NO.

43

'

NOTES FROM THE SHOP

$2.50

Sawdust
Number 43

Jan.iFeb 1986

15.'t11-:. Nlnllthlllj(

evolved to indude a ~h,,11tal'ving on the

As soon as I walked inl<'th., .h"I', I had 1m' knee, and then Chippendale added the
reeling Lhal ~c)rl\lthlnJ.:
"111111[
ball-and-cl aw carved fOOL
Usualt)' when I open tbu .ltM,r ltl th\; .t'>hup.
Tbl! leg described in this issue is early
I'm greeted with U l'Uur fIr ru",hlr,,'.) Queen Anne style, The basic shape Is
routers, table sa'\ s. ~~rd
fijj,1)11~1'J
(omed on a bandsaw, and then shaped
BUl as I opened the ooor tltl umu, It v.'.
with 8 file. rasp, sbokeshave, maybe a
like- steppit\g into the SlCt:o,\ to:". r)ll'''' \,<lIt
",raper, and a lot of sanding.
In addition to this traditional style,
hard at work, but there ""1'" ""Iy III<'
.......nile sounds of wu'>"'"rkllll: 11,1 ,,,.,,
there's another version seen on much
using n rasp to $haJW a C':lhn-Ih II It I klu,-:- ""mme,..,ially-m.d" furuiture tOO",): It's
was u~inga s:pokE'~h3\'t>,1)'1\,' "11. ('h.~r
murh more slender (looking like a deer leg)
ping out the sockets Cor 1t .11)\'(""11 tlr.,...., r...,,1 I. fonned almost entirely on a lot he.
Anc] Doug Hicks \\'(1$ rul,hulR II'll Ihl' t JI
Ilut we chose to build the legs the old0031 of varnish (In ;l tabl~ Illp
ra bioned way - technique that's" lot
It was refreshing to t>t(p lJJ'L-k tf) tIM .....IIr than it looks. I r you want to give it a
past. in Jact, we also 5:tCI'I"'''It ooc-k til.
11')\1'<1 ,u~l
gluing up " block of 00.ssformat we haven't used in " "hilt 'rlll
t, 1)II)J,lllT. or even scraps of 2x4.
whole issue is based on a major tt",'hlUllUI
11"'11 <lMI\\ OUt the pattern and CUt the
(making cabriole legs) and both I'''')''('{
It;: 10 10:"". shape. Right away you'll have
incorporate that technique.
"hal I ",lui like a cabrtcle leg. (See cover
Th e style of eabriole (pronoun<l'(II'.\(1
,.I'H.to.~~f1.m th(re it only takes n rasp, a
ree all leg we're sho\\ing in thu- .",11" I. III~ ".1 ,hili, patience to form tho leg.
from the Queen Anile period. But il "",,11101 1"It \ nw.d in lhe center of this Issuo
be said lhal this is only one .tyl~
I. r "I' 'M" ,n",'x to the projects and
Till- idea Is ancient - it evolved Irom
111("nn ,tI4Iufi.hu\\n in the first 42 issue." of
Egyplian furniture, Then nround lh, turn
\\(KNI "til
I tlla y~ar \\re'vC' divided the
of the 18lh century. the French revived II,.. .,,,It \. ,rltl' t" u ,t.,ru: one covering the gell
idea of using a representation of lin 'UII t" ;,1 "I(II.tIUillflft ,1'141techniques, and the
mal's leg for furniture. (Cabriele cernes
IJtt~.rl tUlgull th'11roject.$,
from rapriol, Old french for .....al.) '11."
"I .,1 1"'11.H. 't\ joff\l ~~I.:S't
Every year tn
French versions or the Ie)!,tire t)')I~ill.I)' 'hi I Ut \\ I ,.,, required b)! the Post
more stvhzed, verv ornate \\ith t'.on'tll)!
Om"n 10 1,"1.1 h II... Statement of Ownerand sculpted lines:
lUI' 114,"n ~lcJ" I!""'lt'ally, it. shews that
The Queen Anne style I. tlw 1i"'1 .t fJ1Jr 4: irculnt !lIn h.. ,,'l'O~tn to 236/273.
tempt of English craftsmen to illl'(t"".,nal ,- "l"d, I "I' r""" 197.l~lii
last yeru:
this ide" into the.r furn,lUr<', Wll1'n 'I I.
~t\ I "\II ''', Til,' Ma~h'April issue of
gan (during the "")(inning ,,( till' I'lh ...II
II.~.I
" ,,,(:-0" III will be ,""Hed during
turj') lhE:' $hape \\'11." \'t..t)' rnl!'lie. 1"ut"r 11 Ih. \' ....k "f ,\11"121. 1986.
/\SOl'T1lIIS

'"-L'l \\1VlUg.

".1

Eoaor
Donald 8. Peschke
Design Doledor
Ted Kralicek
AssIstam EdItors
Steve Krohmer
Douglas L. Hicks

Dougla. M. Lidst.r
Technica1 liluslracors
Oovld KNyling
Mike Henry

SubsI'.nphon Manager
Sandy J. Baum
SubscoplIOOAssiS1Bnls
Christel Miner

"I....

VIcky Robinson
Jackie Stroud
Cornpulet Operauons
Ken MIner
Admil\lst~uve AssIstant

Cheryl Scott
BUIlding Malnlenanctl

Archi. Krause

WOOOSMITli (ISSN 0164-4114) 1$ pub!islled

b,monlhly (January. MarCh. May. July. September. November) by WOOd$mi1llPubI,shlll9

Co. 2200 Grand AveGesMoines, Iowa 50312.
WOOOSMlnt Is a registered trademar1<01 the
WOOdsmo1h Publishlll9 Co.
Copyright 1986 by Woodstnith Publish'ng Co.
All Rogh,s Rese<Ved
SUbScriptions: One year (6 Issues) S'O. Two
years (t2 l$SUes)S18. Single copy pn.... 52.SO
(cana,da and Fore.gn: add S2 per year.)
Change 01 Addreu: Please be sure include
bo'h 'fOOl old and new address
Second class postage paId ., Des Mol""".
Iowa
Postm""tcr: Sand change of address nolice,
Form 3579. to Woodsrroth PublishIng Co , 2200
Grand Ave.. Des Moon"". Iowa 503'2.

'0

..

STAT~;MJo;NT01 11\, SFHSIIII: 'IJ\N \1,1 Mf N r \1\1> CIRl't'LATIOl'

"'"

11'itkoa.tf'llt6nltioL".IIId!
h.1.~Su

.... NtL <II _~

.~
IliA lilt .,_,
1IIIiI"'"'"t
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1.... )1 ......
1 "".
~
.. ru...lll;lbb.JI,.~ 2::'\(uOtutj ~\
Itw~._.
t'\lt.lbotwor~"
~\.
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<III.........
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flllul,"", 1..,...l"f"qIII'nry~~hl~
..rluc -'cIteo. tJ kItu;i. tI ....tr1C'lt'l ot IIIIbllCllliua.
..,
_fIldllo~oI~tIIWI
....
"'i.... bt-r.f'd1l0(.... _~nccd1.cw:
_ ....~~~d!tIlrlllo_l7
1:, I......., 0. ~Jt,r. ~t;Nnd A'C'MIl"
I~

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t'("'lC"lNriII~I:SOOt' If ~1)OH

A""uJ "",. C'VSJI"

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f"1W:C.twd

BACK ISSUES

Allback Issues of -.n,(h-aresun 8V_"

Sand lOt free bookie' describing the conlants
end p<ices of 01 back I$$UOS.

SAMPLE COPIES

IIyou have a Mend who would bk. to see" COPY

01Woodsmlth. JUstsend the """'" andaddress.
and wo'Usend a sample (al no COS'I

.uuo:
lJI'_t

6lint:
I~'"
:n

da'l4'

t(I

QlI C'QPiIM ,orim<rd taft ._

Q f....- 1IlII1,... ~ ......told ClI~L.U.
A T~

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1,.11

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~+paldlM"~#\I
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dloIIU\bo.rtIon b) 1IIIIlI, o.rno:.r or I>lbH _.aN ~
..
mmpl:!lI"II"I'ItVJ; .. ~
/nor ~
~!
n..J d.ialnbutioD

f' C"1ItM. flOC ,l__ributtd

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pntltl:l(
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tvhl~'&d.itllt

WOODSM1TH

T_ips & Techniqu_e_s__

__

A QUICK CENTER fiNDER

I recently needed to locate tht' eenter of.

piece or rouncl stuck. I ,I<,n't have it
commercially-made center fillder, >0 I
made my own using a (,'ombination ~ual"'_'

and a nat steel square,

Lay the combination :'((URrt on lup()(thc
steel "'1"'''''' along the 15 f..... Align the
!'lrnight edge ufth, ""mbill.hon square so
it bisects the tll.ii,J, !It, .lltnle of tht steel
square. Then clamp the two squa r e.
togeth",. with a ,m'lll ('...,IIImI',

The final suggesuon is the .trang,"'t.

but I've tried it - and it wurks Ito an

extent). Ri>t before capping a ean. exhale
heavilv i1JWthe can. The carbon dioxide in

YClurbreath displaces some of the oxygeu

and slows down the skinning.
None of these sugge.<tiO'lS"ill work if
the lid on the varnish tall isn't tight. Ilon't
wreck the lid when oJ)l!ning it. And clean
th. rim hef~re <:alll,inl(0" "chiming" it.
Finall~ don't hammer around the ed~ of
the lid. Step on it or "pply uniform pressure 1111the \\'3)' areunel,
OJ\e other thiTlg. It's uka)' to remove a
thin top skin, but don't try to saI..a~ an~'
jello-like varnish by adding solvent. Once
il gels, it'.started 10 cure 1I1ltlyou're working with a different material. Throw it out
and buy a new tall.
HOT GLUE FOR COMPOUND

AUGN
COMMNAJI<*i
SQUAAEWlTH
INSJO( COR.N!t
Of
SQUAll-

sna

To use the center findt'l'lay it across the

,,,ul1<lstock, with both ,[I'1lI$ of the steel
"'11lI.,.. up again.'<t the sid. of the workpiece. Ora" line along the .trail(ht edl(f!
of the combination square across the stock,
nutate the stock and repeat seve ....d more
limes. The point where the lines inwncc("l
marks the eenrcn
c ry l.,'ll"a.<f
.\'a/,I"11",,1(/.. \/ i"lt,!t'J(n

CUTS

When making a compound cut on a bandsaw (such as a cabriele leg) where the ""WII
piece; have I() be replaced in order to complete the rut. r use hot melt glue from a
I(lue gun.
A few blob. of hot glue on the waste side
will re-glue lhe cUI pieces to the main
workpiece and even take up the space leit
by the sa" kerf. Then the remaining cuts

VARNISH

After the cuts ".....made. pull the pi"",,,,

apart and peel the I(lue ofT. If th, glue i,.
used in thick dot, and ulluwcn til l"u1.iftlly
set UI) ber"re ;o...~rnl)I~:tho pil"t."'S com.

"'1';(11. (Oll'il.r
Y

T,.Sf' ,.kef"n. ,t "~'CJ,tAt,,,

While working on the articl~ for thi, "<UC

about varnish \'t'e came ac~ :1 numh(.a' of
til'" to keep \'31'Di~h(rom gelhllg or .kill

(lC

"'ml>

cut a )li~e of Sal'tln

Ilr a}UmI11Um (f,il

to match the insitic-

diamelE'r or lhl' t"Ull :.n(1 float It brentl)' of,.,

top of the ,.mi.,h t..:fui"<>
clo"ing the lin.
It~s.mess.)' takinsr 'l 'Iut. but it \\orks.
Another meth",1 i' 10 k I'lh" aIIlJ)untof

oX~Igt'nin the can tIl a mInimum.~.rl'r

HOMEMADE WING

NUTS

make adaptive ~quipTllunt fOI'the chit

llu.~\'arni~h to ~moll~r"'untainl'n- a.,.. it'~ dTen'~ therap)' tle-partmenl at n r(!
used ull. Or put it In n~xlbl(' ,,1.'11<' habilitation center. Almost all lhe equip~'Ontaineranofl;';fIUfte7A!lht" itjr out.
ment need. adju.tmenl. so 1 came up with
Some finishcr~ keep a ""paraw jllr or <!Dmp d""igns fnr larj!l' wooden winl( nuts
marbles il\ clean mineral lq)irit~.Al'o t tu
and handl~" that arc easy jor weak hands
"",.ni.h i.u;;eo up they add the m"rhl." t.. to ):'r.f.h aut) tum. (Edt/tll"S 1\'OII!:Sec pllolo
tho can:;o the level oflhe Yanli'h ,...,nllllo., Iltot ;jll(lfl"~ B,.(),t"''~ 1(Jill'l "'11" a1rd
right Al th( top.
/,U "dlf~.}
,
\\'OODSMITH

<Note: To keep the wood frcm ,,,lilling,

don't cut out the final wing nut .hOI'" until
after driving the T-nut bome.)
N4?xt. cut the \\ing nullo a comfortable

shape for )'our linget'l'. ~'inall.); I dish out

the LOI) uf the wing nut so it can't be IlUton
upside (10\\'11.

Lucian H.

BrfJl('11

Erc~si()r. ,\1,'")It'.8(ttu
INDEXING

PROBlEMS?

\\ore al\\'a~~ receive a number of letters

nfter we print the- wln\a3Il~l(xKllJ"lilh Index
(ill<1ud,-d" Ilh lhl>' tssue), The """de", ex1,101nthht :J\~r(jnnlll~ an is-'u~ and l"'Il"
number (ur an artlel, or l~n,j("C't i.l thv
1(1(11". thtyl'\'1111 ahlr. (4) qui~kJy find the
1:-:-\1('

in

th('lf

coll"'1:li(,n (,ftJack i.--su(_~.

]]l<tex 1...1bsfrom 3Jl

officet'UI>pl)' $tort' -thc)"re the t)~U~
on 1iI~(olde",. ~lIck the lab~ on lh~ cover
uf each issue so they extelld from the edge
and lab<>lthe is,;ue numher un each tab.
Or go lh''<>Ullhall lhe i.,;ues and wril~
the numlx:r of the i&<ueon each I~('",.
fore the page number. This may take )()..W
mlnule:-. to (10 all th(I back i$:o'1.les.b\~t\\'hen
looking for an article, it save.; lime lat.r.

lht_,'amish.
til

(:OU"IllttOU
fO '" t NVI

8\1~' son"M.-gummed

i.frnml!"llinll, oxygen mu~ he kept IlfTthe

Onl" method lS

or

Ht.J"t .In.-" ('(JlIIJlttiJ ......\\ V'\'t! h~:lrd about

to ~,I\'l' (hI:;' tlilemltUl.

nin)! OVttr in a can.

\' ..mi$h skiru: over because it's doing
what it', 'UI)poS<!d LO do -ab .. rb oxygen
and rhonl(" from a liquicllo a solid. 1\. keep
:;:urfact>

in rn)' Ilom.- .hfll),

'1\, makt 11\\'Ing nut (or the l\"ff)(/,,"Ilitl,
routf'I't;tl,1 tlrill.llttl counterbcre for a v....
'r..nut intu th\ 4.'j"lt'-r u( .f:~X 1 bleek
y,"
stock. '11ll!1' Iln\ ,. th, T'nut l.llo position.

can be completed,

J"/,,, I), 11'('lfi

No-GEl

1'", f"untlllll"M' wing nul. and handles

\''',uld "INI bt ul'o4~fulon ('(tui,Jment and jigs

SENDIN YOU. IOtAS

Ifyoo'd1i1<.lOsha",awoo<Iwot1ung !lpW\lholher
readsts 01 Woodsmlth. send your Idea to
WOodsmlth. TIps & Techniques. 2200 Grand

Ave.. 0e3 MOtne. 101II'II 50312

We pay a mlmmum01$10 for tips. and SIS",
more for Spectal techniques (thai are accepted
fo< publica_I. Please give a complete plana
bOn 01your Idea. " a SlcetenJ$ needed. sond "
along. wea draw a new one


It

'_'1L" \"

tlJ

I" (~,n\'in(.'f>(lthat making

li

.."I,n"l .. Itg i/'lo it [tlnn Ij[ sculpture -lh~tl

\'('1\1h,l(\ t.' III \ lsualize th(' Il'~ in a blV('k (,f
....,.-MI. th"n (.'3T'\'l' away evvt:\'lhilljt uuu

tn', .~h.1:.
1~\ltth~ truth is that a eabril(~leg:.lnlU."'-l
t\'(,I, f ...:\ b)' it~. A~ an experuuent , ll")'

~IuallgUI'some scrap ...clf2x..tto get a block

with a ,"Ouj!'hsize nr :lx:r. Then draw Ih"
It~ Ilmfil(' on t \\'0 :ttljac'('nt sides 'Jf lhi!'>
stock, and rut 8ltJf~ lhl' lines with the

band..3\\.
\Vhen thp. wasre Jall:; a\\'a)~~'f.1Iha\'(' the
basic shape uf a cabricle leg (:,ti' shown on
Ihe lell in the Jlhol.ol. Okay, it's n little
r"ugh mnyllt-- but II1lit Ink"" f"om Ihen:
i:- ~iflmE"fili"$! nnd ~;_-\lltlinJ.tttl refine the
sh."" "r Ihe I~g.
EVOLUTION OF THE LEG

Next, make ..I full-size

1l;lltt'nlll( I h(t I(
U~ f,JU' 111 1III 5:1 II
the 1\\ II Jl"''_'M u

(lit lill fl1l:trk"t)

Ba..~it'ajJ).a cabriole )eg sums out as a out of posterboard.

square piece of ~tOCk4 O('f>en(lin):! on the- pauerns shown \\;th
pattern ~()u.~using, chi:- blank is U:;l'311~'8 lhis t,4,ue, or s.t'n(1 for fr.t_' 1\;1110'111(nl",
:,x:j" square.
~''i}IHi~I'';III.
(see Sources, I.:I~~
It's best to SU\'(:th(' oli~nnllJ.III,nl I~II
'1" gel" blank Ihis slzc, ~'OUean glu~ four
"ie'", uf ~ 4 stock tOj:!eth~r.However; the use carbon paper to trace tlll,,\11 11141"1 t
glue Ii",,> will show when the leg Is formed, erboard. Then cut om t hv lM";o.(
t'r)'" tnl ~"I(I
.\J"", lweau"" of changes in Ihe gntin "ill, compare it to lh( o)iJrinal (,. 111.,k, III \
lCJ"1\:'. there rna}' be SQJ'I1Cproblems cllltin~
corrections.
the :ohapill~ process, What works much
llAltK Til.: 1!o\TT.;K~ ~O\\', II"" I h 1"'11
twtter is to u.~a :{Nx:rturning square, see PI'ooml pattern to mark lhto 11,'1" ,If ch
leg on two adjacent ral.'C!~
of I hi' I,'~ t,lullk
Sources, page 214
First,
place
tile
patterr
t)JI
tlllI,l.:.nk ., (tu'
This \\'orklli",'c j!'oc>' Ihroul(h Ihree
sla~{'~...If' bec.'(.me the fini~he(11eg. t-'ir:il. l~lckof the (.'OJ'ller jlOSl an,' til,' '",c'k, f"lt
the leA i..~mmdsa\\'n to ba.$ic ~h81*'(Tlli~i~ ankle :t.reflu!lh \\ith the t'lt~.,If tlll 1.llt-lik
,hown ,'" the lefl ill th(' l)holO.)
""" Step 1.
Allhough the leg has a lot of eUr\'es at
Then mark the pall"m un 11","'Il hb",k
thi:;. IM)int. the cto$.-; $e.:tiOi.~ ul \'ari(llI~ (~"'encilliJleS are diffil'Ull tl) t't,...
!'
poilu......
alun~ the leg are all ~t(t.I"n:~.(",~:- i... l-iaJl~'on \\'alnut. Inslt.>ad. I 1I~'clu 1
:-1")\\,,, ir, the three :w.,tinn \,1('\\'s lahelM'1
"1" in th" "iag,.",n allighl.)
In the ~econd ::tage. Lhe corncl'S of th{
CotNllfO'"
"'Iu'l'(!~ n..., fiI<.orl
or _I,e" I,,,. 15 an)!le 10
..ri\'l' lh(' leg aI' ~jght....sjrlecl C'I"()$:-O$eClirln.
,

.!.,

I"

'"I

&-Clioll\'Ie\\'~ lat>eled

\1\< I II", patwrn has been marked 011

nip the pattern
11\ t f Ill-il "ttlrk lh, outline on the: adjacent
r ..... 110 Ih. r.n.fiI,>;; of the comer POSI and
tallkko 1'1 t'Iu,hil1,!. sec Step 1.
let. t Itt'~ ...11' .....
..;Nov.' use 8 square to

", nu.... (I, rth workpiece,

Qr

.11.. '" ... (, II 1~I'III\t!Cat'ro~~:iU

(OUI' t"3C~.$
I

I'll

~tage. the rorner:- aft'

n,un,lctl t.t I,J'1x)Ut,"t.'lhc fillfl1 :ohaJK,.) or thE'
!log. III it.., IiniM'~ Corm, the ankle
~til)n ~ a cirtlt" ;\1\\1the eros~-S4..:..cti()n~
at
otl1eJ. poUl.......
fUJ lll~ Ie)! ~
~IUUI'e~
\\'ilh
thc.ir CUIn(.'r.--rolll,cled t.(' thf.' sanl~ l"R:rli'l~
3:-- at 111P ankle.
Although it <el'tainly d"",sn'llook like iI,
all )'QUlt.! I"4l'l11~cloirlg i:-;, m~tkil,g :1 t;qU:ll'1"
le~\\;th J"{,uIK1E'(1 (.'tU'11cl':'.

\lAIl

ctttt th,' ('IJMlt'r post.)

Ht or ""(\'r'e"ee

.,,..th,,'

nl." k,nt.! t he f.trl~

lf

()r

the l:orner post. SC:<.'

, I \'f.lfl, ...f .. /\nl'r the reft"rence lin~s

an 1111t\\'1. flll.r1.1M>S UTe cut in the t\\o
1,1t "I .hl blank marked with !.be Plltlt t r I ti(' ~t"I' :4.,'I"he pobition anti $ize. or
N ON
.""
C" !aJIJHIIOd(S
liNES
I",,,snoo"
OttAIN otl COIN

.. ..J~

rnC'J~00

lhi}i, ':;t.~ Shol)

(\f)l(.~~.
pa~~ li( l

..

nANSmOH
OIOCIC

TOPVIEW

<

hy ""tting the 1<,-"

blank. If YOII
.." ",jllg a .."u-"h turning
s(luare. it hw to be Soqual"l,,{\ uV (ir~l. (For

ANIUE

111'000', iK>gino

Ijne~is

1,1011tlu' tll11 i 11111,( the blank. These11n( IIrt 1'I"tlttUntulfu\ 1'( the t\VO line:,

LAY OUT THE ~EG

The

(1,.~

SfCTlONS

e.",_

r ,,,.

u ,...
1 to eiJl

"t,

In t.he thlrcl

\"I.nt)u'J'I,,,rth(!kne(.>meet~thl~
t I I SttI):t. (These lines are

lit, It

HEft ,...,.

rof

....

'1'
or

...
\VOOOSMITH

th(' mortises are described in the project

'\

articles. )

I cut the mortises on a drill press b~'

drilling overlapping holes. (For details on
cutting a mortise. see \.()od.l(lllili; No, 2().)

COiNU
lOST

""'.
UN'

CUT CORNER P05lS

Before cut ling the curved part of the leg to

shape, two CUI.< are made to form the reees
<, RE1ERfHCI
uf the comer IJOSt. $,*, Step II.
UN.
- PATIl'N TOUCHES
CONTfNU
Position lhe leg blank so th. bl:ltl, line,
II'fSl0t COtlNEft
fAGUN
ACROSS 1'OP
UI)with the reference line on the ~nd oflhe
workpiece and clamp a fence to the table 10
Drav: referenrctinos urtl("({ ull fonr
1b dra.l11 ti,t, leg IXilter"I IJoSitil)tl (1:/11guide the l"lf. A1l5O.clamp [I ~toj) 10 uie
s-idt'lf ,(')Ie-rt' fIfe ("(),','(',' r'(IN( 111ftf,'\
I>Iati' so bock. cdgr 0)- ('onlC,. IlfUiI t111(1
fence "" the blade stops at the '....ferencc
Iler/
(lli!!tf
u';tJ,
;"1'(-;,,
((Jru('r
(1( ~tQtk.Flip
~"'Ilee,
~1180dJ'(1f(' li"CN ou top p"d fllat ('(IItline at th~ 101e.,.Now make the cut.
fi,,1lf II'eJace lines of tt ('(J",,(',' /JW(
Next, rotate the workpiece!)U and tt')Uli/(ltt.'>utld rcpea! o adJact"ll side,
make a similar cut 011the adjac~l\l face,
This is a blind cut because (he leg blank i.
positioned so one side with the pattern is
facing lhe fence and the other side is fllCin):
tho table. 11.:se the reference line marked

on the enci of the workpiece It' be ~\ln' lh,'

eut is in the eorreet po.lo:itJtJo.)

...,..,~
."

TRANSITION PIECES

."". OUT
MO"II~I\ON
(ii"l .... ~~

,._
...t

I\t this }Jtllnl you Jua\'t 11~'hCIIC'ru ,.) "hilit

way to ~o.'1111'nU'l h.1Il.I htl\\ n nU),"(1,0 II"
tf. ~o~ihl.,(t
nit thjl, jl t~1
Fh.tl" The-n
la1.4..r. t tll" ('ur\'.~ I tn., it,u" IJI,,'4.." .,riO
g!Ul'll t.. th, le~'"

curtO

IIFI'(NCf

.,,)(j

H""

t'.r. I",c found that i(luing curved

tnan,.itiun piec....s t(, a curved leg is aver)'

awkward process, Instead, I glue square

transition block. to the .qunr~ leg. Then
the whole thing can be bandsawn to final
shape at once. (The only problem with this
method is that your bandsaw must, be able
to CUt through 8 thickness of shout 5''''.)
Cut the transition bloeks to slze and ~lue
them to the side of the leg. (The si1... uf
these blocks depends on the I~gpauern.
This is shown in the project articles.)
To keep the blocks from sliding while
being clamped, drive two sm..11brad. int..
the ral~ of th. leg blank. Then cut off the
brads to leave two "spurs" projecting
about VO" see Slep 5.
One uther note: Fur the bust a~"
l>earance. lurn the blocks $0 the end grain
on the blocks looks like It nows into the end
Jmiin on the end of the leg . .ee Thp View in
the fliagram at left.
Ot TUN& TR ,-''$(T'O' ("'EellS. Since lhe
lran.sition bl<K'ksnow (.'()\'er part of the
pattern on the I,g,..the leg prom. must be
redrawn on the faces of the transilion
blocks, """ Step I;.
There'. 31.;0~ ~Imnlte I)attern for the
in~iri.. face or th. tra'L,itim, block.. Go
abead alld lrace thi., paue,-n on the inner
fa,'(! of Lhe block. see Step 7.
Till: 11\11.Finally, the boltom cnd of the
leg tan be eompl~t''<l by marking the oUt
line (If th~ ).<1. &111..... line, aero ... lhe
boltom end of the leg blank. Then u.'lE' n
compass to d,llW H cirel. insid. this
to outline the Mape n(the pad.,;eo Step S.

"',U8JY

\VOODSMITH

liNt:

t
3
('t'~'rlappiJ,g 4
hote to to)(yll (Jut tlte mortise, Then
("ul ",tJrlIXt.t\ Qil t('fJ.fa(('d Qj'1Ill' rorncr
II01ft, Drill n Ifl'rirs oJ"

("/~tln

liP cll(!ek8 wilh a 8i1.rp cl"8<1.

5 AliYI'

frulUtitil"t

,'u

blook

refercnr

Jf'itS and gllf( Clltd ('JuII'11in pittC'(, Th

kt't7> blMk jh.>Ilt !illi/l111!1 Irlte" rlt( tlll)f d,

I.-

d'1t..-e;" brad~ "'td CI(I off to

ScI til' ba"J'''(I,r/o "faJ:f III, (af't' ('1<1....

UII 'lte rr,ru.',. Pf'x/
I'xc (, .ftnet II)
qlfrd, Ihr Icg (l1f(} d(lmp ~ slop bhKk 10/10,'
j""'('t! to $ffiTlllle rut (IJ
ref '~"('( /i"t,

"~l!

'Tror.t'IJ,,- r" r,', of the "."et

6
,~r
hl'~k.'(.
ni'

Iltt ""It r
sUrfi'f'f."
Ille t,'(J't,~ili(})1
1'h~
rtJI(( l;'f~ 1;" tilt pattC"'ll 8't~II(I(ialig."
tIll

1(',11,tltf' till' oj l}tF lraiulfic/II

(OIlY,

CONtINUE ,AD GU1D[

UNES ONtO IOnOM
OFsrOCI(

,~r('(~Ildpntff

",t is

(I la

I~I

'nle4

,.....US[ COMP,4SS

to

OUTLINEPAO

lOCAft
UN~_..

TA.AC.E PATTUM ON INSI.Pf.

10,_

FACEOJ tRANSITION alGaS

7Ap;'ufi1c

bl')f'A'

tltl'

",1 till' """ r $lIrfart OJ'tllt'

11'a1'$;I;"" biorA'~, ,-"a('(' II,,. SII,,,IIIH"'<-r1'
li{llli :" tl,t' fftnlPr a 11(1,"flrk n"t/fI1,..

8 /.,'({'
bult,;)",
fllr

(IN,,'- {'tit'S tf('f'(IHS II,t

(If
1(!9Illnt rnll/;'fl/l
fll)
OII'('Jlf of tilt' {l(Itl, Tllt:" ".l$e (I ('n)"!H'$~ 1(1
t(rull~(I rirrl4' Ilt"t .(jlx ;I,,~idf._Iltt: :;'1"(",
a sqllt/n'lf)

ar~ needed to cut lhe prutil. on the adjacent surface. (P~ of the pattern i.drawn
At this stage, all the layout lines have bL"t11 on the pieces that
nw.t.~) AL",. the
drawn. the transition blocks 1IJ't. "Iue<! in scraps need to bt- replaced In support the
leg blank (lunnj:! lh. l'>f'l"lnc-I ~"l f,r cuts,
1,111<..,.
and the leg is roady til he bandsawn
II, rlIu~h shape. (For some tip> on .~Uillg
f.O"":H t.";(: IlRC)fll." Aft,, l"Otling- the
UI) your- bandsaw for these cuts, see ShOI) knee profile, turn tht, ~Clrii.ln(~tel an)'
position that (\'1,1
...(.1f.'ll(I'J1~lhli It' ('1J\ the
:-IOI.S, pal!'? 19.)
tlA"IS"\ l"UIl~.:R''():,'1'S. The bandsawseerion ht't\\4"t)n tht. k"t"l'llu\\'lllO thv feet ,
_ :-;t,p II
ingbegin.at lhl' corner post ().Step~.To
fl"'(.loe the wnste around the corner post.
\\11"11
~\IJrkin ,1t'1)Uflll the!' trun ltl4,n
m;tk(.u cut on the f'(ft:n..I\('(. line to inter- btf)(k. UII 1111 ):U ,I, '" III Ita" tel bt,
seet with th( fa("e cut made ill Step -I
rdl ('(I '0 t t ,r t),. t.ltJ(k Itilt" MIl tht, ..ut
As lhj~ cut is made. it'~
critical to to-tul' 'L;, I'r 'J..rr'1\ICC!C1 r~4r 1'")11 'I. flO Lt." 111aclt
the cut as SOOll as the SCraJ' umun..1 the 1(11101, II' d, nr o r the block I.,,, r It I"d<
corner ,w:~~t.
is r~
....
,Sneak Ull .Jlllt ...lu\\ I~
,If,"" 1111 "ill N'\' lill ., ,II 111... ,nIUI11
a nick on the fal'e oflhf::' \..""fJnl\r1)11't \,,-,11hf
'1'1",n (a,.I ... f, t.), r", th.... t rUt, cut
c.lifficult to remove later;
.("'1 "t'I'\I. J\l tl,1 IIII*ltl It I kfwt'
.o\fte.rmaking the fir~t rut to (. rrn UTIt" 1ht .. hin ~.itlwl thl tOil uf ltw
00 ttw
f~I.'('~
Clr lh\~ eorner JtO"l. nil) th_ Iego l,h,nk
(,...fll ""tlt- fit thtt h'gtUt\ I' 'I('{ u cut ,., II0J""
around nn<J m:tk(~l ....."("1 ,u.1(OUt flU he "ll"'r
~Ixt.
tht, hCJtt(JUl "f IIl( ('JO\
I tt I I
r(lfert'nc(> lint. I ~'It(> Jl4)t h e.f 11h t' ('ubi are sawn in t\\"titel)8. ~~ IU .". h
....
lmight cut f)ntht, tM11tl)111 i'J)l1(.trth. lJL'llk
an' marlf' tin Ltll fJ IIJfldt' fac.' "i I hlltgs
to ril'finC! lhl' en.,nl tottl. elf thl) I cl
th~ fact.:>. I'llJ,'I,I IIJlt,-'nl",,)
K, ..;l; f({(Jf'll.l;, .\n.tr tht> \'(u'Il,'r 1)I.n-l hThen re-{K.....
iliIJf1 1tu' \\ tJrkl,II'('( ,(I
\Ii
f lII,t
~\\'c11 tfl ~h;ll"" }""1':"I\IIII' lhe leI-! blank to the cur\'ecll~arl (.~nt}u 1)1(11\,,111htll"
S3\\ tht Jlro(jlf' n( tlw kll~t' The ea:-<ic.-:-.l Start Rt the I)()int tlf I}" tiM itl.-I
\\ I Vi
\\~t~'
t" tl(,thi~ j~tel ~tut1.;llthe f.)flint o(thE'
to the ('ut jlJ~l rn.ifl. t'l tlt,I1 ... tilt I t
S.\'\' I'.\('t\ Sll)&0" t ~ f. 'Jll1 front pUI1 .._tl
knee and
loward thl' comer po$l. see
Stl.~I. 1(), A!:" )'I)U gft cln.-.e to thp Cflmer
th~ 1(1r i.coml,I~I" .11 th" I""nl NUll lit
pl"'oce~ i$ r ..~:ttt'1II., "','" IIltt
I" .nlt
1""1. "" <.,"(oful nol lIJ nick the
!'i "'F; l1{fo;~(R.\PS. from
lhh; ]>oint on.
on Ih. back .. ,h of
It i: _
It I' 1
save all the .cr.ps that fan awa~' while Rais:e the blatl., ,...,11.1. le. ( It .I'I~
lh.
trrul~tion block. 1'11"11,1,,\\(>rt hl ",lui..
.1
""will~ theprofil" of th. leg. Th"".
BANDSAW LEG TO SHAPE

r"n

rout

'",rt

""w

f."".

t""

$Cl"lt""

c~ntinup down the back or thl' leg. Finall)ll

repeat the two-eut process to shape th~
pad and heel of the foot.
REAs:.o;E~llll.1-~
TlIH St'K,\PS. Arter this
profile ls complete. the scraps ....., put back
in place w the prolil. on the adja(..,nt side
can be cut. Dust ofTthe surfaces and stick
the scrap" in place with carpet tape or

hot-melt glue. see Step 12.

Shop Nole: \\'hen the scraps are back in
place, there will be (I gap in the oUllin .. at
the heel, Use ft f~lltip marker to fill iJllhe
Itnp in the outline heforp tutling the p,"Ofile
on Ihe adjacent sud;'c e.
s \'\'$}~(",()NI)l'ROFILI1. Now use the same
preeedure to bandsaw the )lJtJfileU" the
Dtlj,,('(>nlface of the leg blank. A. shown in
Stt'I1 1:3, it. may be ea....ier this time to start
IIllh, toe and saw up to the knee. sawing
UK! fn'nl side of the leg. 'I'hen CUI the
betfom "[the foot arrd the pad. And finally.
"'''''1'1<.,,' the pM)C('So' by sawinlt do\\ n the
I k ,01,oC the leg.
11111n (hi, II:Ondprofile h.$ I)e(oncut.
I~IIIA""~ th,tapedon scraps. "lie Step N.
\\ h t )'" .. ha\ e 3t this point i. 3 contoured
I tt \.~ #llU:lrt> in cro$.o;.-~tion. t.,Jl i~
1.1 hi)' Ihe .hape (lr II <"briul. leg.
'UI>TTtN THE SURfACES

(In

till

k ~I

...

"n

10 roughsh81'~'thor.

i D .t t "r It I) In :;;tu\pe the eont()tl~,

III.", ~tl'l' j'ln't (.r all thi::; i.15 Itol to
thlnk iF) t('n1' o( /l1,nl'lf",;l contoured leg.
lOW(.

aLADE.GUl"O(

lltANSlltoN

1I0C1<

SAVE

SCRAP-

t,

r,ft top jJJ kIt, .',/If I, .'lllt

!'Iari salr.ttlg at tI,e ronlCY p(J$f b!1
n{i!111Iff!1 {,I"dc ,pil" IiI}' (JJ~tro./~$iti(.T11
bl',rk I('"itll bltl,Ir Y'f ll,.",
I( Stili
'~/'H"k. 'fll/' ",1/'1" ('111111(/1/1.'III S/"I'~' Re j"rt;"t t'll oj' ~'ttt1t l)flr}; Iff ,'n, ,I, r I")' Ilt

10

I't'ol fltl rl,t

',t, flit' uti_i(lrl 1,1}",Jr,

tQY'lj;ll

"01 10

"ick rfJY'I""

/H.

11
(1'

II

dt

S"l(' .(.,."", k,li(' to fad

(,0 l"('inOill"

''''.,~ "" front of leg. IAII'cr blad,

a." it tJeoNJ traugiii()J' block,

a. Nll(flt

In- 10 S<lr'(

ll1(r$IC

pjtcc.~.

ptACE
wAStt

"(f"5

REMOVE

,..-oN

.C.....

12 7'ht,

pit"rc."an Itet'flf'tl (0
SlIl,porl fi,e II!f) IJla"A' i"
('IIlo(Ill'fI!l

tile
I"f!
13
14
...
al
11..

/1O..irsIr<rpe
of
a
(Ylb,-iole
'''e ,,~~,.t,'y~rk')lflit. (u]jar./Il
PI'(!(ii<hyj7i"P'"f/ 1111
so ng

,'iI, /,. ('~'f'('llr/lf't t(llw' to I'J~I""J ("IIt(11IYI,"

f1i.'f(.'i 1}f'rA~II' o/i!lill(J( IJ(J!i;lil",s.

After IJit-rel<:ail

t(J/lt~1 "".

I:"'( 0111

,~d f,'t (1111Uyl;lfn I\'t",i.1)1

allY di,."tliall /I,(JI /1:1'1 r''''ifarrahl,.
('I'

(l

Rt:illV1rc

fapt:d.oQ" 1);((,t'R to

ley. Complete caclt 1'1/10 Ih", pawl before

prrK'eedil,g 8U 8C'm1)8 ((0"'/ get "ti."ed ltl'.
WOODSMITH

AU you're really <Ioing is roll)l(li~/g m-er-the

corners of a .."'1"are" leg.
Shop Note: 1b hold the leg in po.itiun so
1could W01'kon it from se ve rn1directicns, I
used an improvised version of a carver's
cradle, see Step 15. (F(Jf details on this jig,
see ShOjJ Notes, page 19.)
S.\I00TH TilE LEG. The first step in sbaping the leg L<lo smooth and flatten all the
ni"" and bump.' left by the bandsaw Uc"
spokeshave or rasp to smooth the long Ilat
part of the leg. see Step 15. ThiS section
(between the knee and ankle) should be
worked until It's n.l, see Stop 16.
S"OI'TII rue t'l'RVE.';. Next. the curved
around the knee and ankle lire
smoothed. U"" whatever tool seems to de>
the job best, At various poims, I u;;('(l
block plane, rasp, or file. see ;;tel~< Ii and
18.(For more on th" type of'rasps and filE'S
we used, see Sources, pllge 2~.)

"""0>;

SHAHlI
hC

of /I" leg ''I'"

15 SI/Juollt tne 8I1r/a"8
16 1'IItnr
..,p. Tc, }",Itf ,",
u ,'i}HJK('sllllt"t

r'fl

II, t

(l

bettree

('It 11.'f

oj'knee

(J

JI,I

fJj a"klr ,'f/,,),tld btl 41 slJ'uighl

"II'
I h, It ,,/""tllll,t ool/N f" rllrt'k Pmpl';',q!t
fl" "fllrl'lr
."Ir'3 flf (IY.
rllt','t'

try I(I}/ ric It'Oriri Ilg. "/01/,,1 i/ ii' (1 ('(t ,,'f y."
('I'adlr, Iflade troll' pip< ('/a ," p a ",1 Lr; 'It.

LAYOUT LINES

Al this point the leg has bee" srno..II".I.

but it":_,. ~till squat'(> ira CI"O."~M"Cti'lli. (n'("r
to the dialmlm on I"'~~
Il. TlU' I""t _tlll:"
is to knock orr all the ......nu,orl\ hl ,;) l'l
produce eight~id{"(1('I"~~ t.'('tlCII at nil
p'Jint:. a)e,J1K tht.

It.:

ST,\RTI't. f'." ,~_ 1'u (II. till , luyout lint

are drawn tf. nl.;lI'k rhe lumt flf hfl\\ IllUlh

the (,,,IIC,t/l oflht

ki/~I',iif"

piu"e. /Jlnuftlg (l"'roSS tt

til t... r, "'fl\'t'(l nTI ,'nC'h f'(.1"Otr:
yro",.
Be
~orejlflllJ
ktt71 a (;lt1't'rq knee
Thi~lJnt':I :1'" tl .....wu (TtI,n 6Utr1111)! pili' .......
.,,>:!oce
l!'IftlllcltLJ
tile
''''far, of ,}.< Iffl.
lOl~"t(_"(1
at lhl anklt
1,1 locau- tin' ~,nll).epoir'L~. first measur e till' width of the ankle and lnark lh.
c.nt ...r point, "'". St4:p 19.(The lines drawn
from lho,; pvint \\ill be called the "center
point lines."]
:'\,Xl. hisecl the distance bet ween the
center peint and the (>d~.ior lh,' ankle to
divide the ankle into quarters, (The line.
from these points will be referred as the
"quarter-point lin.". ") Repeat this pn",.",
on all four sides uf the leI(, ....e SIc!, I!'.
ORA'" t:t:t\TeHI'C)I~T l.l;'-Jo;S, Now lines
\\'Q(Ki il;

17 S'lltHltl,
a bllK'k

are drawn (rom these is-tanillj! points. The

fif1:tll)air c,( lin(l.s mar'k \\lt~ntthf! 1'tlufl(ll.l(i
corner ~tarl!o'. 1)la~e the pene-il on thp
center 1')()111t. and u~.eyour mio<lle finger 3$
a guide 10 maintain this spacing.
Drti\\' n, ccntcr"l)C)int Jin~ rronl lhc ;tnklt:
:illthe
tDp

tlu: "aJTO"",~t
19 Dimd
al1J,..lt ,,,fa (fllartertl.

p<Art ~( /I".

Tltt'll(_

,,'(1'*1;

11Q~itiOI'lilt /f'Yt1/1f ';"('~ rt~t!d It'h,'" ..,/,tlll

"1(1 1'"

,f;'llttln

/"111"

;/~ .fillill

(r"llb/tt!

contour OJ18 nk! ",if),11,1.:II"i,cxidC"~"(JU~ldf'd

8rd, of a
.'\IIIootli

tiff'

msp or uood file, Agal". keep thi surfure

p<Arulld Iii, '"~Iiu:e'I"'" /I'g.

'tl

20 f(lrl,

1{1~1"tt l;il(!f Oil Ollt :fidr (Jf

ror;" ,.by 11,rtrki'tgli,fl'S.(,V.""
tHl11I1."(III fi,l' u"klc. ('til Illl(lt/l ..
hillillltli',
tlistaJtc(.fro",II,,.
,(igc.

{JI''tJU'

tIlt

f't'III,,,
j"f!JI,. r'l

\\'a)' UI) to the knee 311d(Io\\'n to the

of the foot. st.'" Step lID.Repeallhis on

the rJth('r rOlJr l'Iicleoto,Then turn t hr le,g ("Ilrl

fDr end IQ dr.", rour more C(:nter'poinl

Une~,see St.p 21.
Note: Th"r>! are "''luaUy eighl ,nler
Jl(lint lines drawn - tWo lit ea"" <orner.
The fir.;t four .Je drawn with the bottom
pad facing you :L' <hown in Step ~O. The

thcr (o\tr lines are dnl\\'n \\'ith the corner

posl facinl! you, """ Step 21.
QlARTER.POIST LI"ES. After drHwinl!

th~ (-ente"'point lines. repeal the .mire

"rot1,>SS. eSt"eJ)l startinjt at the quarter
points, ..,. Slep 22. (ThL, "iU aL"" be "
~rie-~
of (light lin(.~.l\\'0 at each rorne&)
\VOODSMITH

/"11,",/,,,,-e,,d
21 Flip liltprexiu(('It
gum,

'"~1/,..",.

10UOI,I (;1'('8 Olt 0111, r 8id!' (~frarll

,."nlet: Thil;
IUYI
It"f~ (Ill
tarll ("/JnlCr tltllf art" II.'-(cd It) "/'tIIM Iltt'/rq.

2'n"rl<~
2 Oral!' n"k/~,

(Illutller
set (If ItJ!-ItJuf litlli'.ft
(t',I'/f'Ifl/i"fl
(nIl)' thf' qJ((tttl r-t#II"t

Ott I},('

all

('(ItT],

('(I'n~t"'frtl"t

d m Ii" t "''} Ii ;tt"

~")#" /111/,1' cI"kle.

Ago;".

",(1

CHANGE THE CROS~SECTION

Now that lh(_'tavout hncs W'to mnrked,

next staj;!e i.to '(.'lke th., I"g rn,m

ttw

U squarv

eros ...M"C:1Jflnto an elchtfl.141,,_..,tC:"'IISS+I~

UOfLt R<r"rt"th.,t)~l
IS ha..qcall) a matter

on

'''''' I,JThi.

or n-m4'\"lng

the

4;1'' '

ners at I,) to ereate u Jla18una('C .Ic...n to

the "quarter-point" la~out Iines,

t FA, I started this """"""" h~
mounltllj( the Ipl: m liK- can .r'..... ,11.
IIpl1l 'Iben I ..erked on the frollt or th.
i<'I: '" , l! th< comers or lbt .trruj!ht

k,,,,.....
the

h D I. _ ~ICP~,
" th any tool that .........

be ,
I"

romforubl" u._-<ln!:
t .... ",no gilt !'ectlOn' "I
'l'hcn I ;,v.ltth(_'(l t~l:a

'MoIJl'king arouncl thi'

t Z4 nn,l 2.>,
aed tl~ run'.....
IIlI"'(~"
anlllnc~
kle, J t:aIK,.'t'Cl11u: (1'1')(' r
t n M,)('IIlL. see Stt'Jl~21 311el
k
th tal~ ft'.", lJ(,ifll "'Ifl

....... 10
A POINt

mt

\\ ttl

du"t tal'"

lh

nlt r IN1; l (Tu I,n_'\it"llilith

INti! w h('11 fihn).!: l hi!t (,) to,
(1)1'TlrCltt'Ctiu'I.1 (lll

rnf"r It'1tuJl('rl'flto

It ,""nt.1

~...,'..~ tt. (ront ('tlm.r. fo('(' SI,'), 2)",

2 5 Ihrr 0,,4'1, If"'"

r'llltlt

It II"

tI" n'~/"C""I"""

"'1",."",

1,(1/" "Hlt

"rtll r ",, I/lt

I' N II \.1 "r>rk,,1onlh'"lIr, .. 1

I,..,,' '"

"r th

l}i( ",,,,,,1,,1.'1,,1, fir

thf.J(1t "ICh t ',/V'fl", "",
I~J"II "1",'....
,,,,''', t ..

I~.

I
(SUU ....
1)11)::" 21 t tl~"IIII~
,-,,,,,,I " ttl lhl- nL"I' it'lll ....,110fItlu~1 1114' .)
n..u,c"",1 ,faro" nh Ih,'
.. " ~." 1111I H, The ba<k "r Ih"I"J( ,
1.01... '1 t I,k, t he front. 0, ~"II hy ""n~
fir the rasp on thl- 1111''''1,1,'
n,"',, of ltw becl.ecc !"tl P :!;I~ TIll'II" ~ the
I to n.'1ll~n lht Ill.",,,I'!curv t' till t hc.'
11Mknee

.....

oun

It H. l'IUlokly I""'MOIe ("n,1ur

t h SNItt..rturud,\\, Iiol nV-I" llf'tl t hi' cul ..

Ii".

,J. 'fl'. t.t;(, The~,m(I,",.t"-ftlln-

OIvJO( tACH

ilK other t" 0 l'1JnUI~ 'Ir t he I,~

w.ot tN'tO
OUAl1llS

LaJ)Cr tht'M: l'1lnlel"l' If.ttl I ht

lop. WII' Ih., t..p<r hal(.. a~

liM' L"cltt.om.

A lh
thl"''''''''' ltK eurve on the tMltt"m of th(

27
1

H I,'! I I' OJ Ih /'9 A 1 Ih<

("(,m"r8 (IN II r ba~koj tiff"
Inn' ....! /M " Ih I rnd boNI
t [1" M,rA; be n

28

t"'~':",UunI

v.

-eo, ~ .(.. Sl~p2i

5HAP( 'OlE fOOT BOTTOM

I .~

.,. romen< on 1M main lo:ut of thp

1M
..... llatl<'n<.I. I .",I<hffi

m,

1lI1:('ntJot, to th~ hntlom of Ih. (",I IT..

rk on Ih

......". lb .. 1.'1(L< dam" .. 1\. rll

,. b< ncb

\'l.OP.,

'tICI \1111t. mR' ...K.,.. TIle tiNt frt"I' h ". u-.

fIUlJ'"k tht' hlttflm of the (eJllt!IO It "-:111
1)(

,/I, ,..,."
29 t ,""Int",
run'

rt" , l"t"~3 It I ('III 1/11

" t'

"t":o. fir Illr

II"

Itt f ,

r "t,,1

br," .,,1, ff,r

,.,,!'lIt' ,,,

1,,,,,, IJ",,', rut "II II,

,I

",11 Iw

/(/111111

II {"" ,

30 r"rutrR I',

7hf<hlllh fit. IHI(I,

II'

(If n:"tfJt~"JHr

fh, l~d.llr'1it 7/,t.", '''4

CIt111IC"I rl'/~ n.-.:u 9'1;({, ",,(, ,." t tl".ril 'f'
""fl, ",(Ix. It, ,'j
lU,",(i''''.
t (/iit

''''It'(

.,<1..
,rI" "~"h

10 an <"lrhl
1.1.'1" ~Iarkn:f. r
net' ""e" 1hal dh
0"1,, of the fout
to qu."lf1...for:::. f.j!(t ~t'll:!.'\.'rhl'l\ ('ut "ff 1he
Crtlnl a.ncl sidp ('t,rn{'rs l",t\\'l"('n th{' II\nrks.
"(.~1'1':l!i. t~.)t(:
IJIIII'/l"Jl (Iff thl hfllk
comt r: ~
"'ill '""t'()I1)\' t lu' llt-tol.)
1Itl" Tilt: '~\I'. AIttol' lhl' Ie-MilI~ ;'}"IJ)trl.
th(' (1el it' &1"0l'ut t_liln t'lj!ht)';j.It'(1 ~h.'IH.
I

Start bv uJl(l(>rll'uttinJ,C'lh~
"'Ith

flllir 4,'()rl1t'l~
8 fl~t\\llUIl"al".Thl'lI, rtutuvt tht 4,'cll'

I\{'r.t b)' :;.a"'in~t'If)\\'I' ttl tht untl(.n.'lll~ ul 11

S5 un,rll".~el' ~tev :J(I.

\VOOOSM 11tI

fiNAL SHAPING Of fOOT

Kuw lbat the entire Ie)!has ~ight flat surfaees, the shapinjl can begin. This is jUl;t 3.
process of rounding over all tho 001110,'$.
ROI xn rna 1',\11 To develop a f~.1 for lll,.
proees, I started by roundilll? th~ pntl.
Use the flat side uf the ML'P with arcing
strokes to shape the perimeter of the pad
into a circle, see Step 31.
1l0l!XIlTlIE."0(lT. .\fter the pad iN round.
the edge of the foot i1"" rounded. Here
the t;trokillg action is the same tIS on the
pad - the (lnly differen ce i. ~LOppingU~~
fore gning around the heel. see Stell at.
Note: A~ the perimeter of the foot is
shaped te 3 eirele, use the ,dge of the pad
as " visual guide. The edgt' of the pat! and
till" edge of the foot .hould be t IVO concentric circles, $~ Step 32.
TH!; roor umTI)~1.I\ow the r<:_1 of til.
fOUL(un the bottom between the 1",';n ...ltr I
and the- pad) is shaped by .....I,inl( .. rr th. I
high spots. _ Step 33. (I fouml th:.tl lit. '
contour seemed to d("'{'ll1p b:: ltM'l( 'Ill( 1
caught onto Ihe "(),,klllj! mylhm

aOUNO Pol'tlMET"

'"tOM MA.~ TOIMa"

32 ,'\I"ltll
fro',

,.,,.,,, " r.(tlt'

IOUNO All
MIG" il'C)lS
INtO GUIDl

Tho l ur" I tIl "!Ilk

on is lbe h('('l. "hil. ",,,,wun,,!: Ih. "e,l.
trv to \'L-ru.tJi~' thl" ntlrt curve ((TOrI!the
n(ll'NI)THt! Ift;f;1

too to

buck til ttl., 11R l U U"4 unit, ."

StCt):~
T:tkt"~.(4'" tlotl"flkt (1'1,111on ~ioe,
then ,\ few rn.m lb., ,Jtht>r: 'l'hl!t will hf'lV
d{"\'('lf'l)th~b.,.oj rI,\'lnnu'tnC"dll)'
llll.:

r"",.t4"

I'/IC/ ..pui"t

I"

11'/1/'11
r"llr""I

nl 'h, /(,,,1

i"'I/-/NIIIII
II,
'"lC' 11",/" f dg, "~I

nr r aren all,t,(,1

.....
allkD
1"H(

""'111

th.
33
ct(n-e',fro,,,
tl,.,
~/J.("H

(I'

'''If "/I"'fl

Illflll Il"

thr

fH,t/IJI)( (JJ~(llt',rl'lJ,(1 ~Q JI

tk IWlII1'1'til tIlt t;dgt

Jilt,J. Ollll"1"(16P (Jl'l'r tlu:Ullid.; ,'1(1 rks
ltn/ii (Itt Jiigl, "$}){Jt~I,al't /N'I;" MIllut,IIICII,

f!,f

tHE H1n INfO

aACl( Of fHE 4HKl.t

hr
34 f,"",,111 I},. t"Jf't'-'II"'t "" ,hF
S/l11.11tlilt'

"/11,,

I "1/ rnn-

It~f/' bf,"tJ/',
C~Utllltt'uelillg ';1 ililu II't-/Hlck (If 11", "i/~-I,
.4/st" (/IItll,fer IH,el I" I,r('~'f Ilf rlli/t/UI't,

ROUND THE UG
Now put the leg back an the carver's cradle

In munt! ..... r the re,1 of lb. leg from lb.

ankle up til Ih~ knee. Thi. b jU,1 m"ttc,'
of "'>1>ingand filing from the "centerpoint"
layout line" urn! blending the eomer into a
smooth nrc. ~ S...,,, ;~...
'10 control the rounrtill!! process, ((1rm
onlv h;df of each lire at a time. That is.
:'u-Oketi"Omone of the center-point lines to
the center ()f the Ilauened I!f,nlCr.:.....e Step
:ttj, Then stroke from the opposite side tu
funn the other half of the are.
Fihl.ll !fltttJling ()J'tl'f; 'IIU", JXJrl at
.-(11('. Tilt: .OCIT After the l('g is
th tttl nllt) the A' "t:t i.ot jll,~' U li,(,'I, r
,'Uundlrrt. th" to" of the root L<brought 10 of TIllttl_di,tg Qt't'" tl'f: ('(IrltH'S, _l'$13'I/~
it< final <ha)... R"gin by dampinl! the <"r- rc"ln-fXJ1"lluJ/Q,tl I",u "~II {I'fIC/t'.
,"er's crrull~upright in n vi.... Then til. off
the n(lge ("til tht, top of the fC)(Jt to get a Jli('C
.. NWtf
:::nlt..,lh l'un (.' fNlm lh~ ankle to the peri
meter of lh. fOOL. _ SI;(>I'3i.

35

CfHttJl Of
fW

CO'NE:R

C'''''''t

fIOIHJ

uNf

36 Tc,

!'!'!I,(P"li,t

~tIIII'''-JI(JI

fltt

f", tun :-il(/.

flrll'e J7ttf (,,., (I, ("'Ill/)/' II tit,

1,1I11'(''';'''9 )nllll IJII ull'f'" Ifill,

1(,fll~
frn"

~(Inl~'rl'"
I/'fJl'k (nllil

III 141Y(l111I ",4'

t't

"If"

TIn:f"~I. 1'<1' nt TII~Ia,t step \1<'(01""

th~ I.g i., ",,,{I,~l l' 'lI."'inl!over the top of
thf' tr:ltl~ilJt'n I,it'cl' Thi:-. eliminatE'S a
11u~l-<.:atchingsrn,\ltd.or rll~xltt) the apron.
"". ~tcp:~.
The t"H..<tic~l "-11~' t" tIl, thl:-. 1: to put thl:'
aIJron in pJaee ~{n(ltnttt;' thl' 1I~)rnn t~t~\
t)ll

'0<

the trtl.llSilion piece. Thl!n \I~ ~l('hi..."J tfl

cun'e the 1.1"8Jl...

...ition Iliecc to th\.o lint!
~\'~I_)L"C;.1'he nol" \va\' J kno\\"tn ,n:tJ.i,'
lhf: san(ling gu l'a:-it'T U. til talk ~(Jrn(OfJI\t

elo:e int(, (ICling it .. If thltt (ailk". Jt'~J\I$t n

"(;lIter uf .... liin)! \\ith the tmun untilth
leg ig ~mouth enl)ugh for a 'lul'<'n.
\VOODSMITIi

37

CUIII/J/tfil tltf' ((Jill by 1", dllll] 1111

II flIIP'-frlllt i'sf. tll,/, II,$."IIJlIIII/It,

,...,dq,Ih(lt (';tleu'/If _I"'"II til, 'f ,,~I,. blt"i

,tttl II, t'un'(' 'iftl(l(l,,~-lj
Ill,) tl, jtHl'

38 1l'liP',rul'ily(~/q(put
(ltl(1 (1"(1('1

Tllt'l
I'(lfI"tl

(f

1)1/',,( I1/~r'r),' UI,(I

tm/"'(It",,t

1""1"

(tl'l-U"

i" I~"'r'

')III,.,,~/','f,/llln

ft'

II/'i' u

,'J"

/11""
t

",,,,'''',,/1111.

I ,,,

':)

Cabriole Leg Footstool

GRANDMA'S

FAVORITE

I~~!~~~.~:~
..
~bat I
<aIJ a I!I1lndmothe,.
mbers roolOlool
I'

....tnt

.. "rn,1t f1l xt to J:I'&fIClrrw' ra\ onte

,
room It
""uall>
a flne e urnpl. or I(non,ir1lll8
I It a1~1l' !\at I....rt to ,h.
t of it.. ~Jnct\""DU non t
put your fet! on It (.rand
"t' the r "';&,,
a gQ'KI pro)(..-t I pracuee tho cab.... lrk",(.;chruqu{ ( "I...g.4)b,~,1'\ tack
A pn'J('Ct ,. th long, r 1,'1:"su h.., th.
{ I.ohle .h ....l1 on pol:' II The (,XJt6lod
mph rour I"l!" JOIned b) rour "I'ro,

'''0'

"l

amI hoI.: a

(ahnC'-('l)'f'rt"flll1

hl(Ulnlt'llnlr.d

between tht "Vron.~. I aU.lrt. ,I h~ n..,klllg

I 11'g~.

LEGS

Ik,ton \\.rk on lhl' Il'~:i

11) a\4'Ua'11l~III' (_,ur
til lun~ hlllnk:; If) :!' 'I)':!' -, (Nt tl"('h
nl'IIIL' (In 11.'11,:.' l!f fur lillal111gUJI fl)Ul.!'tl
tell').;.)

Th(!-.(_blanks

til'"

Itlll).!'

"Ill,u~htl'

~;;;;;;;;::;;;;::=;;;:~========::;"7l

mak v, UII(' l~"..lclnJ! h'~ (..\, an" the 1\\,. I

tr:lnl"ititln LlclCk,. (14. thut ur-e ghl(,1

CCIthl' hlfll."" uf the- It,~ t',' )'1.1: 1

IN.\~SlTlf~~ .11
..(.( k

()'Il'i>

lh,'

blarlk~are:-(lUaf\"(1 UI', IrI1101(t\\11

1 llIfl'_' trrtJ\....ill"n I..h", k" from each
t..lank (Xol~~ Tlu-se tdcllkJo.lnu~I,",k
Iiute odd because tlu,-f"I'f \\ id-r
than t tH'~ar~ Iuul!.)

t t,.:-. :<",x".rut each )"R t( (t,l

b..,II. ngth (lJ I:!'" il'l.m (hi" r. nuuu
I~ ..,."",n oftlK-l>la"k
n mal", a
I uem o( Ih, leI( shape (rom the

..

, ,.

COINf'lOS1

I
NOTE
IHfO

n"

1:1'1 I dra\\lIlg III pjg

I ' ..r ",,,,,.1(o.r

th, (n't pauern, :o4"C !"'c,um"!'. p:t,R"

:::.I loa) out the paU, m on 1\\" adj.
~
(,-..do leg blank. I~or a
I
' xJll:u13tl'I'l elf t hlf'. M:.~lhl
(t
, mar I.' tibartillg {Jr.J~lI
Aft. r the pattern 18 rn~rk.,d n the
k
"tWIn' III rira\\ n: (t~ ntoe lint
B<
(our (..... ngh!,. h," th, bot
10m o(th.. romt'f .....t ml"e{s Ih"'''poflhe
knt
.. 2. Tbe "'r.renee h....,. on Ihe
., indimte tht....Ioentl(ln or 1M
I P nd (the ru IlIOn 1,I....k lIId tbe
0011, ,nd o( Ill<' mort "'. ror the rnernse
and I non
nl Ilml Jorn Ih, kg,
3,.nlf\5

11M_. h ~ nnt'" IlJ\\:~ '>1 lh,

.1Il"

'''''II

Il"l'fl"od~lll'n CUlling the

("""....g of th.. ronl( r post.&.
'It 'ftll~.
"",\ftt_ I htI,1t II.ltt"I'1tS k.-.:I.II'II
{lUI. thl' InQrttM (11." tM. c:ut 'l'h"tw "Iflr.
I.th,r

ItIl

A-R"

li.."'4-':':lr, .-"t,l. Ilxl II~htl)

I)\t'rl
tll'l'l'
Thl):'r. ,,,,,"ltt.,llt.t (In 111.-1\\0 (Uf1' \\Ilh
llt~ lJ.llltcrl}l'i. F-4 "t' .. II: 2: 1.'I('Htfl (lit t up ('nrl
(.f lh(' rrul11lM'S
tl.'\\11 (l'CIUl thl tl'(.ll,,,1
('cnll'rl"(l 1 .'" Crull1 lht 11(,).; II1.toIull'("{.rlur

10

T-

'.

<;1 D OfVIDfD
\OUA..( S

IINa

r.ANSITION

alOCK

lfG'

APRONS
()11Ct"

the mort.

.. r

switched g",IN t:,r mil

l","111:I on the ench r he: apn
the nl{)rtl. ...' ~ JI1the ~
CI" 1'1' ~II.." !'Iart b) rlPI.'1g all ~ II.
.,n"" (,.."n I I ( 1,lh.d" to<k to p (0".1
""llho(:!',. Thelllnmlhet"orron~b:l
k
"I)rnn~ (l") to 3 It:nllth I.r t.ll tTl, c,II,,\\
rOr" II houl"er-lo,houl,I,r I, nglh and
:!" {or tht l"'~I(Jng l(hf,n:;. 011 jaC'h t ltd, M"1
F'I{. :I.>
K"xt tnm th(t t\\'O {'nil 3P"'n..~(1'\ ttl a
I"n)(lh
IO~. (wh,eh alh"" s fur lh.
~hnul(It.r..lo....
"'hu\ducr uir'l"nCi~),

"c

TYPICAL SECTION

10(

ANKLE SECTION
0

'&D

I
~~

\VOOI)SMITH

0" n;NOss. After the aprons arc trimmed to lengtb. cut 1".lung tenons on t)lt:
ends, Center the tenon on the thiekness of
the apron, and CUl it until it's just lhze-k
enough tn fil into the mortise in the legs.
sa- End Vie". Fig. :l.
No" trim o/,t' off lhp 101' <.Igt nr the
tenon. This narrows the tenon SY it \\ ill fit
into the " ..Jong mortise III the 1"1:."'"
Fig. a. (Note' "'hen the leg and H(,",II are
joined. the top of the apron should 1;., n".h
with the lOll of lhe corner tln,l. and the
bottom or the apron should """Ion the
lrrubililln hltICkor th, "'1(.)
R..\IIRT APR()SS. Aftt'r thc> l(~I,()n"";lI'it

., rabIM'" I flee,) on the

inside 101'edge of each .'lln," fUI' tlu- pI);'.

RGut2

LOP VIEW

....

I .t.._

,,'

...

1\.'

11It.ltNCI

liNt

r'

- -

I}.i

cushion ba."'-t'~

I routed the ra bbcts tWI'l( a 1>" 8traighl

bit and a fence on the router table. see St"P
l , Fig. 4. (Sh(ll>:-:"l. SWnd the aprons on
.clge when eutune th, rahbel to p'"e\'enl
<hip"Ul n the ..xpo......1 top edge.)
ROl"'"SI)0\ Elt ..U'I(l:\S. Ne..Xl

rout

1/.'

2'

"

~,

t ' .. ~

,'

.,J

round-over l,,,,,il,, with " .. sboulder on

the race opposite th.. rabbet. 0""" again. I
used the !'Uul<'rt.~hl"but this rime laiothp
apron down n"t. s<.,' S1.(:p2. Fij(. 4.
THE lEG/BLOCK

UNIT

Once the apron....are complete, work can

continue on the I(;>~"'$
and tmnsition blocks.
{'tTT".; C'ORSt:K"(IO>'TS. :$Ial'l by cuulng'

IWo face cuts on the corner POStSof each

leg (refer tUIJRgt! b). Locate these curs 1lit"
from the hack edge and run th .. cuts f!'Urn
the lap of lhe leg blank to lh e reference
line.
c::t.11
0" IIL()('K.",After th" {lI(:eCUI'are
made, glue and clamp the transition blocks
ome the sides of the legs. (Note: They're
glued on so the j(nlin direction is vertical.)
Each block should be flush with lh" front
and baek of the leg, and the top edge of the
block should be right on tbe referenee line.
TH& I'RO,'II.&. After the transition block;..
are glued on. layout tlw re.<l orthe leV; and
Irans ilion block pattern. WId also Illy out
the round pad on the bottom o( the foct.
Then the fun begins. Cut out the leg/block
units on the bandsaw and shape the profiles. (Once again, this procedure is ex
plained in the article on page" 4-9).

-4

FaONT'IlACK
APltON

10m

SlOt MOmSf

J;:-r-

"1\--

1 , ..

_ .........

... .-L.

,,~
THIS fOG! TENO$
CK1POUT

IOUNO-Ovtl
WITH ~

I_"
CI""'. 'tNOH

END APltON
(CUT1WO ,.'ECES)

fiGURE ..

... J

(CUYlWomW)
10',,-

,..

- -

11,,.-

lOUND TtliONS

,.

COItN(t

..

I I

(~

INS.Of

131,.

of '" r-

.._-

RGUAt 3

[}

"

complete. rout a
....'00C'1

l'

ON'H~'wlSS
Of "to(,

-_

-..

_Lf
1'4- ....

A.ttON EtNC:EYf,," itA IttNV'

~. aOVNo.oVtl
fE~C(

WITH~" 5.HOUlDU

'INU

EXPOSto fDGl'

ROUtE 5.

ftot4T &A.CK APRON

... .' i' IAUU ../

ASSEMBLY

Finally. after the lell>8'" shaped. the leg;

apron assembly can begin. see Fig. 5. T
glued up the legs in pairs. starting with the
two frontiback aprons (C) and corresponding legs.
Shop Note: Be sure the clamp pressure
is directl~'over the joint so the aprons
remain square to the legs. If they're not,
the footstool will be OUtof "quare w hen the
end aprons are clamped in place.
'\'hen the two fronVbatk units are dry,
glue and clamp the end aprons (D) bel ween
the two units t.o complete the assemblg
\VOODSMITH

TOP VIE\!!
(SlCTtON)

,-1-.....

NOT:: ~ms!

SUGHt\Y OEma

TH~ lIHGft4Of TtNON

II

UlY OUT THE CORNERS

- ..

APION RAUl'

eominue on the curTlt~rI"'.~t:o-.Tht' illS-ute

lOC.IJ'l C(N'IIfOUrfl

IN HOM I.Ull
lJlrrr((I

corners of the po6l." al*\" t"IJult."fi e,ut to :1.C-

""pi th.. pl~""00<1 eu-hion 11.,; ..

out:mk- rorot"n- are rouDlI("(1ttl

~,.

( ''1TRPOV\''t Tben local, a ('1 Iltf'"JC'lnt

.AGOHA&.

lO(.U'_
......

emootb

TUt; IUBBI T I "E, I _tartt"" I"

la>,ng out -om e rt>ft'rf'n('('11n~ and ~
cent~rpolnl F.r>' ..x t ..nd .hl' h"', of tIM>
rtlbb<>ts (In the aprons) onto tIM>to!' of..ad!
conJ<,r I"'>t ........ Fi~
I;

ClAW.

..

,.1 thl'

nrlj""
nOES"

I
til

After the foot<tool i....

,,,,'mbl,.I, "(Irk ran

m from the extension llll(". """ !'til, t;,

'rhls P"lnt serves tlOU ,oul1'<"$< t'lrot. it',
0.. eenterpemt for. y,,dUl. h"l. Iho.l
~
the ,,,sid, radius ft.r th." not~h.SeC'
I ,(,th, ,,,,nu'rpoinl to n",,'nlllne the

.....thlrc MlI< of the (.'UrIltr post

"N.", CJL~mt; kA()ll s TfJ ,Inl\l, the out-

, .... 1 'So place the po,nl of 3 c..ml"". on

stt

cpoint ar.1 Ih" ",'nCiI (lr thl' ,',,01'

"Jth the fact- or t hi' 4..('"l~'r ,M).,t

I
"'AJOHI

tit ro ot'T"
0' ANON'ANltJ

kr m an.". Theonu~ n \'(II)lbln3liull

"I'~I~' t 1,1,..." t:; lint" I,('n)$5 lht, t'C.mtlr
t
t Akh,-s tht' arc, !"(_~ J~i~.
fl.

IOVGH CUTCO.""'IS 0'

mwooo

10 At AIOUNO
COINllt f'C)STS

I I Illf II~.!; Nt'xt, USt,the MIURI.... tC)

I J t\\11 gllll,,1 li.ws down ('lLl'h rue..' ur

"l
h

'I 1..11,.
~~Ig,
1. ft;Xl("ldl,nt'lin('
1111,I"..-n (1'''''' II", poinl whi-re th~ nrc
1
'I he n ",h'nd ,,"uth, r lill"

hr.""

I '" I tnll" tllr IJOlnt "'}"'ro tht 1rl Ii,ttl euttl

.....
rc~
.. t hr rne r
CUnl~G

too
t

I I :\
__

THE NOTCH

('1I,nl,ft l4. Il rlotch ean bf.

corner po..l to

)1 (If {'Ath

,.t,)"\\ (JllJeI top.

"t 1It,1,,1

1t 4JN". Ilegln b)' euu lng a

p1ywocxl "wtfvrm ttl .il in

1loJl,platform '" UON)I" balI nahgn ond r..ut~r. ....f,r 10

I II I Tben """hi,
tilt oUI Ihi'
or t plyv.... 1... tl"'~ (it aro"r~1
tun"..r poo;u
11" (uk" K Tf. Cunn the IMI(lt cor

-elUI. hoL:. ~. deep Ito match

.th of 11M>rahlM>tl ... -e Fll{, "
x xt ~ A
~raij!ht bit ,n tIM>""'t~r
,.".,:olwltlrout the
from the 1Il",I~
" or nth 1'0-,1. Rout jll'! oh~ Iof the
rtf r......,
fIg. !to Th~n. clean up
Ihr hould,,.,. with a thiHl until th.,y'",
n ..1th the rablw-'-". "i' Fi~, III.

WAsn~

W'ltw So..,
Of I.&arn

rot_,,,,

y.

"'''<t~

Ii""".,.....

lAel( CLn

OUlHID IIOf

to "tvtt.i

1...

<"""""

OUTSIDE RADIUS

Ib make th~ "u'" ,de "'" iU., ",I, a .h.u-p

thilwlt" par-., down th,' CO,,",'rtu th,' ir"ide
guklt- hnt.'1\..tThi~ cut:. a';, ling1.. urr ,hi'
('(In,, r. ~ Fig. 11.) No" mark n ct.\nt.-r
hn., halfv,.-ayIM>t"eenthe two on~,,'" gu,de

lint,",=,. Thl:O; center lin~

~~n(t\
us

th( hig:h

I'OInt of the radiu.,

I'ILIl TO SIlAPe.

U"~
n ra~(ll() ~hn",th(

tin310ublicie .-adlUs by roundinlt from Ih~

QUl<;ide guide lines", the high IlOint(C('nl~r
linN. _ Fig, 12,After thp outside m,liu.
)~

WOOOSMITH

is rounded, blend the knee of the leg into

the rounded corner \\;th a file. see Pig. 13.

ROUSD O\'ER TOP DGE. The la~t step on
lhe corner post i$ to round over the (01)
edge with a "" round-over bit. see Fig. 18.
(Use the temporary plywood platfortn to
balance the "outer \\ hile routing.)

RGuat

'01

~.,~I,~,.

fOAM DETAil

-~
-

101- P'Otl'UTtllAnlN'G

t2~ 1$".

THE CUSHION

I'D have to admit that the cushion and

upholstery scared me !IS much as anything
on this project. But nlier ( ",ot into it, I
found that it's not too difficult.
PL\'WOIJI) 6Al'~;. Start by tUlling the 1':"
1)lyw(loobase IE) so it's ".,,"smaller (botb
width and length) than the dlstanee between the ''abOOL<. Then knock off the
~ha." corne .... and ....se the ,,,lge~ of the
plywood, """ Fig. I~.
~'OAM1\\0. To do the upholster~ start b~'
cutting a t"thick foam pad to the same size
as the plywood. Then bevel all (our l<lg~,
oftbe foam W 45. (l did Ibis on a bandsaw)
Once it's beveled, fas;len the foam I" the
plywood with double-sided CR.,,,t WI'" II
seems like the bevel .h"uld ~) UI>. bUl It

doesn't.Il~'puttU\g it ,/,,,,.,, lil" fnu.ln \\ III

form 3 smooth CUTVt!' yvh,n tht fMI.n(' II'
pulled down tiJolht."., ll"t.,I," I 'J: II
K.\'M'LVG.

On

(,r 11.," (f~lnl,...1.1a

L41JJ

1.1I~'t'

h,,

of l"thick cotton Itlm~ :'Ihghlly ("KI

out the (_dg(.".Sb~'
h;md l" rn.'.'te .:).clonu ....
appearance, ",'(' Fig. II
And finull~'add a thin 1';''<'' o( polyester
batt in!! (:I 0z.). Cut Ihi.piece about "
wider and longer than the bese and I rim off
the corners so it dO(>,n't bulk up when it's
pulled down light. see Fig. I;;,
F.,nRIC. The whole cushion is lopped o(f
with (abric (or grandma', needlepoint). I
cut th" fabric about i) larger (ooth width
and length) than the base so I could pull it
under and staple it to the bottom.
There's a trick to getting nice rounded
corners without wrinkling the fabric. Cut
1.\\'0 triangles off each corner; leaving it
Y'-wide I.Ilb in the middle, see Fig. 15.
G~IIJt:LI~t:s.Once the fabric is cut, ,,".
semble lhe layers, 10 help keep the fabric

S.CUtlI'OAM
M,O to lAS' WI'"

c ,."

IA"

,r- M(OIN'.

fiOl"fI\11'

fltTWOOO CUSHtOH lASt

10' 13",.

........,..
I

Of

'w.o

CUVOOH
IA\1

lfAVE: A .'

.,

WIDE tAl

an.

,liM COINEts
01 FAlltC

StAPlt AlOHG

toTHANGUD
AI

EACH COftNER
Swu ALONGIe'"
footS Of lAl

vven, Ipenciled in guide lines 1\\0"in from

nil (our sides o( Ihe plywood. see F'ig. 16.

-v,,' staples and" staple gun

,\n..r the centers are """'I'(', add a staple
Then 1used

Iu fa.,1.en down the center of each side.

r.n eaeh I).lde of the center one. Then contimlt' .t'pling in this sequence, checking
lh, 1(1"<)(' lines to make sure the fabric is
htr.'ltlwd ''''enl~
I UII.\ nt!' 'Vb.n you get to the eorners,
llIpl,' Alon~ lh. angle cut. see jo'ig. 17.
Then pinch Ih~
ctlMWl'$ and pull the tab III)
and over lh~ bark. 1'101\' staple across the
tab and .Inn)! both edR'" or the tab. and
then trim ;1Y,lt~'lhe cx('t!~'i.see Fig. 18.
"'ISII finalb: I bro,hod on five coat>;or
thinned varnl,h (refer to artiele on page
22) and then aUached the cushion with rour

"L" brackets. _
WOODSMITH

rig.

f,.I,f(

, ez. POl1'IStt. IAmNG

COlTON IAmNG
1 fOAMPAD

"\ .. 'lACKfTS

III.

I'l

Queen Anne Side Table

BUILD A FAMILYHElRLooM
Thf'rt' are a few pieces ur rurl\itua'43' that
everv woodworker woukl love to build ...
$(Im~a~" Thi~ Queen Anne side table is
(I'lt- of thO$(.. rli(>C("'~. ti('~ic1t:':oth(. beauty or
thE>rle::;i~n,the ntt raet ien of this table
seems Io hl' reh..lt'Clto the skill required tu
build il.
I'm n,ntNl~oing that YOt!11:1\'('to tw'i mast er crafl sman to build it. Ytl1J ~l,jJ1l.BUl
t hert is t he ~hall(!ll~t.of It>arrun,gseveral
W(WI(I\\orkinR techniques and f,ullin~ them
all together to produce one piece of heirloom furniture.
The primary t("('hni4ue (If enurse is makil,g the cabriolele~. ('!hI' stf'l'f-by,;t('!l
d~l.:u!:; of this technique .u'\! ri~~e,:ribc
....t In tilt
IU'I ide

.tarung en I~'g~ 1.)

CABRIOLE lfGS

"':a,'h tug ~tnfl~out it;.. a block t)1 walnut

2Y~"squarv b)' rU1Ighl~'2S"IIII1': "rill
Itngth includes enough for O"t' II'g (..\) fJl~
tho Iwo transition blcK'k.(Ii 111.'1",,'1(1"1 I
on near the km-e..... e I"i~.1
Sh"JlN{tlt: )'(lu('t4rav.I'Jt 111,(c'llrl t

~ ~ ;;to<k to form Ih., hhonk fur II. k

the ~lut! ll"~'"

" ill tch'J'A ,\ lit IIt III I .'
fnnn ..~,~ ..\1:>e" Ut"C'.tO ._.Ilf ('h"rll{' In:MOl I
I,.ttlt,,ntl. th"I'" may tit unu l'r~,t)ll1fll
rluring the $hOl)lnj.! prll(,(':o'~ In tl a,1 1
used a 3"x:~ turning 1"14u.ll"( \\ hl\ 1\ " I
trimmed cI(}\\,1to lh.e 2 I ~lLlrt "11.,
Sources, page 24.
..\ncr squaring up the stock tv ~ I (t4."
Slwp Notes. paj!e 19). cut off a 21 ~"I.n~'1h
for the leg and two Z" length.; fer the transiuon blocks.
,-',rnR'. Before gluing thp transition
blocks on, the Iirs l step is tc mark the 1",1tern on tWQ adjacent face80flhc leg-blank.
To do this, make a pattern from the grid
drawing in Fig. 1. or order the free pattern
!'rom IlI>oJd.mith, see Sources. page~. It'$
best to use carbon paper La Irace lhis pattern onto a piece of posierboard (or MasonItel, Then CUI OUI the ~hapc and lay it over
the printed pattern 10 make sure the
shapes are the same.
XOI\' use the cut-out pattern to mark the
outline on the leg s. Since I was working
with wlIlnut, it was dinicult to lieC" pencil
lin,'. In"lead, I used a felt-tip marker to
elraw the pattel'tl on the leg blank.
HErERES(It;_1..I~ES4After the pallel'll is
mark!,1 on the ""'"k. use a square tel mark
,'.fcronce linc right where the corner
I""'t meet.; the lOp of the knee. SO!(! Fig. 1.
Markthi.lin. around all four fac't'softh.
leg. (Th"$(! line.- (l.I'(' u>'I'dlaler when cutting the leg LO>hape and when gluin!! on
lhe transition blocks. refer to Fig. 7.1

14

"'t.XlISl';S(}:a; ~A('"1~":G.lhe
mortises on
"'j!> are the same qn both f.C(!l;-

"''''k

.. 1,1, b)' 3'~' long by 1'1,,' deep and

lit, flo.1 11.{t~from the inside corner, ~~
I III 2 fbi. position (centered 111''-from
I
".r) issneh that there will be a small
10 "",.'r rapproximatelv
'It wide) bel ..... n th~ fae. of the apron and tbe face of
t 110 ("nl(:'1"'"t of the leg, see Fig. 5.
\tfll(fts ..:s tJS fRO!\'Tl.fo~G.
The mortlses,
,1he- Iwo)"",' legs are a little tlickier be"'AT'IIAI'II"

CUTTING DIAGRAM

2' H ;row",.
'0
:1 ~.,
'1',
a TtOMilion Block, (a)
, 2 ,
C SldeAp.ron.(2)
.~ ,' ~ 2U
D 6odcApn>n(1)
I\-\ S',
t.

Overall O;~I~

A 1Atgs(4)

E
F
G
H

low.rOtowetltai1~l)
TopOrowerRolI(l'
Top
l(fck.rs(2)

I Runn.,.. (2)
J Draw-effron' (1)
f(

OtawerSidfl(2)

t Ot-owe..-60&(t)
M Orow.,. BottOM (I'

1\ 1

'v. 'V.

"6
IS'",

24

I~ " ~

....,

IYa.'.'

19'.
"/, 3,. 14'.
'h1l1'1
'8
1Ii1l2~/ 13',
It." 1Plt . 13'"
.1;

'

I,

WOOOSMITH

cause the two mortises are difl'erent $IZCS

and l)osition~cJ differentl~' One side has a
3'Yt-lol1gmortise for the ,icJ~apron (that's
11()~itiol\oof'X~tc:tl~
lh same as on the bact:
I<!g;<), """ Fig. :1.
Rut the other side has It mortise (,nl\' I"
10111(
for the lower drawer rail (EI, ref.;' to
"ig. fl, This mortise is also l)()~ition(.-'d
ili(ferently - it', centered )'/." Irom the inside corner instead of I 'I,'. see Fig.
Sh"" Note: Acl'lUlly WhUIyou're doin!!
hy nUJving the t't'nlt"T line (tf lhi$ mUlti:-e i"
~hining th(lot-ail fC)N'aM~)it ~titk:-.nut in

FlGUO' ,

itltt,lh Nt),

COIfNfll

I I
I

PAfltIH AV"'U,AW
Sfr SQUaW
2. _
flAGf'.

,
7'

I' '..

OIlP

I '.

'RANSI110N
8LOCK

ASSEM8lED lEG
('01' VI[W)

FlGU"

,,

~1._

MOllllSfS

'~l

j.

I'

t:',

...

., ",
"

SHOUlO.

SIDES,8ACK
APRON

lACK
lEG

,.,.

"I t

SID<

,
l

...

TENQN DETAIL

lines on the I.:gs.

un.

CUCl\

"

14

"'00"
'c

1.

I
...1'1

II'

....

-t

..._)

...

hOUR(' S

'

FIGUIiE 4

"G)

,:.-,-;::-,...;' . on.

,,

2_

_'2: ......~

~2. r,

2.1.

e~",I",1 to make thp 'hr .... "I'r,"'" allollh,

tower ttl'(lYl'er rail ()ut Ilf I I (\
t 1 lie
stuek. ThL' two :-'l,lt apron c AIl,t tIlt
back apron (()) :lrt Zlilcut t(1 ,Ii ~llnlln'JIl

..

MORTISE DETAIL (RON'

..
NOTE:

\VhCI\ Lhe mortises wer .. (,(ltnl)I,tl', J It,..,

20'

~~

0"",'

MOlllStS

THE APRONS

cur

1 .-SQ(.;AR

2fi.)
,

width of !llt.Then lhl" :-i,ll4 itJII'Itll () II"'f'tnnlflll'f1 t'l

a l"n~rth flf :!tY This ;,1111\\ .t huul(hr4,.
:_.,.h().l,ll(I(,Jlell~ltlIII IS ~Iul
~ r(lr th( two
1 -h'n~ t(!Jl0111"on c.(c"l, "IIlI,ItI"t. ~I).[.Il, TIlt.bI"'k :.,''''" (Il)" It;' 1""I[\\\'il h a shoulderto-""o"ld,'r lelll-"h ,or I ["},
Ilk \\\ t;R R \11.. .:\("Xl. the lower drawer
rail (El i.cut I' wide and to length of
16". Thi- allow- a shoulder-tc-shoulder
length of 14"(to match th~baek 1<1""''')'
T.:Stl~SAft.cr all four pieces are cut to
::'11.(.',cut tenons centered on the en(l~ of
each piece to fit the mortises in thi> 1l'J,'1:t.
see ~'iJ!:~
When lhe tenons lit. dry- assemble thp
tabl~ and check tll"W that tho wp erlge" of
the threl! aprons ha't flush with the till'
cnd~ or Lh(cc,r'n(_r J")st, Al~), li,t })(.llum
edges of th.~e apron< and the lower
,)ra\\-er rail ~hould be illig11{"(i t)l\ the n-fer-

~1'"'~-fI""

NOTE:

LEG

21

PICHT
RIll~ll

UHf

>.,.

, t - ""'

IlEf(IUCI

front oft.he corner (>(,~ta little" Then it can

be plnn('(1p.,Tre",tlynush I",,r.
Fig. f

MORTISE DETAil (."CIt lEG)

(SlOE VlW)

I" .'

,L_

RGvtE l

lE!;~nERN

a.

,,\fl6:r the mnr1.i~c:l werv Inwk,tl nn ull

four 1~j1S.I drlll~d them out on a drill P""'-'
hy drilling a series of uverlappinz holes,
Then I cleaned up the cheeks with a sharp
chisel. (Fur " step-by-step article on cut
ling mortise anti. tenon joints. se- \\"JoIJII

f.

CROSS SECTION
ITOP VIEW)

JL

'IIONT

,to

4 t

Uft ,

cur OUf
CORNER

"'$1

11;f(a-fNQ
UN'

\
,

.J.-

..

WOODSMITH

"I.
~

..-

.~
.....
.;

...
~

..

!-

r"--,

+IrAHS,noN
"lOCK
15

....."'"_.
-

TO' V,W

'iIO'<l

"0

, r,

,..
r

lOWl.
D'~WEIt lAll.

DETAil

l.thl,-

l'uL~

~.t\\,
(jr~t
j

makr-

In fr(lnl htlt h

deep shoulder

I..-..

l'ndt'.

t-t'f!

Fig. 1(1,'fhu-,

\\ 11I,'tabli.h ".hllul"erlo,huuluer
I, nJ(th of H rvqual til lh. lower drawer
null. TIlt-IIto (..rm the <1""elail. make II
ant:J. cuI. with 1hi' .....1,landing on "mi .
.'g. II
t l T "'Io()( k ..:T ~(I\\ u...
e th e dovetail to
mark the t'OC'k. I '>II t he COMK'rp"'b of Iht
l" front te~.:K"C .'1"':.I:! Then chop out
\ht IIOCkt-l" Ilh D
eh... I. """ Fig 13.
\1 D. pre -drill u count erbored shank
h I~.llh~ centero(lh. rail. ,ee f'il[. '.
Th hnlt> i:o: tht -.3111('Ij... tht- (1nl',,",in tht-:
k r....r,,lo t'i. I~,.

.mu,.

CAlltlOLE

,.....

.... 1O<'Of
CQtHU POil

- ,..

~IDf A liONS

I
I

LEGS

l'h~ h"_if part" of Ih. (dbl" are complete,

t. Ihl~cumes th fun lUll'l euulng th~
ftt 1101. 1\'J(tI.lCI~h4lJ)t ~~('l~ the srt ielc
t rlln~ on ).,lt~
I)
1111 IJ.aII.icproct-dure It' tv make lhl' t,\u
cut r.)r thl' corner I)4J!'t~first. Then
,. ,hi' tran,.lti,tl! blocks t u tht- Ieg,
\\ In tht lranitltlorl block ....are in plaee-,
od.... the ("..hrlok I"g:<lu ,ha!'<' as de
bod In the ""'''''I'''''>'1I\g ~Je. Then
Iiiit' Ihe m 10 ronal.hap'-'

00Yt_

AGU>I

rl T IM)\..:TI\II'I'c, make the dovetail 011a

......
....".

""
.....

the t"p of",,,, r ",;](f)...... Fig." I used

tl>l' Inut.11<maI Wll~o( IOOUnlin)!Ih~ pi",*
"" Ith a &Ilsrlt cl)\'t"t.llil.
;o;IArlb) culling lhe ""lrnm, I I steek to
"i,lth of 1 arull., UlcllJrth of 151~ see
"'K..~. Then cut ,I, 1<inglt' rlovetatl on both
em _1'"hj can b.'\ ,In.:'wrth tl too S.1\\, or
tabll' ~a".

'I.

DI1"'1

DltAWlI

Tht-n'" """ mono .....0 I.. odd 10 tbe Ulble-

...

TOP OIlAWllt IlAll

SHAPE THE APRONS

r lb. Il~art' ~hapett. (Ir) assemble

I IIjllIIJ\ to mark the curv .. 1pattern
h bottom ....lllt u(th. aprons, ~ I-'ig
l.e A full IW,).Iltt'nl fur tlu! a)Jn'I\....l~ in, :!d with tlif' (';:lllnc,ll'll'J,t' pattern, ~(t
IT

II.l'Kl'~'"

'I "In lh,, 1-',llt('I11 I'll the curve uf the

bl" en btt'IUlt'l lnto lhl' CUI\(."of the tranhlcKk,,"Ih. 1"1(. A
the l>Allern I,
nr k cl rcn'o\'t,I t lll' 0I,',1In:-. nllo cut. lht.'m
I" n .l'Mt,d~\\;
t ~ltL\ :\0\\ the tabl. can hE' 3:'-I glue.... n,I.13"'1 ....1 th, ,.ide apth. roompondmg; 1(11'>
fi",L Th"n
JOt,"'" I
t"o urul' to the b:u.~apron
tl< r"onl rail.

n,,.

OliO

(ur TtMl'\AJt

OUt

OfPOSfOto .... p
01 '" MA.SC)fII ,.

CUIV1ON U.ON
Rowt WooiTO
CUCYf
Of IAHS.ITIOH au>eK

THE ORAWER IIUNNIIS

t
table L<a ><'mbll-d. lh~ draw.r
ror",,'" and kick.r ,.,0 be .t<!e<l.

TIl kl,ker 1I1l .. nlollnl~d lu th, I..p

the pnm 10m;tk. lh, kicker. cut

t I a m IIh 01 l' and to l.nL'1.hto fit Ix~
I", n th (ronll"1{ an.1 Ihp hack al'n," , :<t'e

hI

Nrll('h {Itll lht

It.

hUI.:k l'lItl

or the kjc_ke.r to
\VOODSMlnI

lil around the hack comer post. BUl before

mounting it. pre-drill QI't'rxi;lI(/ $hallk
hole. for the screws that hold Ih~ top in
pla', set' Cress Section in Fig, 15, (The
holes must he oversized to allow the solidwcod lOp lo expand'eontraet.)
IlRJ\'\'~R l~lr!\""N}:R.'tNext, cut the- drawer
runners (I) to fit between the fronl rail and
the back apron. see Pig, 1;;, Both ends
have to be notched to fil around Iht, corner
posts, see Stel,l in Fig, 16,
AJw, rabbets are cut in the runners to
j.,'Uidethe dra wen see SI.,,2 in fill, 16,On"
nice \\';ty tUflo lhi:\ i~
tu cut the rahbet ~t it....;
shoulder sticks Hut a hair (about ';',') Irorn
the Iace of the ccrnei post, see Fig, 17,
TilL.. "'uy the drawer ~i(lcwon't rob 3Jtain.c;t
the PO"t, it will only rub against the shoul
der of the rabbet.
After this rabbet is CIII, I rim n(f I h.,
small sliver next let Lhf' Iront notch. :-'l'l'
Step 3 in fig, 16, Then pre-drill hule" (""

woodsercws. and fasten the runner

tn

The draw, r '" buill the old-fashiened way:

\\ uh half-bliud "o\'etail~ on the frolll, and
through dovetails en the back, see Fig. VI,
(A l'Umplct.e.lcp-by,>teparticle on cutting
th rough dovetail. by hand is in 11''''''/''111;111
No, 19, and an article on half-blind dove
ralls is in l~f)(~x"/illl No. 2'l),
I'K,\,,'ER FKO~T.Tll build the drawer,
start by eut ting' lhe drawer Front (J) to
.ir.e, The length of the front is determined
by measurmg the distance b~t"'t~n the:
shoulders of the rabbets on the I'llnners
Ie.> ~'".. (for clearance), plu$ . (for the
"-,,'ide Up",od edges), The width i.equal
to the hdl(hl of lh" opening, I..."" '"". ((or
eleamnee), plus .. ((Qr the IipJX,ll'(lgc,),
Now cut - x Yw" rabbets on :111 rour
edges of the drawer front, Then the pins
(.UCkeL.<)IIf the hall-blind dovetail can b.
cut. To complete the dra\ ....er front, rout It
,houldel'ed <luaTter-round !,rufile on lhe
(runt (ace, M'V O(llSlil in ~ig_.lR.

";R SII)t:S.

Next,

C:\ILthe

tlro\\'t'r

sid.s (KIlo .ize OUtof '-','-thick stock,

Then cut dovetail. on the end. to tit th"
sockets in the drAwer frollt, Also, .ut n
','-"ide groove ror the drawer bottom (M)
in the dr:.wer u-.)nt and sides, ~ Fig, II(,
TIH; S '('K, Then tbe dr'Awer back (L) i.
cut lfl fo'i7.E>ami joined lCllhe t\\'() sirje~\..ith
t hnJu~h du,()tail$. ~oe Fig, 20.
ilK \\\ >:It HUTTU)!. Finally,
glue the
dra\vtor l(,gethel" an41 cuL the rlra\\'f>T bot
tom (~Il out o( ~.' ,,1.)'\\ "",1 and .Up it into
lh('

)O"oo\:l':-',

~(!c

WOODSMlTH

~"'ig.~lh~,

",ut
S'lItfW
ItOOC

1'0_

fo'-'1I-'h:-"..

Slot

AnON ~

...,~~

1\

1I;tckl.

..:

COUNTltQIl OVl'J.lll

SHANeHOtIIOtt

..

iC.,w

I,

JlOUI.

1"7

u....

I
1

NO''''
tu""t.I,1
(NI) 10

fn

A.OU~D

RAil

rem

tAl'" '.
OllP AND '/

CUt

COlIN ...

ORAWEI

01"' ..'

LS$ 'HAN

I'OSl ON

OlSfANCtfO
C:O.NO POSt

lfOS

TH(ORAW(R

l)fU\\

NOTOt "'"
END Of K1CK.RS

tl.,

al''')o; so the bottom of the-".1.1",1" nu.h

with Lilt' lc,,\'c~rdrawer rnil (:.;,0,(>\\ 'llr
place ouly, dOn't u..",' ~~II'" III 11;, to I~ I"t
moved later to add thl' t('Jt...J
$t'IlE"' l~l.f'(kThpn~"lin,' nli]1 r mnll
piew to nnel .. ~ ,'n'\\- block as ,'('nit 1"( 1)1)11
the- [I-If' l"(lJ,:l) uf llll' bnl-k nl',",J'1 tu hold 'Ju'
table t'('I' in f!tru:",' see 1-11( 1:'J.

MGUIt 15

(OWl.

REMOVE SUVU

!lit""'''

AND G-"A.MFr.

... 1

CotNER

...

flGUD II
.l." a

'AnET

ON AlL touR 10GB

-.

1~'

to

1',
'..i

BOTTOM
~

',,"1t~"
lABan

BACK
{.!)
_WEI

STOP

,
lAO!

.'

oonOM
SKU'!

mrocUt~

OW' S><OUUlU

"GUlf"

DOVETAIL DETAIL

- ....-'.
... '\\-

KiUI

10

_ '. oooo.t

!.!~===~fO~.~_~~
..gao~T1OM~==:!:=~~~~~~======~
17

URE. 2'

THI TABlE TOP

1<",1.

f h"
i, ......
rnplete now QXL'Cplfor the
luI' (t; I. To make Ihe lop, glue UI)e""ugh
, >I stoek to got a blank with a rough tlizeof
21' ",Me by 2,';' long . see f'ig. 21.
On"" Ihe glue is dry on the blank. plane
both f3('(.'$dO"1\ so they're smooth and Oat.
If'or mON>on l"luingup panels lik~ this and
planing them Oat. see \\'1""'.111;11, No. 32.)
\Vben it'. nal. trim the blank 10a linal
.ize of 20" wide by 24' lang. (This is 2~
wider and Il)n~r than the outside dimensions of the 3.ss embled table - which preduces a I >/,. lip on all four sides.)
I'RO.II.E Tilt: ';UGE. After the top is
trimmed to Iinal slze. cut the edge profiles.
First cut 3 chamfer on all four edge..
One tip here. It', best to cut this chamfer
(and do the rounding over thaI follows)
immediately lI.fter planlnjl the top smooth.

'''8It TOr G

sroc.

GlUt UP' 4 4
'0 FOlM atAN~
rot tAIL( fOif'

RGUI

. - ..

II

chnngt bL"t)4o:--(llle,' lh. ;r.;;t.Wr I t UI', Ii

combination hlwl,-' t(1 UlO.cki ()U"lI4: ('u

SHOUlDER CUT

I
'<NeE
,

SOUAtEUP
SHOUtDfl

,
'n _
llAllf A II

NOTE:

~1I01'1.IIf.R n T Afh'r 1IUl~"'j( 0" II

chamft!r cut nn nll (our tIIJ.:' r, It tht
blad~ to !to' and lower t I,.. IIbul. ... II JU I

'l'l(1

"OUR( "

First, tilt the saw blade to II :Inti r";,,,tl>.

h(igbt to I", <ee Fig. 22. Then Ijlt" tho
leaves a .~' :mouhf~r.
One more til,). ('utling thUl. {'hUIJI!'r
really..a rip cut 011 tilt.' [,,"'I' It,ng I'ttl. Iu ,I.
cross cut {In lh,,' 1"'.;0end ... ~'II(" \IIU 11"1

CHAMFER CUT

If you wait overnight or a few day_. the top

\\111have a chance 10 wail', EV('n it th(
warp is very slight. it will cause problem>
with <Illling the chamfer.
('ll"~fFERCtT. Now back t.u th~ .h""'f. r;
fence so the blade cuts a chamfi-r th

,c'

CORNE.

.00000C)W*'

ON'
I tAl f

CANNOT tOUCH
(l1-.w:E.R
t-

-.-r~---;=;~
1/.

ROUND-OVE.

I."

bal-ely cuts a square !'houlc.l(_r(1.)\!,." til .111

dlamfen,d surface. see Fijl. 2:1.
KOIINnTilE KIM":5 \~n"nthe ,,"'unf"r I.

complete, all four edges: are rounded o\','r

with a II," round-over bit on a router ta1.I~.
First, round over the bouom t!(1~e.see
~""iJ{. 24.
Ne'L. round over the chamfered edge,
Sneak up 011 this <'lit. rounding as much of
the corner a..... IMj~.,ibl(t\\ith~,ut nllo\\ing th()
corner of the bit to hit lhe ehamfered sur-

r3~.see

Detail in ."ig. 2.1.Then 5"rnt'KJththe

edge with sandpaper.

ftG,UR

Non

DO NO' GlUt
lOt' ftJ
lAAl( '.lAM(

't()l"T TOI' 'Vhen the top is complete.

mount it to the table. Fjrst , remove the
drawer runners so th(!)~'r(?not in the \\'a)t
'Then til ensure that the lC)I> is. centered on
the table. mark 8 centerline on the underside <IIthe lop and on the apron- and WI'

drawer rail, see Fig. 25.

\\'ith Lile t.,hle centered on the lOp. drill
pilol hoi.". in the top. and temporarily
""YeW Ih, tOil in place. Then remove the

~rc" ~ ~I th~ tahl(' can be varnished,

.'I'I!'iII. Til Iinish this table. I varnished
thp tabh- top and nlbl><.~'it out to a high
gloss, For 111('IIIbl~ leR" lind aprons. I
thinned down tht varnish so it would be
easier 1(' work with, ~ the lift rele Sl3J1ioSt
011 ptiA_t'

18

ClNTEtt
MAIXS

MAX! CENTlR IAAUS

TO AUGN TOPANO
TAW FRAME

20.
\VOOOSMITH

____

S_hopNotes
SOME TIPS FROM OUR SHOP

HO~DING JIG fOR SHAPING

Shaping

Jt

Tn eut the blank, ''''lll"n , I buUt 11 un(lle

jis: nut e)( a \."f)uVll- I'lt ('i ()( Rr~() Tbe
purpos, uf lh,, jill IS t" ,-rdllh the turnIng

LEGS

eubrlC,141l',c 1:'- a Jot easier than it

lwkl4. ",at lu"clill~ it ~l(.ady KOit can be

"urkt'cl ftc)"' tliffc'l"('nt directions "it.h a
<1111 IK "

MtlUllrl' nntl H""II it from r....)(,hlllJt ."lIlt t ,\ l~t

ing "hil,- 'I" ... IOKn"I.,1

rUM)",
s. nil's. and sandpaper

slu,kt':ohll\'(',

problem. I

I'<,,,'l'(l

Tilt: JI(;_

the problem

I
(A.mGI
totl AND
WJNGNVT

IW<OSAW
1((1'

(In II", h(,t(I.lock. I chi""I",1 out. mOl"

I.",' ," llll' ja\l or th. pip" ~lamp \\'oulrl
kf'PI' it Uf'riglll
Th .. 1"1> IIr th., hlI,tork and taiw.><:k
It-Ilfl te) lill t~i'k \, ht'll I h... pIpe rlOtml' i,.
ti\:htt.n.,d. on, C,'QJnl)ll'I.._~t.for this, p1an~;l
,tight tal.'r lin th~1t ran-., Then to pr<" i<l,
& non-~'p FUrl..... ~....... '"""'''''''''''
"",1- on
th~ f....
SQUARING

UP LEG BLANKS

\\ ,,",I tumml:

"'luano, to make u,., ""bnt,l Ie

In rJus wue (~'t:SoUrt.'t!'. page
!41 Tho"~h the) 're called turninl!

.'IU"

Inc

l"rtncln

('IImt:

rougb..rut. an(1

I'\:c rdf"ly "('nOJI" \\ Ilh '\\0 '"111(1" (90 )

fllct, t'\'I'r ttll "hlu'" knsnh The e-..a....."1et\t
wa)' tl. MIII,ire IUlt' up is \\ Ith Il JI.mtcr But
it C~'I\t tt.ltll' tlh It t:t),It.' :-.<l\\:
\VOODSMI rH

'If, rnakt lhl'

1I1l.

,wll .f

,'U't'lf (,(

lit tWI 10 B ser 'I' I,r , . \(I('k.

'nitt llClUI.lll4 _1IOIJI a.'i IOflJ.!: H.<;'

II....t'ias(lnitt,

"'II h " "11(,(,1.1h"l~in!( JIg.

Th, j'g i" m.1k,',hin adaptation or
car\'(r'iI "cr;ttlh.' ." 1t (,(11l.t'if>t:t of 3 headstock
antllall,..ltlfk m:trlto rr.lm 3 couple piece- (I(
:h I and an "clJU'I"bl~ bed mad. from a
1"1" tI~ml" 'fIw-'''I'' <"'mp i, ""kllil!hl in
a nt:lC'hlfli,:;t'l'\ \ L~' l" kt'tp it (rom swivelUll". f()r it ca'i 1M hold in an~'vise if it',ti
"""cI",<""'1 bi'l ween a ,,,,,,pi,, \:b~k,,'
'Ii. 'lll<k,' tho h;,acl"",1 tailstocks he",n b~
('Uttin~a:!, I iJlto l\\~I}\ -lone pieces. !\[~t
I.. "". hl~" rur the '''P'' clamp I _ !rom 000
end Tben lAl make the ~t,....
}u. f>.l,';l('r til
work .In.unft. vut a cun'foil ~lif)n rtf)'" tht
back t,( tlll(lh 11It'4't',
Te ktff'll t hto tttil.l'llfx:k (n.,n ",",'J\ (JIII..
tUln()":t\\' It ktrf 1u1.-\\.I,\ thr.,uJ.!h ,tu ;!x I
fht.'" (Irill Ii hul,' thnJu},:h tlu lel~' lui' U
t-a.mR~t'I)lllt un,,) \\'1I1g nut \(1., .. thll' Jl}.'; I
acljw.l(1) tI.l hellel lht, t"dl.n ,1(. at " ttJ.:hll II
tht, Yo UI).!'nul ttl t'lnmll th~ Utl~lfJr'k11~rht
l<I'UtI,.1 tl,,' P'I'"

()11('\ OgHlOmakt the eut In increments,

'''I.ulTthc" a..<1,', an<l plane il Ilat , At this
,1o"lntt""J ,,( the tturfa('t"."1 (A anti B) ;-;hooi(l

Tllt'

"It.....

lh(' tUn'llllj.! lWIWlJ'l'.but. nut (jUlte u.: wide,

.>\_ft .. r

I}U_Jill

I If"; \1, r.. 110 It un

lht, turnn ~ luaft" n l ,

d
the J~ bnd '" k II "'Il
tit 4 4
iOlu ~h<
N
TlKk t
c""",.
.... l
"'" can

"'h

'II

(1)rt'M."rof
II<'nIp

de

b. cut

IT

.. "rn the

I rur.
..,........,........,---,

cu t

'.0 10

I~ (" II an(1 "fuaJ, t!f(f) to 000 anoth.,:!:

It U~l(lldt (4)..hk tht'm with a sqU3'"

,-

tl(!( ,rr }.'IIIng

lltlKI. c'

f,t.(.

'100
A'IO'"
MASOH"!
""",'fORM

~{>xt 1 fOUO\\'lodf( ~ ...

(,ur cut .,; until the four ~((t(~

lilt, .'H~l('II

'Iu,'nrt'

\\f"re!tlt

(If

t()

lIllt' allCltlwr

Ti' make thl' fin-t

<uI, 1,1.... t h, jil! ,Old IW'tIin!l:"'IUaJ\.' .. o lhe

",1010,,",,, \\uhth'JII(.~,.in'l
Ih.rip r.."....
~"CSttp 1

0"

rul~rUrltl('r,

( '1'" 'lluk," the rinal t wo

cuts, tln' JI': \\'UI', 1)(,'1"t'(It."(I. lust scotthe
ril' r"o<'"r.. r lilt' Ii","h,-" \\ idth, Then plfl('~
th~
fll", <'til (.\ 18,1(11",,.1 th~ rpn~ and
the M'",,,,d fr"," f II) "" ....0 on the lable and
.ullh~ Ihlrd .urfa",' (c). ,e;, Stc,,:I,
THt,1- I' \I.ll'
~'jnJ,II~:
,hln', than~pthtl
rill f('ll~'~'nnel (ut t I,t- );tt-l :"ur{ac.'t..(U, \\;th
tht lhlnt (a,,,' clc)\\". St.'t" 5:tcl' -I.

n"",

A C~lAN-CUT

IANDSAW

:\ 0"
t h, r......."'. the blatl.. ,nn make
a. ('1\ n rut along tht nllno f1~jtt~(at."t>

\\1>.n

(AI ..f th~ tummg ""uan-, Th-n cut thi,

rac,' in tll,'r"fl1,'n\!\. rai:--inJ,! the blatt'
,1i';'11)' an., ..
I""'>'

help the 1"""'2!S ~O 1110'" "nolJthl,lo:

f'iM, !<tart ,ulh a >harj., nf''' b1arl. ,.\

""'h

1", \, t; 1)(_" , \\ \."'Tt. A

't,

l.J blatl ...caJl'l 1"

cut nU the \\'ay

)00'", ",...d\ to cut eabriO!~ Ie!(>'on 3

h.1.Nl~-:. ""UI'!' elf lhtn~ can be (IOlb" to

.. n !tul:tr-looth

bL"I..... ith

.L' teeth

,>fOr

,"!Irked tht bett {.tr lk-, \'\'e lJ'it...1 ..

hlllik l,M,th bl:lflt \\ It h (nllr tt'(.Othller lltch
111l'h

r:_\i"~fl high tn,)u)!h

thn.u~h u :1" thick lurninl! "4uar~, So 1 tIl ",H'"('(III(I I h,' "lit 11111t:l('t10n, but It left a
N'mtl\ ("'I' thl foICIUUn.'{_n,m lhi.!jig. ~nal'J)(_~1 rc)u~h fUII'(;lo,:I' ttl.tt hlUI \1' bl> (Iealt \\'ith
nIT thftc\\'a~t ..., aJltlllhill~fl (1(,\\n lht' estl'tt I"ttor
lill, It~ (>n~yto J)h.IMeliin<.'elh(lr{"~ a \nctp
\\'1'40'" tlu' tJlurllO j" rn')Ullt.ed. check lhe
nal ..urfU(!(' to I,lanlt lO.
tt.'I~UIU,!",ntf tlu_~UI'I"H..rblu(le guide hiL"to
1M.'n.i t.'lfl tlliitl lu_t:h (_.,.Vt-'(.'iall~' ,,htn ,,'ork
11l~."' ...,lflIltl ...ol nlru-,t ion t,hxk.,,-). the hla<I{-o
Li nlJt ttUP1...,f1,..1AS Inut'h a... u:--"Ual. To l'Om ..
...... (DOWN
pt r tt. W tllattl ltl)~IOn ~hC.ltll{J hi: ill
lXCUi Uf
"USH wRti
,.,.. ,I od ~"'II\-tu kc<'''lh~ hl"de euntn!(
CUf SUIJfACt
""'
ht
)1i.sv""D3.fld.ol.3,",ll h.a"t_> II l{'n.;;jtm tr.wg-....
"hl('ofi>< n>:ul~ JU, t an ""I",.""",l ... ",t
tlng :x.l the t.t'11.
.."111a liltle t.-ore.aterthan i...
indlCl",1 un tht> jrllUl!"_ 'fIw- id..a1 .... tling
I rod""",. high "!\lang" \\ hen it'. plud<"l.
Tilt, ,t:( "'OJ( I T ,\fh'r Ih. h" i>! I)~"""I
AL"". 8.< th, <ul' are m"d~ around th~
'Iff lh(' fi~1 (;1(',(A l. mf,unt Ihl..: ~1U;,.r.ttJ trtlf, ...illCln b)iJCk$. r.u......~ aJttl thE'n l.)uer Lh~
th., jj~"llh lhi ...nat I1lflc ,I"u, aR"diru.tlh\
hin'I. l(IIio,'to k~"r Ih~ I(ap bctWl'l'n th...
~tt\."4"\it(" t"11i os;r.lln tllrk lhnJullh~
J 1 fC\lirlf' :,nd th(' \\'.rkl)il~'t' ;~ ~ma)t OS pos.
""1(', Then "dJu.l thl' nJl r"l1"" In cuI the .,blr-, Thb will imllnl\'P hnlh thp 'Iualily
n~':\l "tu"fUt't(Jil .... ~t('I'
~,
"11<1""rN)' or II... <ut

,I

19

Finishing: Varnish__

A DURABLE SURFACEWITH A IRADITIONAL LOOK

--

.k

I,,,,,k'It lh,'

It llll)l .. in

Ilfht thrs '""-

I '

L (.tr

QU~I'I\Anne

....

hls issue and

unless tung oil has been added

(and usually iI'S not - linseed
alkyd or soyu Illkyd ls much more
cummon), AJk~!d varnishe are
the least expensiv ... IIr the .ynthetie varnishes and are best fOI'
projects that will 00 kept inside
and not ...""ivu a lot or abuse.

....

th(' perfect

llt~'Jl. tr.tdil irIDal,

forrOdl li'llr;h . .1\ firlj~h that
.11 JI.I 'fllJlpJemeJlt its stately
,I ':n 1Ul,1 ho\\ off the beauty "f
Ih. " ..Inut, but .1111 offer PI'<>I cliun ami durabilit.l: A clear
1. ,.nlish would du the job,
we've "eutl)' walked around
11

th, wbole ,;object of varnish in

p t i:oo...~U.!'>
\\I(,oo/t"r;th. Varnl h h;41 .. nIIL(}riousl). long drying

or

\lltlt'

thrlt nltU\\'6 a wet

PHENOLIC RESIN

Var n is hes s o ld at- "s p ar;"

"marine," or "exterior" finishes

usually contain 8 pltr"lI/i< re.ill,

l-;;:i---

But manufncturer

may

1lS('

the

word ,j:'l)ar" ror any clear~xt("rior

cc}al L~)

\'lJIlt:~t ,Just. and it's hard Lt, appl~'

finish. For example }lin\va.x sells

'\llltloullea\;nS! brush marks. So

a produet they call "Helmsman

Spar Urethane." It contain. a
polyurethane resin and an a1k~'d

Cln Il'I)l\l llrt)jeets

we've reeom-

Pl"IMli ...I"il

or all oil,,\laJ11i:-.h comIHtu,ll()n Olb- are easy to rub In

"lIh a rag uno they penetrate so

res-ill, but no phenolie resins,

Phenolic resin varnishes are

more moisture resistant than

problem.
nil' oil. and oll'varnish CUOl
'.tuoatIQn!o- I~a"e a smooth. tlu11
.1,1:-,.1I~n'l a

alkyd. And additional chemieal.<

(UVA's-

ultraviolet absorbers)
\(I the resin to abs<lrb d8rna~~ng ultraviolet 1"9)'S.
If enough tung oil has been
added 10 the phenolic resin it
turns soft and tlexible - perfect
rur )tn l.uLdoor finish. Extreme changes in
hll"'ltJ.ty (tron/rain) will cause wood to
"111 atl,1 shrink. So a finish that isn't
ct. "bI., would quickly crack,

.,tl', finL"1hand arc ~rp~\t for

can be added

('iljI,\lal.eontcmporar;
rleilisrns.
llut nil", "Itln't provide the Cit:pt..]l.
ur(utt protection. anti formal
lcJo(lk !lr a varnish finish.
OLDlIME VARNISHES

In IIu: Ulth antl19th centuries a pcrf""Uy

moot", hilthgtoss flnish on a piece or furntture y.a....a sipn of quality workmanship
,,"ly the rich could :lIrol'd it. The cabitlt-t 11\;lk4!r'~MUP \\'US til1<:o \\ ith a variety
.Ir In~l"t~riou~ ttIJt"Y'(" resins and gum.",

rall'~l.'(1 from insaets, plants, anfl Slraflj!'

11',1(.

nlil/"oflug up out. of th(' gJ'Oun<l.

varnishes h.t\,! l\\l. IMI I ,.

non-volatile part ttl,, ,.1j.1 .,lli
part (a liquid solvr-ru 11th '" ,
its), The solid. an' Ih . I III I IT 11
1\11

ll\f ( fllel tlnl(' fini~hC$ \\'en.- Iwaut;rul.

an(1oils) that is left t~nIllt III r.., ftr

solvent evuporates
fht i l\i' ,
PUIl'OSt>i::- to carlj ,hi' Iltcl t th
fat'e, it clf}P.~n't. off.or .tl')' um
1',""l'ClIO

Them~t

im}l()I'l.lnt Itar1

Ilf tl,

I I

but h d hurt h,,1( Ih'o. and wert' dim(:\llt

tn.II.I.\' A,"I !hey woukln'( stan,l up to th"
Ibtl
t 111t'(1.t"Ct Ilf lnd;\)":!'t finish(l$
1 18\:' \
}'t.~
a~tlifTercnl. Thp\,'l't!

the !'e.s;in. ~t06l or LtMJrt\' ,,.rnL I.,

mac1! f-n)m thref' t'lugh #II,/A,.,
'uHli
Inatlc) l"Chln... - :t1k:-',llf'rtlllt'Il'C't"tt
\1
kid), phenolio (p"''''.ulI....
,1 n NUl ." 'r

funn t'ncIJI1'5 t'f,mbinalions or ~!IJ'

II. III' In .,, m,ult') fl..in.<ii. oiL......pigments
Iwl I\.,t
I n(Jrtllru,tel, there L'ffi'La
('(.Illlllnnl,f"\ 111,t "III nlakE.' Ii uni\'er.:ial
\lIrnl h IK r(",
'tIl I'\"'ry projE'Ct. if a.
Ie 1.emlll ((I ",lI tht'n- i~.
~'OUcan hf'

polyurethano.

0"'"

hUl(t,

1'\:1'

t.il1eotl

r('Adlh'

lul~.'L~(In \1U"ni$h

,.f,')Ii

ALKYD RfSIN

.l\n)' \furnish that'$ ~fJlflU:..I t:tlltullrll

1
base \'arnj$h" is prob:lhl~' "1.,(11 (nln1 ",r,
a'4'yJ res"" A c.'h~nliCCll ro(111ultalilln elf

ai(.'OhCJI\\;th

~'U'fl":

c,""n~al)C1rel\ln,1 tilt \ t
1\,ll.r'JI in Ch(Kl$.IlK ltll' ".rlt'('t ',iI''' I1 fur
J-'t'lfit.' )tlh.

an acid

procIUC'l':-' ltll

POLYURETHANE RESIN

J tit'S(! 'laturdl re~in$ \\'CTc lKl\\'(ll'J'("(1 ~ll\d since it e\~sponlt(s.

t tk.1 ,11!l..~.I\'eci
in an alcoh(ll l'\Ol"enl di~
The tifllOunl of ~IIHJ~ u,,,1 1\t nl ,.rll
from
one \'~tmi~h t'l allt.th. I A
Illh'll (r"m "in~ and bnllldy to make a
,lint \'Hnti/"oh. Or lhe~' \\{.'re l"f)mbineci
lhat'$lil"ted a....h3\'I"~';''': (Ilk! \\
\\ llh " I ,.tural oil to make a fix{odnil \'91' a l,,'Oatt\\1Ce a$ thltk a.;;; e"1t '\ lIt,
II II .'..nt"h lUll> hati its own ~r~l
<.'onl- the tisnle prutt.'\:tic1n e:1" IN' 01...."10'"
natlfllt l" ,.htain at$- '--perfE't't'" fini:th.
npI>lying half "" ,""II~'......
t

ur't. I" Ihl en" tIl'

t..)n

the-tie re'!o-;n.

Alk)rd vanush(.'i> un> fail'l,) ntx ,1,14.. uti

Ilunlblt: bUl dOll't !'ita-no UIJ to I'llOj..tun

)',"~~

Devine, National Sales Man"l(~r

~ r If lwhlen and Bros., calls ""II/II,.e

LIt Inl' , 'lUlt \'Amish "the new btJYon the
I.... k tht I,,"~ b(,en ."uboc,,1 b," ..,riOU"
.. ",.1\\ IIrkers ror years." But he fecl~ thi,
nIL til'I. ;. ul1de.'ITed.
IJ, '1n\' (1.xplains thal pol~'urClhrule
il h:t\tt ~rne excellent chard(temtics.
1'"lyun thanes are soOletime. mistakenly
IN;'!''it "urethane~. 1hle urethanes
w't..
lw
."not~}!'>'\.eJllS. Jlot t"Omt)lon1)' n\'ailllbl~
l l"!lll!!lUMi'N.)

11.

"")I' 1101yurelhane:;are

"extn>mely
ffuntblt'9 hll\'e \'~~ very hi~h glo&i, unci
IUKI> j:1.. , ",tention. They dOIl'\ yellow ~
oo'lll'''~1lUUl)' other varnh!hcs and"" they
t, nol mailltain their look much longer.
elr lh,' a\'('l'"ilge '\'ood\\,ork<"l: tJ'le),'re (>'L~)'
tl. blll"\'"
\ 1'1. \~"Jt'~'()!<tof th('- lJrob1eJru. a..,<;oei
Ul<.j with IlOlyuret;hane are C'du.~ by lhe
r.rt thaI il'~ a plastic ,...,,:in.Some "e"pl
tlun'l hk~ iL<high glll$S "plastir" look. But
lh .l\( rnore of an aesthetic concE't'Il. nlld
th, ~I..", can be knocked down wilh some
IMMNI,It1d wool.

t.,

--~------------~---------------------\VOODSMlTII

-\ ("un' realistic concern it' that it 'to so

11
...,1, tUlI"h. ""d bnlll~ that it l<n', n~xibl, No mauer what may be said about the
UI11\'ort-al uses of polyuret hane , it
.h"ul<lllt 1><. used for ext -ior job,;.
Klt).Pk(')()f. Rut it~ltlughrws.. ... makes it
1l\'I1'PClfor other siunuions, ) once built
1'CJnlekid's furniture, After a number "t'
~'t.'~I~,,( :t.J.i1lt-dj.,....'nl.)e juice, CI'3),'on. !\ingic
~Iarkel: and general whaeking' with a varict.)' of blunt instruments (It'~'s). the 1)01)'.
urethllll! is st ill sUtnclin~ ~tl()llg.
MODIFICATIONS

"OU"~
'IUIJI"'I\'\Tlt)~~'rCJOItICll.lth,

(tl::;;inn.one resin can

bt,_. :-I(lcfl"fl LI.

\'1)'1

CONClUSION

In,.I,r,'

another; For example. ntfthllfl(_ Sat III

Polyurethn.I\(' enntains l)()l~tu,(tham- nlllli..
t1efl alkyd resin, (Thl' can lalH'" rl:.ft~
l)enhane ....hi.J!hcr 1k.rctl1t.a~{"f Vfll~..
urethane t.4)ii(l:,gl""",s you beuer perforrnanee." ~lut it cIOt'$Jl'lt~11 \\"hllt thut percentage is. a.I1('1
how it compares to Illhtl~.)
GLOSSYS. SATIN

S4. "h"l':-- llu' best varnish (or u projl!t'l?

on.. 1'r'fJhlt'm i:- thut th"~J1!is,.'l 111)(,I'r\~('t
f'i)'I,tJi'l
...
tion elf rt":"111~.{Ill!'..I)i"rnlent..." ~n,1
NJ'\"4'flt~ tt~tt can t...lilli, l'rAAll~'used on nll

Varnishes call be further modified b) addin'!:1pigrnf;"nl. u:-;uatl~':-.ilic;-t.The "bjt.-ct i:-.

tt. difTl1~ tht liJ.!ht f'I(~nt'clin$!off the sur-

flint ,li(fl~r~Jlt "il:-, rt:-in:-o..11jj.,'1Dellt~.anti

~(II\'enL
.. It. ml.'l't tlifft..nllt nl.'e(l~ chartl~
Itt'S:;', ~t.'1I0".iJlg. tluntbilit.\', Ul('~!'OtUrt' r'e-

Toda~":; vamisbes arid' made IIJl I.f theso

race and obtain a satin sheen,
three synthetie l"(~:si~, UUl 1t':- nl,t that
Thel'C are four problems with satin var:,imr11t- :;lnct) t hc)' urlo'n'l used t,.\, the-m
ni;-h('O"
s. First, thc~' have t() he> :-<ul"ecl :;0 thr
.~l\es, 'rh('~"n-mcw.lifi(-'(1.
1\'1(1 hu\\ th('~"r'l' pizment s ure uniformly
cli:o;tributed
modifled chlln~"" their characteristics,
throughout the varnish. But .lirrinl! an.l"
Itskincloflikccola.
Thel"f"stheba.....Jc('I,IH \arni. ..h can cl-e~.lteair bubbll".b that (,8U~
ta.,qe.butlhenlherc':;.thcNI.'\\'(ok(,('htl
l'J'l.t,It<O'U>",hl.llh4,) \',..mi::.h if, :,pplied.
ry Coke, CWt'sie ('()kt', I)CI)8i, ;"lltt I{.C'.
S-_"('Cln41. \\ htn ~illC:.1.
i:-. intnwlu(."(.<'fi.!'lome
An (!:\aIIlJ,l(', There If"n't a ~tmj)!l\t n~i).tl(t},, n~ltl
hu,sto heltn c,ut. Thi .. n'(rAn~.1
\'arni:;h a\'ailable on ..he m;Jrket J t':- f..at In \ .,n,ll, \\ or,'t 1)1,It." tlur.lhlt
al"'3)'S a rerin/,:)iI c..'Umbinnt.itln, }\"(I tht.
'I'tu...-I, .he II' J'J..t \'C'l"\ filU' 1'I ,Kl j
runount of r('~in in the varlli.~h mil-:ht 1M' ('CI111~'JI'ln.,"t It ,..I,lu,1 thl' f-tlrf.llCallli
\Iet'' small.
hl(lf'~ t hI tlr:'11l (If thl \\,t)OCl. "It"C.'a;tll~
l...\1iE'Lf:"(:.But hl'nl'~ "..her, tllen"!" Ii a(tl'! a (.''''' '''lUt
I>roblem. M""llltb<;I.<lonlil"':lkduwulh,
FIII,III}.lh'lhllku,
tofu " .. llIf .. ,lIu
:,pccifie am()llnL.<: of a rE's}nan(llhc :tmllunl!C
\ 'trill II ,fl' tc',rni.lot thl' J.!:h.att.~
.0011(ith,' nl,n
(.If oil ml(led to In()(lir~
.. the nlatt.~n;...1
tI1U'kll,
u",\uuly \'UTII'to(n.nl the lx1!inFor example, ~\can or bartOll var.,iJ;.l, I~ IUI'~ let tht'l'nri of ~Ibru",h lootrukc... Ullt tll~.:te
listed lLShtL"\'ing Inalil'i('~I)hpnulic 1'~."Illl:l1"t In("f,nl"ll'ol(IK.'l(1'I;ltll't bt~~n until it'~tin:
tlln, oil. 13ut the label dOt'sn't tlr"l"'.,k thj~
'rh{,J~are t\\"o solution~ if you \,'ant '8
tlo\vn to \\'hat peJ'('cntagt' i~
Ill\('ll()l'f rf.lSln stlin ftllish. f'ino;t. ont),use ai-alin valni.."I-h
lind wbal JlC.'I'(,(!ntagc
i$ lunt! oil. Anti lh,' a.~lhe Ia.,t <<>al. Apply. ('(Juple ,'(IBts <of
r~inJ()il ratio af1'E"C't~
thp Chllr:it'lt,n:-.tie!l; or gJus-<.tvami~h. san<1well, aJ10 the-n t\}.JpJ~3
u \!ami~h.
uniform ~lin lop coal.
f-;IIORTOll_.,.~,'S. l,O~(: ()JJ~.\~ounligbt
Anothersolutioll iq to use a glos~\'arnish
III''''' $I,me oldtime finkhe.", talk about
(or all !.hecoots. Then after it'$ dry. 'Ub it
"~hol't oiJ" anti "Inng (,il" varnish($. SJi(}ri
";th sl("(o) \\'001to knock dU\\TII th<-~he('n.
"'/ 'Yln';$h conuun 1<;$!.han IOp:nllonsof
",I per 100 pound. "f ....
.!lin. They build up
r....t. have a high glo,,",. and ;~ ha.~I. To,I;o\"< "hllrtop" and "rubbing" varnishes faU
\,,1) thhi catcgoJ1.~
E\'ery filll!ihin){ OOc)k en' t.u-ticle !'\'e e\'e1'
/.oJ/iT o;/I"(lr"rJ<i/le~ C'(~ntahl mur.t tllan 2.5
read Slre>;.'Ie.' th~ importanee of ".inp: a
""lIq", of oil per lOO]louncl."fr in. Sincc high qua1it~brush. By "high quality" lh~
il) IIftd!f. n(>xibllil)', "S.pal' \'arni::lll("~ are
author usually means a nalum! bristl~
something in lhe rnnge of $10-$2".
" u.,)I,Yh1"~ oil \'ami~11C$.
F'inish~r.
al'gIle about the value of difT,r
('III~ 11'[",." ('xpensi\'e than J"esin, $0 ro'U1Uen1 natural bri.<ll., eCrum Chin~~e hn~ til
~ ,tUfO" "ill onen in<'lca..",lht oil to re.in
r tki Ullh 14 ('h~a,*r oil to prO(lllc:-e- n. les..... civet C41l 01' even camel h'lir
\vhich
loll(
1\"
i"'CMtU{lt,
doesn't c\'en (,."Olne (rom n camel. but u'nln
"I "" The I},,,, of oil added to !.he tho lIIil of RU&iian~quit'1'el$l.
" II" III Ill"" .tfff'ct the c:hat"'.lctf.*ri~tic~. Barry OPllenncim of the ~lcCI ..sk~~
lun
, tt~
.. t.IU~h{o,"land most m()i$tuJ~ COrpo.....lion $)". "Th"re'~ a rult th.r.
I.ut It'l' th(~ mo~t ex~n$i\c. de\'elopeC'1 o\'er ~eleclin~ the torrt."t'l
oil t, l. I" 16' m~re lh311 lin- bnL,h. 1 think decent qU3lily ul'IJ,h I>
fine. Itd"",,.n'l have to b<;!.hebe>l th, sto'"
'\' t "r
~ 011, ,rui.! "'Mllufattul'el'$ \\'i1l
clin import from ChiJ4~."
tIM I \
rnall 1)(rc "nl I4!(' fir Lun$!oil ror
tfJ'It-!hru
Ultd II\lll tllrt rt::-.l!:'tance and
I !l" a .tep iurther - and thi' flit'" in II"
fat!<> of tradition. I uS(! choal' 1",lyfuam
ttl"" ",1(11111 'C I Cit 1\11 "II
'I'hl. ,rl.4' "'It b. I,ll Utll, thl,Ugh, :o:UlC.(' brush (or nppb'in~ '''.II'I1i,h. Th~
,Ill,
tl\(M.' clth"r "il ellI t"I\'
tITUIiulv,mtal.'lt&
t..ages: nQ b~h mark. ... mInimal il' tJUDl.in~"'l"I'l rul )cII,,\\
&.h.~11
t\.,lg oil .llltl
ble:.. and a :tmfJClth. ('\'('11 ,,'Oal.
~.\U flil yt~IIIJ\\ "\' f1 It
J\,.wlliluut_'fll.il
BUl thaI'. nol all, thpy'rp c1ll't.1' alld
can ~rt{'n fc I"(O:-In
If It'If; 1,", I'.lnl
Cflmrll(''_~l)'"lisJ)(,.~bll. If I \\"t'rt' to'SlK'n(1

J.l"'IJt...\!'I.

H..rr~ CJIJIM:nh('in1, ~rl~'hnilitlUiJ'EtctOl'

fur the ~If.o(
I.l)'ikt!~'t' ""Mlntli~,'" Nl~~lhl~t
th(11t't11ll'fttl ""iJ..'1luf a c...tatinj! in\'ol\'l',,_the
art uf tumIJ",nll~" .. ~1anUrn~1;urer~com-

sistance, ehemicnl rt~i:'tntl('t, sheen).

If you're ~hnpI>inl!'fer varnish. ht tiUtct.tl
know w hat. you \\'U,'1. it tt, du and thou 1U(lk
at thc in~I't.-'diellt~. Xamc:- like "spar;"
"rubbin)!:." "heirloom cabinet." "bartop."
and "l,ancl-I'ubb(!cl :-:~llin" In:I)' bt' jtl~t
catch~' names U~(.''()lu sell In''()(tuct~ hut
tl011't nec.-e=--"aril)' illClicatf' \\'hal'~ in tht"
\'a!ni...
h.
A JliCi.'e of furniture lhut ':;.not likel)' to
Ikl much ahuSf' htll JIPN1:; tI c-Ipru' (,tnn)'tlllI\\in~1 rubl>M finish (.'Oulll be finish(.l(l
\\ ith" Ill'Sl, ..1 1ft S<).\Ualky(J r~in \'ami":)l,
Ifthl\anli:-h ......
t(Jt~alll'lit.>(lloafll"flj@'Ct
th,11 "1111", "Ut'I<I.,. it .hlluld 00 Il.xible
"nd Inelll(lt :t flh(>J}tllitI'(\.)'oi'l, lung 1)i1. ani)
u)trnvif.l~t llu.,;;oroono..
Durnbl( inlt'riclr UI)lllu.',aUI)JI:-' (ltru1.4IJJ.!-".
kitchen lable~' 'ShlJuJd il1t"lutlt!" cithl'r a
polyurethane
resin or pllCrloij(. n!~in HOI!
l~rhaJ'slUnsr oil.
Finally. don't lw afJ1lid tu eXll"lintcnl.
B)' rni2';in)! t'('mbir'tltioll~ ur COfunlC;."'t'i,,1
\'urni$h~:-;..oil!) (lurl~ nll(1 linseed). allrl
~ol\'cnt~, ~fnu Itligill (,.~me ttJl \\tlth it luixttIr<! th~t Ita., ju.t lhe .ppear~nl"'. PI""
l(:Clit)ll.and CiL."O of apl)lie:ltion you 11("('(1.

~---------------------------------I
BRUSHES
or
1-.7
U;;

fioam

b".u,.u,

l\"

'\'

.If"

WOODSMITIi

brist

$211 for. nalurol bri.,tle bn h. J'd wanttn

mak...l'lur~I \\'u,..;. gnin~ to gl:t n1)' mf')nc~':o.
worth, _~nrlth( (In I,}' \\'3)'. to (10 that ig to
th"~l$..rhly clean it ~ln.(!J'every use (\\ith a
J5.0J\,ents).
Pol~ffl'inllll"U!')I{:-!OCCl!-o"t 39t! to 79\! anti c:ru\
be thru\\11 'l\\'~l)after each l'03l. F'Qit~
fall 'If cs,Jlen...;iv('

,I"p',,,,,hh I".lyfoam bru.he. " ..uld <'QUIt!

abo,ut on.. qu"lit~ natural b.istlc bl'lJ"h.
IA.ull'd h:ahlo
wh;;l that bru~h would
I..ok Iik., after r~rty81Iplkativn,d(::mill)!
.,1 N"ICJU,
.....111our :;.hup.)
~f""only lind two prohlem. with 1",ly.

"*

io

NI brtl~h{~:

Jo"il''t. the)"'l'e mit lh\.' bl';.:.l

It,r:4J)il'l4lll'':'t or moldinp, A ~)C)I),'foambru::;h

:t~lrh."I.too muc-h vru'li~h :tl1c1(tE'fl"iL.;. it
tll';\\'II\' Itllt! c,,'r('\;ce-:o;.
J\IKi st"t'f)nd. (Xllyfoum br1tshe$.~h()ul(ln't
ho u.-<Iwith lacquer or ,hell ~in th"
,ol\'cn", in the>e will di"",,lv~ lh~ foam.
Thl'f ....great fol' vIUni,h"". ju><tdu,,\ usc
lhem \\;th an~' fini:;h t h;.l u~s lat'(IUt~r
thinner HS a :$Ol\'Cllt.

21

'\

App!ying Varnt_s_h__

HOW TO GET THE FINISH YOU WANT

I1g lIlt.." l't,rrl"l1. varnish lUI' a
vv I' :!Ill. lhE' real work be-

rn h

the

I';

1110:;t

difficult clear

II '1111.,'11" It rufl.s, saJ.,~. (,(Jllet\.~(tU$l.

l ,\\ 1m, h I"~rk."l..l\lld i~

difficult to reI
Ilu\. ~Irll(t imes - \vh~n YhU "8111. a
,nil I!. Ij. "t' fil.i~h
- it'$ tl\: best cheiee.
uld \'lIlI have to work with the problem.

f'

across the rim uf a dish or can. ThE' rim

builds up with hardened vurnish and the
..\(ler fillin)! ur- l\t;.llnlll~.th.. IIeAt 1('i' Itl brush carries this crud to the workpiece.
1'-e~tlin)!'with ,I \I, J~11I "at I)r thl'lU I varubh
~"lIiKISC;' ()ne ol.hC'r thing before brush'Ir3\'anu,~h:-aJ~1Irtg
I( 111 1 r wlll ing. D",,'J stir or shake gl()~.:;varnish. It,Ir;' 'Iuickly ru.1 k.-<"
tOI' """I (rom
adrl$ air bubbles. (Salin varnish should be
pent'trdlltl).! into lh. \\O(MI
I
-urred very ~IQ\\~I)'~(ore and (luring US4:
Nvt..:S.tnfJi'~Jr{ '.,Ic- ("t)t,III"1 In
II) uniformly (Iistrihut~tht :-;ilic.tt',
SEAl'NG

~'all\ IIf \h,~problems associated with all-

problem

1,1~lnJ.!vurnish \.':,n be ('lirninatl.'(J b)' con(,...11In).!th(' ~tu~l noaling in th( air. Anti in

b)'

f""

Nil",.

thut'::, ,l c.'tuuleo,h"l'.
""~."\"', Tiff; IttIOM. lnstead,

tind 'UI
"'rll)t~'I'UfJnlthat tlhe~'l'lhSt\'{' a Int u(ll'nf

n,,

Ii<
day before \'srni.hin~. dust tho
.-ontarl'room, ml'f} tho Ooor. ~u)(1then let. {toy
flu t ~.'ltJ(.WtU (It,\\n o\'(.r,\i~thl.
11 '"'UUTI K~. A cold ~1'lIf(CQIbaseuu-nt j",n't the best place to varnish - tl\~
\ltm1.~hnUt~'never (In: Nc.ilher i~
..
I hot
Jr.lr:t~\orl ;l~urnlne.rrut;, - it dric:o. loo fast
It'l4\ UI~ht"UShmark~. 'rhe be~tl"Oliltitio"~
111 lJ""u\. ~\
(.~nty to t'id1t~
cleJ.,"Tee:o'\\;th
",,' ...I.,li' c humiclit),
111:111y.dun' .. bl;ng n Ilnljt"Cl ii.lm;1 cocil

\\11,""111\. (iUI \\h

san(lill~ 'hI.! IlIfllll~

) 4.
k lu t

I .1 t
f

1.

wiped ufr 1"'(1)1'"1' \ nl' h , st II!COl''lI'

,all(lin~ """kr. 1 II 1111\ II , ~ II
coat u( varnish u, ,ah r
'fHI"'~I~(;,J u!WOfll., ,1,.,. th

make Ih. wu-,h

11111II.

"",I

r.t'alliux

:tnrl ~'(IU "';\nt

ttl

thlll 11 ft)r hltr

t"

(dl'sil1'rll't'n"'nt.a~,
2.,', 41
Dj"io(' 191)~'2.~,tUt) t lu~r ull
7l)~'; nf a 'Iuarl
fl1lU'~
11r11
tlu:lrt of the vanu:-;11

.,f

.'.1

,rutln', In \\'tKi(I ..."t,IJ, Nn. as). Make ~tlJ"(>

\ Ill. ....:R..;''T \I~IK('\.f~
Ikt\~'1f (r
1llt~.8 n(1 ell) (it"'f)1Ufin,-z;t..rtJnnl. ...). \'ax. or
1-1,Behlen and
lukl Ii ,11".1I It I
11111(m tht ...urface. 1 \\;pe th~ ~nlll'~ ~W"
"rot\ch l.) thinnln~.II. lurt ~ th.
l
(I.
\Io'th 1"'IJblh;t befol"e \t~trni$hing.
co,'lthat'~ on)~' thill", ...t IIl""'lt t If.: I'
tlt:\1 .:". (;1(.,\1'. I( I'm fillin,:! th(lol'H'lrf'$ n'\ukp:o; $pn$E- \\ht'n .t'.ltll~
1)\1 r
,.,'
.,f .tl ",.",grain~i \\'ood \\'jth :t colnrerl \"here therc's thi' f('.l1"e.f c: Ittlll th,ou h.

Jl",~

I \ If'

'I

\\1.. ",1iilh'r(~

II'"

I nl h n ".,'''',

\\iHJd.xI,titlt No. ;~9)(,rl\~OOfI}fII,i'J, No. -JUl. I

tltill (~

,."t of thinned

"Q,"i.h Ionall

'))1 ,1llt KI',I II tHj',1i fillingor~1.aininj:!.1'hi$

k~11i't t hl""110U. l'Ilt')Jll1un fronl ab$(Jl'bj)l~
t tit (oAt I Ilf ,I..., ilt~lin or fill4d u,o<1tUJ"lting

100 ,I lite (lll 1hr.

1

lit ",I.

t4,.t~lable

ShO\\l1 ill

"r 1m, table

thi~

101' an<l tlw

the \'ftrni~h "'hil" l"J.ul(b'l}: lK'l\\ f n

t
D(>\illt!' :.:.(l)"!,,. ") lhtll In> fi"'t
\ ,
lhan an)' I want I.. huil.I'I"" kl) hnd I" nd
lhe mO:o'l time sanfilnj{ lh, (I t ('~...t It. I
j!el clo:;.er tn th\~ (jhJ~hlll~ ('ClRtI 11..1,1a Ilftl
bit mUl'e thilll1cr tt, )CI'1"I"'ller 0.,\\ 'Jilt
BRUSHING ON

1 ~ ( Iliff' t h(-O_)o"N'
In~tl~1
cnd ga-rulll
l.'1\1 n i ... "'t'(l.;,t (Iflhinn(.od \tlmj~h
1N.f'lr t.. In~ rlll'",l. l14't' fitt. t.
, 'I t til' 'f '1'
~t,t.nllply the p8:$te

..\net'thi> \'amit-h it;. thlnn''flltl

tl,( ,1. I"'"
cOI1i1ilrit(;'nc~::ttr.iin J,(Jo:I 1/",t'l' Nt (i, ,I (11r
one ('0I1l lht'ou$!h u 1)O.I111l lM.llllt'r 111 (Ikl
Il~'lont'.tflCkinjljnto 3 \\u!, ('ICOiI" .Iul) 1\1.. 1

(j\(~ I , .. :!) f.r :-.lain. ,\;pe off

U'l"',nlllllt:to tht lJ'f',ct.KH~",artlllhcn allo\\'
t ht'l,n)I('I{1. I".If) ,,\ tnll~ht. I(u~n~ fJ3Ste

thell "'ork nut of the: ('i~h

Ne\'cl' brl.lsh 1\ll".:li!!hl(rorn

" .....1 011. t: IIJ(hll~",,,"I . ",01 ';~hl ""fore

\artll 'IIUjr,! \\1, .. It \'1(1,;a '''t'k r.-tj.!.

du>t on the wood will

,'IIIill"

.t'n

\\'.MI Illh'r

lIRl'SHI:NGT(,I'SI"~\-.~.
Now the varnish
rt;ttl)' to be brushed un. Most old-time

finitJit~~ brush on a heavy coat with the

it inacross the ,Rl"aiJt. anti then
"'11)' (Iff' with the grain.
Till, bru,hin!!, pattern probublv jroes
....lk to the days when the r'~in:;. were
".tllrul IIn(1lhc solvent waspure tur 1t{1I... Th~.)' dried slowly and there w as
tlln. t,.\\orkCJut brush marks. [{ullO(la~":o>
I ,h, lic 1"'t-"'1'lf\.ro and mineral spirits fir)'
1III kl\
lhe~' should be applied onlv
lit tI,.. qf'f"1 lt:-;:iJll!a ch(.'Ckerboani pat(. I"
\ ill t'..."........
..rnlill brush m-ruk.~.
I prl' C)1'lu'nhti,n of lhe ~'let~I,)ske)-f
(I."N
I I on 1IU_)'j\ "r("O~dc ine.xperien<:ed
\\ II \ an h Ilk. llll,,'lRh u tot. TI\e~' bna~h
'_or.UI1.
work

that lhi~ makes ., \11') 11.(1. r, lit

(lc~ndinJ!' on wh.u \urlU II I taft"
the varnish ha....')nl\ ;,!"
III tl, I.
fl(, SO rOOUC''-t-II 1.1.IMI It I
I I All
othe}' \'arni~h th.tt';.Il':
I ttl t Irtf
50150 J"C'(ltlce~ il tIl ;,e.,
h I
~\F()R'ltl ..\ SII "hUl'
tht b. t I
cent.1J!eo( ~'i(l:-;. fur p" h
t I lh
about :t'r wli{l~ (l.r (t \\ ()t I 1
lutrd\\tXKl!-. To cl"lt'frlll!
It ( 'Ill
ll;l~'rllt'lll Into n \\'ru"fll rt.)tllll rolfi inllnt"(li
SOlVe-Ill JIWlll,tl ttl 1,1., In tht CU
.It-I.y ,'umu"h 1t. The~lir jn eucb (Irtbe. \\'(>0(1 centage. }oo-ubtnl('t tllt' ,I, '1'1.1, n
,,n. 11111"'!land and b(> "el~a~"'1 inlo the rNJlll th4! pt'reer'l.I'- .... (Ir too )t t
~,t\'arnl:-,hC)'eating a million liltl,~ .Jub- \4tmi~ll. Then 11.\ 1.1, ,I.. n II
1.1t.. fill lh(.~Sllrface.
,1(.-s-il'(>(l
I*r .....nt~~\
WOOD SURFACE
ror e,ampl~. if u \' 1m' ilm 44
'1h. 'Iu.llty ufthe Cil\al6ni~h"'ill Ix- only :.'
~'I(.I lUi lhl! :-uriace of till" ,\'()()(1, Be illlrt>
II' n.lt, ~oolh.
n~d an~t t"X(.'Cs..~gille i.'\
r l',nll\ ",1 (~t"~:--trticleon :;.urfult_> pr('Jr-

,I..

ate. :i lubl'lcanl
".")
\
ciaJJ~'l)(.I)'un.tt"tl)4. ~\C)flt

ROOM CONDITIONS

ur \

(j {"fin
Ill"ni~h(e\'eJt tl1V(ull.:;Lrvncth l"O;\t~)"irK"\_'lln~'

,"'I ba, k inl.. t h. "''"

an(lt."ontaminateit.Alldnl'\I.r\vilM.:ll,ru.

..h

"I

rtf ~ ...,

,",1 llu'" th.,\ (,-.~

brush 3Jld

t 11th, ~ 1.nl-ili U~'ln.

\\ th t \ i r) Ilft,!I.!I. th. hru!th th()~t:

,.r

ri tl

nf't

UII' lillig

.,lr \nt', thi: film. Sol-

II(.ntIlIJl nl)tl thf" \'i"-CQ$il~'i$

;It ",L.. :\:-.thc \is~il.V
l 1111)1-.:, It mort' ant( more riiffi
II f , tho lou"IoI, In reI"",.,. We r.fe,. t.)
l. til! ""II k.nJ! It h.. rd.
'LAN OF ArrACK

t \

n.... 1 tI NT"

It f n. tIl I hlilg. it't'- u good ict(la to pittn

II "I'Prt
th ()n the ::;ide table. I fin'.t'hecl
ttl

lllp ulul h1f'(lrawer Unit." $eparatel~

I tit 10f. rt'cpjved fOur COt*ltot vf full

tr. 1I~1tlBl'hlcn'$ 1--Rollr Rubbing V:lrII QI1 t.nl' e.f the \\"a.~hcoat. The leW'
rt'ttI\I ...1 ii\.. thinne() (50.50) coaL.. of the
Ilc hI. n', \'amish. (Thotlgh fi\'e thinl1ed
l"lI\Il.hi 21,~ fullstrellgt_h ...
~ll:,. ttl!
t(II' "(!'('Ift", mort' protection than th<- le~)
11,C'lhuanl'd cml!sse;,med 10 now beller on
ttl, tll1"\'e<1 ~Ut'raC(_~and liicln't rluild UIJ ii'
tl).:ht \."C,mer::..(Note: I nnishet'l the entire
("ot,l lAl(lI ,,ith Ii\'f,t thinnvd c<,at~.)
1\ttl.": 'n)P.. 01\ tilt> tOI', filli:-h lhe under
.,d, first. (I al"<ay> l,ul lh" :<arne number
"f t"~:tL'"on both sides even iIthe undc.n;.ide
", 'I'l be .seen. It hel~ VI"t.i\CIll\"at'l' b~'
J1Uu.ntainUllt a balanc(.--d I)anel.)
1.1::(;VI(,\\\It l-~I't On the teS!/dr~'\fer
Uilil. "'ork from the top ~ctions
du\\'n .
T'hi... k(_"'(.1~
an~' w'UJ'r.'
\'amish "'um
II

.t.

(Jr

'l"u-

t,Jifl~rlo\\ no" 8 finishe<1surface.

I.ooK FOR PR08',t;"~, While brushing.
chl"Ck fQr 1>I'Oblelnt-such a.... run!'>. hai)';,.

--~------------------~----------~------------WOODSM'TH

I" h marks, :k11(1missed spots ("holirl) ,"I wuh a trouble light, see Fig. -I.
tl'
$~\t:s.Runs and sag:-. can SOn1('
tl,nt)~ be rubbed nat wit h some mineral
spirits on the enn of a fin~N.but only if the
run i~
still wei, see Fig, n. If n run st art,...tc
-ei. allow it to dry completely and Ilwn
serape it nat "it h a cabinet scrapee
nl-STt:~mR.:l.L.'.Even though l siart by
creating a rair).)!rlust(lW environment. it
nevel' fail,,- 1just finish pUlling on.
of varnish anti the fort'Cdair furnace kicks
on and dust comes O)ing nut every he3tint!
vent, So after J apply. coat. I very gent ly
~UPP(".t :l dust umbrella a coupl. inch."
above the surface . c. Fig. 5.

':-0.

co."

BETWEEN COATS

After each coat of varnish hae- dried

thoroughly (usually overnight). move the
project out of the dustfree area and ", in d
the nat surfaces with 2:.>()2S(I p:rit sandr.. per and a block.
If the varnish gums up in little balls
while sanding. it', not completely dry.
Even if it'. dry, it', normal for some clog
).,ringor flaking t(1 occur when sanding.
When Ihis happens, I fleck the cloj.'ge(1
Oakes offthe ",mdrape,' with a pocketknife.
~'OJround surfaces such as moldings.
'I ,indies. ann the cab,iol. logs on the end
table, T U~ 000 steel wool. see rig. i.
, x ~X("EI'TIO.....For most vamishes,

all

lhi." sanding >hould take place alteJ' th.

'...-nil;h has dried o"ernight. But tht-re's an
t')(('eption- polyurethane. It's so hard and
"llOOth that a second coal rna)' not. slick
c.ru:,}the first coat i~compl&tel~'d~\ A
paration or peeling of layers can eccun
" ..dthis may not happen right .wa~ I
u "I IJOlyurethnne on kitchen table once
""II" 0 year< later my kid. found it was a
.!fl ,t "fter-dinner aerivity to slowlypeel it
flrt l: ver b)' Jayer.
A'. ':"ll'IVE \\'INI)()": !\tost

It's orum 8-12 hours after

'''~II...fi...t coat.

IIUl11111lJl
("(Iat~_

) Y.llAl (14) you

\I

1I',fl, II

.;(1:.;11"';.1'(,1 f'I (II'

(,(,tiltS/! '(JJJd 'UillC'NII X,11n/ ....IH'/{Jr~
stai"i"f1 Or' ut<i,l{lll(l,l;:ft "'f~.H1
[illrr; $1 fl(ilr#

g1T.'/I~ (IU(I,t'i/:.l

fll'(lr'"fJ"?f

keep f1ld g"(lil~ ffllll~ fllr'f'''fll'l(l

II'~ttr!!. Irql,f'!1

M.II/li

gf'fl itt

dnrk,

Clllf 11III'f"/lr,i II'fHlfl

do if j'OU mL~ t11C :len

.1",1'1\\" 1\jG.tressivelysand the pre
t ",II, 11<11qr 200 p:rit sandpaper.
"'" ".,'''. The """ding givC$
"""''' 1,,1t fnr Ihe next layer.

I , ,.Ily 'l'l'ly. 1JI''''n,um 2-3 co.~t. of

\ 1m 'I 1IIHI '111ft,},..> ,'\,'n 1-6 )(lts for 3
'Rbi" "'11 11 t" '41 I,.. h 11141nlbbed.
Ah. f 'til Olml ("UU' , ,II,)' {u~u..tll.)' OVeJ'
nj~ht).Inlt I~ " ..... It 1,11', Ie; \lnl1~ mu~'
take
~ 111\I('hu t ~ II \\'(!I( ~l,
nlltclut Ull'. tOPl"03t
\\Ith fir"' :,hr.uJ\ ., ')111'" tCII~(Iflh~ side
t"bl~ I u.II~MIjlnl \\,1 "r~ll')' t<antlraper
rollo\\(~l b~' Jru'lUftO 1")11t'un "'.ltt.n"J'oottlnll,
On th" leg,OJ!"''' lIlIIt 1 ... ,1 IJOIX)steel
\~roofand \\ 3:\. C}'()r nlCtr't'

a rmum, see l\Qc!dA/,f"h

WOODSMITH

.n

till 111;lhti"

1/" fl""tll ......\11(,

ilot

"""1""'11.

THaNNEo VAlNf$.H
WMHCOAJ

seot tse elilire

4 tlrn~c'",,, oj
3 ofclJ("~
thinned )l1lr"ii;.". Finiall uff ",jIl,
~rful/.lrellglh 'VJrlli.h
(",'~A'
8t(riU('1j (,itJ, t('a~/tClifl'

l(o/fr
and fire C(1(l/k of III i~J/ltd ,'(11"11
iN'.

OU

(III

1"11

Ir!/~.

Brush I/"t" n I'!tJ/'I(tI(lUt brlUJlt III Iltt

"fflrf..1J.
In"tl,le' ItfJhl

IJ,#,!/m,,, 10I)" ('t',,1 ""/fIJI,

lill' IIrt)blt "':;' by Ilulrli"!J I'

/(,,/t ""qft b4:1,i,t(J uwrk;

(It (J

CROSS SECTION

"

WOIKPI.tCf...,.--HAll

5 picrt'
v.f ;tf
be
'/}J Ilrt~'f

"!.I('''''' Il'rt ...." rlarf

"I (/11141
,"'111 1'("111,
,11(/"Itl'! (I"

1("",,, pe'/1I1

Nt II':

b,t,Id a dUlIllllllbrella

"I t r lIt; tI't"i",i r

ht)\\ to rub ()ut

~f'.4t),

btl

~f'P/K,rl,

tI'

't(r n.

HIIII, Jflt(t-'I'l (Ij'll,(" uytl'A'/I;"('"

ji"isJ't'tl tl-t II., 'tll/l,' 1;,,1, 1111/i,'f$It"lfl II" '''I,t,llil f,r.ott, f1i/J1Jl11!1 i/
ge)llly p/(lCiU!1 flU (I IH'f' 11(1'"
,/1(, 'fIll xII"'tl(,~.
C'.ll'l

7"',('" '",.xh

t)I,,(";

"n,1

000 UlEl
WOOl

.r

"';1'"

MO.' (OA" ANDRUBBING

".lfltl "tlrr ~I "~'H!I " It

I-\"III!I Ifill'"

polyurethane

vltroi h ('an.....Jist a "sensitive window" or

1",,1<.1.. r time fOlrapplying the second and
"I

1 ~Ii\t'(ll"lid

Rub
6 lrlill

~fJ"Il'hi/( tl,(yn.
liltlt mif/mll spi.ii$

nl(t "llllS allli

W(li HOitlt

"fingertip. {JS( a .lIar" tobillel.tl'(J.lx"

if til< "m hns dritd liard

011

7
Be c:t11"efi,1

.C;1110CJlh NJ~llld Sllr/nCt'l(

leg~IJelu'ei'I'
Ilot 'fl

0" tIle

#ha rp

(,CH1/~
u';I/,

uf

(,11I,,-iul..

(JtilJ :~(teJ ,/!vtJJ.

'''I,b ,1"""'1111 Ihr rro1'I,is/,

rOJ'11ers

011(1

etigex.

23

Sources
The .,stternmakcr:; rasp,
Ilfli'IU(,_ Its tip tapers more
wcod and cabinet rasps, And.
NIJre.,rl randomly over lhc.

RASPS AND WOOD IIUS

CA IOl LG PATTERN

I .tt.-rll Ih;,t includes both leg

r!oIll, tHul ..- aurl lht" r.H)l;..l~)411,
I tl '1\"\'; (fIr the ;o.i<1~ table 1.. availt. I (rltl "~I('h:IJ"Kt!. :-;elt(i for ~\fHJd;s"titJ,
( r' the-

"\""U,. lit>, )loin.>.

,.1

behind, These groove. ha\'p 10 be filed out

I",fol'<!sandin)! can begin.

IA :~~II2.

Since the teeth on the

rorth ,,1,""hh
\\';II"u(. lurnlnJ!
~:(lflJlung leg ((""Ihe $i<1,' ta ble)
.. ~1\1.U'ethut';-. ~ ." !I. ~'," ~ ~

fu,~t"'rand smoothen U~ing it (('c~slike

NlKling. "ou set it~ecurse without \\"QIT)."
In,: "bout $I trail (Ir grooves to clean ul',
'fh,' patternmakers rasp has a drawback
It Ct,:->t$ more than twice as, much ~ II
"-(1(.1 rd.."11.But. it':;. worth it, \\~I:reeomm.._'nrl fl 10" ~ieh(Jlson #~!t.

11MIlJ.i,rltftbv t" C)tron~itiIJI\ IllclCJu.1. Each

hl1l1 I".: !(flr the rO(Itl"lliOll r(.."(luir(", U

x ~ ":\

'J."

It; (11,,:1uI""

I t\\O lrurL ..iliCln bh,H;k:;). "4,11van c,rfll'r

Inll ng lllan':-, ("1m l ht ((tUII\\'inJ! t'r}Ul'\.'(-:all l,n"'L"!i an ffJr walnut, sec ('3la1tl~~lor

.ILE~ The id.,,1 file f(ll' n P""j""1 like the

t1tl)rloie lejl' i~
\\'hat'~lLS\ullI)' called a eabi-

sr)l;c'It'.s):

(Ill t J

IU", \t(lRG.\X \\OOII'\'ORf\I~t.

111"t

SI '11.1..:.....

t12111. ;"'2450-2:; t,"', (('tllal41)!;

~ 1. ~)(.t,

rmi::;h\.'C1piece \\.illlx. apprcxismaller). :JI;1' :( a';' " :{~

l'Ul

In ,l('l)

$llt I!I ,ouch;:~ :\ a' x 16". $(~,~

each.

,t.I''',KT ('()'ST\~TI~t;
\SI) s.)'\. IXl,.
(I ,II 1.:tgt('he~l(!lR08fl. RIOllX. N ,11"1,I ~Ii: '1Ml22:~l!ii 1(":II"log: ;SLlMI).

nM.lntlfile in ba~tal"(l cut will work fine.

S.,w: Files geJler.tlI) arc available 111

\'"

I.

till

hlll';U' ilK:.h.... ;ill c.'ut ll) nll~'

h","lr ~Ild 48".3

len,..rth

,,:;". $1.10 ll<'riJlch.

,hr th( ca.....t bra. ....

:-.;,11'll.\\',"rhan(Ut'

II... d,I.bl~ from:

\H',t n' \\ \I)"~(O~lP,\.,~\.
If;l ,-\,'('n11' uf

('(I~f!:5.The~("t..(I~lnntl

:1~hf.arin.:: ,lll,on
("11(.J("~'" I~~
fN'
ill a he,,;)elforing-'an. t \: or
:Llui t)-pe:" Tc) l'"111,,I,<'0111 till
('IIl mallufaClUrt]":,, ( ,11th.:
I
b).' dirrer~n[ namc:-!-;)
I tI hA,

~")
I IJ) """",Ih File(! C:L<1Phil" Hamil".
I Jnl r No, A:~l.Ol,~.50.

nM

",,"tiOj(:

VARNISH
til ,tl'r\."fl the finishing ;:;UPI)Ii(>~ (0), thf'
.1 1.1t" and rool';I... 1 rmln:

\\.

til

"(Kifl

III ar. u\ ,dl1h rrt'-tt of chal~e

II.'

I"I

'(!

frtlm

.bo\u).

fOOTSTOOL

\\ I 11'11 ,IIhi-

'1

"7.. polyester

Ih. I 110,,1 II."!!. lhe 1

rrttl1'l.,ltN.'U1 fabric Slore that

Illllll 11 l"uJ'J,I,e:..;, Thes 3.l"e

lUllt~'I .. 11",1111 t
lillfl ttu til lit I (

1'1(81 UI"

n 1.

Iht I. pr;tllt'lllt

,lat f'rt't
Ii

\:l~)

Iff

n1...... hut

if)'oucan't
bnt fltOI'l', tr) a..'1kilt~it
Itt

hnl~

rlb. luOli;.IIM,li:o.H\'ail(rolll

'Ir" h. Ortler
I'" I '1w1rt..

ballinl(.

r..am p"dding.

Kltllt (III

\ arr

"l~lS.IISr.~l"I'I'I,\'('().. INC'.. 1267

Mur~ l)ri\'(>, }'lacl,if.n. ~" 11502;

1 ... ,.,. lSI. (Catillo,lr. ~~.50).
H,h/, II',
F), r "I'Ilr
/'a,"I/, 1\11'lNIFillt'r: IIll>oiurn
1,1'1,"" w,tlnut. 01'<1 Nu. B744-IFl;;6.
~I 'to Jl'{'r,}uart. St 1,leu'~
4: IlulcI' I(I)(J, "9

,1,.1lt11n',n pallerfll' f'lr lht: :oicl(~

fl't)m;

""111>( IIAFTSI'I'I'I~' ('(IHI~. II Atl."lic

1\ H...1. \\'526. P'll.lIox 11)00.\\'Obu,n.
M \ UJ"-"!!; &lO-2'2~1Jsa (Cal"lo!!, f'rt"",.
'~\KI(TT "An.~ (0;\11'S\', (a(I(lre~~
abo,,!). G~"cl't.1
Sl.IX).

Lhl: diHgonall{ .....,\,. out),1

\nlt.rJrH~. :\e,\' 'ork. ~,- 1')Ola:

'I.!"':! (Ia.
.......
ic l1anl\\'aJ'\> ('alaJo~; b:o' ~ne ..al chara(,I"'11

ttll

It.l.,p.. ...and \\~OOC"I

file......U1? <lvatl:,hle

Ln

$() ,'\"\\.

\ I t III ...
t.

1m:

1.

\rood\\'(Jl'king beca\L.~ it'~ lht: Co;l(~~l.

I'h" ,'O.'l1'S(>II ... U; :u.o affetl~d b,' 1iI~
""~'\h.The Ion,!!".. the file. the c.. ,,,-,,pr llw
I ::;..u 10"b""UiJ'd Iii. i.MIlr"",' than an
Ii ba tard.

\\itI1

SIDE TABLE
I

thrt~ fllogreeS. or cul - sm(JiOth. M!Corl(lut .um ba.....tanl. R;b'UINI i~

chfl' U11"of'JI'

II (AJJIS!-."r f lI.f

("ith h,'n "hie!" Iough. t\\c. :o>i(I(.'~

I,Ju..,II.;'1 x :i", in 12", JS~. 2(", and :4(j'" ./) 1'A1'TEk.\.II,lhf.11
)1 CAIUSET N"~/'
"n ..~h:,. SK,7fi(X'r tinl'.u fU(.l
lilt, "fU,f)\'('I(t(.:H.:-.' S'N)'ti-;. 21f(nl Inf"om Ih~ ba,,' ..IOtk
.111 l1al RIlu1{'\artl. I(ogtn;. r.:L~f,.;);~7~; tlthe-l1;, It cut:. "'It It u
I 12 1:lJi..21!~1
(Culalol(; $2.(0). Rough. "Jill
l~l}' Ilh l' lilt

~IU,n

(ilt', These are l'Onll"O(Utt) fi\'"ihtble in So'

lind W' length s.

Th. basic diffe.-ence betw~~.n a cabinet
Ill. and Q wood fil. is that the ,-a 1-11""1 !il~
i..
" little thinner. But nl1~' cu-dillar.\' half-

t 12;; f1.tr,lsttl\\11 i{o:tcl, I.clui:--\'Jllt'. 1\ ,.

('"l,h

Ilatt4.'l'llJI1(1.k(,:r:-.

"L"'P aren't. WIL",l up. it's e;u:j.:r to l.."Ontrl)l

ll)3J1 a wood or cnbin('t ra.sp. It '11~~.
euts

\\ " 'h'l h. Cllhriol,Ie);s

.' ,I t ht ((JClt"'\"lll rl"lll'O

lu.tr, lhi'l'~ 2

the teeth on :1cabinet OJ' Wt)()(1rasp

ltn:' lined up, ilseems to want to set its U\,'U
c..... tU~. And it. leaves l"t t.J.ol of J-.""()I.)\e~

SQUARES FOR CABRIOLE LEGS

""n'
n J'lln

than that of
iL",teeth arc
surface, Set'

SIT'te

[kI)1. el.I:!. 22IMl

",wll""IITIII'1T.cn\.

rilChl photo.

I It"'n C 1.1.1.:;"n,1 name and address 10:

I.

however; j:;.

"lJlld~/"iIJl t~

1(, tll~11\'tlrnjsht..~and ruhbing ~uppli(!~

CABI.\E1' (If(
I\'III){) RASP

......"l"';1\ rulnble

1(-\SIS. f~a:;I):i al'(,' """llnlll,

a "'10\)(1
rn.q:~l$.r..ahinpt rn."'p!'o, ;ttlcl I)"ll! nil"" k. J'!I,
~ps. Cabinet~p~ :tntJ W( .. ~ ML"'11if' IIrt

~imil\1l' in Lbal their t{"t.th .tn Jll\t~ up

I'U\\':'. ~eI(ft photc."

~o.B6trJ~27tlKj, $1{',2ll

10

The' WI."'h:.llf(.'rt'II(( i.
that the C!abinetrasp IS thinlllr

from (; ...n-etl 'Of"de ('om

,.nJl~(.,," "".Ire&; alKj".)'
", .... 1111thank., gu (tI Pal De,';". or H.
II hk'JI,UId Bl'Os. and Barry Opl)enheim of
,,,.
\lcCI""key (;Ol'l'o,....tioll. Both hm'e
.._,\t.'I1.t"I\'e- fini$hinS! e..XI~ril'll"'(" and wert..'
"I'Il'flll in ;;uppl,ing l~"'hnical and J)1't'dical
llifunT\o'ttion ror the article un \'tlrni$h..

WOODSM1TH

Index of Contents No. 1...

42
1'h.ib index (Q\'er6l&11 or Iht artit1t>to
(rncluding project.< and tec:hniqul'Sl
{'IlJlwinL-d in the fit'Ft 42 ~
of

('4Irpel lope 35:28: 42~I.H.24

Carvin"" :12:.4..(,.24
Pattern ror .ord holder :J;;:2I)

Sbdinit :11:-l11
Throu~h 12;7: I!H~ 11

\\hod.Ii"jf)!

l~ll('rn {or quill. raek 32.;2.1

Rde,"" ee books 32:2-1
ThoLl ill!;2.1
ChUd,we finish 26:23

Tongue .od

Wl:!\edi vidl'(i lhi .. tOOI,,'3: mto two

Sl'dioDJI.. The
M..'<.'ti-ln is. a gcn ..

rrnrt
unaIcatalog ofwOO(lworking Iopie<.
It.~h.nl'lUC~.ti... 1.001.;, jOlD(!J')';

jil!'. 3J1dr.nl'\ha The nexl seeuon

~ a lit'l of all the prQjl.~~
.:;.i)J ...... n in
thv fi~ t2 L~II~of \\Q(;dJI')Jillt.

The numbenr following each lbt ..

II) lhE" l~lJ{,100

ltlR ""(('r

JlfIgt"fl

"heft! you tan find information on

the Ii:;led :.ubje\."l. .....
or example.
20:-1-7 refcN

tu

illformatit'lu

ill

~"ueNc.20 on 1)3gt'!;4

\\\MIdJJIHlth

lhl'Ullgh 7.

('hif.(l

19:_j);

eos-n. 2.:;;.3

C.do rott.~ u,iju",,,ble33:1';'19

CiT<~ routing 20:13; 21:)(1-1]
ClampinJit
Block. du,.UlI 32:28
81""ks on edge 42:2.19

Boord, ab'l: It'\:3

("'mel'S

34:3

I...,ng pi...", 24:il4;:l6,1

To!>l. "'~ ]5:7. 17~1
Clomp"

G(N(RA~INDEX

Adh{'m\'cs
Hkl. (St'OlcbJ 19:2:1
Rot "",It ;~I~.!4
""U!l'proof &7.11; 16:10::l7;;<
Al<ohol &dubk> ely.. 1I1;21:!2.21

Ang'"
CUltm~ odd 2!J'~

Hond ..,.,.. ws 157; '"

Rold-tloYo u 1:'11

Pi,x 1:;::l,7. ~

~.1. "

\\\...
lll' ;, l

('Iubs

:t1

\\', Qllv. urkll

(
~)~.iln,)it!~

t )fp.Iuzoat ...naJ ~IJIr;~'

C'(Ilor ('OIhngIt_ .rra

(~Jklnnx ~'CJrJ(1W:11~22

ArliJ.~'.... :19:Z.i.244(~.2lI
Band saw
81od. 10:3
CUlling dupli""t~~ 28::1

Comt'r

(4mIHL'-" ;:3: :?Jj!8: 3S!~;~1):14

Compowwi miWno !J6:21

Joint. pl),,'ood 2;!,3; 33:29-22

'Fcmplrtt" 29:3
<uu.inll 12:16: 20-.2:1:

Co,.

36:11; 117:2:1

22::!l

Bead <uthlll< jig 16,~

Beam coml .... 31<"': 1(~1~
lWll <andor 15:7: 10<10. 3i;:l!2

Cut...ofT jig. radial nnn

80nth hook 38:3

I'lvhlem.' .12:21)
O,ni3h on finish .. :10:12]5
D.ntil 26:12-19.22: 29:3: 81:3; 36:l1
Den", 1~~~:
3jl:20

n... .lJrip

16;11:18;;1:2.S;8-9

Bib<
fo"oNtner 10;'5.24

Mortffinj1; 26:l!1J.21.24
1)."..1" .. ing 100l~.24

Rabbet :16:21:~
Roo",r :17:1().21.24

:Q\\'

Datlo blade

sharpl'ninjr

stun ...,,:, 2.1:;

Door

Bli.nd <'.adt> :l8:3

('anedpalU'1 ~18-22
GJa&. 13:8-9; 22:I~:!2; 24:9:
25;11t; ~;:1:
..17;~.1"2O;
33:1 24. 36:1I.11).19.1l><;1l

Stiud dov.laiJ 12:7

HinK~ l:iH:-~
. 25:I!*

Book.. woodworkinltfflrushinlt
al:23; aM:24; '0:2-1
Ik.nn" jilt. horizontal 12:13
Rnx joint 2:~-6:17;12-13; 85:1.2-20:

Louvtol'<'<l .17. I(J. 13

BIa.kboard paint 41.:24

11."!1; 12:6.]1).:!(1
CI_~up 42:20
l'uttlRA: on router lahl(.' 12;17.18
l)nt\\4:n.

.7:19

Ji.2;4. !-;:11-1;):42:JJ>.17
Ibbboh'<! 17:19
R r'&I11h RJ.r U'~
IN 1r)::1
8Mh,.,.. dl'2&.uln" :~:l
Bu.Uc"l (,,"dteh 1!"12.J;
Bu.mr.. n'mo\'uIJr (rofn ",:000 ~::21
C.bi.. , .. tIIl' r 11:121:1: 15:7:
:~:ll~l:t.:!-l

Carbld ..... p
Router hit ~t_;!i.9;
Z,~ :r;:I9-tl

,..blc

,,"w

bladl.. :l711~21.24:

2l!: 19.:!il
Carpon",r. tnoutJ<lc 1:6: 15:6
\VOOOSMITH

gt"DO\.

:rZ:12.~-t::~~

9-'i"

Oil 30:1215.24: ~I :2:1.2.1:

;{2::7..9.24:~i6!2:~;~.:24
Outtloor :!7:1.....1!i; 39:24
Pa.o;k
42.~

20"2()..~.24. tl: .....'.2J' ~

:lS:lIi: II"IS
Oo\\'el ('(!nWN :J7:1~
UuYv ~lin?
Ji..: ;1 s:t.

,,*" lilk'r.:- g$:,21 ~ti.24;

r.,,
...
It- \i,CJOd

DQ\\ot...

'i;t:21
11Kft'M ms, Japan

Cbamtt'tillg 103

~1untin..; t:i~!~
P.ai.... -""",~ ~ 1"11: (I':~19.
2':l417

1\<clmlqu.. 1:1:f<.!'.:!!I:2I~21
Oov(,t3l1
Blirvl 12:7
CL'II11plllj( b1....:k 32:2:1

Halld.., .. blp 22:4";: 29:3

H ond-<'Ul ~roul!h 19:6-11

Key:ll:ol-9
L<igh dove<ail jill' It.!:22,24

Madline-cut IIIp22:609
Matbil1t>-<ut lhrou~-n :12:2l!

Rabboled 21~
Roolco 22:6-9: 32:22.24

~'-"~1~5

artL"Uo'

11ri1li1lJ<:CI3. :14 3
(jroo\',--<I tG:3
~takinK1~.;!J

Saun l-t'{ . 12'~

!".all... ~t9:22.2f: If},:~

Cullllll( 16:3

ulh&

~'1.1.1 ..

S.",11I1II9 12
l ""'8 U _, l!!J at 21 le,
3'" I.t' I '. 0&, !I
I)"'''L'''
(tlf
trtKtmn 17 1'('
_.
li, I ~f 't 1::t12'.!,
111-21 a In 34 I 1
3ii III III, 4(. 1M t l.H."
42.1314 ISoI"
1)1\

h-r

)Ilenl

SI.t 'amb.h89:2~
HlWllb 1()' )!l.~.2a.t.4

.":.,11" rlaltrll'~llr.3lUfiJ.: oil

3(1.111;'.21::12:7-11.21.::16:2'~:
t9:2J

1Unun.~k):23
\\ ~l

n:~l~.:!:!

Fun t I'"odu<" l..bonlory:16:il4

,.fl",
1(,,1 JII.P4dIC' laminate at :$09.

.tl::l. :1.;6.24. :\9:14. l1:U'~1

t2:':i.19

ftoUl'l-d frt'tnt 21;;~~

U):J~

t0n4t,~t
hi:-;. ",hartJCJIinll
10....-5.24

St.,p., to: IS

F.......

Drill bll>o ;)2'23

Orill guide, Porloiig)t 12':3.13

GIUJ.Og21;: ll: 3O:!J

DriD p~'

M.ldoo edge 24:8-17.2"22:

29::!1J.2I.30:4-<1

Adju.<tment "''''11th 32:3

c"n.t .hutk 12:3: 26:ZI
Iiole boring jilr 22:3
Mort .... ]8:2:1
MortOOnJt bi... 26:21).21
table ele"atoJ'

\\'-eb co~tn.K1.'Qn 8~11:

14:11).11; 22:18-22: 24:14-17.
IG;:.!Q

Roo",r <h""k 12:3

Thb\e ""PI",rt 19,~

DriIlins:
AnJJ!e 1:10.:lO:2:l

('itcl,* a:1: 1';'19

Ou""ellli; 38;3: :(4-::~
Sh4Ip1f",.fh

Mtlrk \~ ~.:t

1""'I>'1<,,,f

Hin~11.111:II:>'
.I.inl II 10: 147~

1>rum .. uder:l.S:2:!: =.6:

4 U6oI7
IJI ....' """ ks 41J:'.llI
I;d",,UIIlj( 'l2:13-]5, 3.');2:,
t:u;-p... ;;;8; U:3: 16::\; 19-.3:24,3
EOt! bQard.~ !t;';; 20-.24; !?;j:l:$;

End lP"'in
CIIJ.in.I:24:22; 37:28: ~I:c!

Putt~ llI!:21.24

&wd.... j!lue finU.h 17~1:3!t21

Fln,....- joint 17:14-15; 35:IS-20:
2,IG-:!O
rlni.JIeJfini.~bing lE'ehniqu~A
Books 38:21: 40'2-1
CI.."ing bro.<ht's 3!t.:l

Dy& 41):20.22.24
Higb~~
...lfittH"tU'" ltW F;t.i~,

40:19-22.24

lIIi,."'" :1:1:1S-19

~lortise and tenon 26:111

Ottagorud 12:8-9; 21:4-7
Rabbet routing 26:Z.i

GUJdc 1:_;

Sealing 9:a; 40'.22

Fe::uh~rboa.rd..~ :tt:Zl: 10:3.6
Fllior
DrawerS IP:J ~Ijoi
Nan hoI. U\:3
..
ood. 39:21 ..22.24:: 42:21
Fi~tW'(>~22:G-.IO:2:'4::l:27~l::l2;22 ~'te ",

Groo\'E! tl:6-7
R.lrblind :!2:49. 3-1:49

nllor;.:

:J9--Zl-21. ,~O:23
ftuh1..... I~:9: 12:2123.24

fYenlllnl(

A<lju>4.8bI, 17:21.1:2:&:2:1: ;~I:2l!

Diamond

t~i.n.kht.$, (0,,1
NO)fHO;OC (9.:2il; 2.';:28: ~~~;

ce,III

f",y"(,,, ..12t':11+15

2$

Orillins: I: I0; :L')~

:'nRlN! "'" i< inl il.'i:15
Angk!tl hall-lap Jfllnt :Jt+:.J

s.r..ra......
1d.do 40-.12

3:1,

OoVlUW.

25:)"J 1: 26:1:t-.11i 29:4~1~

31;49:34'4-~.1S.19

fnune Wld pancll'On.o;uuttiun

0:6.lI-ll: 16:12-15: ]8:4-19:
2~:11-17.2t)..22:: 29:~.2!;
.14:1B-12; 116:41U:39:8-9: 41:7
f'u1lth,..,u"" datlo4(U2
G.U"I AtoUn .10:2122.24

(_;Ut.~...

CUtting Ill: 16: 17:2(1

Or",r l:l;lI-9; 22:18-22; 21:9:
25:19: 26:15-17; 2!>:]!).20;
:tll{j.2oi: :lQ: 14.lf,.l!l; ili<:11
Mounting 11:8
Sanding la:3
Glue. oot-melt 34:21
Gluing 7~'l; 9'_1: 1()o.1.9: 1.:7: 17:4-6:
18:.8; 19:2:$; 20-""23~
21:9~~-:"22;
24:23: 26:U: 27:2:1:28:11.24;
31:3: 32:10.13.15.23: 37:23:
3~,~:
.10:7: 11:12
Edlt. 32;.1:l-15; :lIl:2()
End I(I'8in 24;23' :17:23: 41 12
flx<e>'< gtu .. a&(lO

Frame 26;U: 3jtl

l"lav2S:9
Mite;", 21:i1:30:~
SliUIl.-;Jl3:23

l'dmbOu~17:4-5
GriMt'r t.Mll"($l20:i; 24::1
Grind.inj! whccl. 20:4-6.12; 23:23
Cnldebushing. rQUWr37:11;
12:4-6.24
HaIfblind dn\'.tail22:~-9: 34:49

I
Stopp<d ....,._ (\11& :I!:>3
Tamhour t<fuinIt' 17 4
I"
'l'Ipt-r 106 ;,.-t. 11:3

II II 14
routn .. ~~

I
I

T."""IG:I' ~ l'Il>!lI.;3
"oo~do-.els8!>.U 182:1
Joinel")

Anjd.d baIt-loj. ~l
Bare- c-l dad" 41>12
&x2:w.17:1z.1a.ltt.~ t'

I! 1:13

M
_G.I>
Muq:U<'t.ry,1nI.t1)'2!):Il':llG:' .:2.

t!:6.1()..2()

Box. Tabl .. tt_Of117ly

C()mpr, plywciOd 22.3, 3:120 _

1'i<tU........ I p.."*"'1.UIIt' IHI

Pigmm\o 8!1:2!.24; 4<l-.20-:!2.2:I.U
!'in rou\U1g ~.1I'11.16-1~.2I'_:!2
I~J'" d:.mps 1:0-1.7.e- ~.36:lI
I...".
Af)ju:tn'l4'hU~:I&~ 25::?3
If.toncb ) :;.1; 2::J: lti-o!'l
f1attt>fll,nlC~~ 2."'"~::!9-'~
,Iatk 1~7.'Zl.. lr,17
~h." ... i.K:I3: 1>1-19
flf1m't. \tug",'rS;tr,.T-ltJ:10; 11):7
l'lanmfC

I;

1Jo\t'.~ke).31: I II
Do\i'- taUtf n!lUt' anrt IfT'l':
2O:22:31.21\.22.,g.q lr~ .(fl:1
Drep-l .... 11.1'1.14

f~

,,:;~::~cal 00373.12:'-9

~,

12:22;3717 1:$7.12

t-un Ihroul:l> ,!odD 40; I!

L IS

P>o_tl~4
Jwkpll

1.,7 ~lf,..17.:!ti-21
rolon ~ .!2.l4 W.l3
JIlI-aDr2I(' tee \.(.I'>t"S 24 1-f;;
e <23; II !3

.,0

)Jurt_ and te_

Ill-:tlll111
t w(1Ot13lt21

Q\Io'""r

lIIII<. 31:3
making I,...s;:r.+:11.17;

KJ'UI)\ e

~.

I~I'=~ I
,
., f" fnd

,.a1n. mlttT ~

~.lI
I:s:!:3
loW. ,.... It!!O-.3
ruq\u!615:1fl: 16:11).1h:
I 11..!:l;31:3; 3><::1; ~(t:I:1
'tal; 1.,,"UM'12 to;IS:ii 18:to.tl.23;
~I
.t,. ~:~l
It&!! II.!jl:2a
II. I~"" j{uU$(l':" and SCMJtcb~
AA.21
1:"'~10\InIl6.9~ ~:-I-7;:\5:21; .tl):f't
1{jl'h.,.II~:;;

2:!

1&20-21
Routed d.,\"{olaU22:4~~
Rule n.ro, 14:7)1

nt M 11 ,II tlJt'k 40:3

SlklinJt do\'~Ulll tUII}otU<' ant'

groov. ZI~ZI"21:31 4 II
Spline aml jlrO(JVt IULj
S13\'e
~ctlOn
2.';;x.!, . .!: 3.
:lO-Zl
Stopped (1ac"1'~:1t1.12

Mi rUM" rutlh." tIt: I~,

2G:!J
CllU
frHnl'('ultint(2t:17
tru1.r~,

1:1;1"2:1.22.:11.

.l3:2JJ..22, 3.".~~
1\r.lJ1tt'r~12J2

Woog,od d<,.r13l1.1~.!!o
\\'edliCed mOI'\:i~ .,~ t, hlOh
IS:ll-12
KfV)Ck...dQ,,n hant",.. rt .i7:17,2-1:
~.Il:'.t4.j I 4 tl.Z.1
l.atrs "'lain 1I~:~.21

m.1t:"n. 22: 11~..!4:.1: 27:2-1:

~.l~
:kt:3~:1'-t5,11.Z.I.
~,;.3.42 t!),:M

~
It'Zl.2-I
ftoutcod
flo> liId<oo IS: 12-13;:!>-:10.1I

1213

Tonguoand<bdol"
12-16.41(,
42:1()'1I.13
~f
....sJrOU\t'"~:!:!.

I ppin~.IJ~
2:;:1:4

SllJb tfnon an.1 gruo\ ...~ ...!:!,

31:.t-!I: 11:7
11>"",1:1> d<nl'tall19 '.11

~""ruw3-'

30:.'9

ann .. "

nob!><'LdadO) 6:8; 111'9.

IAIU\! l,od.IC)o'f"1l31:10-12
.MIlt" l;tl., 21 J213;3Il:22;3,q:.:l

s, 10:9;

(.g !JJ-:!I'$9

rQUtl'd ~ ~

~:IS..l'
p.,.,.u..j _ph ... !I 9
Rabbet. and flTOC,\ eo (.u..J WIl'(l

I\<rli!ll:d ..~, t.~ 16

)OInt (al.~

...n.<lt"Il>bo'l.d..!o).,

2t:l2-la.l~l!t~Z.~!!2..2I711
3713~ IZ-I~.~' 9
Opeoownl!lf' and tl"Mn 2 .. I:.. %:!

nrtbft'boknl. 33:Zl.lIl".:I.6
r
jalnll7'III~;lI5;I"':!O:
<4.! 1617,21.
11.......,,01 btmlllt' 12:13

lllitl tOI~~j~>O
t rhlt 'Jfi'!!I;~23

8::J.-6;

IS:.~11.2l: 2.! lSo:Z;

IJ..... rIin 41 4 :!oI

I
=.2.',03; 33:3

11!-1 12~.Z.1

h Jt' r, r ~rnall..lli'lt\ 39:23:

1:~:lf..ll.I:;.I2.lt,:tb-11.

C:3

.tor 16~

!\.toltled mortlM' and ,.-non

2412.1:1.21

ttd on ruulH" t.bIt- 38:3

I'M'L I 12:1l1-l1
" r. hilJ~ ..tablet'I~\.'"..

~lit(lrM hair Jill' 2: 11

.llitcred nlc)rtI~ aM t..ncJn
16:1G-17

~!t;22:2!>~

II
I
I

:td

30~,22:U:22; 87:t.t

( t(jrrl~ 1:;"&ti,2I':3

1Jp('n

[)rill J:II",.12~.I$

t,

Ih,un hllltr.Ik'f'1iI)t'r~12 t:t

( koan J\$t til- b)'(JOln(.6 t~:2tJ
( 'C)ft C'\lll,.ll " 1~'11);;~.: 11
( ttlnt: rWtM: 1amll'\l.t~33::l

)tlt4

Sj>Iin1fting !2'11
rt 1'11"

1~:J<.9

1")l1i I uu III~16:3
l\o\jl nt2:1' 17:12-1:{;:iS:12--2t';
1:l.11.17.:ro

()_'"

Ora",""" t'OftIotructlOft r.!.1.J..15

Lockett trukrtl:l0
Mat'hinf..""tUldO\l'Ul.d 22.t.
~1it('l'"aM I:'phu('7' t I; 21:~ ~f.

Jill
~\I~
tlnlbllJof ,t 10: 3r):'~;a7~3

I~

f.&l.

Ralt...btinrJ do\...w1 22 4 It 34
Balf-Ia~l27~29:%1.t9 1
Half-lap I]lIWM ~ II
lbnd-au d..,.WlIl> 1 II
~+S
Hau.nched rnrJTtlM!and te-r n

hardv.an- 36:'!4
lnt.vll~17. 2fJ;6.2:!; 2," "'" lS.24

I~

I':U-I; lIS II!-!!O

:Ull"lt.3t"'"" 10:39"

borini: JlIl

l)bt,"'lM:'lJ,mln,lItt al :~9; a3::J;

37~.24:J~I14.
It.J'),1M
1'1aM1~1
rnoldl.rl~.ri:1,2-1
l'lu l""Utt...n:It:7:'.M
:!>I.:!:l
11).........1
Ilu:rin@' I,ps ~
CGf"MfJOUlI~III'. '!'.l3.aa%t~~
'utlinlr 3121

.'UIIj(\' """,.,.,.

F...."., and ...... 1 '~II

lRlf~ll.U
1",-li.29:l'.

:r7I.l11

1\tblt'lOl,2:t:21
11,in ,,,.k3li:3

DO\il:taiJ 19:1~J1. ~ I tI.~.

r.

ImfoUJ~2:!"f ....
q, :t:2-:"J!)

0Vrt>

(lIMo ... r,
III
1'and ..... ,U>!: 12

Routl'"r

.,g,UW)' ...... 35::1

Palm

II

II
n~
1>&1
~I IS "I
,'.C.r.ttnfillij I.!2! 23.21
l'oraIId loline0"
I' .. tIl \l1L' 1:!:2"J
f'i~tul,\'(nan,.. roul" r bit 11~:t.ge"2.1

BiU37I!I-~1.24
HIt. J:luln~ <{'Jvi-wl 31:24

lilt. rn"l'Ulll'~2f):2()..21
Bil.l'ictu ...._!\'~; I()::~;
;!Al::!4

Oil, tabl,.., ;~:21:~iS!Zi

Hll, nU~'(1pl,n,.1Zl~23
'J.'OOOS)l.UTH


r.

B~y"r. guide 31:16-19

Chudc with dnll p..... 12:3
D,bris 24:23: 34:3
Dil1l<lion8l;:W-21
DovctaiJ filn""",tz:6-9; Zk~:
32:22,24

Guide hu..Jting37: t I; 42:4-5,24

Guid~. multi-purpose

Rout~r.co,ll.

17:20

Jill', een tered grooves:lQ:22

Jig. d.. 'til molding 29:3

Sawblode
B.nd 10:3
Dado blade 34:22

CuUlnJ{t:1llI&1I ~tn~III39~
41.;1;:
11:11111

39:1;:40:23

tJ.."'" I';

Stopped dad. 40:]218.14

Shal><'

ToI"'ro los:> II 1I.14~-II

Sh..,,,,nin

"'n'loIaw
IIod< I

IO:8.9.l1,I2-13.H:
42:4 ...
'lhunmel.ttachment
10:8-9.11: II:I~

Router totb1t:

til I

Ilppr.!1

In.se'''' UO:3

Jig ((aT du\\ \q makinl: 1 tI.:a.

3.":1,;'17: 12;;1

'I

'AI*"

wi,

-btu,lj.lI. ',1:.1
1":WllJ.Mlliullt ~17
t I lnrr b4~ 111 . .1 6,:t.t
Jllf.r)fl8t. w .. rrr tolmll"'"24 1.6;
2!fiZt, at ZJ
I""",' '""'" 23; 11<-19
Routtr bi18$7;21

Sera"".
blJldeI4:13: 39:12-13
Stones 20:1-7.1.2-13:21:23:

Jilrror'loPI",i cul.8 .r,,:1

MOWlt on \\ lk'll" 37:3
l"inrout.u"lgltl18tru,\(.nt. :?t\:"l()..22
R()Ulltlj[ ci~wK'rinp 25::i: 10':9
Sab,.., ... w ""tup 11(J:3
Santllitll'drum attachment :l&a
Set-up for l.at.tioo J)Ulwm
41:14-1';.17

SlWn>! ror .. ijuMmrn, 42:a

\'atUum altachmenlSG:3
Rubbing """,,",und 42:23.24

Rubbing lini8he.14:9: 42:2123,24

RubbingoilI4:0:42:2J.:13,24
14:7-8

Rul~.S"',.".'I34:23
Safety 15::!;31 :23: 34:3.23: 36:23;
'li!:23: 40:23
Saf.. 'f.PIan.~l\"gI'~f10:10: 15:7
Sw1tkr
BItt 1;:7: 33:3; 35:22
IInlm 35~.!2:38:3.6: 11:16-17

I'alm 33:7; 34:a.22

R,..Ir",dl Sped BI". 14:1:1;3a:7
,,"'.ljlg41:3

Sal'Khnl[

81""k ~'a12:21
CtlTt,g 11 12
0111k 13:3; 15:3::Jl:~~
!lo......~ I~

Orum 1:1:3. 15,1; 2t. 1.32:3:

.l>!,~.6;41 16-17
Du.,( maoU IU.2:I
ClaN; 13:3
Safut)' :18:2:1
W.(~23

\VOOI)S~IlTH

Slidingdovetail tontrUe.Jld groove

211:W-21;31:411
SpoIted wood 28:23

Panillcl 9:9
Routed groove 21:8-9

~1"'..22

1\(>\.1 If; 11),,1 L

'utlln~:l) 10-.~

Jil'f'l~t 1,11:1

III(

~f I

i.ro

)1 0"10' 38. I ,
!tfrtlt,corIt\luL bw:hll1it t:.! J I

Hou\ r; Lllu\'f'f'II-d ,)t)I,,,, 37 It.. It

(.'uuu'g lfi.lo.ll,a;ltlll

""_hed
18;1;.9
Ji,r24:UI19
)!itered shoulder 16:16-17
Repairing round 28:S
St3ggered,<I>oulder 13:1i).11
Stob29:22; 31:19: 3II:110
Twin 12:12
TIIrolIdI!d'_"'" tz:ll: 24:3;
27:2-1:28:24; 30:3;

38:141b.1~,24:S<J:a:42:15.24
'!bntrUc and groo,.jOIDl9:7: 29-.22;
1:12-lb. 2(1. 22; :l1l:2().t.I;

!l.q;s.g
'lbn~"'"and dadojainl40: 12-15:
11:6: 42: 1i).11.IS
'lboI ........ grin~.r 20:7: 24:3

'!by .. h''fljig41:3
'!bngoil finWl 30:1215: 32:7-9.24.
36:23
1\'tning
:19:16-17
Goulres 21 :22;24~.Ia

&rtiJq~r'ti bookcd.f>e2':16-21.24
Bl4thr'fJOl1tcahlhl-t 3;~ 11-1a, 21

ll<od
Bunk:*,:t~I!f.Z.1
He8dOOard ~J()'12
Singl. :18:12-17,24

Bedroom furniture 34:421:

3S:1:?r19
Bed";do.1.IInd 1~>l-7;:14:16
Ilcltbuckle 10:6

Be""h
GIlnI.n 3:&-9: 27:12j;1
1resUe Zi:24
Bind~r.\\'oorienl~w;117:.t

Rlanket chest lij:12-I~:

32:16-21,24.8l;:23

Book."s. 7:6-7:2II:16-t1.24
Book ... dc 7:12
80\\'

sa\\'

&'.0

lin"I.turned
Laminated 21: 13-21
$ta" ~(()ns\rueLion 2S$l

fl
Brc;1Id 1:1).8
Ilboplay 11:11

End grnin lop 15:1~

Roultd 13:12-1:1;23:1()'1 I

Spar 39:24
1hngoil !lel.H. :\11:21
Vo... ",, 14:1()'1I:38:It--19.:U :!II.

.10:6-7.24

Doll" 28::1
aokUng J,)C29::l
Wag."s.reTPlanor
1"'10; IS,7
\'1t1l mDunting ..yMt'm 4~12:

Bev.I.2:l:ll

.\htu,Ut. \\'bIJ mirror 2S::1~ 19,24

A,i I', nt(r, ('hikf'~41:49,,24

VilmL;b

Slopped molding ... 1SSG..."'().21

Stopped nlbbel,836aJ
Surfitt"e pl'ep;tration for 6ni...
hlUg

89-.24

'ROIlCl NDt)(

J,'".lry 9:6: 24:2().tz

M"-'1ie6~7; 28:4~7.24

VeneerlApc 17;'.22.:) 11l.

1labIesaw

I 'I'!!'IIli1.atiQnai holp a7:2-1

I"'~12:5
Scnaper 21:tz; 22:23
5p,","e 26:3
Took! 21 :18--22; 22:2:\; 21:!.!:i
Univcr.W ba,..q> platt (J'f.UlI r) 1.2 2-1

39:1113,24:40:4....24
Stopped dildo :18:3;40:12.16; 42:13

SM<h..-l4.d 11',11
.. 6""'h.,.
30:14-15.24: 32:7-9.24:36:23:

2-1'

~_h,lur.c:htrol34_-19

1e-,"~fj

Spmy M01,nt35:22-23
St.i". ~1):1g.22,201
SIt>rn:11 rules 34:2:1
Stave COAl,-truetion 26:8-.9,24;: 27:3:
aD:23

St .. 1wool 42:3.22.23.24
Stidcerotain;s S-l:2!
Ston~

39:21:22
(]u1~OQr _3:11: 27:1-1-15
Pull)' as;21.24
~ltllle kt~ a.t:1:!:3; :i7:22
SI.. I~2><~
Stuf'li.g(' U,,2S: 30::1
"'.oden hin~g,li-1I
"..,"'" orlan!! elubs
LI... ("".uca27.33.~.40:p".

II'Mil< 10 17

BowI21:l8-21;25:24
Ooy.el..;un fQUter t.ahle- 19::1:

;~:'~2:2.24; 40:'l:2;42:21
SS"l;?

()""n.~inedlclo.<ed~
11

U"" 28:22; 32:1~-1$

SpUn. and groovr joinl .10:11

Di:unond 2A:i
Japanese wawr 24:4-06; 26:23:
81:.28
Sh.."..ung 20:4-7 .12-13;21 :23;

S;.ncffr .rc.land.))colt10:10

Surlrtr' prepantuon
'!\Ibl. top 16:7

a9;ll-la,24; 'IO:4~5.z..1
'I'.lble ea w blade. 2S: 19
Shelr. aligning b",dc.", 11::1
Silooting boanII3:lI

Spar \",rru.<I>39:24
Srindl., luming 28:3
Spl[n(o
Cutting 10:3: 15:+6: 21:8-9; 00:9

Table AA.\\' extension 24:3

~.I('f'

1)

(1

Boxjointjij( 42:1 7,IS

l:leaning up notch\"~ 1I":l
CONlntl!llon 20:180&9.22:11...17.
*I:ll

1'0)

(-Art,""

2i' I'~

Universal base pltlte12:2.1

RuJejoinll1:IO:

Stlml h(r

;;.!a11.z;.. lllfa

t anJbMrtl

10: I-!,,:!.j

21:10; 301:t'.

1'.t.lllbr'lJr tIlIltqU(''-

~ I' It

Aldo 2,,'7:.11 .1; SII

41: 16:

toy a5:24; 11:3.24

lnton:n.ation 36:24
~IOYem.nl9:7: :11:.28::18:1<.23;

Sora",," <:ahinet(iumdJ 14:12-1:1

IS:7: 39:11-1:1.24
SCrtw~
0,....18:3: 41:2-1
Sheet "",k 1';;3: WZ'I

3O:4-l1: 36:21; 37:22~ 8$;)$;

Wood

Dim~t\..;;.iOJ1ll22:;23;87:22

rig, Lf'~g)jdo\'etWl :12:.22.2-t

Jitr. mortil;e <uuintr 2(i:3
JiB. radJularm saw 20-.3
Jig. NUlld blank>; 2.;:l!
!'in 2&2O-tz
Plungo :lI:<:23

BilI2:8, 10-1J
Cuidt1&Itt:~i

IV""".

Inl('" .tll:Z\

Sf. 'UI' twl.:$, It:.-f

1a.:.io. "'.' 2Il'C II 2:!

SHJent. 14:9; $-.22.24. 111:!2

\I'edge clnm""
Wedged d"".ljOint :rJ:1&-20

I)a.tu N .. t, 'Itlu,".I~17:211

"'Itl r.ca 1.:-.. 2.".:3

.~l

OO:Z'I;31:211
\V~brmm(\tomslnJctiQn~:~ll:
tz: 18: 211:-1-21;~1:4-9

(ULt.in~J.lvtjcl~ir\llllaa:':l

28:19,23

26:22; 28;[('-11.16.18,20-22;

"\\'ntur steues. Ja.pan~ 2-1:4--6;

27:16-21.21; 2>(:1!l,28
C~lmlW.)ilnd mit .... 36:21
Cav\' (\Iltlnlt JI$t a: 11. a7::!3

Sa", dowtoU 19;&

Clolllling 17:8; 21!23

door37:1().I:l

M\\', eont

DIadee, <Vbid ... bpped

27:16-21.24;

Te<hnl~"'"20:13: 21:8-11: 2.'>:13:

"Dtbte

Thble, carbide-tipped

.Jill,lap d'\'ctail22:6-~
Ji,touv.red

Sanding sealers 89:2.2.24

Sandpa",,' 311:4.0;3.1:3:38:22
Smron carbide S3:~:
42:22-23.24
Zint .t.e"",t. 42:21-22.24

VL<:,fI-

~rI:lS,tl,2"; .0:'1~:42:9.1t

Warping (<UPPing) (;Olbilll:llOP

38:23
Wasb roal ;JjJ;tz
W

..,r ",Iubl.

dy",,4():'ll22,21

In 'IUt 31: I()'II

R."'ipt' 10;8

ROn'lOp b..... d 4:6-8

Shop.torage 15:U-I~
T...."" 2:5; 19:2-1
'!by 211:49.24

Bread boar<I20-.2<1
Bl'<-ad box, roU-to~
Buckle. bel, 10:6
Bulfet W>lc. trOt . log 20:14-17
!.Iunkbed.)l8:IIH9.24
Butler'MY table 11:1()'II,16;
16:3
Ca\)ilWt

BIIl'f'i.'<t<'T'.book.as.l!9: 16-2J.ll-l
Bathroom 37:14-15,24

EO<!,i<I. oU.nd 1~:4-7

-----

~,otlo<l ... hIo-o~I!-I.

l '~"'Jnul
I

Si,ht lA",1 1 II~ltJ

Sot. tl(~..11 I 4l

1'Iry,qnk 18:12-15
I I 1&
I~ hlltch

\\\jIJ butdl 1&:l6-lg

C... kboolo"-<tpc "".ItG: 1,(,

r'''''inIr rock 1;2

C)"

Cradle, doll3b:4-'i,24

fhlt4J<J!.II'ruml no"
f .lJf) dtair
II

Ir
k 18 12 I!'.
"ill"1 Itch lh.lh l!.f
I ...., hut<h 1'1:'7
, ~ IS.2f) 12--17.2-S
'''~''"~n ratlCfloI
l ;.tOO nuteh
:to!
S ',291''''I!i
."'
"td IJ:UI('I~g.ll
1.w.,.l6 t IQ
"ll)l't bu- t"hl~t's)'lot~m
12I~'

l'upl>o-J.nl. wodll0:H-18,U

I I t rok

t:Urio cabinet 21.).2..15:2Jj:t2'11..!~

Cutting board 1:1:32:10-12,2.1.

I'

, I lor ",.U unl.:l3:8-l7

!';!(ht "'00 3I:l';'!!'

sru.ker ....yl. writln~ It I ..

lltnlllj! u.bl.
CiMllar ~i1.h k>.a!11O:
16-1.1r2'

I pkltcl~"'.r~:7

ai

Sh.-IIJ \"ragl' 2o;~1

...7;
'Z:.III 1:;.1~1!:t.:!4

Sjlod~'4 ~
l-.mhfrur $wl't"tl17:6-9

T. rnl.K"lrr\25:1....1~

~I<~ I~

od ~;all

A<\iIt"'-"l>Ie:II:I.'
Chlld'.drop-'ront
1..:1" 9;6

Thes.I.I~23;12-15
TVlru,'IS:4-1::Ii:J-1.24

T>mbour
CyliOOer40:7.1(1
RolI1"f' bre.d box 4:r..s

CttntffllpoJ'ar)' oak IS:4 r,

~t(>t'f'Oc:Rbinfl17:6~f

Dmp-Ioa'lI:S-IO
Piml< 27:4-7
~llc
1::~; 23:1:!:15
Display ('.IWllG:4";.2l: 26: 12-I ..

TV""bm.I2i>:14-19

lI"o.!l ""binell7;'G-1I

Tl(' ra~k 1:2

'l ~"'. 00:\ 2-...1): l'u:U

-rloe>l p.t.'rd.j..~4:9. 12;

Doll modi. S!l:-l-7.2J

I.~r

't:l(~I 1~19.24

Pembn>ke ta bl( 14:4-11

1'.b'''' 11:8-10
Ea"ci'd""k. ehlld'e 4 I;-l-9.24

lb)i

F:tKl gmin box 15:1:~

English wall lantern 36:16-1\1.24
40,1
t ",'U dra"er

( Ioor
r (.'It('nll){)t'aJ'l" 2.iHl
l)c.. k:1:t;'(

I~,k 16:1<-11
1...... .!7Sl-1I
Sc":lt 2:lZl
(hair ide cabuM!-l2t:l 5-17
I 'haIk tray II'S
t

IwIl<I0".:14;4-9
ItIJ.nk,t 16;12-L~,:1i!:IfI.'!I.24.

3G2l,:*~
~\...Ina""t"r(boxjoin\ dNl\\'t'rs.
17 III 19
H~.-al.r 9:14-9

To)' ~t t !I.t-I
t hr\'al tnlI"rI:.r 31t 1-S:.201

!torok tru<k ~I'Ili-lla.<l4

It 1>bIn. :)',:1>-11,2 j

{ II ('\I

ftou, ..tl u wk 2tt.:16-IS

rvu "'I!I.:bf;I' 15
~1t~If~.~
I\:,tab II '7 I;~):

Gallery dock:l(), 11).11

C.... legb\tfTOl table 20:1-11,
Glas_<>l' table 40;16-11
Glirl~r.yard :Ilt.3-l0.24
Goble",. (urn<><!23:1-7;24:2:1
Hall mirnor21;IG
Headboard 3I:1()'12
Hutch

1\'

mirror

I..
)\.,

frwT'!."

12:10-1 t

'li .!1.24

It)" J31K.ll~.2J.
IlllIl"
4'1 IS-II

:\1.2.1

~"
.. l '" .1112:.~
II
It~,btnf 3(j 12 J.! I
Uf lind \Ire. I =-1 III II
SC'tKlolilOU ~I 1'1.att..:t
t 'U((I

t gnrtltt'r

(' .. ff,... lat. I't

~'9in "o1A'r
C',lIllIf Il

I)'i()lit"

I'"tt

l'

II I, "

1':

.=., 21) :!'J

t9:11).21l

,0<II~;2J
"'"I""~
n'I"

"naN,'l ~'\-.5,Zl:t215

'IIi,...
It<o..,,ollt.I-l-16
S.rl,ln 11:17

Conlempor..ry 13:4-7

C3J1t.'fI..pgncl eabin('t. nod hutch

Tikd 21:2-1:22:2a

22;18-22
1<tbo.36:~IO
InJotu. box a l!IO-ll
.lc\\cJr)! box t.;5; 24:-t()"22
Knife holder 10;7

Tht1I1f1....

('.IIIMer

14:14---lii:25:s.12; :~:2a

~'nul 1>0\\1tl:I~21
(lobi cte 211'4-7, U~23
I'hpcom bew 125:24

I...,.,p

rv c.blnel

:!-;:11-W; :1&811.201

1'1" IrllY.moo 16:7: 37:8-9

TV I.r.ly t.abl.. 16;4~7: 17:211:

EOJ(lisb "',"136:16-19.2-1

l.A:titr ctpCoor lO:7

[.light bh~kel.

;:O'\\'i\' ... 19;'

Mantel dock 2.1:8-11::):2:1
~til.rki~ga\l,ge19:12--);~;21::t
Me"",board I8:2.IAI:9.2~
ltJicro\\'ll\'p '~rvinj!cart
II

1\11rTOr

,ot ..

rl h'r

I~

l..anSu.....:u1~1:1(.. 11

CJftl;il.t,...'hU 6:10-12

l ,,-ul.u lal)ll
I 1(1('1-.:

1""~ 17.24

(,.~rc:ular I~:'()'II; :~kU).JI

OVl1l5:9

Lanltrn.
I

( ",",t ~U9.24
ItMt lr ~:lt
1)-; II 5: 1 II

31;12 15

1l(lvetail22:lt1
HlUtginll2:9
L.....'CI22

Pemb",k.14:4.,<J
Shak(r!i-lvlt:-.idv ll:l5

11.19.21

Fntnl\'-

c ",rt m.C'ro,\\A\ele;ening2:~g_ll

Oartt~mpomt)oak 15;"~5
Dining 11:8: l;;l4, 2O:l4: 2S:t2;
80:16-21,24
Orop-I('>I[ lI:S-IO; 1~:4-l!
GOIe-leR buffet 20:1417

GI ass- lop IO;IG-ll,24

Squ....., 3:10
Ilto.k

f'i1e eKkl)l.

i):12

I ..... 1 a;,~hr:l-'i:I3-20.2-1

(h4

nI

f'i)<- cabir'K!l1:S-9; 29: IO-j,;

~ t;~~;23
c lir, lu\ r:tc:e

,.atl'" 14 1.$

CoO'(.., 1;1: 19:1417: U:20-22

Kitchen 1&:4';;
t...af:lO:l!;-19
S ....tled :Q!;12.11j
Picnic 27:1-1

Drop

c..11 Ir.lumNJ II;l"l;;;25jg..l~

12 n. t 13

tbair3:6-7

TI 1'l'1l25:14-19; 8S:!>-11.24
WAIl cupbo;Lnl40:14-lb.24

.!'l.I8-2'l

Crandl. swoo 11:6-7

4111.12

I>'-':k

Di.j)lay ea.",. wall9;ll

( f)I!1l'r.-.n(lobintt and huteh

*' ~

C I\tSIllrll

2Il:24.

1>nlbooUr",dlli:lll-ll
1'... 1 42' 10.15. I Sl-l9.24
arn f' l.XlI:l:;
ltlfll. Jito.nd table 11:t)..1

Thbl.
Butler's-tn\y 14:1()'II,16

~*"

Antique ".,u12ll;It'--19,<l4
Cho,',d ;~~~,2-1
Cirtulor fr.un" t2:1()'11

H:dl~I;W
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