit Cost
Maintenance Tasks Unit Cost
Economic
1. Gravel ( Surface ) P 481.87/m3
2. Regrade and Reshape
a. Carriageway 5.14/m2
b. Shoulder 15.41/m2
3. AC Resurfacing ( 3 cm.) 94.36/m2
4. AC Overlay ( 5 cm. ) 135.51/m2
5. Replacement of Failed Bay
a. t = 230 mm 2,527.25/m2
b. t = 200 mm 2,197.69/m2
6. Repair of Cracks/Joints 18,066.78/m2
7. Patching and Pothole Repair
a. Pothole Repair ( Gravel ) 498.56/m3
b. Pothole Repair (AC) 494.06/m2
c. Sealing and Patching (AC) 510.81/m2
8. Road Stripping (painted lines) 48.53/m
Financial
P 579.45/m3
6.29/m2
18.87/m2
113.28/m2
162.25/m2
3,089.00/m2
2,686.20/m2
22,123.42/m2
598.08/m3
597.05/m2
617.50/m2
57.48/m
Maintenance Cost
Sample of Summary Maintenance Cost
Summary of Maintenance Costs
Maintenance Category
Road Type
Routine Periodic
Economic Financial Economic Financial
Gravel Roads (5.0m roadway) 49,521.08 61,286.05 737.36a 896.59a
AC with gravel shoulders
a. 0.5+6.1+0.5 31,210.03 39,267.13 80.05a 96.33a
b. 1.0+6.1+1.0 36,028.73 45,061.58 100.55a 121.40a
c. 1.5+6.1+1.5 40,847.42 50,856.03 121.06a 146.47a
d. 3.0+6.7+3.0 55,303.51 68,239.39 186.01a 225.81a
PCC with gravel shoulders
a. 0.5+6.1+0.5
t = 230 mm31,210.03 39,267.13 62.77a 75.81a
t = 200 mm 31,210.03 39,267.13 62.12a 75.01a
b. 1.0+6.1+1.0
t = 230 mm36,028.73 45,061.58 83.27a 100.88a
t = 200 mm 36,028.73 45,061.58 82.62a 100.08a
c. 1.5+6.1+1.5
t = 230 mm40,847.42 50,856.03 103.77a 125.95a
t = 200 mm 40,847.42 50,856.03 103.12a 125.15a
d. 3.0+6.7+3.0
t = 230 mm55,303.51 68,239.39 166.34a 202.43a
t = 200 mm 55,303.51 68,239.39 165.69a 201.63a
Note: a = vehicle unit, v.u.
Sample of
Work Unit
in HDM-4
Sample of
Work Unit
in HDM-4
Summary of
Cost used
Summary of
Cost used