WHY GEOMECHANICAL

RESERVOIR ?
PORE PRESSURE & STRESS STATE RELATIONSHIP
Dr. Ir. Imam Setiaji Ronoatmojo, MT

KOMUNITAS PETROPHYCIST INDONESIA

JAKARTA, 3 FEBRUARY 2016

www.elnusa.co.id

AGENDA

Introduction
Pore Pressure at Depth
Rock Strength
Stress Around Vertical Wells
The Tectonic Stress Field
Application

INTRODUCTION

Source rocks
Overburden rocks
Reservoir rocks & carried beds
Sealing rocks
Traps
Kitchen
Petroleum migration
Preservation

EXPLORATION SEISMOLOGY : Petroleum System and Basic Principles of Wave

Propagation

element
PETROLEUM SYSTEM
proccess

These elements and proccesses of petroleum system should be connected

in space and time
permukaan

HYDROCARBON
OCCURENCE

trap/field preserved
seal
reservoir
kitchen

overburden

migration
source

Basic Seismic Training : Data Processing

WHAT S GEOMECHANICAL RESERVOIR ?

GEOPRESSURE

GEOMECHANICS

ROCK PHYSICS

PETROLEUM
SYSTEM
RESERVOIR

A NEW PARADIGM IN OIL & GAS GEOMODELING

SCOPE OF GEOMECHANICAL RESERVOIR STUDY

OBTAINING A COMPREHENSIVE MODEL

PORE PRESSURE AT DEPTH

PORE PRESSURE CONCEPTS

WHAT IS OVERPRESSURE?
"Overpressure is any pore fluid pressure which exceeds the
hydrostatic pressure of a column of water or formation brine."
Adapted from Dickinson (1953)
Overpressure results from the inability of pore fluids to escape at
a rate which allows equilibration with a column of static water
connected to the surface

DISEQUILIBRIUM COMPACTION CONDITION

SECONDARY MECHANISM
(Swarbrick, 2012)

MECHANISM OF OVERPRESSURE GENERATION

UNDERPRESSURE
Underpressure:
Pressures below the hydrostatic gradient

Causes:
Differential discharge/recharge of reservoirs
Reservoir drawdown/depletion

NORMAL COMPACTION CONDITION

PORE PRESSURE METHODS : EATONS RATIO

PORE PRESSURE METHODS : EQUIVALENT DEPTH

OVERPRESSURE MECHANISM

PRESSURE CONTINUATION

ROCK STRENGTH

CONTINUUM APPROACH TO EFFECTIVE STRESS

PORE PRESSURE IMPACT

STRESS AROUND VERTICAL WELLS

DIFFERENT SCALES

DIFFERENT SCALES

STRESSES AROUND WELLBORE

STRESSES AROUND WELLBORE

STRESSES AROUND WELLBORE

STRESSES AROUND WELLBORE

STRESSES AROUND WELLBORE

WELLBORE STABILITY

THE TECTONIC STRESS FIELD

UNIAXIAL COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH (UCS)

TECTONIC REGIME

RANGE OF STRESS MAGNITUDE AT DEPTH

WORKFLOW

REGIONAL STUDY
Overburden
Calculator

Vertical Stress
Shale
Trend

Pore
Pressure
Calculator

Pore
Pressure

NCT
Calculator

Stress Ratio
Trend

Fracture
Pressure

Eaton, Equiv.
Depth or Bowers

Fracture
Pressure
Calculator

Poissons
Ratio Trend

Eaton, Matthews &

Kelly, Breckels &
van Eeklen, etc

Seismic Data Conditioning/Reprocessing

Seismic Pressure Cube
Integration

Geomechanical Properties

APPLICATION

VELOCITY ANALYSIS

ESTIMATION OF DENSITY CUBE

CALIBRATION OF THE VELOCITY CUBE

HIGH RPM

PP

FP

MW 1.14 g/cm3

Loss 2370-2400 m
-squeeze LCM
2333 m MD
PBU 3499 psi

MW 1.5 g/cm3

SPC (Seismic Pressure Calculator) Workflow

Calibrate V.int to Vp