Chapter 2: Islamic

Civilization

Section 1, The Rise of Islam

Daily Life in Early Arabia
Intense heat and sand storms
However rain does occur in the
Southwest Region.

Together, Lets read Page 178

Lets compare the 3 big

religions.
On page 180, complete number 3 in your notes.
It contrasts Islam, Judaism and Christianity.
Be sure to include beliefs, prophets, you should have
at least 2 similarities between the 3 religions.

Muhammad
Born in 570 in Makkah, or Mecca.
In 610, he said he was visited by an angel and told to
preach Islam.

ISLAM- surrendering to the will of Allah.

Allah- is the Arabic word for God.

What did Muhammad Preach?

All people were equal.
Rich should share their goods
Destroy statues of false gods.

How do you think the rich liked

Muhammads teachings?

Muhammads Government
Muhammad and his people left Makkah
for the city Madinah.
He was accepted as Gods prophet and
ruler.
He built an army.

Islams Teachings
The Quran instructs Muslims how
they should live.
(be honest, honor parents, give
generously to the poor, murder, lying
and stealing are forbidden)
Muslims cant eat pork, drink
alcohol, or gamble.

5 Pillars of Islam
With your Boston Partner write down the 5 Pillars of
Islam in your notes.

1st
2nd
3rd
4th
5th
Pillar Pillar Pillar Pillar Pillar

CH. 2, Sec. 2
What is a Caliph?
A Caliph is the successor to the
Messenger of God.
After Muhammad died in 632, issues
arose as to who would be caliph.

The first 4 Caliphs

On page 183, write down their relation to
Muhammad, years that reigned, and major
accomplishments.

Abu Bakr
Umar
Uthman
Ali

Muslims Build an Empire

Good warriors, fighting for religion. Believed anyone
killed fighting for Islam would go to paradise.

They usually let conquered people keep their

religion but all non Muslims had to pay a tax.
Many people learned Arabic.

Muslims in Spain
Arab merchants went from North Africa
to Spain, spreading their culture.
Jewish, Christian and Muslim
philosophers worked together to study
ancient Greeks and write law.

Islam Splits
Two groups
SUNNI -outnumbered the Shiites, accepted the
Umayyad dynasty as rightful caliphs

SHIITE- believed Ali should succeed Mohammad

as Caliph and that all future caliphs be related to
Ali.

Muslim Empires
Only copy down the notes that have a **
by them.

How to set up your foldable:

1. Name of Dynasty/Empire

4. Colored
picture
representin
g what you
learned
2. Date
ruled

3. Notes from
PowerPoint go
on the inside of
each flap.

Abbasids Dynasty
A.D 750 A.D. 1258
**Came after the Umayyad dynasty
New caliph was Muhammad's uncle Abu
al-Abbas
**Devoted their energies to trade,
learning, and the arts
**Built a new capital in Baghdad, Iraq
which was a good location for trade
This dynasty brought Persian influence
to the empire

Abbasids

The Seljuk Turks

A.D.1055 - 1258

Traveled from central Asia to the Arab Empire

**Nomads and great warriors
Abbasids hired them as soldiers
**In 1055 took over Baghdad
**Ruled over what is now Iran and Turkey
**Joint Power (Abbasids & Seljuk Turks) for 200
years
The Sultan, the Seljuk ruler, ruled over the
government and army
Abbasid caliph was the religious leader
**Both lost power in 1258 when the Mongols
burned Baghdad to the ground

The Ottomans
Named after their ruler
A.D 1299-1923
Osman (1280-1324)
Osman and his group of
people are found on the
Anatolian Peninsula.

The Ottomans worked as a

buffer between the two major
empires of the region, the
Byzantines and the Muslims.

Many people entered the

Ottoman region because it
accepted each side.

All a person had to do is pay a

tax and accept the superiority
of Islamic rule in the region.

Anatolian Peninsula,
Present day Turkey

The Ottomans
1299-1923
**Largest and most powerful Muslim

empires
Conquered many areas using guns and
cannons and a navy
**Allowed religious freedom if taxes
were paid
**Took over Constantinople (Istanbul) in
1453 and ended the Byzantine Empire
and made it their capital
**Most famous Sultan Suleiman the
Magnificent
**He built many schools and
mosques
New army of janissaries
**Collapsed at the end of World War I

The MoGULS
A.D 1526-1707
**Created a Muslim empire
in India
**Greatest Mogul ruler
was Akbar
**Allowed religious
freedom
**Farmers and artisans
produced more food
and goods.
Great Britain later took
control of most of India.

CH. 2, Sec. 3: Muslim Ways of Life

Mosques are Muslim
houses of worship.

Bazaar (buh-ZAHR)a marketplace.

Mathemetics

The invention of Algebra!

Science
Muslim scientists perfected the Astrolabe, a
tool used to study stars to determine their
location at sea.

Muslims are also considered the Founders of

Chemistry.

Muslim Empires
Today they are gone, however
Islam is the second largest religion
in the world. 1 out of 6 people are
Muslim.