APPENDIX

SI Units:
Single-State
Properties

TABLE A.1

C onversion Factors
A rea (A)
1 mm2 = 1.0 106 m2
1 cm2 = 1.0 104 m2 = 0.1550 in.2
1 m2 = 10.7639 ft2

1 ft2 = 144 in.2

1 in.2 = 6.4516 cm2 = 6.4516 104 m2
1 ft2 = 0.092 903 m2

C onductivity (k)
1 W /m-K = 1 J /s-m-K
= 0.577 789 B tu/h-ft- R

1 B tu/h-ft-R = 1.730 735 W /m-K

Density ()
1 kg/m3 = 0.06242797 lbm/ft3
1 g/cm3 = 1000 kg/m3
1 g/cm3 = 1 kg/L
E nergy (E , U )
1J
= 1 N -m = 1 kg-m2 /s2
1J
= 0.737 562 lbf-ft
1 cal (Int.) = 4.18681 J
1 erg
1 eV

= 1.0 107 J
= 1.602 177 33 1019 J

Force (F )
1 N = 0.224809 lbf
1 kp = 9.80665 N (1 kgf)

1 lbm/ft3 = 16.018 46 kg/m3

l lbf-ft = 1.355 818 J

= 1.28507 103 B tu
1 B tu (Int.) = 1.055 056 kJ
= 778.1693 lbf-ft

1 lbf = 4.448 222 N

G ravitation
g = 9.80665 m/s2

g = 32.17405 ft/s2

H eat capacity (C p , C v , C ), specic entropy (s)

1 kJ /kg-K = 0.238 846 B tu/lbm- R

1 B tu/lbm- R = 4.1868 kJ /kg-K

H eat ux (per unit area)

1 W /m2 = 0.316 998 B tu/h-ft2

1 B tu/h-ft2 = 3.15459 W /m2

755

756

APPENDIX A SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES

TABLE A.1 (continued )

C onversion Factors

H eat-transfer coefcient (h)

1 W /m2 -K = 0.176 11 B tu/h-ft2 - R

1 B tu/h-ft2 - R = 5.67826 W /m2 -K

L ength (L )
1 mm = 0.001 m = 0.1 cm
1 cm = 0.01 m = 10 mm = 0.3970 in.
1 m = 3.28084 ft = 39.370 in.
1 km = 0.621 371 mi
1 mi = 1609.3 m (U S statute)

1 ft = 12 in.
1 in. = 2.54 cm = 0.0254 m
1 ft = 0.3048 m
1 mi = 1.609344 km
1 yd = 0.9144 m

M ass (m)
1 kg = 2.204 623 lbm
1 tonne = 1000 kg
1 grain = 6.47989 105 kg

1 lbm = 0.453 592 kg

1 slug = 14.5939 kg
1 ton = 2000 lbm

M oment (torque, T )
1 N -m = 0.737 562 lbf-ft

1 lbf-ft = 1.355 818 N -m

M omentum (mV )
1 kg-m/s = 7.232 94 lbm-ft/s
= 0.224809 lbf-s
Power ( Q, W )
1W

1 lbm-ft/s = 0.138 256 kg-m/s

= 1 J /s = 1 N -m/s
= 0.737 562 lbf-ft/s
= 3412.14 B tu/h
IkW
1 hp (metric) = 0.735 499 kW

1 lbf-ft/s

1 ton of
refrigeration = 3.516 85 kW

1 ton of
refrigeration = 12 000 B tu/h

Pressure (P)
1 Pa
1 bar
1 arm

= 1 N /m2 = 1 kg/m-s2
= 1.0 105 Pa = 100 kPa
= 101.325 kPa
= 1.01325 bar
= 760 mm H g [0 C ]
= 10.332 56 m H 2 O [4 C ]
1 torr
= 1 mm H g [0 C ]

1 mm H g [0 C ] = 0.133 322 kPa

1 m H 2 O [4 C ] = 9.806 38 kPa

Specic energy (e, u)

1 kJ /kg = 0.42992 B tu/lbm
= 334.55 lbf-ft/lbm

1 B tu/s
1 hp (U K )

=1.355 818 W
= 4.626 24 B tu/h
= 1.055 056 kW
= 0.7457 kW
= 550 lbf-ft/s
= 2544.43 B tu/h

1 lbf/in.2

= 6.894 757 kPa

1 atm

= 14.695 94 lbf/in.2
= 29.921 in. H g [32 F]
= 33.899 5 ft H 2 O [4 C ]

1 in. H g [0 C ] = 0.49115 lbf/in.2

1 in. H 2 O [4 C ] = 0.036126 lbf/in.2
1 B tu/lbm = 2.326 kJ /kg
1 lbf-ft/lbm = 2.98907 103 kJ /kg
= 1.28507 103 B tu/lbm

APPENDIX A SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES

TABLE A.1 (continued )

C onversion Factors

Specic kinetic energy ( 12 V2)

1 m2 /s2 = 0.001 kJ /kg
1 kJ /kg = 1000 m2 /s2
Specic potential energy (Zg)
1 m-g std = 9.80665 103 kJ /kg
= 4.21607 103 B tu/lbm

1 ft2 /s2
= 3.9941 105 B tu/lbm
1 B tu/lbm = 25037 ft2 /s2
l ft-g std = 1.0 lbf-ft/lbm
= 0.001285 B tu/lbm
= 0.002989 kJ /kg

Specic volume (v)

1 cm3 /g = 0.001 m3 /kg
1 cm3 /g = 1 L /kg
1 m3 /kg = 16.01846 ft3 /lbm

1 ft3 /lbm = 0.062 428 m3 /kg

Temperature (T )
1 K = 1 C = 1.8 R = 1.8 F
T C = T K 273.15
= (T F 32)/1.8
T K = T R /1.8

1 R = (5/9) K
T F = T R 459.67
= 1.8 T C + 32
T R = 1.8 T K

Universal G as C onstant
R = N 0 k = 8.31451 kJ /kmol-K
= 1.98589 kcal/kmol-K
= 82.0578 atm-L /kmol-K

R = 1.98589 B tu/lbmol-R
= 1545.36 lbf-ft/lbmol-R
= 0.73024 atm-ft3 /lbmol-R
= 10.7317 (lbf/in.2 )-ft3 /lbmol-R

Velcoity (V)
1 m/s = 3.6 km/h
= 3.28084 ft/s
= 2.23694 mi/h
1 km/h = 0.27778 m/s
= 0.91134 ft/s
= 0.62137 mi/h

1 ft/s = 0.681818 mi/h

= 0.3048 m/s
= 1.09728 km/h
1 mi/h = 1.46667 ft/s
= 0.44704 m/s
= 1.609344 km/h

Volume (V )
1 m3
= 35.3147 ft3
1L
= 1 dm3 = 0.001 m3
1 G al (U S) = 3.785 412 L
= 3.785 412 103 m3

1 ft3
= 2.831 685 102 m3
3
1 in.
= 1.6387 105 m3
1 G al (U K ) = 4.546 090 L
1 G al (U S) = 231.00 in.3

757

758

APPENDIX A SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES

TABLE A.2

C ritical C onstants
Substance

Formula

M olec.
M ass

Temp.
(K )

Press.
(M Pa)

Vol.
(m3/kg)

A mmonia
A rgon
B romine
C arbon dioxide
C arbon monoxide
C hlorine
Fluorine
H elium
H ydrogen (normal)
K rypton
N eon
N itric oxide
N itrogen
N itrogen dioxide
N itrous oxide
Oxygen
Sulfur dioxide
Water
X enon
A cetylene
B enzene
n-B utane
C hlorodiuoroethane (142b)
C hlorodiuoromethane (22)
D ichlorouoroethane (141)
D ichlorotriuoroethane (123)
D iuoroethane (152a)
D iuoromethane (32)
E thane
E thyl alcohol
E thylene
n-H eptane
n-H exane
M ethane
M ethyl alcohol
n-Octane
Pentauoroethane (125)
n-Pentane
Propane

NH3
Ar
B r2
CO2
CO
C 12
F2
He
H2
Kr
Ne
NO
N2
NO2
N 2O
O2
SO 2
H 2O
Xe
C 2H 2
C 6H 6
C 4 H 10
C H 3 C C lF 2
C H C lF 2
C H 3C C l2F
C H C l 2C F 3
C H F 2C H 3
C F 2H 2
C 2H 6
C 2 H 5 OH
C 2H 4
C 7 H 16
C 6 H 14
CH4
C H 3 OH
C 8 H 18
C H F 2C F 3
C 5 H 12
C 3H 8

17.031
39.948
159.808
44.01
28.01
70.906
37.997
4.003
2.016
83.80
20.183
30.006
28.013
46.006
44.013
31.999
64.063
18.015
131.30
26.038
78.114
58.124
100.495
86.469
116.95
152.93
66.05
52.024
30.070
46.069
28.054
100.205
86.178
16.043
32.042
114.232
120.022
72.151
44.094

405.5
150.8
588
304.1
132.9
416.9
144.3
5.19
33.2
209.4
44.4
180
126.2
431
309.6
154.6
430.8
647.3
289.7
308.3
562.2
425.2
410.3
369.3
481.5
456.9
386.4
351.3
305.4
513.9
282.4
540.3
507.5
190.4
512.6
568.8
339.2
469.7
369.8

11.35
4.87
10.30
7.38
3.50
7.98
5.22
0.227
1.30
5.50
2.76
6.48
3.39
10.1
7.24
5.04
7.88
22.12
5.84
6.14
4.89
3.80
4.25
4.97
4.54
3.66
4.52
5.78
4.88
6.14
5.04
2.74
3.01
4.60
8.09
2.49
3.62
3.37
4.25

0.00426
0.00188
0.000796
0.00212
0.00333
0.00175
0.00174
0.0143
0.0323
0.00109
0.00206
0.00192
0.0032
0.00365
0.00221
0.00229
0.00191
0.00317
0.000902
0.00433
0.00332
0.00439
0.00230
0.00191
0.00215
0.00182
0.00272
0.00236
0.00493
0.00363
0.00465
0.00431
0.00429
0.00615
0.00368
0.00431
0.00176
0.00421
0.00454

Propene
R efrigerant mixture
Tetrauoroethane (134a)

C 3H 6
R -410a
C F 3C H 2F

42.081
72.585
102.03

364.9
344.5
374.2

4.60
4.90
4.06

0.00430
0.00218
0.00197

APPENDIX A SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES

TABLE A.3

TABLE A.4

Properties of Selected Solids at 25 C

Properties of Some L iquids at 25 C

Substance
A sphalt
B rick, common
C arbon, diamond
C arbon, graphite
C oal
C oncrete
G lass, plate
G lass, wool
G ranite
Ice (0 C )
Paper
Plexiglass
Polystyrene
Polyvinyl chloride
R ubber, soft
Sand, dry
Salt, rock
Silicon
Snow, rm
Wood, hard (oak)
Wood, soft (pine)
Wool
M etals
A luminum
B rass, 60 40
C opper, commercial
G old
Iron, cast
Iron, 304 St Steel
L ead
M agnesium, 2% M n
N ickel, 10% C r
Silver, 99.9% A g
Sodium
Tin
Tungsten
Zinc

(kg/m3)
2120
1800
3250
2000 2500
1200 1500
2200
2500
20
2750
917
700
1180
920
1380
1100
1500
2100 2500
2330
560
720
510
100
2700
8400
8300
19300
7272
7820
11340
1778
8666
10524
971
7304
19300
7144

Cp
(kJ /kg-K )
0.92
0.84
0.51
0.61
1.26
0.88
0.80
0.66
0.89
2.04
1.2
1.44
2.3
0.96
1.67
0.8
0.92
0.70
2.1
1.26
1.38
1.72
0.90
0.38
0.42
0.13
0.42
0.46
0.13
1.00
0.44
0.24
1.21
0.22
0.13
0.39

Cp
(kJ /kg-K )

Substance

(kg/m3)

A mmonia
B enzene
B utane
C C l4
CO2
E thanol
G asoline
G lycerine
K erosene
M ethanol
n-Octane
Oil engine
Oil light
Propane
R -12
R -22
R -32
R -125
R -134a
R -410a
Water

604
879
556
1584
680
783
750
1260
815
787
692
885
910
510
1310
1190
961
1191
1206
1059
997

4.84
1.72
2.47
0.83
2.9
2.46
2.08
2.42
2.0
2.55
2.23
1.9
1.8
2.54
0.97
1.26
1.94
1.41
1.43
1.69
4.18

10040
10660
13580
887
828
929
6950
6570

0.14
0.16
0.14
1.13
0.81
1.38
0.24
0.50

L iquid metals
B ismuth, B i
L ead, Pb
M ercury, H g
N aK (56/44)
Potassium, K
Sodium, N a
Tin, Sn
Zinc, Zn
Or

T melt if higher.

759

760

APPENDIX A SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES

TABLE A.5

Properties of Various I deal G ases at 25 C , 100 kPa (SI U nits)

G as

C hemical
Formula

M olecular
M ass (kg/kmol)

R
(kJ /kg-K )

(kg/m3)

C p0
(kJ /kg-K )

C v0
(kJ /kg-K )

k=

Steam
A cetylene
A ir
A mmonia
A rgon
B utane
C arbon dioxide
C arbon monoxide
E thane
E thanol
E thylene
H elium
H ydrogen
M ethane
M ethanol
N eon
N itric oxide
N itrogen
N itrous oxide
n-Octane
Oxygen
Propane
R -12
R -22
R -32
R -125
R -134a
Sulfur dioxide
Sulfur trioxide

H 2O
C 2H 2

NH3
Ar
C 4 H 10
CO2
CO
C 2H 6
C 2 H 5 OH
C 2H 4
He
H2
CH4
C H 3 OH
Ne
NO
N2
N 2O
C 8 H 18
O2
C 3H 8
C C l2F 2
C H C lF 2
C F 2H 2
C H F 2C F 3
C F 3C H 2F
SO 2
SO 3

18.015
26.038
28.97
17.031
39.948
58.124
44.01
28.01
30.07
46.069
28.054
4.003
2.016
16.043
32.042
20.183
30.006
28.013
44.013
114.23
31.999
44.094
120.914
86.469
52.024
120.022
102.03
64.059
80.053

0.4615
0.3193
0.287
0.4882
0.2081
0.1430
0.1889
0.2968
0.2765
0.1805
0.2964
2.0771
4.1243
0.5183
0.2595
0.4120
0.2771
0.2968
0.1889
0.07279
0.2598
0.1886
0.06876
0.09616
0.1598
0.06927
0.08149
0.1298
0.10386

0.0231
1.05
1.169
0.694
1.613
2.407
1.775
1.13
1.222
1.883
1.138
0.1615
0.0813
0.648
1.31
0.814
1.21
1.13
1.775
0.092
1.292
1.808
4.98
3.54
2.125
4.918
4.20
2.618
3.272

1.872
1.699
1.004
2.130
0.520
1.716
0.842
1.041
1.766
1.427
1.548
5.193
14.209
2.254
1.405
1.03
0.993
1.042
0.879
1.711
0.922
1.679
0.616
0.658
0.822
0.791
0.852
0.624
0.635

1.410
1.380
0.717
1.642
0.312
1.573
0.653
0.744
1.490
1.246
1.252
3.116
10.085
1.736
1.146
0.618
0.716
0.745
0.690
1.638
0.662
1.490
0.547
0.562
0.662
0.722
0.771
0.494
0.531

1.327
1.231
1.400
1.297
1.667
1.091
1.289
1.399
1.186
1.145
1.237
1.667
1.409
1.299
1.227
1.667
1.387
1.400
1.274
1.044
1.393
1.126
1.126
1.171
1.242
1.097
1.106
1.263
1.196

Or

saturation pressure if it is less than 100 kPa.

Cp
Cv

APPENDIX A SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES

761

TABLE A.6

C onstant-Pressure Specic H eats of Various I deal G ases

G as

C 0 = C 0 + C 1 + C 2 2 + C 3 3

Steam
A cetylene
A ir
A mmonia
A rgon
B utane
C arbon dioxide
C arbon monoxide
E thane
E thanol
E thylene
H elium
H ydrogen
M ethane
M ethanol
N eon
N itric oxide
N itrogen
N itrous oxide
n-Octane
Oxygen
Propane
R -12
R -22
R -32
R -125
R -134a
Sulfur dioxide
Sulfur trioxide
A pproximate forms valid
Formula limited

(kJ /kg K )

= T (K elvin)/1000

Formula

C0

C1

C2

C3

H 2O
C 2H 2

NH3
Ar
C 4 H 10
CO2
CO
C 2H 6
C 2 H 5 OH
C 2H 4
He
H2
CH4
C H 3 OH
Ne
NO
N2
N 2O
C 8 H 18
O2
C 3H 8
C C l2F 2
C H C lF 2
C F 2H 2
C H F 2C F 3
C F 3C H 2F
SO 2
SO 3

1.79
1.03
1.05
1.60
0.52
0.163
0.45
1.10
0.18
0.2
0.136
5.193
13.46
1.2
0.66
1.03
0.98
1.11
0.49
0.053
0.88
0.096
0.26
0.2
0.227
0.305
0.165
0.37
0.24

0.107
2.91
0.365
1.4
0
5.70
1.67
0.46
5.92
4.65
5.58
0
4.6
3.25
2.21
0
0.031
0.48
1.65
6.75
0.0001
6.95
1.47
1.87
2.27
1.68
2.81
1.05
1.7

0.586
1.92
0.85
1.0
0
1.906
1.27
1.0
2.31
1.82
3.0
0
6.85
0.75
0.81
0
0.325
0.96
1.31
3.67
0.54
3.6
1.25
1.35
0.93
0.284
2.23
0.77
1.5

0.20
0.54
0.39
0.7
0
0.049
0.39
0.454
0.29
0.03
0.63
0
3.79
0.71
0.89
0
0.14
0.42
0.42
0.775
0.33
0.73
0.36
0.35
0.041
0
1.11
0.21
0.46

from 250 K to 1200 K .

to maximum 500 K .

762

APPENDIX A SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES

TABLE A7.1

I deal-G as Properties of Air, Standard E ntropy at 0.1-M Pa (1-Bar) Pressure

T
(K )

u
(kJ /kg)

h
(kJ /kg)

s0T
(kJ /kg-K )

T
(K )

u
(kJ /kg)

h
(kJ /kg)

s0T
(kJ /kg-K )

200
220
240
260
280
290
298.15
300
320
340
360
380
400
420
440
460
480
500
520
540
560
580
600
620
640
660
680
700
720
740
760
780
800
850
900
950
1000
1050
1100

142.77
157.07
171.38
185.70
200.02
207.19
213.04
214.36
228.73
243.11
257.53
271.99
286.49
301.04
315.64
330.31
345.04
359.84
374.73
389.69
404.74
419.87
435.10
450.42
465.83
481.34
496.94
512.64
528.44
544.33
560.32
576.40
592.58
633.42
674.82
716.76
759.19
802.10
845.45

200.17
220.22
240.27
260.32
280.39
290.43
298.62
300.47
320.58
340.70
360.86
381.06
401.30
421.59
441.93
462.34
482.81
503.36
523.98
544.69
565.47
586.35
607.32
628.38
649.53
670.78
692.12
713.56
735.10
756.73
778.46
800.28
822.20
877.40
933.15
989.44
1046.22
1103.48
1161.18

6.46260
6.55812
6.64535
6.72562
6.79998
6.83521
6.86305
6.86926
6.93413
6.99515
7.05276
7.10735
7.15926
7.20875
7.25607
7.30142
7.34499
7.38692
7.42736
7.46642
7.50422
7.54084
7.57638
7.61090
7.64448
7.67717
7.70903
7.74010
7.77044
7.80008
7.82905
7.85740
7.88514
7.95207
8.01581
8.07667
8.13493
8.19081
8.24449

1100
1150
1200
1250
1300
1350
1400
1450
1500
1550
1600
1650
1700
1750
1800
1850
1900
1950
2000
2050
2100
2150
2200
2250
2300
2350
2400
2450
2500
2550
2600
2650
2700
2750
2800
2850
2900
2950
3000

845.45
889.21
933.37
977.89
1022.75
1067.94
1113.43
1159.20
1205.25
1251.55
1298.08
1344.83
1391.80
1438.97
1486.33
1533.87
1581.59
1629.47
1677.52
1725.71
1774.06
1822.54
1871.16
1919.91
1968.79
2017.79
2066.91
2116.14
2165.48
2214.93
2264.48
2314.13
2363.88
2413.73
2463.66
2513.69
2563.80
2613.99
2664.27

1161.18
1219.30
1277.81
1336.68
1395.89
1455.43
1515.27
1575.40
1635.80
1696.45
1757.33
1818.44
1879.76
1941.28
2002.99
2064.88
2126.95
2189.19
2251.58
2314.13
2376.82
2439.66
2502.63
2565.73
2628.96
2692.31
2755.78
2819.37
2883.06
2946.86
3010.76
3074.77
3138.87
3203.06
3267.35
3331.73
3396.19
3460.73
3525.36

8.24449
8.29616
8.34596
8.39402
8.44046
8.48539
8.52891
8.57111
8.61208
8.65185
8.69051
8.72811
8.76472
8.80039
8.83516
8.86908
8.90219
8.93452
8.96611
8.99699
9.02721
9.05678
9.08573
9.11409
9.14189
9.16913
9.19586
9.22208
9.24781
9.27308
9.29790
9.32228
9.34625
9.36980
9.39297
9.41576
9.43818
9.46025
9.48198

APPENDIX A SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES

763

TABLE A7.2

T he I sentropic Relative Pressure and Relative Volume F unctions

T [K ]

Pr

vr

T [K ]

Pr

vr

T [K ]

200
220
240
260
280
290
298.15
300
320
340
360
380
400
420
440
460
480
500
520
540
560
580
600
620
640
660
680
700

0.2703
0.3770
0.5109
0.6757
0.8756
0.9899
1.0907
1.1146
1.3972
1.7281
2.1123
2.5548
3.0612
3.6373
4.2892
5.0233
5.8466
6.7663
7.7900
8.9257
10.182
11.568
13.092
14.766
16.598
18.600
20.784
23.160

493.47
389.15
313.27
256.58
213.26
195.36
182.29
179.49
152.73
131.20
113.65
99.188
87.137
77.003
68.409
61.066
54.748
49.278
44.514
40.344
36.676
33.436
30.561
28.001
25.713
23.662
21.818
20.155

700
720
740
760
780
800
850
900
950
1000
1050
1100
1150
1200
1250
1300
1350
1400
1450
1500
1550
1600
1650
1700
1750
1800
1850
1900

23.160
25.742
28.542
31.573
34.851
38.388
48.468
60.520
74.815
91.651
111.35
134.25
160.73
191.17
226.02
265.72
310.74
361.62
418.89
483.16
554.96
634.97
723.86
822.33
931.14
1051.05
1182.9
1327.5

20.155
18.652
17.289
16.052
14.925
13.897
11.695
9.9169
8.4677
7.2760
6.2885
5.4641
4.7714
4.1859
3.6880
3.2626
2.8971
2.5817
2.3083
2.0703
1.8625
1.6804
1.52007
1.37858
1.25330
1.14204
1.04294
0.95445

1900
1950
2000
2050
2100
2150
2200
2250
2300
2350
2400
2450
2500
2550
2600
2650
2700
2750
2800
2850
2900
2950
3000

Pr
1327.5
1485.8
1658.6
1847.1
2052.1
2274.8
2516.2
2777.5
3059.9
3364.6
3693.0
4046.2
4425.8
4833.0
5269.5
5736.7
6236.2
6769.7
7338.7
7945.1
8590.7
9277.2
10007

vr
0.95445
0.87521
0.80410
0.74012
0.68242
0.63027
0.58305
0.54020
0.50124
0.46576
0.43338
0.40378
0.37669
0.35185
0.32903
0.30805
0.28872
0.27089
0.25443
0.23921
0.22511
0.21205
0.19992

T he relative pressure and relative volume are temperature functions calculated with two
scaling constants A 1 , A 2 .
P r = exp[sT0 /R A 1 ];
such that for an isentropic process (s1 = s2 )
0
 C p /R
P2
Pr 2
e ST 2 /R
T2
=
= S 0 /R
T1
P1
Pr 1
T
1
e

v r = A 2 T /P r

and

v2
vr 2
=

v1
vr 1

T1
T2

C v /R

where the near equalities are for the constant heat capacity approximation.

764

APPENDIX A SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES

TABLE A.8

I deal-G as Properties of Various Substances, E ntropies at 0.1-M Pa (1-Bar) Pressure,

M ass Basis
Nitrogen, Diatomic (N 2)
R = 0.2968 kJ /kg-K
M = 28.013 kg/kmol

Oxygen, Diatomic (O 2)
R = 0.2598 kJ /kg-K
M = 31.999 kg/kmol

T
(K )

u
(kJ /kg)

h
(kJ /kg)

s0T
(kJ /kg-K )

u
(kJ /kg)

h
(kJ /kg)

s0T
(kJ /kg-K )

200
250
300
350
400
450
500
550
600
650
700
750
800
850
900
950
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
1600
1700
1800
1900
2000
2100
2200
2300
2400
2500
2600
2700
2800
2900
3000

148.39
185.50
222.63
259.80
297.09
334.57
372.35
410.52
449.16
488.34
528.09
568.45
609.41
650.98
693.13
735.85
779.11
867.14
957.00
1048.46
1141.35
1235.50
1330.72
1426.89
1523.90
1621.66
1720.07
1819.08
1918.62
2018.63
2119.08
2219.93
2321.13
2422.66
2524.50
2626.62
2729.00

207.75
259.70
311.67
363.68
415.81
468.13
520.75
573.76
627.24
681.26
735.86
791.05
846.85
903.26
960.25
1017.81
1075.91
1193.62
1313.16
1434.31
1556.87
1680.70
1805.60
1931.45
2058.15
2185.58
2313.68
2442.36
2571.58
2701.28
2831.41
2961.93
3092.81
3224.03
3355.54
3487.34
3619.41

6.4250
6.6568
6.8463
7.0067
7.1459
7.2692
7.3800
7.4811
7.5741
7.6606
7.7415
7.8176
7.8897
7.9581
8.0232
8.0855
8.1451
8.2572
8.3612
8.4582
8.5490
8.6345
8.7151
8.7914
8.8638
8.9327
8.9984
9.0612
9.1213
9.1789
9.2343
9.2876
9.3389
9.3884
9.4363
9.4825
9.5273

129.84
162.41
195.20
228.37
262.10
296.52
331.72
367.70
404.46
441.97
480.18
519.02
558.46
598.44
638.90
679.80
721.11
804.80
889.72
975.72
1062.67
1150.48
1239.10
1328.49
1418.63
1509.50
1601.10
1693.41
1786.44
1880.17
1974.60
2069.71
2165.50
2261.94
2359.01
2546.70
2554.97

181.81
227.37
273.15
319.31
366.03
413.45
461.63
510.61
560.36
610.86
662.06
713.90
766.33
819.30
872.75
926.65
980.95
1090.62
1201.53
1313.51
1426.44
1540.23
1654.83
1770.21
1886.33
2003.19
2120.77
2239.07
2358.08
2477.79
2598.20
2719.30
2841.07
2963.49
3086.55
3210.22
3334.48

6.0466
6.2499
6.4168
6.5590
6.6838
6.7954
6.8969
6.9903
7.0768
7.1577
7.2336
7.3051
7.3728
7.4370
7.4981
7.5564
7.6121
7.7166
7.8131
7.9027
7.9864
8.0649
8.1389
8.2088
8.2752
8.3384
8.3987
8.4564
8.5117
8.5650
8.6162
8.6656
8.7134
8.7596
8.8044
8.8478
8.8899

APPENDIX A SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES

765

TABLE A.8 (continued )

I deal-G as Properties of Various Substances, E ntropies at 0.1-M Pa (1-Bar) Pressure,
M ass Basis

Nitrogen, Diatomic (C O 2)
R = 0.1889 kJ /kg-K
M = 44.010 kg/kmol

Water (H 2O)
R = 0.4615 kJ /kg-K
M = 18.015 kg/kmol

T
(K )

u
(kJ /kg)

h
(kJ /kg)

s0T
(kJ /kg-K )

u
(kJ /kg)

h
(kJ /kg)

s0T
(kJ /kg-K )

200
250
300
350
400
450
500
550
600
650
700
750
800
850
900
950
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
1600
1700
1800
1900
2000
2100
2200
2300
2400
2500
2600
2700
2800
2900
3000

97.49
126.21
157.70
191.78
228.19
266.69
307.06
349.12
392.72
437.71
483.97
531.40
579.89
629.35
676.69
730.85
782.75
888.55
996.64
1106.68
1218.38
1331.50
1445.85
1561.26
1677.61
1794.78
1912.67
2031.21
2150.34
2270.00
2390.14
2510.74
2631.73
2753.10
2874.81
2996.84
3119.18

135.28
173.44
214.38
257.90
303.76
351.70
401.52
453.03
506.07
560.51
616.22
673.09
731.02
789.93
849.72
910.33
971.67
1096.36
1223.34
1352.28
1482.87
1614.88
1748.12
1882.43
2017.67
2153.73
2290.51
2427.95
2565.97
2704.52
2843.55
2983.04
3122.93
3263.19
3403.79
3544.71
3685.95

4.5439
4.7139
4.8631
4.9972
5.1196
5.2325
5.3375
5.4356
5.5279
5.6151
5.6976
5.7761
5.8508
5.9223
5.9906
6.0561
6.1190
6.2379
6.3483
6.4515
6.5483
6.6394
6.7254
6.8068
6.8841
6.9577
7.0278
7.0949
7.1591
7.2206
7.2798
7.3368
7.3917
7.4446
7.4957
7.5452
7.5931

276.38
345.98
415.87
486.37
557.79
630.40
704.36
779.79
856.75
935.31
1015.49
1097.35
1180.90
1266.19
1353.23
1442.03
1532.61
1719.05
1912.42
2112.47
2318.89
2531.28
2749.24
2972.35
3200.17
3432.28
3668.24
3908.08
4151.28
4397.56
4646.71
4898.49
5152.73
5409.24
5667.86
5928.44
6190.86

368.69
461.36
554.32
647.90
742.40
838.09
935.12
1033.63
1133.67
1235.30
1338.56
1443.49
1550.13
1658.49
1768.60
1880.48
1994.13
2226.73
2466.25
2712.46
2965.03
3223.57
3487.69
3756.95
4030.92
4309.18
4591.30
4877.29
5166.64
5459.08
5754.37
6052.31
6352.70
6655.36
6960.13
7266.87
7575.44

9.7412
10.1547
10.4936
10.7821
11.0345
11.2600
11.4644
11.6522
11.8263
11.9890
12.1421
12.2868
12.4244
12.5558
12.6817
12.8026
12.9192
13.1408
13.3492
13.5462
13.7334
13.9117
14.0822
14.2454
14.4020
14.5524
14.6971
14.8366
14.9712
15.1012
15.2269
15.3485
15.4663
15.5805
15.6914
15.7990
15.9036

766

APPENDIX A SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES

TABLE A.9

I deal-G as Properties of Various Substances (SI U nits), E ntropies at 0.1-M Pa (1-Bar)

Pressure, M ole Basis
Nitrogen, Diatomic (N 2)
0
h f ,298 = 0 kJ /kmol
M = 28.013 kg/kmol
0

Nitrogen, M onatomic (N)

0
h f ,298 = 472 680 kJ /kmol
M = 14.007 kg/kmol
0

T
K

h 298)
(h
kJ /kmol

s0T
kJ /kmol K

h 298)
(h
kJ /kmol

s0T
kJ /kmol

0
100
200
298
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
1600
1700
1800
1900
2000
2200
2400
2600
2800
3000
3200
3400
3600
3800
4000
4400
4800
5200
5600
6000

8670
5768
2857
0
54
2971
5911
8894
11937
15046
18223
21463
24760
28109
31503
34936
38405
41904
45430
48979
52549
56137
63362
70640
77963
85323
92715
100134
107577
115042
122526
130027
145078
160188
175352
190572
205848

0
159.812
179.985
191.609
191.789
200.181
206.740
212.177
216.865
221.016
224.757
228.171
231.314
234.227
236.943
239.487
241.881
244.139
246.276
248.304
250.234
252.075
255.518
258.684
261.615
264.342
266.892
269.286
271.542
273.675
275.698
277.622
281.209
284.495
287.530
290.349
292.984

6197
4119
2040
0
38
2117
4196
6274
8353
10431
12510
14589
16667
18746
20825
22903
24982
27060
29139
31218
33296
35375
39534
43695
47860
52033
56218
60420
64646
68902
73194
77532
86367
95457
104843
114550
124590

0
130.593
145.001
153.300
153.429
159.409
164.047
167.837
171.041
173.816
176.265
178.455
180.436
182.244
183.908
185.448
186.883
188.224
189.484
190.672
191.796
192.863
194.845
196.655
198.322
199.868
201.311
202.667
203.948
205.164
206.325
207.437
209.542
211.519
213.397
215.195
216.926

APPENDIX A SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES

767

TABLE A.9 (continued )

I deal-G as Properties of Various Substances (SI U nits), E ntropies at 0.1-M Pa (1-Bar)
Pressure, M ole Basis

Oxygen, Diatomic (O 2)
0
h f ,298 = 0 kJ /kmol
M = 31.999 kg/kmol
0

Oxygen, M onatomic (O)

0
h f ,298 = 249 170 kJ /kmol
M = 16.00 kg/kmol
0

T
K

(h h 298)
kJ /kmol

s0T
kJ /kmol K

(h h 298)
kJ /kmol

s0T
kJ /kmol K

0
100
200
298
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
1600
1700
1800
1900
2000
2200
2400
2600
2800
3000
3200
3400
3600
3800
4000
4400
4800
5200
5600
6000

8683
5777
2868
0
54
3027
6086
9245
12499
15836
19241
22703
26212
29761
33345
36958
40600
44267
47959
51674
55414
59176
66770
74453
82225
90080
98013
106022
114101
122245
130447
138705
155374
172240
189312
206618
224210

0
173.308
193.483
205.148
205.329
213.873
220.693
226.450
231.465
235.920
239.931
243.579
246.923
250.011
252.878
255.556
258.068
260.434
262.673
264.797
266.819
268.748
272.366
275.708
278.818
281.729
284.466
287.050
289.499
291.826
294.043
296.161
300.133
303.801
307.217
310.423
313.457

6725
4518
2186
0
41
2207
4343
6462
8570
10671
12767
14860
16950
19039
21126
23212
25296
27381
29464
31547
33630
35713
39878
44045
48216
52391
56574
60767
64971
69190
73424
77675
86234
94873
103592
112391
121264

0
135.947
152.153
161.059
161.194
167.431
172.198
176.060
179.310
182.116
184.585
186.790
188.783
190.600
192.270
193.816
195.254
196.599
197.862
199.053
200.179
201.247
203.232
205.045
206.714
208.262
209.705
211.058
212.332
213.538
214.682
215.773
217.812
219.691
221.435
223.066
224.597

768

APPENDIX A SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES

TABLE A.9 (continued )

I deal-G as Properties of Various Substances (SI U nits), E ntropies at 0.1-M Pa (1-Bar)
Pressure, M ole Basis

C arbon Dioxide (C O 2)
0
h f ,298 = 393 522 kJ /kmol
M = 44.01 kg/kmol
0

C arbon M onoxide (C O)
0
h f ,298 = 110 527 kJ /kmol
M = 28.01 kg/kmol
0

T
K

(h h 298)
kJ /kmol

s0T
kJ /kmol K

(h h 298)
kJ /kmol

s0T
kJ /kmol K

0
100
200
298
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
1600
1700
1800
1900
2000
2200
2400
2600
2800
3000
3200
3400
3600
3800
4000
4400
4800
5200
5600
6000

9364
6457
3413
0
69
4003
8305
12906
17754
22806
28030
33397
38885
44473
50148
55895
61705
67569
73480
79432
85420
91439
103562
115779
128074
140435
152853
165321
177836
190394
202990
215624
240992
266488
292112
317870
343782

0
179.010
199.976
213.794
214.024
225.314
234.902
243.284
250.752
257.496
263.646
269.299
274.528
279.390
283.931
288.190
292.199
295.984
299.567
302.969
306.207
309.294
315.070
320.384
325.307
329.887
334.170
338.194
341.988
345.576
348.981
352.221
358.266
363.812
368.939
373.711
378.180

8671
5772
2860
0
54
2977
5932
8942
12021
15174
18397
21686
25031
28427
31867
35343
38852
42388
45948
49529
53128
56743
64012
71326
78679
86070
93504
100962
108440
115938
123454
130989
146108
161285
176510
191782
207105

0
165.852
186.024
197.651
197.831
206.240
212.833
218.321
223.067
227.277
231.074
234.538
237.726
240.679
243.431
246.006
248.426
250.707
252.866
254.913
256.860
258.716
262.182
265.361
268.302
271.044
273.607
276.012
278.279
280.422
282.454
284.387
287.989
291.290
294.337
297.167
299.809

APPENDIX A SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES

769

TABLE A.9 (continued )

I deal-G as Properties of Various Substances (SI U nits), E ntropies at 0.1-M Pa (1-Bar)
Pressure, M ole Basis

Water (H 2O)
0
h f ,298 = 241 826 kJ /kmol
M = 18.015 kg/kmol
0

H ydroxyl (OH )
0
h f ,298 = 38 987 kJ /kmol
M = 17.007 kg/kmol
0

T
K

(h h 298)
kJ /kmol

s0T
kJ /kmol K

(h h 298)
kJ /kmol

s0T
kJ /kmol K

0
100
200
298
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
1600
1700
1800
1900
2000
2200
2400
2600
2800
3000
3200
3400
3600
3800
4000
4400
4800
5200
5600
6000

9904
6617
3282
0
62
3450
6922
10499
14190
18002
21937
26000
30190
34506
38941
43491
48149
52907
57757
62693
67706
72788
83153
93741
104520
115463
126548
137756
149073
160484
171981
183552
206892
230456
254216
278161
302295

0
152.386
175.488
188.835
189.043
198.787
206.532
213.051
218.739
223.826
228.460
232.739
236.732
240.485
244.035
247.406
250.620
253.690
256.631
259.452
262.162
264.769
269.706
274.312
278.625
282.680
286.504
290.120
293.550
296.812
299.919
302.887
308.448
313.573
318.328
322.764
326.926

9172
6140
2975
0
55
3034
5991
8943
11902
14881
17889
20935
24024
27159
30340
33567
36838
40151
43502
46890
50311
53763
60751
67840
75018
82268
89585
96960
104388
111864
119382
126940
142165
157522
173002
188598
204309

0
149.591
171.592
183.709
183.894
192.466
199.066
204.448
209.008
212.984
216.526
219.735
222.680
225.408
227.955
230.347
232.604
234.741
236.772
238.707
240.556
242.328
245.659
248.743
251.614
254.301
256.825
259.205
261.456
263.592
265.625
267.563
271.191
274.531
277.629
280.518
283.227

770

APPENDIX A SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES

TABLE A.9 (continued )

I deal-G as Properties of Various Substances (SI U nits), E ntropies at 0.1-M Pa (1-Bar)
Pressure, M ole Basis

H ydrogen (H 2)
0
h f ,298 = 0 kJ /kmol
M = 2.016 kg/kmol
0

H ydrogen, M onatomic (H )
0
h f ,298 = 217 999 kJ /kmol
M = 1.008 kg/kmol
0

T
K

(h h 298)
kJ /kmol

s0T
kJ /kmol K

(h h 298)
kJ /kmol

s0T
kJ /kmol K

0
100
200
298
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
1600
1700
1800
1900
2000
2200
2400
2600
2800
3000
3200
3400
3600
3800
4000
4400
4800
5200
5600
6000

8467
5467
2774
0
53
2961
5883
8799
11730
14681
17657
20663
23704
26785
29907
33073
36281
39533
42826
46160
49532
52942
59865
66915
74082
81355
88725
96187
103736
111367
119077
126864
142658
158730
175057
191607
208332

0
100.727
119.410
130.678
130.856
139.219
145.738
151.078
155.609
159.554
163.060
166.225
169.121
171.798
174.294
176.637
178.849
180.946
182.941
184.846
186.670
188.419
191.719
194.789
197.659
200.355
202.898
205.306
207.593
209.773
211.856
213.851
217.612
221.109
224.379
227.447
230.322

6197
4119
2040
0
38
2117
4196
6274
8353
10431
12510
14589
16667
18746
20825
22903
24982
27060
29139
31218
33296
35375
39532
43689
47847
52004
56161
60318
64475
68633
72790
76947
85261
93576
101890
110205
118519

0
92.009
106.417
114.716
114.845
120.825
125.463
129.253
132.457
135.233
137.681
139.871
141.852
143.661
145.324
146.865
148.299
149.640
150.900
152.089
153.212
154.279
156.260
158.069
159.732
161.273
162.707
164.048
165.308
166.497
167.620
168.687
170.668
172.476
174.140
175.681
177.114

APPENDIX A SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES

771

TABLE A.9 (continued )

I deal-G as Properties of Various Substances (SI U nits), E ntropies at 0.1-M Pa (1-Bar)
Pressure, M ole Basis

Nitric Oxide (NO)

0
h f ,298 = 90 291 kJ /kmol
M = 30.006 kg/kmol
0

Nitrogen Dioxide (NO 2)

0
h f ,298 = 33 100 kJ /kmol
M = 46.005 kg/kmol
0

T
K

(h h 298)
kJ /kmol

s0T
kJ /kmol K

(h h 298)
kJ /kmol

0
100
200
298
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
1600
1700
1800
1900
2000
2200
2400
2600
2800
3000
3200
3400
3600
3800
4000
4400
4800
5200
5600
6000

9192
6073
2951
0
55
3040
6059
9144
12308
15548
18858
22229
25653
29120
32626
36164
39729
43319
46929
50557
54201
57859
65212
72606
80034
87491
94973
102477
110000
117541
125099
132671
147857
163094
178377
193703
209070

0
177.031
198.747
210.759
210.943
219.529
226.263
231.886
236.762
241.088
244.985
248.536
251.799
254.816
257.621
260.243
262.703
265.019
267.208
269.282
271.252
273.128
276.632
279.849
282.822
285.585
288.165
290.587
292.867
295.022
297.065
299.007
302.626
305.940
308.998
311.838
314.488

10186
6861
3495
0
68
3927
8099
12555
17250
22138
27180
32344
37606
42946
48351
53808
59309
64846
70414
76008
81624
87259
98578
109948
121358
132800
144267
155756
167262
178783
190316
201860
224973
248114
271276
294455
317648

s0T
kJ /kmol K
0
202.563
225.852
240.034
240.263
251.342
260.638
268.755
275.988
282.513
288.450
293.889
298.904
303.551
307.876
311.920
315.715
319.289
322.664
325.861
328.898
331.788
337.182
342.128
346.695
350.934
354.890
358.597
362.085
365.378
368.495
371.456
376.963
381.997
386.632
390.926
394.926

772

APPENDIX A SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES

TABLE A.10

E nthalpy of Formation and Absolute E ntropy of Various Substances at 25 C , 100 kPa

Pressure
Substance

Formula

M
kg/kmol

A cetylene
A mmonia
B enzene
C arbon dioxide
C arbon (graphite)
C arbon monoxide
E thane
E thene
E thanol
E thanol
H eptane
H exane
H ydrogen peroxide
M ethane
M ethanol
M ethanol
n-B utane
N itrogen oxide
N itromethane
n-Octane
n-Octane
Ozone
Pentane
Propane
Propene
Sulfur
Sulfur dioxide
Sulfur trioxide
T -T -D iesel
Water
Water

C 2H 2
NH3
C 6H 6
CO2
C
CO
C 2H 6
C 2H 4
C 2 H 5 OH
C 2 H 5 OH
C 7 H 16
C 6 H 14
H 2O 2
CH4
C H 3 OH
C H 3 OH
C 4 H 10
N 2O
C H 3N O 2
C 8 H 18
C 8 H 18
O3
C 5 H 12
C 3H 8
C 3H 6
S
SO 2
SO 3
C 14.4 H 24.9
H 2O
H 2O

26.038
17.031
78.114
44.010
12.011
28.011
30.070
28.054
46.069
46.069
100.205
86.178
34.015
16.043
32.042
32.042
58.124
44.013
61.04
114.232
114.232
47.998
72.151
44.094
42.081
32.06
64.059
80.058
198.06
18.015
18.015

State
gas
gas
gas
gas
solid
gas
gas
gas
gas
liq
gas
gas
gas
gas
gas
liq
gas
gas
liq
gas
liq
gas
gas
gas
gas
solid
gas
gas
liq
gas
liq

0
h f
kJ /kmol

+226 731
45 720
+82 980
393 522
0
110 527
84 740
+52 467
235 000
277 380
187 900
167 300
136 106
74 873
201 300
239 220
126 200
+82 050
113 100
208 600
250 105
+142 674
146 500
103 900
+20 430
0
296 842
395 765
174 000
241 826
285 830

s0f
kJ /kmol K
200.958
192.572
269.562
213.795
5.740
197.653
229.597
219.330
282.444
160.554
427.805
387.979
232.991
186.251
239.709
126.809
306.647
219.957
171.80
466.514
360.575
238.932
348.945
269.917
267.066
32.056
248.212
256.769
525.90
188.834
69.950

773

164.003
92.830
39.810
30.878
24.467
19.638
15.868
12.841
10.356
8.280
6.519
5.005
3.690
2.538
1.519
0.611
0.201
0.934
2.483
3.724
4.739
5.587

298
500
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
2200
2400
2600
2800
3000
3200
3400
3600
3800
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000

186.963
105.623
45.146
35.003
27.741
22.282
18.028
14.619
11.826
9.495
7.520
5.826
4.356
3.069
1.932
0.922
0.017
0.798
2.520
3.898
5.027
5.969

O2 
 2O
367.528
213.405
99.146
80.025
66.345
56.069
48.066
41.655
36.404
32.023
28.313
25.129
22.367
19.947
17.810
15.909
14.205
12.671
9.423
6.816
4.672
2.876

N2 
 2N
184.420
105.385
46.321
36.363
29.222
23.849
19.658
16.299
13.546
11.249
9.303
7.633
6.184
4.916
3.795
2.799
1.906
1.101
0.602
1.972
3.098
4.040

2H 2O 
 2H 2 + O 2
212.075
120.331
51.951
40.467
32.244
26.067
21.258
17.406
14.253
11.625
9.402
7.496
5.845
4.401
3.128
1.996
0.984
0.074
1.847
3.383
4.639
5.684

2H 2O 
 H 2 + 2OH
207.529
115.234
47.052
35.736
27.679
21.656
16.987
13.266
10.232
7.715
5.594
3.781
2.217
0.853
0.346
1.408
2.355
3.204
4.985
6.397
7.542
8.488

2C O 2 
 2C O + O 2
69.868
40.449
18.709
15.082
12.491
10.547
9.035
7.825
6.836
6.012
5.316
4.720
4.205
3.755
3.359
3.008
2.694
2.413
1.824
1.358
0.980
0.671

N2 + O 2 
 2NO

Source: C onsistent with thermodynamic data in J A NA F T hermochemical Tables, third edition, T hermal G roup, D ow C hemical U.S.A ., M idland, M I, 1985.

H2 
 2H

Temp K

For the reaction v A A + v B B 

 v C C + v D D , the equilibrium constant K is dened as
 
v
yC C y Dv D P v C +v D v A v B 0
K = vA vB
, P = 0.1 M Pa
P0
y A yB

L ogarithms to the Base e of the E quilibrium C onstant K

TABLE A.11

41.355
30.725
23.039
21.752
20.826
20.126
19.577
19.136
18.773
18.470
18.214
17.994
17.805
17.640
17.496
17.369
17.257
17.157
16.953
16.797
16.678
16.588

N 2 + 2O 2 
 2NO 2

APPENDIX

SI Units:
Thermodynamic
Tables

775

776

APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES

TABLE B.1

T hermodynamic Properties of Water

TABLE B.1.1

Saturated Water
Specic Volume, m3/kg

Internal E nergy, kJ /kg

Temp.
( C )

Press.
(kPa)

Sat. L iquid
vf

E vap.
vfg

Sat. Vapor
vg

Sat. L iquid
uf

E vap.
u fg

Sat. Vapor
ug

0.01
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
125
130
135
140
145
150
155
160
165
170
175
180
185
190

0.6113
0.8721
1.2276
1.705
2.339
3.169
4.246
5.628
7.384
9.593
12.350
15.758
19.941
25.03
31.19
38.58
47.39
57.83
70.14
84.55
101.3
120.8
143.3
169.1
198.5
232.1
270.1
313.0
361.3
415.4
475.9
543.1
617.8
700.5
791.7
892.0
1002.2
1122.7
1254.4

0.001000
0.001000
0.001000
0.001001
0.001002
0.001003
0.001004
0.001006
0.001008
0.001010
0.001012
0.001015
0.001017
0.001020
0.001023
0.001026
0.001029
0.001032
0.001036
0.001040
0.001044
0.001047
0.001052
0.001056
0.001060
0.001065
0.001070
0.001075
0.001080
0.001085
0.001090
0.001096
0.001102
0.001108
0.001114
0.001121
0.001127
0.001134
0.001141

206.131
147.117
106.376
77.924
57.7887
43.3583
32.8922
25.2148
19.5219
15.2571
12.0308
9.56734
7.66969
6.19554
5.04114
4.13021
3.40612
2.82654
2.35953
1.98082
1.67185
1.41831
1.20909
1.03552
0.89080
0.76953
0.66744
0.58110
0.50777
0.44524
0.39169
0.34566
0.30596
0.27158
0.24171
0.21568
0.19292
0.17295
0.15539

206.132
147.118
106.377
77.925
57.7897
43.3593
32.8932
25.2158
19.5229
15.2581
12.0318
9.56835
7.67071
6.19656
5.04217
4.13123
3.40715
2.82757
2.36056
1.98186
1.67290
1.41936
1.21014
1.03658
0.89186
0.77059
0.66850
0.58217
0.50885
0.44632
0.39278
0.34676
0.30706
0.27269
0.24283
0.21680
0.19405
0.17409
0.15654

0
20.97
41.99
62.98
83.94
104.86
125.77
146.65
167.53
188.41
209.30
230.19
251.09
272.00
292.93
313.87
334.84
355.82
376.82
397.86
418.91
440.00
461.12
482.28
503.48
524.72
546.00
567.34
588.72
610.16
631.66
653.23
674.85
696.55
718.31
740.16
762.08
784.08
806.17

2375.33
2361.27
2347.16
2333.06
2318.98
2304.90
2290.81
2276.71
2262.57
2248.40
2234.17
2219.89
2205.54
2191.12
2176.62
2162.03
2147.36
2132.58
2117.70
2102.70
2087.58
2072.34
2056.96
2041.44
2025.76
2009.91
1993.90
1977.69
1961.30
1944.69
1927.87
1910.82
1893.52
1875.97
1858.14
1840.03
1821.62
1802.90
1783.84

2375.33
2382.24
2389.15
2396.04
2402.91
2409.76
2416.58
2423.36
2430.11
2436.81
2443.47
2450.08
2456.63
2463.12
2469.55
2475.91
2482.19
2488.40
2494.52
2500.56
2506.50
2512.34
2518.09
2523.72
2529.24
2534.63
2539.90
2545.03
2550.02
2554.86
2559.54
2564.04
2568.37
2572.51
2576.46
2580.19
2583.70
2586.98
2590.01

APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES

777

TABLE B.1.1 (continued)

Saturated Water

E nthalpy, kJ /kg

E ntropy, kJ /kg-K

Temp.
( C )

Press.
(kPa)

Sat. L iquid
hf

E vap.
h fg

Sat. Vapor
hg

Sat. L iquid
sf

E vap.
sf g

Sat. Vapor
sg

0.01
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
125
130
135
140
145
150
155
160
165
170
175
180
185
190

0.6113
0.8721
1.2276
1.705
2.339
3.169
4.246
5.628
7.384
9.593
12.350
15.758
19.941
25.03
31.19
38.58
47.39
57.83
70.14
84.55
101.3
120.8
143.3
169.1
198.5
232.1
270.1
313.0
361.3
415.4
475.9
543.1
617.8
700.5
791.7
892.0
1002.2
1122.7
1254.4

0.00
20.98
41.99
62.98
83.94
104.87
125.77
146.66
167.54
188.42
209.31
230.20
251.11
272.03
292.96
313.91
334.88
355.88
376.90
397.94
419.02
440.13
461.27
482.46
503.69
524.96
546.29
567.67
589.11
610.61
632.18
653.82
675.53
697.32
719.20
741.16
763.21
785.36
807.61

2501.35
2489.57
2477.75
2465.93
2454.12
2442.30
2430.48
2418.62
2406.72
2394.77
2382.75
2370.66
2358.48
2346.21
2333.85
2321.37
2308.77
2296.05
2283.19
2270.19
2257.03
2243.70
2230.20
2216.50
2202.61
2188.50
2174.16
2159.59
2144.75
2129.65
2114.26
2098.56
2082.55
2066.20
2049.50
2032.42
2014.96
1997.07
1978.76

2501.35
2510.54
2519.74
2528.91
2538.06
2547.17
2556.25
2565.28
2574.26
2583.19
2592.06
2600.86
2609.59
2618.24
2626.80
2635.28
2643.66
2651.93
2660.09
2668.13
2676.05
2683.83
2691.47
2698.96
2706.30
2713.46
2720.46
2727.26
2733.87
2740.26
2746.44
2752.39
2758.09
2763.53
2768.70
2773.58
2778.16
2782.43
2786.37

0
0.0761
0.1510
0.2245
0.2966
0.3673
0.4369
0.5052
0.5724
0.6386
0.7037
0.7679
0.8311
0.8934
0.9548
1.0154
1.0752
1.1342
1.1924
1.2500
1.3068
1.3629
1.4184
1.4733
1.5275
1.5812
1.6343
1.6869
1.7390
1.7906
1.8417
1.8924
1.9426
1.9924
2.0418
2.0909
2.1395
2.1878
2.2358

9.1562
8.9496
8.7498
8.5569
8.3706
8.1905
8.0164
7.8478
7.6845
7.5261
7.3725
7.2234
7.0784
6.9375
6.8004
6.6670
6.5369
6.4102
6.2866
6.1659
6.0480
5.9328
5.8202
5.7100
5.6020
5.4962
5.3925
5.2907
5.1908
5.0926
4.9960
4.9010
4.8075
4.7153
4.6244
4.5347
4.4461
4.3586
4.2720

9.1562
9.0257
8.9007
8.7813
8.6671
8.5579
8.4533
8.3530
8.2569
8.1647
8.0762
7.9912
7.9095
7.8309
7.7552
7.6824
7.6121
7.5444
7.4790
7.4158
7.3548
7.2958
7.2386
7.1832
7.1295
7.0774
7.0269
6.9777
6.9298
6.8832
6.8378
6.7934
6.7501
6.7078
6.6663
6.6256
6.5857
6.5464
6.5078

778

APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES

TABLE B.1.1 (continued)

Saturated Water

Specic Volume, m3/kg

Internal E nergy, kJ /kg

Temp.
( C )

Press.
(kPa)

Sat. L iquid
vf

E vap.
vfg

Sat. Vapor
vg

Sat. L iquid
uf

E vap.
u fg

Sat. Vapor
ug

195
200
205
210
215
220
225
230
235
240
245
250
255
260
265
270
275
280
285
290
295
300
305
310
315
320
325
330
335
340
345
350
355
360
365
370
374.1

1397.8
1553.8
1723.0
1906.3
2104.2
2317.8
2547.7
2794.9
3060.1
3344.2
3648.2
3973.0
4319.5
4688.6
5081.3
5498.7
5941.8
6411.7
6909.4
7436.0
7992.8
8581.0
9201.8
9856.6
10547
11274
12040
12845
13694
14586
15525
16514
17554
18651
19807
21028
22089

0.001149
0.001156
0.001164
0.001173
0.001181
0.001190
0.001199
0.001209
0.001219
0.001229
0.001240
0.001251
0.001263
0.001276
0.001289
0.001302
0.001317
0.001332
0.001348
0.001366
0.001384
0.001404
0.001425
0.001447
0.001472
0.001499
0.001528
0.001561
0.001597
0.001638
0.001685
0.001740
0.001807
0.001892
0.002011
0.002213
0.003155

0.13990
0.12620
0.11405
0.10324
0.09361
0.08500
0.07729
0.07037
0.06415
0.05853
0.05346
0.04887
0.04471
0.04093
0.03748
0.03434
0.03147
0.02884
0.02642
0.02420
0.02216
0.02027
0.01852
0.01690
0.01539
0.01399
0.01267
0.01144
0.01027
0.00916
0.00810
0.00707
0.00607
0.00505
0.00398
0.00271
0

0.14105
0.12736
0.11521
0.10441
0.09479
0.08619
0.07849
0.07158
0.06536
0.05976
0.05470
0.05013
0.04598
0.04220
0.03877
0.03564
0.03279
0.03017
0.02777
0.02557
0.02354
0.02167
0.01995
0.01835
0.01687
0.01549
0.01420
0.01300
0.01186
0.01080
0.00978
0.00881
0.00787
0.00694
0.00599
0.00493
0.00315

828.36
850.64
873.02
895.51
918.12
940.85
963.72
986.72
1009.88
1033.19
1056.69
1080.37
1104.26
1128.37
1152.72
1177.33
1202.23
1227.43
1252.98
1278.89
1305.21
1331.97
1359.22
1387.03
1415.44
1444.55
1474.44
1505.24
1537.11
1570.26
1605.01
1641.81
1681.41
1725.19
1776.13
1843.84
2029.58

1764.43
1744.66
1724.49
1703.93
1682.94
1661.49
1639.58
1617.17
1594.24
1570.75
1546.68
1522.00
1496.66
1470.64
1443.87
1416.33
1387.94
1358.66
1328.41
1297.11
1264.67
1230.99
1195.94
1159.37
1121.11
1080.93
1038.57
993.66
945.77
894.26
838.29
776.58
707.11
626.29
526.54
384.69
0

2592.79
2595.29
2597.52
2599.44
2601.06
2602.35
2603.30
2603.89
2604.11
2603.95
2603.37
2602.37
2600.93
2599.01
2596.60
2593.66
2590.17
2586.09
2581.38
2575.99
2569.87
2562.96
2555.16
2546.40
2536.55
2525.48
2513.01
2498.91
2482.88
2464.53
2443.30
2418.39
2388.52
2351.47
2302.67
2228.53
2029.58

APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES

779

TABLE B.1.1 (continued)

Saturated Water

E nthalpy, kJ /kg

E ntropy, kJ /kg-K

Temp.
( C )

Press.
(kPa)

Sat. L iquid
hf

E vap.
h fg

Sat. Vapor
hg

Sat. L iquid
sf

E vap.
sf g

Sat. Vapor
sg

195
200
205
210
215
220
225
230
235
240
245
250
255
260
265
270
275
280
285
290
295
300
305
310
315
320
325
330
335
340
345
350
355
360
365
370
374.1

1397.8
1553.8
1723.0
1906.3
2104.2
2317.8
2547.7
2794.9
3060.1
3344.2
3648.2
3973.0
4319.5
4688.6
5081.3
5498.7
5941.8
6411.7
6909.4
7436.0
7992.8
8581.0
9201.8
9856.6
10547
11274
12040
12845
13694
14586
15525
16514
17554
18651
19807
21028
22089

829.96
852.43
875.03
897.75
920.61
943.61
966.77
990.10
1013.61
1037.31
1061.21
1085.34
1109.72
1134.35
1159.27
1184.49
1210.05
1235.97
1262.29
1289.04
1316.27
1344.01
1372.33
1401.29
1430.97
1461.45
1492.84
1525.29
1558.98
1594.15
1631.17
1670.54
1713.13
1760.48
1815.96
1890.37
2099.26

1959.99
1940.75
1921.00
1900.73
1879.91
1858.51
1836.50
1813.85
1790.53
1766.50
1741.73
1716.18
1689.80
1662.54
1634.34
1605.16
1574.92
1543.55
1510.97
1477.08
1441.78
1404.93
1366.38
1325.97
1283.48
1238.64
1191.13
1140.56
1086.37
1027.86
964.02
893.38
813.59
720.52
605.44
441.75
0

2789.96
2793.18
2796.03
2798.48
2800.51
2802.12
2803.27
2803.95
2804.13
2803.81
2802.95
2801.52
2799.51
2796.89
2793.61
2789.65
2784.97
2779.53
2773.27
2766.13
2758.05
2748.94
2738.72
2727.27
2714.44
2700.08
2683.97
2665.85
2645.35
2622.01
2595.19
2563.92
2526.72
2481.00
2421.40
2332.12
2099.26

2.2835
2.3308
2.3779
2.4247
2.4713
2.5177
2.5639
2.6099
2.6557
2.7015
2.7471
2.7927
2.8382
2.8837
2.9293
2.9750
3.0208
3.0667
3.1129
3.1593
3.2061
3.2533
3.3009
3.3492
3.3981
3.4479
3.4987
3.5506
3.6040
3.6593
3.7169
3.7776
3.8427
3.9146
3.9983
4.1104
4.4297

4.1863
4.1014
4.0172
3.9337
3.8507
3.7683
3.6863
3.6047
3.5233
3.4422
3.3612
3.2802
3.1992
3.1181
3.0368
2.9551
2.8730
2.7903
2.7069
2.6227
2.5375
2.4511
2.3633
2.2737
2.1821
2.0882
1.9913
1.8909
1.7863
1.6763
1.5594
1.4336
1.2951
1.1379
0.9487
0.6868
0

6.4697
6.4322
6.3951
6.3584
6.3221
6.2860
6.2502
6.2146
6.1791
6.1436
6.1083
6.0729
6.0374
6.0018
5.9661
5.9301
5.8937
5.8570
5.8198
5.7821
5.7436
5.7044
5.6642
5.6229
5.5803
5.5361
5.4900
5.4416
5.3903
5.3356
5.2763
5.2111
5.1378
5.0525
4.9470
4.7972
4.4297

780

APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES

TABLE B.1.2

Saturated Water Pressure E ntry

Specic Volume, m3/kg

Internal E nergy, kJ /kg

Press.
(kPa)

Temp.
( C )

Sat. L iquid
vf

E vap.
u fg

Sat. Vapor
vg

Sat. L iquid
uf

E vap.
u fg

Sat. Vapor
ug

0.6113
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
4
5
7.5
10
15
20
25
30
40
50
75
100
125
150
175
200
225
250
275
300
325
350
375
400
450
500
550
600
650
700
750
800

0.01
6.98
13.03
17.50
21.08
24.08
28.96
32.88
40.29
45.81
53.97
60.06
64.97
69.10
75.87
81.33
91.77
99.62
105.99
111.37
116.06
120.23
124.00
127.43
130.60
133.55
136.30
138.88
141.32
143.63
147.93
151.86
155.48
158.85
162.01
164.97
167.77
170.43

0.001000
0.001000
0.001001
0.001001
0.001002
0.001003
0.001004
0.001005
0.001008
0.001010
0.001014
0.001017
0.001020
0.001022
0.001026
0.001030
0.001037
0.001043
0.001048
0.001053
0.001057
0.001061
0.001064
0.001067
0.001070
0.001073
0.001076
0.001079
0.001081
0.001084
0.001088
0.001093
0.001097
0.001101
0.001104
0.001108
0.001111
0.001115

206.131
129.20702
87.97913
67.00285
54.25285
45.66402
34.79915
28.19150
19.23674
14.67254
10.02117
7.64835
6.20322
5.22816
3.99243
3.23931
2.21607
1.69296
1.37385
1.15828
1.00257
0.88467
0.79219
0.71765
0.65624
0.60475
0.56093
0.52317
0.49029
0.46138
0.41289
0.37380
0.34159
0.31457
0.29158
0.27176
0.25449
0.23931

206.132
129.20802
87.98013
67.00385
54.25385
45.66502
34.80015
28.19251
19.23775
14.67355
10.02218
7.64937
6.20424
5.22918
3.99345
3.24034
2.21711
1.69400
1.37490
1.15933
1.00363
0.88573
0.79325
0.71871
0.65731
0.60582
0.56201
0.52425
0.49137
0.46246
0.41398
0.37489
0.34268
0.31567
0.29268
0.27286
0.25560
0.24043

0
29.29
54.70
73.47
88.47
101.03
121.44
137.79
168.76
191.79
225.90
251.35
271.88
289.18
317.51
340.42
394.29
417.33
444.16
466.92
486.78
504.47
520.45
535.08
548.57
561.13
572.88
583.93
594.38
604.29
622.75
639.66
655.30
669.88
683.55
696.43
708.62
720.20

2375.3
2355.69
2338.63
2326.02
2315.93
2307.48
2293.73
2282.70
2261.74
2246.10
2222.83
2205.36
2191.21
2179.22
2159.49
2143.43
2112.39
2088.72
2069.32
2052.72
2038.12
2025.02
2013.10
2002.14
1991.95
1982.43
1973.46
1964.98
1956.93
1949.26
1934.87
1921.57
1909.17
1897.52
1886.51
1876.07
1866.11
1856.58

2375.3
2384.98
2393.32
2399.48
2404.40
2408.51
2415.17
2420.49
2430.50
2437.89
2448.73
2456.71
2463.08
2468.40
2477.00
2483.85
2496.67
2506.06
2513.48
2519.64
2524.90
2529.49
2533.56
2537.21
2540.53
2543.55
2546.34
2548.92
2551.31
2553.55
2557.62
2561.23
2564.47
2567.40
2570.06
2572.49
2574.73
2576.79

APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES

781

TABLE B.1.2 (continued)

Saturated Water Pressure E ntry

E nthalpy, kJ /kg

E ntropy, kJ /kg-K

Press.
(kPa)

Temp.
( C )

Sat. L iquid
hf

E vap.
h fg

Sat. Vapor
hg

Sat. L iquid
sf

E vap.
sf g

Sat. Vapor
sg

0.6113
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
4.0
5.0
7.5
10
15
20
25
30
40
50
75
100
125
150
175
200
225
250
275
300
325
350
375
400
450
500
550
600
650
700
750
800

0.01
6.98
13.03
17.50
21.08
24.08
28.96
32.88
40.29
45.81
53.97
60.06
64.97
69.10
75.87
81.33
91.77
99.62
105.99
111.37
116.06
120.23
124.00
127.43
130.60
133.55
136.30
138.88
141.32
143.63
147.93
151.86
155.48
158.85
162.01
164.97
167.77
170.43

0.00
29.29
54.70
73.47
88.47
101.03
121.44
137.79
168.77
191.81
225.91
251.38
271.90
289.21
317.55
340.47
384.36
417.44
444.30
467.08
486.97
504.68
520.69
535.34
548.87
561.45
573.23
584.31
594.79
604.73
623.24
640.21
655.91
670.54
684.26
697.20
709.45
721.10

2501.3
2484.89
2470.59
2460.02
2451.56
2444.47
2432.93
2423.66
2406.02
2392.82
2373.14
2358.33
2346.29
2336.07
2319.19
2305.40
2278.59
2258.02
2241.05
2226.46
2213.57
2201.96
2191.35
2181.55
2172.42
2163.85
2155.76
2148.10
2140.79
2133.81
2120.67
2108.47
2097.04
2086.26
2076.04
2066.30
2056.98
2048.04

2501.3
2514.18
2525.30
2533.49
2540.03
2545.50
2554.37
2561.45
2574.79
2584.63
2599.06
2609.70
2618.19
2625.28
2636.74
2645.87
2662.96
2675.46
2685.35
2693.54
2700.53
2706.63
2712.04
2716.89
2721.29
2725.30
2728.99
2732.40
2735.58
2738.53
2743.91
2748.67
2752.94
2756.80
2760.30
2763.50
2766.43
2769.13

0
0.1059
0.1956
0.2607
0.3120
0.3545
0.4226
0.4763
0.5763
0.6492
0.7548
0.8319
0.8930
0.9439
1.0258
1.0910
1.2129
1.3025
1.3739
1.4335
1.4848
1.5300
1.5705
1.6072
1.6407
1.6717
1.7005
1.7274
1.7527
1.7766
1.8206
1.8606
1.8972
1.9311
1.9627
1.9922
2.0199
2.0461

9.1562
8.8697
8.6322
8.4629
8.3311
8.2231
8.0520
7.9187
7.6751
7.5010
7.2536
7.0766
6.9383
6.8247
6.6441
6.5029
6.2434
6.0568
5.9104
5.7897
5.6868
5.5970
5.5173
5.4455
5.3801
5.3201
5.2646
5.2130
5.1647
5.1193
5.0359
4.9606
4.8920
4.8289
4.7704
4.7158
4.6647
4.6166

9.1562
8.9756
8.8278
8.7236
8.6431
8.5775
8.4746
8.3950
8.2514
8.1501
8.0084
7.9085
7.8313
7.7686
7.6700
7.5939
7.4563
7.3593
7.2843
7.2232
7.1717
7.1271
7.0878
7.0526
7.0208
6.9918
6.9651
6.9404
6.9174
6.8958
6.8565
6.8212
6.7892
6.7600
6.7330
6.7080
6.6846
6.6627

782

APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES

TABLE B.1.2 (continued)

Saturated Water Pressure E ntry

Specic Volume, m3/kg

Internal E nergy, kJ /kg

Press.
(kPa)

Temp.
( C )

Sat. L iquid
vf

E vap.
vfg

Sat. Vapor
vg

Sat. L iquid
uf

E vap.
u fg

Sat. Vapor
ug

850
900
950
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3250
3500
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
11000
12000
13000
14000
15000
16000
17000
18000
19000
20000
21000
22000
22089

172.96
175.38
177.69
179.91
184.09
187.99
191.64
195.07
198.32
205.76
212.42
218.45
223.99
229.12
233.90
238.38
242.60
250.40
263.99
275.64
285.88
295.06
303.40
311.06
318.15
324.75
330.93
336.75
342.24
347.43
352.37
357.06
361.54
365.81
369.89
373.80
374.14

0.001118
0.001121
0.001124
0.001127
0.001133
0.001139
0.001144
0.001149
0.001154
0.001166
0.001177
0.001187
0.001197
0.001207
0.001216
0.001226
0.001235
0.001252
0.001286
0.001319
0.001351
0.001384
0.001418
0.001452
0.001489
0.001527
0.001567
0.001611
0.001658
0.001711
0.001770
0.001840
0.001924
0.002035
0.002206
0.002808
0.003155

0.22586
0.21385
0.20306
0.19332
0.17639
0.16220
0.15011
0.13969
0.13062
0.11232
0.09845
0.08756
0.07878
0.07154
0.06546
0.06029
0.05583
0.04853
0.03815
0.03112
0.02602
0.02213
0.01907
0.01657
0.01450
0.01274
0.01121
0.00987
0.00868
0.00760
0.00659
0.00565
0.00473
0.00380
0.00275
0.00072
0

0.22698
0.21497
0.20419
0.19444
0.17753
0.16333
0.15125
0.14084
0.13177
0.11349
0.09963
0.08875
0.07998
0.07275
0.06668
0.06152
0.05707
0.04978
0.03944
0.03244
0.02737
0.02352
0.02048
0.01803
0.01599
0.01426
0.01278
0.01149
0.01034
0.00931
0.00836
0.00749
0.00666
0.00583
0.00495
0.00353
0.00315

731.25
741.81
751.94
761.67
780.08
797.27
813.42
828.68
843.14
876.44
906.42
933.81
959.09
982.65
1004.76
1025.62
1045.41
1082.28
1147.78
1205.41
1257.51
1305.54
1350.47
1393.00
1433.68
1472.92
1511.09
1548.53
1585.58
1622.63
1660.16
1698.86
1739.87
1785.47
1841.97
1973.16
2029.58

1847.45
1838.65
1830.17
1821.97
1806.32
1791.55
1777.53
1764.15
1751.3
1721.39
1693.84
1668.18
1644.04
1621.16
1599.34
1578.43
1558.29
1519.99
1449.34
1384.27
1322.97
1264.25
1207.28
1151.40
1096.06
1040.76
984.99
928.23
869.85
809.07
744.80
675.42
598.18
507.58
388.74
108.24
0

2578.69
2580.46
2582.11
2583.64
2586.40
2588.82
2590.95
2592.83
2594.5
2597.83
2600.26
2601.98
2603.13
2603.81
2604.10
2604.04
2603.70
2602.27
2597.12
2589.69
2580.48
2569.79
2557.75
2544.41
2529.74
2513.67
2496.08
2476.76
2455.43
2431.70
2404.96
2374.28
2338.05
2293.05
2230.71
2081.39
2029.58

APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES

783

TABLE B.1.2 (continued)

Saturated Water Pressure E ntry

E nthalpy, kJ /kg

E ntropy, kJ /kg-K

Press.
(kPa)

Temp.
( C )

Sat. L iquid
hf

E vap.
h fg

Sat. Vapor
hg

Sat. L iquid
sf

E vap.
sf g

Sat. Vapor
sg

850
900
950
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3250
3500
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
11000
12000
13000
14000
15000
16000
17000
18000
19000
20000
21000
22000
22089

172.96
175.38
177.69
179.91
184.09
187.99
191.64
195.07
198.32
205.76
212.42
218.45
223.99
229.12
233.90
238.38
242.60
250.40
263.99
275.64
285.88
295.06
303.40
311.06
318.15
324.75
330.93
336.75
342.24
347.43
352.37
357.06
361.54
365.81
369.89
373.80
374.14

732.20
742.82
753.00
762.79
781.32
798.64
814.91
830.29
844.87
878.48
908.77
936.48
962.09
985.97
1008.41
1029.60
1049.73
1087.29
1154.21
1213.32
1266.97
1316.61
1363.23
1407.53
1450.05
1491.24
1531.46
1571.08
1610.45
1650.00
1690.25
1731.97
1776.43
1826.18
1888.30
2034.92
2099.26

2039.43
2031.12
2023.08
2015.29
2000.36
1986.19
1972.67
1959.72
1947.28
1917.95
1890.74
1865.19
1840.98
1817.89
1795.73
1774.37
1753.70
1714.09
1640.12
1571.00
1505.10
1441.33
1378.88
1317.14
1255.55
1193.59
1130.76
1066.47
1000.04
930.59
856.90
777.13
688.11
583.56
446.42
124.04
0

2771.63
2773.94
2776.08
2778.08
2781.68
2784.82
2787.58
2790.00
2792.15
2796.43
2799.51
2801.67
2803.07
2803.86
2804.14
2803.97
2803.43
2801.38
2794.33
2784.33
2772.07
2757.94
2742.11
2724.67
2705.60
2684.83
2662.22
2637.55
2610.49
2580.59
2547.15
2509.09
2464.54
2409.74
2334.72
2158.97
2099.26

2.0709
2.0946
2.1171
2.1386
2.1791
2.2165
2.2514
2.2842
2.3150
2.3851
2.4473
2.5034
2.5546
2.6018
2.6456
2.6866
2.7252
2.7963
2.9201
3.0266
3.1210
3.2067
3.2857
3.3595
3.4294
3.4961
3.5604
3.6231
3.6847
3.7460
3.8078
3.8713
3.9387
4.0137
4.1073
4.3307
4.4297

4.5711
4.5280
4.4869
4.4478
4.3744
4.3067
4.2438
4.1850
4.1298
4.0044
3.8935
3.7938
3.7028
3.6190
3.5412
3.4685
3.4000
3.2737
3.0532
2.8625
2.6922
2.5365
2.3915
2.2545
2.1233
1.9962
1.8718
1.7485
1.6250
1.4995
1.3698
1.2330
1.0841
0.9132
0.6942
0.1917
0

6.6421
6.6225
6.6040
6.5864
6.5535
6.5233
6.4953
6.4692
6.4448
6.3895
6.3408
6.2971
6.2574
6.2208
6.1869
6.1551
6.1252
6.0700
5.9733
5.8891
5.8132
5.7431
5.6771
5.6140
5.5527
5.4923
5.4323
5.3716
5.3097
5.2454
5.1776
5.1044
5.0227
4.9269
4.8015
4.5224
4.4297

784

APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES

TABLE B.1.3

Superheated Vapor Water

Temp.
( C )

Sat.
50
100
150
200
250
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300

v
(m3/kg)

14.67355
14.86920
17.19561
19.51251
21.82507
24.13559
26.44508
31.06252
35.67896
40.29488
44.91052
49.52599
54.14137
58.75669
63.37198
67.98724
72.60250

u
(kJ /kg)

h
(kJ /kg)

P = 10 kPa(45.81 C)

2437.89
2443.87
2515.50
2587.86
2661.27
2735.95
2812.06
2968.89
3132.26
3302.45
3479.63
3663.84
3855.03
4053.01
4257.47
4467.91
4683.68

2584.63
2592.56
2687.46
2782.99
2879.52
2977.31
3076.51
3279.51
3489.05
3705.40
3928.73
4159.10
4396.44
4640.58
4891.19
5147.78
5409.70

s
(kJ /kg-K )

8.1501
8.1749
8.4479
8.6881
8.9037
9.1002
9.2812
9.6076
9.8977
10.1608
10.4028
10.6281
10.8395
11.0392
11.2287
11.4090
14.5810

v
(m3/kg)

3.24034

3.41833
3.88937
4.35595
4.82045
5.28391
6.20929
7.13364
8.05748
8.98104
9.90444
10.82773
11.75097
12.67418
13.59737
14.52054

100 kPa(99.62 C)
Sat.
150
200
250
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300

1.69400
1.93636
2.17226
2.40604
2.63876
3.10263
3.56547
4.02781
4.48986
4.95174
5.41353
5.87526
6.33696
6.79863
7.26030

2506.06
2582.75
2658.05
2733.73
2810.41
2967.85
3131.54
3301.94
3479.24
3663.53
3854.77
4052.78
4257.25
4467.70
4683.47

2675.46
2776.38
2875.27
2974.33
3074.28
3278.11
3488.09
3704.72
3928.23
4158.71
4396.12
4640.31
4890.95
5147.56
5409.49

0.60582
0.63388
0.71629

2543.55
2570.79
2650.65

2725.30
2760.95
2865.54

h
(kJ /kg)

P = 50 kPa(81.33 C)

2483.85

2511.61
2585.61
2659.85
2734.97
2811.33
2968.43
3131.94
3302.22
3479.45
3663.70
3854.91
4052.91
4257.37
4467.82
4683.58

2645.87

2682.52
2780.08
2877.64
2975.99
3075.52
3278.89
3488.62
3705.10
3928.51
4158.92
4396.30
4640.46
4891.08
5147.69
5409.61

s
(kJ /kg-K )

7.5939

7.6947
7.9400
8.1579
8.3555
8.5372
8.8641
9.1545
9.4177
9.6599
9.8852
10.0967
10.2964
10.4858
10.6662
10.8382

200 kPa(120.23 C)
7.3593
7.6133
7.8342
8.0332
8.2157
8.5434
8.8341
9.0975
9.3398
9.5652
9.7767
9.9764
10.1658
10.3462
10.5182

0.88573
0.95964
1.08034
1.19880
1.31616
1.54930
1.78139
2.01297
2.24426
2.47539
2.70643
2.93740
3.16834
3.39927
3.63018

300 kPa(133.55 C)
Sat.
150
200

u
(kJ /kg)

2529.49
2576.87
2654.39
2731.22
2808.55
2966.69
3130.75
3301.36
3478.81
3663.19
3854.49
4052.53
4257.01
4467.46
4683.23

2706.63
2768.80
2870.46
2970.98
3071.79
3276.55
3487.03
3703.96
3927.66
4158.27
4395.77
4640.01
4890.68
5147.32
5409.26

7.1271
7.2795
7.5066
7.7085
7.8926
8.2217
8.5132
8.7769
9.0194
9.2450
9.4565
9.6563
9.8458
10.0262
10.1982

400 kPa(143.63 C)
6.9918
7.0778
7.3115

0.46246
0.47084
0.53422

2553.55
2564.48
2646.83

2738.53
2752.82
2860.51

6.8958
6.9299
7.1706

APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES

785

TABLE B.1.3 (continued)

Superheated Vapor Water

Temp.
( C )

v
(m3/kg)

u
(kJ /kg)

h
(kJ /kg)

s
(kJ /kg-K )

v
(m3/kg)

300 kPa(133.55 C)
250
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300

0.79636
0.87529
1.03151
1.18669
1.34136
1.49573
1.64994
1.80406
1.95812
2.11214
2.26614
2.42013

2728.69
2806.69
2965.53
3129.95
3300.79
3478.38
3662.85
3854.20
4052.27
4256.77
4467.23
4682.99

2967.59
3069.28
3274.98
3485.96
3703.20
3927.10
4157.83
4395.42
4639.71
4890.41
5147.07
5409.03

0.37489
0.42492
0.47436
0.52256
0.57012
0.61728
0.71093
0.80406
0.89691
0.98959
1.08217
1.17469
1.26718
1.35964
1.45210

2561.23
2642.91
2723.50
2802.91
2882.59
2963.19
3128.35
3299.64
3477.52
3662.17
3853.63
4051.76
4256.29
4466.76
4682.52

2748.67
2855.37
2960.68
3064.20
3167.65
3271.83
3483.82
3701.67
3925.97
4156.96
4394.71
4639.11
4889.88
5146.58
5408.57

7.5165
7.7022
8.0329
8.3250
8.5892
8.8319
9.0575
9.2691
9.4689
9.6585
9.8389
10.0109

0.59512
0.65484
0.77262
0.88934
1.00555
1.12147
1.23722
1.35288
1.46847
1.58404
1.69958
1.81511

0.24043
0.26080
0.29314
0.32411
0.35439
0.38426
0.44331
0.50184

2576.79
2630.61
2715.46
2797.14
2878.16
2959.66
3125.95
3297.91

2769.13
2839.25
2949.97
3056.43
3161.68
3267.07
3480.60
3699.38

s
(kJ /kg-K )

2726.11
2804.81
2964.36
3129.15
3300.22
3477.95
3662.51
3853.91
4052.02
4256.53
4466.99
4682.75

2964.16
3066.75
3273.41
3484.89
3702.44
3926.53
4157.40
4395.06
4639.41
4890.15
5146.83
5408.80

7.3788
7.5661
7.8984
8.1912
8.4557
8.6987
8.9244
9.1361
9.3360
9.5255
9.7059
9.8780

600 kPa(158.85 C)
6.8212
7.0592
7.2708
7.4598
7.6328
7.7937
8.0872
8.3521
8.5952
8.8211
9.0329
9.2328
9.4224
9.6028
9.7749

0.31567
0.35202
0.39383
0.43437
0.47424
0.51372
0.59199
0.66974
0.74720
0.82450
0.90169
0.97883
1.05594
1.13302
1.21009

800 kPa(170.43 C)
Sat.
200
250
300
350
400
500
600

h
(kJ /kg)

400 kPa(143.63 C)

500 kPa(15 1.86 C)

Sat.
200
250
300
350
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300

u
(kJ /kg)

2567.40
2638.91
2720.86
2801.00
2881.12
2962.02
3127.55
3299.07
3477.08
3661.83
3853.34
4051.51
4256.05
4466.52
4682.28

2756.80
2850.12
2957.16
3061.63
3165.66
3270.25
3482.75
3700.91
3925.41
4156.52
4394.36
4638.81
4889.61
5146.34
5408.34

6.7600
6.9665
7.1816
7.3723
7.5463
7.7078
8.0020
8.2673
8.5107
8.7367
8.9485
9.1484
9.3381
9.5185
9.6906

1000 kPa(179.91 C)
6.6627
6.8158
7.0384
7.2327
7.4088
7.5715
7.8672
8.1332

0.19444
0.20596
0.23268
0.25794
0.28247
0.30659
0.35411
0.40109

2583.64
2621.90
2709.91
2793.21
2875.18
2957.29
3124.34
3296.76

2778.08
2827.86
2942.59
3051.15
3157.65
3263.88
3478.44
3697.85

6.5864
6.6939
6.9246
7.1228
7.3010
7.4650
7.7621
8.0289

786

APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES

TABLE B.1.3 (continued)

Superheated Vapor Water

Temp.
( C )

v
(m3/kg)

u
(kJ /kg)

h
(kJ /kg)

s
(kJ /kg-K )

v
(m3/kg)

800 kPa(170.43 C)
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300

0.56007
0.61813
0.67610
0.73401
0.79188
0.84974
0.90758

3476.22
3661.14
3852.77
4051.00
4255.57
4466.05
4681.81

3924.27
4155.65
4393.65
4638.20
4889.08
5145.85
5407.87

0.16333
0.16930
0.19235
0.21382
0.23452
0.25480
0.29463
0.33393
0.37294
0.41177
0.45051
0.48919
0.52783
0.56646
0.60507

2588.82
2612.74
2704.20
2789.22
2872.16
2954.90
3122.72
3295.60
3474.48
3659.77
3851.62
4049.98
4254.61
4465.12
4680.86

2784.82
2815.90
2935.01
3045.80
3153.59
3260.66
3476.28
3696.32
3922.01
4153.90
4392.23
4637.00
4888.02
5144.87
5406.95

8.3770
8.6033
8.8153
9.0153
9.2049
9.3854
9.5575

0.44779
0.49432
0.54075
0.58712
0.63345
0.67977
0.72608

0.12380
0.14184
0.15862
0.17456
0.19005
0.22029
0.24998
0.27937
0.30859
0.33772
0.36678
0.39581
0.42482
0.45382

2595.95
2692.26
2781.03
2866.05
2950.09
3119.47
3293.27
3472.74
3658.40
3850.47
4048.96
4253.66
4464.18
4679.92

2794.02
2919.20
3034.83
3145.35
3254.17
3471.93
3693.23
3919.73
4152.15
4390.82
4635.81
4886.95
5143.89
5406.02

s
(kJ /kg-K )

3475.35
3660.46
3852.19
4050.49
4255.09
4465.58
4681.33

3923.14
4154.78
4392.94
4637.60
4888.55
5145.36
5407.41

8.2731
8.4996
8.7118
8.9119
9.1016
9.2821
9.4542

1400 kPa(195.07 C)
6.5233
6.5898
6.8293
7.0316
7.2120
7.3773
7.6758
7.9434
8.1881
8.4149
8.6272
8.8274
9.0171
9.1977
9.3698

0.14084
0.14302
0.16350
0.18228
0.20026
0.21780
0.25215
0.28596
0.31947
0.35281
0.38606
0.41924
0.45239
0.48552
0.51864

1600 kPa(201.40) C)
Sat.
250
300
350
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300

h
(kJ /kg)

1000 kPa(179.91 C)

1200 kPa(187.99 C)
Sat.
200
250
300
350
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300

u
(kJ /kg)

2592.83
2603.09
2698.32
2785.16
2869.12
2952.50
3121.10
3294.44
3473.61
3659.09
3851.05
4049.47
4254.14
4464.65
4680.39

2790.00
2803.32
2927.22
3040.35
3149.49
3257.42
3474.11
3694.78
3920.87
4153.03
4391.53
4636.41
4887.49
5144.38
5406.49

6.4692
6.4975
6.7467
6.9533
7.1359
7.3025
7.6026
7.8710
8.1160
8.3431
8.5555
8.7558
8.9456
9.1262
9.2983

1800 kPa(207.15 C)
6.4217
6.6732
6.8844
7.0693
7.2373
7.5389
7.8080
8.0535
8.2808
8.4934
8.6938
8.8837
9.0642
9.2364

0.11042
0.12497
0.14021
0.15457
0.16847
0.19550
0.22199
0.24818
0.27420
0.30012
0.32598
0.35180
0.37761
0.40340

2598.38
2686.02
2776.83
2862.95
2947.66
3117.84
3292.10
3471.87
3657.71
3849.90
4048.45
4253.18
4463.71
4679.44

2797.13
2910.96
3029.21
3141.18
3250.90
3469.75
3691.69
3918.59
4151.27
4390.11
4635.21
4886.42
5143.40
5405.56

6.3793
6.6066
6.8226
7.0099
7.1793
7.4824
7.7523
7.9983
8.2258
8.4386
8.6390
8.8290
9.0096
9.1817

APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES

787

TABLE B.1.3 (continued)

Superheated Vapor Water

Temp.
( C )

v
(m3/kg)

u
(kJ /kg)

h
(kJ /kg)

s
(kJ /kg-K )

v
(m3/kg)

2000 kPa(212.42 C)
Sat.
250
300
350
400
450
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300

0.09963
0.11144
0.12547
0.13857
0.15120
0.16353
0.17568
0.19960
0.22323
0.24668
0.27004
0.29333
0.31659
0.33984
0.36306

2600.26
2679.58
2772.56
2859.81
2945.21
3030.41
3116.20
3290.93
3470.99
3657.03
3849.33
4047.94
4252.71
4463.25
4678.97

2799.51
2902.46
3023.50
3136.96
3247.60
3357.48
3467.55
3690.14
3917.45
4150.40
4389.40
4634.61
4885.89
5142.92
5405.10

0.06668
0.07058
0.08114
0.09053
0.09936
0.10787
0.11619
0.13243
0.14838
0.16414
0.17980
0.19541
0.21098
0.22652
0.24206

2604.10
2644.00
2750.05
2843.66
2932.75
3020.38
3107.92
3285.03
3466.59
3653.58
3846.46
4045.40
4250.33
4460.92
4676.63

2804.14
2855.75
2993.48
3115.25
3230.82
3344.00
3456.48
3682.34
3911.72
4146.00
4385.87
4631.63
4883.26
5140.49
5402.81

h
(kJ /kg)

s
(kJ /kg-K )

2500 kPa(223.99 C)
6.3408
6.5452
6.7663
6.9562
7.1270
7.2844
7.4316
7.7023
7.9487
8.1766
8.3895
8.5900
8.7800
8.9606
9.1328

0.07998
0.08700
0.09890
0.10976
0.12010
0.13014
0.13998
0.15930
0.17832
0.19716
0.21590
0.23458
0.25322
0.27185
0.29046

3000 kPa(233.90 C)
Sat.
250
300
350
400
450
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300

u
(kJ /kg)

2603.13
2662.55
2761.56
2851.84
2939.03
3025.43
3112.08
3287.99
3468.80
3655.30
3847.89
4046.67
4251.52
4462.08
4677.80

2803.07
2880.06
3008.81
3126.24
3239.28
3350.77
3462.04
3686.25
3914.59
4148.20
4387.64
4633.12
4884.57
5141.70
5403.95

6.2574
6.4084
6.6437
6.8402
7.0147
7.1745
7.3233
7.5960
7.8435
8.0720
8.2853
8.4860
8.6761
8.8569
9.0291

4000 kPa(250.40 C)
6.1869
6.2871
6.5389
6.7427
6.9211
7.0833
7.2337
7.5084
7.7571
7.9862
8.1999
8.4009
8.5911
8.7719
8.9442

0.04978

0.05884
0.06645
0.07341
0.08003
0.08643
0.09885
0.11095
0.12287
0.13469
0.14645
0.15817
0.16987
0.18156

2602.27

2725.33
2826.65
2919.88
3010.13
3099.49
3279.06
3462.15
3650.11
3843.59
4042.87
4247.96
4458.60
4674.29

2801.38

2960.68
3092.43
3213.51
3330.23
3445.21
3674.44
3905.94
4141.59
4382.34
4628.65
4880.63
5138.07
5400.52

6.0700

6.3614
6.5820
6.7689
6.9362
7.0900
7.3688
7.6198
7.8502
8.0647
8.2661
8.4566
8.6376
8.8099

788

APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES

TABLE B.1.3 (continued)

Superheated Vapor Water

Temp.
( C )

v
(m3/kg)

u
(kJ /kg)

h
(kJ /kg)

s
(kJ /kg-K )

v
(m3/kg)

5000 kPa(263.99 C)
Sat.
300
350
400
450
500
550
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300

0.03944
0.04532
0.05194
0.05781
0.06330
0.06857
0.07368
0.07869
0.08849
0.09811
0.10762
0.11707
0.12648
0.13587
0.14526

2597.12
2697.94
2808.67
2906.58
2999.64
3090.92
3181.82
3273.01
3457.67
3646.62
3840.71
4040.35
4245.61
4456.30
4671.96

2794.33
2924.53
3068.39
3195.64
3316.15
3433.76
3550.23
3666.47
3900.13
4137.17
4378.82
4625.69
4878.02
5135.67
5398.24

0.02352
0.02426
0.02995
0.03432
0.03817
0.04175
0.04516
0.04845
0.05481
0.06097
0.06702
0.07301
0.07896
0.08489
0.09080

2569.79
2590.93
2747.67
2863.75
2966.66
3064.30
3159.76
3254.43
3444.00
3636.08
3832.08
4032.81
4238.60
4449.45
4665.02

2757.94
2784.98
2987.30
3138.28
3271.99
3398.27
3521.01
3642.03
3882.47
4123.84
4368.26
4616.87
4870.25
5128.54
5391.46

h
(kJ /kg)

s
(kJ /kg-K )

6000 kPa(275.64 C)
5.9733
6.2083
6.4492
6.6458
6.8185
6.9758
7.1217
7.2588
7.5122
7.7440
7.9593
8.1612
8.3519
8.5330
8.7055

0.03244
0.03616
0.04223
0.04739
0.05214
0.05665
0.06101
0.06525
0.07352
0.08160
0.08958
0.09749
0.10536
0.11321
0.12106

8000 kPa(295.06 C)
Sat.
300
350
400
450
500
550
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300

u
(kJ /kg)

2589.69
2667.22
2789.61
2892.81
2988.90
3082.20
3174.57
3266.89
3453.15
3643.12
3837.84
4037.83
4243.26
4454.00
4669.64

2784.33
2884.19
3042.97
3177.17
3301.76
3422.12
3540.62
3658.40
3894.28
4132.74
4375.29
4622.74
4875.42
5133.28
5395.97

5.8891
6.0673
6.3334
6.5407
6.7192
6.8802
7.0287
7.1676
7.4234
7.6566
7.8727
8.0751
8.2661
8.4473
8.6199

10000 kPa(311.06 C)
5.7431
5.7905
6.1300
6.3633
6.5550
6.7239
6.8778
7.0205
7.2812
7.5173
7.7350
7.9384
8.1299
8.3115
8.4842

0.01803

0.02242
0.02641
0.02975
0.03279
0.03564
0.03837
0.04358
0.04859
0.05349
0.05832
0.06312
0.06789
0.07265

2544.41

2699.16
2832.38
2943.32
3045.77
3144.54
3241.68
3434.72
3628.97
3826.32
4027.81
4233.97
4444.93
4660.44

2724.67

2923.39
3096.46
3240.83
3373.63
3500.92
3625.34
3870.52
4114.91
4361.24
4611.04
4865.14
5123.84
5386.99

5.6140

5.9442
6.2119
6.4189
6.5965
6.7561
6.9028
7.1687
7.4077
7.6272
7.8315
8.0236
8.2054
8.3783

APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES

789

TABLE B.1.3 (continued)

Superheated Vapor Water

Temp.
( C )

v
(m3/kg)

u
(kJ /kg)

h
(kJ /kg)

s
(kJ /kg-K )

v
(m3/kg)

15000 kPa(342.24 C)
Sat.
350
400
450
500
550
600
650
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300

0.01034
0.01147
0.01565
0.01845
0.02080
0.02293
0.02491
0.02680
0.02861
0.03210
0.03546
0.03875
0.04200
0.04523
0.04845

2455.43
2520.36
2740.70
2879.47
2996.52
3104.71
3208.64
3310.37
3410.94
3610.99
3811.89
4015.41
4222.55
4433.78
4649.12

2610.49
2692.41
2975.44
3156.15
3308.53
3448.61
3582.30
3712.32
3840.12
4092.43
4343.75
4596.63
4852.56
5112.27
5375.94

0.001789
0.002790
0.005304
0.006735
0.008679
0.010168
0.011446
0.012596
0.013661
0.015623
0.017448
0.019196
0.020903
0.022589
0.024266

1737.75
2067.34
2455.06
2619.30
2820.67
2970.31
3100.53
3221.04
3335.84
3555.60
3768.48
3978.79
4189.18
4401.29
4615.96

1791.43
2151.04
2614.17
2821.35
3081.03
3275.36
3443.91
3598.93
3745.67
4024.31
4291.93
4554.68
4816.28
5078.97
5343.95

h
(kJ /kg)

s
(kJ /kg-K )

20000 kPa(365.81 C)
5.3097
5.4420
5.8810
6.1403
6.3442
6.5198
6.6775
6.8223
6.9572
7.2040
7.4279
7.6347
7.8282
8.0108
8.1839

0.00583

0.00994
0.01270
0.01477
0.01656
0.01818
0.01969
0.02113
0.02385
0.02645
0.02897
0.03145
0.03391
0.03636

30000 kPa
375
400
425
450
500
550
600
650
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300

u
(kJ /kg)

2293.05

2619.22
2806.16
2942.82
3062.34
3174.00
3281.46
3386.46
3592.73
3797.44
4003.12
4211.30
4422.81
4637.95

2409.74

2818.07
3060.06
3238.18
3393.45
3537.57
3675.32
3809.09
4069.80
4326.37
4582.45
4840.24
5100.96
5365.10

4.9269

5.5539
5.9016
6.1400
6.3347
6.5048
6.6582
6.7993
7.0544
7.2830
7.4925
7.6874
7.8706
8.0441

40000 kPa
3.9303
4.4728
5.1503
5.4423
5.7904
6.0342
6.2330
6.4057
6.5606
6.8332
7.0717
7.2867
7.4845
7.6691
7.8432

0.001641
0.001908
0.002532
0.003693
0.005623
0.006984
0.008094
0.009064
0.009942
0.011523
0.012963
0.014324
0.015643
0.016940
0.018229

1677.09
1854.52
2096.83
2365.07
2678.36
2869.69
3022.61
3158.04
3283.63
3517.89
3739.42
3954.64
4167.38
4380.11
4594.28

1742.71
1930.83
2198.11
2512.79
2903.26
3149.05
3346.38
3520.58
3681.29
3978.80
4257.93
4527.59
4793.08
5057.72
5323.45

3.8289
4.1134
4.5028
4.9459
5.4699
5.7784
6.0113
6.2054
6.3750
6.6662
6.9150
7.1356
7.3364
7.5224
7.6969

790

APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES

TABLE B.1.4

C ompressed L iquid Water

Temp.
( C )

v
(m3/kg)

u
(kJ /kg)

h
(kJ /kg)

s
(kJ /kg-K )

v
(m3/kg)

500 kPa(151.86 C)
Sat.
0.01
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200

0.001093
0.000999
0.001002
0.001008
0.001017
0.001029
0.001043
0.001060
0.001080

639.66
0.01
83.91
167.47
251.00
334.73
418.80
503.37
588.66

640.21
0.51
84.41
167.98
251.51
335.24
419.32
503.90
589.20

0.001286
0.000998
0.001000
0.001006
0.001015
0.001027
0.001041
0.001058
0.001077
0.001099
0.001124
0.001153
0.001187
0.001226
0.001275

1147.78
0.03
83.64
166.93
250.21
333.69
417.50
501.79
586.74
672.61
759.62
848.08
938.43
1031.34
1127.92

1154.21
5.02
88.64
171.95
255.28
338.83
422.71
507.07
592.13
678.10
765.24
853.85
944.36
1037.47
1134.30

h
(kJ /kg)

s
(kJ /kg-K )

2000 kPa(212.42 C)
1.8606
0.0000
0.2965
0.5722
0.8308
1.0749
1.3065
1.5273
1.7389

0.001177
0.000999
0.001001
0.001007
0.001016
0.001028
0.001043
0.001059
0.001079
0.001101
0.001127
0.001156

5000 kPa(263.99 C)
Sat
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
300

u
(kJ /kg)

906.42
0.03
83.82
167.29
250.73
334.38
418.36
502.84
588.02
674.14
761.46
850.30

908.77
2.03
85.82
169.30
252.77
336.44
420.45
504.96
590.18
676.34
763.71
852.61

2.4473
0.0001
.2962
.5716
.8300
1.0739
1.3053
1.5259
1.7373
1.9410
2.1382
2.3301

10000 kPa(311.06 C)
2.9201
0.0001
0.2955
0.5705
0.8284
1.0719
1.3030
1.5232
1.7342
1.9374
2.1341
2.3254
2.5128
2.6978
2.8829

0.001452
0.000995
0.000997
0.001003
0.001013
0.001025
0.001039
0.001055
0.001074
0.001195
0.001120
0.001148
0.001181
0.001219
0.001265
0.001322
0.001397

1393.00
0.10
83.35
166.33
249.34
332.56
416.09
500.07
584.67
670.11
756.63
844.49
934.07
1025.94
1121.03
1220.90
1328.34

1407.53
10.05
93.32
176.36
259.47
342.81
426.48
510.61
595.40
681.07
767.83
855.97
945.88
1038.13
1133.68
1234.11
1342.31

3.3595
0.0003
0.2945
0.5685
0.8258
1.0687
1.2992
1.5188
1.7291
1.9316
2.1274
2.3178
2.5038
2.6872
2.8698
3.0547
3.2468

APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES

791

TABLE B.1.4 (continued)

C ompressed L iquid Water

Temp.
( C )

v
(m3/kg)

u
(kJ /kg)

h
(kJ /kg)

s
(kJ /kg-K )

v
(m3/kg)

15000 kPa(342.24 C)
Sat.
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
300
320
340
360

0.001658
0.000993
0.000995
0.001001
0.001011
0.001022
0.001036
0.001052
0.001071
0.001092
0.001116
0.001143
0.001175
0.001211
0.001255
0.001308
0.001377
0.001472
0.001631

1585.58
0.15
83.05
165.73
248.49
331.46
414.72
498.39
582.64
667.69
753.74
841.04
929.89
1020.82
1114.59
1212.47
1316.58
1431.05
1567.42

1610.45
15.04
97.97
180.75
263.65
346.79
430.26
514.17
598.70
684.07
770.48
858.18
947.52
1038.99
1133.41
1232.09
1337.23
1453.13
1591.88

0.000986
0.000989
0.000995
0.001004
0.001016
0.001029
0.001044
0.001062
0.001082
0.001105
0.001130
0.001159
0.001192
0.001230
0.001275
0.001330
0.001400
0.001492
0.001627
0.001869

0.25
82.16
164.01
246.03
328.28
410.76
493.58
576.86
660.81
745.57
831.34
918.32
1006.84
1097.38
1190.69
1287.89
1390.64
1501.71
1626.57
1781.35

29.82
111.82
193.87
276.16
358.75
441.63
524.91
608.73
693.27
778.71
865.24
953.09
1042.60
1134.29
1228.96
1327.80
1432.63
1546.47
1675.36
1837.43

h
(kJ /kg)

s
(kJ /kg-K )

20000 kPa(365.81 C)
3.6847
0.0004
0.2934
0.5665
0.8231
1.0655
1.2954
1.5144
1.7241
1.9259
2.1209
2.3103
2.4952
2.6770
2.8575
3.0392
3.2259
3.4246
3.6545

0.002035
0.000990
0.000993
0.000999
0.001008
0.001020
0.001034
0.001050
0.001068
0.001089
0.001112
0.001139
0.001169
0.001205
0.001246
0.001297
0.001360
0.001444
0.001568
0.001823

30000 kPa
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
300
320
340
360
380

u
(kJ /kg)

1785.47
0.20
82.75
165.15
247.66
330.38
413.37
496.75
580.67
665.34
750.94
837.70
925.89
1015.94
1108.53
1204.69
1306.10
1415.66
1539.64
1702.78

1826.18
20.00
102.61
185.14
267.82
350.78
434.04
517.74
602.03
687.11
773.18
860.47
949.27
1040.04
1133.45
1230.62
1333.29
1444.53
1571.01
1739.23

4.0137
0.0004
0.2922
0.5646
0.8205
1.0623
1.2917
1.5101
1.7192
1.9203
2.1146
2.3031
2.4869
2.6673
2.8459
3.0248
3.2071
3.3978
3.6074
3.8770

50000 kPa
0.0001
0.2898
0.5606
0.8153
1.0561
1.2844
1.5017
1.7097
1.9095
2.1024
2.2892
2.4710
2.6489
2.8242
2.9985
3.1740
3.3538
3.5425
3.7492
4.0010

0.000977
0.000980
0.000987
0.000996
0.001007
0.001020
0.001035
0.001052
0.001070
0.001091
0.001115
0.001141
0.001170
0.001203
0.001242
0.001286
0.001339
0.001403
0.001484
0.001588

0.20
80.98
161.84
242.96
324.32
405.86
487.63
569.76
652.39
735.68
819.73
904.67
990.69
1078.06
1167.19
1258.66
1353.23
1451.91
1555.97
1667.13

49.03
130.00
211.20
292.77
374.68
456.87
539.37
622.33
705.91
790.24
875.46
961.71
1049.20
1138.23
1229.26
1322.95
1420.17
1522.07
1630.16
1746.54

0.0014
0.2847
0.5526
0.8051
1.0439
1.2703
1.4857
1.6915
1.8890
2.0793
2.2634
2.4419
2.6158
2.7860
2.9536
3.1200
3.2867
3.4556
3.6290
3.8100

792

APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES

TABLE B.1.5

Saturated Solid-Saturated Vapor, Water

Specic Volume, m3/kg

Internal E nergy, kJ /kg

Temp.
( C )

Press.
(kPa)

Sat. Solid
vi

E vap.
vi g

Sat. Vapor
vg

Sat. Solid
ui

E vap.
ui g

Sat. Vapor
ug

0.01
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
28
30
32
34
36
38
40

0.6113
0.6108
0.5177
0.4376
0.3689
0.3102
0.2601
0.2176
0.1815
0.1510
0.1252
0.10355
0.08535
0.07012
0.05741
0.04684
0.03810
0.03090
0.02499
0.02016
0.01618
0.01286

0.0010908
0.0010908
0.0010905
0.0010901
0.0010898
0.0010894
0.0010891
0.0010888
0.0010884
0.0010881
0.0010878
0.0010874
0.0010871
0.0010868
0.0010864
0.0010861
0.0010858
0.0010854
0.0010851
0.0010848
0.0010844
0.0010841

206.152
206.314
241.662
283.798
334.138
394.413
466.756
553.802
658.824
785.906
940.182
1128.112
1357.863
1639.752
1986.775
2415.200
2945.227
3601.822
4416.252
5430.115
6707.021
8366.395

206.153
206.315
241.663
283.799
334.139
394.414
466.757
553.803
658.824
785.907
940.183
1128.113
1357.864
1639.753
1986.776
2415.201
2945.228
3601.823
4416.253
5430.116
6707.022
8366.396

333.40
333.42
337.61
341.78
345.91
350.02
354.09
358.14
362.16
366.14
370.10
374.03
377.93
381.80
385.64
389.45
393.23
396.98
400.71
404.40
408.06
411.70

2708.7
2708.7
2710.2
2711.5
2712.9
2714.2
2715.5
2716.8
2718.0
2719.2
2720.4
2721.6
2722.7
2723.7
2724.8
2725.8
2726.8
2727.8
2728.7
2729.6
2730.5
2731.3

2375.3
2375.3
2372.5
2369.8
2367.0
2364.2
2361.4
2358.7
2355.9
2353.1
2350.3
2347.5
2344.7
2342.0
2339.2
2336.4
2333.6
2330.8
2328.0
2325.2
2322.4
2319.6

APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES

793

TABLE B.1.5 (continued)

Saturated Solid-Saturated Vapor, Water

E nthalpy, kJ /kg

E ntropy, kJ /kg-K

Temp.
( C )

Press.
(kPa)

Sat. Solid
hi

E vap.
hi g

Sat. Vapor
hg

Sat. Solid
si

E vap.
si g

Sat. Vapor
sg

0.01
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
28
30
32
34
36
38
40

0.6113
0.6108
0.5177
0.4376
0.3689
0.3102
0.2601
0.2176
0.1815
0.1510
0.1252
0.10355
0.08535
0.07012
0.05741
0.04684
0.03810
0.03090
0.02499
0.02016
0.01618
0.01286

333.40
333.42
337.61
341.78
345.91
350.02
354.09
358.14
362.16
366.14
370.10
374.03
377.93
381.80
385.64
389.45
393.23
396.98
400.71
404.40
408.06
411.70

2834.7
2834.8
2835.3
2835.7
2836.2
2836.6
2837.0
2837.3
2837.6
2837.9
2838.2
2838.4
2838.6
2838.7
2838.9
2839.0
2839.0
2839.1
2839.1
2839.1
2839.0
2838.9

2501.3
2501.3
2497.6
2494.0
2490.3
2486.6
2482.9
2479.2
2475.5
2471.8
2468.1
2464.3
2460.6
2456.9
2453.2
2449.5
2445.8
2442.1
2438.4
2434.7
2431.0
2427.2

1.2210
1.2211
1.2369
1.2526
1.2683
1.2839
1.2995
1.3150
1.3306
1.3461
1.3617
1.3772
1.3928
1.4083
1.4239
1.4394
1.4550
1.4705
1.4860
1.5014
1.5168
1.5321

10.3772
10.3776
10.4562
10.5358
10.6165
10.6982
10.7809
10.8648
10.9498
11.0359
11.1233
11.2120
11.3020
11.3935
11.4864
11.5808
11.6765
11.7733
11.8713
11.9704
12.0714
12.1768

9.1562
9.1565
9.2193
9.2832
9.3482
9.4143
9.4815
9.5498
9.6192
9.6898
9.7616
9.8348
9.9093
9.9852
10.0625
10.1413
10.2215
10.3028
10.3853
10.4690
10.5546
10.6447

794

APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES

TABLE B.2

T hermodynamic Properties of Ammonia

TABLE B.2.1

Saturated Ammonia
Specic Volume, m3/kg
Temp.
( C )
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
125
130
132.3

Press.
(kPa)

Sat. L iquid
vf

E vap.
vfg

Sat. Vapor
vg

40.9
54.5
71.7
93.2
119.5
151.6
190.2
236.3
290.9
354.9
429.6
515.9
615.2
728.6
857.5
1003.2
1167.0
1350.4
1554.9
1782.0
2033.1
2310.1
2614.4
2947.8
3312.0
3709.0
4140.5
4608.6
5115.3
5662.9
6253.7
6890.4
7575.7
8313.3
9107.2
9963.5
10891.6
11333.2

0.001424
0.001437
0.001450
0.001463
0.001476
0.001490
0.001504
0.001519
0.001534
0.001550
0.001566
0.001583
0.001600
0.001619
0.001638
0.001658
0.001680
0.001702
0.001725
0.001750
0.001777
0.001804
0.001834
0.001866
0.001900
0.001937
0.001978
0.002022
0.002071
0.002126
0.002188
0.002261
0.002347
0.002452
0.002589
0.002783
0.003122
0.004255

2.62557
2.00489
1.55111
1.21466
0.96192
0.76970
0.62184
0.50686
0.41655
0.34493
0.28763
0.24140
0.20381
0.17300
0.14758
0.12647
0.10881
0.09397
0.08141
0.07073
0.06159
0.05375
0.04697
0.04109
0.03597
0.03148
0.02753
0.02404
0.02093
0.01815
0.01565
0.01337
0.01128
0.00933
0.00744
0.00554
0.00337
0

2.62700
2.00632
1.55256
1.21613
0.96339
0.77119
0.62334
0.50838
0.41808
0.34648
0.28920
0.24299
0.20541
0.17462
0.14922
0.12813
0.11049
0.09567
0.08313
0.07248
0.06337
0.05555
0.04880
0.04296
0.03787
0.03341
0.02951
0.02606
0.02300
0.02028
0.01784
0.01564
0.01363
0.01178
0.01003
0.00833
0.00649
0.00426

Internal E nergy, kJ /kg

Sat. L iquid
uf

E vap.
u fg

Sat. Vapor
ug

43.82
22.01
0.10
21.93
44.08
66.36
88.76
111.30
133.96
156.76
179.69
202.77
225.99
249.36
272.89
296.59
320.46
344.50
368.74
393.19
417.87
442.79
467.99
493.51
519.39
545.70
572.50
599.90
627.99
656.95
686.96
718.30
751.37
786.82
825.77
870.69
929.29
1037.62

1309.1
1293.5
1277.6
1261.3
1244.8
1227.9
1210.7
1193.2
1175.2
1157.0
1138.3
1119.2
1099.7
1079.7
1059.3
1038.4
1016.9
994.9
972.2
948.9
924.8
899.9
874.2
847.4
819.5
790.4
759.9
727.8
693.7
657.4
618.4
575.9
529.1
476.2
414.5
337.7
226.9
0

1265.2
1271.4
1277.4
1283.3
1288.9
1294.3
1299.5
1304.5
1309.2
1313.7
1318.0
1322.0
1325.7
1329.1
1332.2
1335.0
1337.4
1339.4
1341.0
1342.1
1342.7
1342.7
1342.1
1340.9
1338.9
1336.1
1332.4
1327.7
1321.7
1314.4
1305.3
1294.2
1280.5
1263.1
1240.3
1208.4
1156.2
1037.6

APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES

795

TABLE B.2.1 (continued)

Saturated Ammonia

E nthalpy, kJ /kg
Temp.
( C )
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
125
130
132.3

Press.
(kPa)
40.9
54.5
71.7
93.2
119.5
151.6
190.2
236.3
290.9
354.9
429.6
515.9
615.2
728.6
857.5
1003.2
1167.0
1350.4
1554.9
1782.0
2033.1
2310.1
2614.4
2947.8
3312.0
3709.0
4140.5
4608.6
5115.3
5662.9
6253.7
6890.4
7575.7
8313.3
9107.2
9963.5
10892
11333

E ntropy, kJ /kg-K

Sat. L iquid
hf

E vap.
h fg

Sat. Vapor
hg

Sat. L iquid
sf

E vap.
sf g

Sat. Vapor
sg

43.76
21.94
0
22.06
44.26
66.58
89.05
111.66
134.41
157.31
180.36
203.58
226.97
250.54
274.30
298.25
322.42
346.80
371.43
396.31
421.48
446.96
472.79
499.01
525.69
552.88
580.69
609.21
638.59
668.99
700.64
733.87
769.15
807.21
849.36
898.42
963.29
1085.85

1416.3
1402.8
1388.8
1374.5
1359.8
1344.6
1329.0
1312.9
1296.4
1279.4
1261.8
1243.7
1225.1
1205.8
1185.9
1165.2
1143.9
1121.8
1098.8
1074.9
1050.0
1024.1
997.0
968.5
938.7
907.2
873.9
838.6
800.8
760.2
716.2
668.1
614.6
553.8
482.3
393.0
263.7
0

1372.6
1380.8
1388.8
1396.5
1404.0
1411.2
1418.0
1424.6
1430.8
1436.7
1442.2
1447.3
1452.0
1456.3
1460.2
1463.5
1466.3
1468.6
1470.2
1471.2
1471.5
1471.0
1469.7
1467.5
1464.4
1460.1
1454.6
1447.8
1439.4
1429.2
1416.9
1402.0
1383.7
1361.0
1331.7
1291.4
1227.0
1085.9

0.1916
0.0950
0
0.0935
0.1856
0.2763
0.3657
0.4538
0.5408
0.6266
0.7114
0.7951
0.8779
0.9598
1.0408
1.1210
1.2005
1.2792
1.3574
1.4350
1.5121
1.5888
1.6652
1.7415
1.8178
1.8943
1.9712
2.0488
2.1273
2.2073
2.2893
2.3740
2.4625
2.5566
2.6593
2.7775
2.9326
3.2316

6.3470
6.1484
5.9567
5.7715
5.5922
5.4185
5.2498
5.0859
4.9265
4.7711
4.6195
4.4715
4.3266
4.1846
4.0452
3.9083
3.7734
3.6403
3.5088
3.3786
3.2493
3.1208
2.9925
2.8642
2.7354
2.6058
2.4746
2.3413
2.2051
2.0650
1.9195
1.7667
1.6040
1.4267
1.2268
0.9870
0.6540
0

6.1554
6.0534
5.9567
5.8650
5.7778
5.6947
5.6155
5.5397
5.4673
5.3977
5.3309
5.2666
5.2045
5.1444
5.0860
5.0293
4.9738
4.9196
4.8662
4.8136
4.7614
4.7095
4.6577
4.6057
4.3533
4.5001
4.4458
4.3901
4.3325
4.2723
4.2088
4.1407
4.0665
3.9833
3.8861
3.7645
3.5866
3.2316

796

APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES

TABLE B.2.2 (continued)

Superheated Ammonia

Temp.
( C )

v
(m3/kg)

u
(kJ /kg)

h
(kJ /kg)

s
(kJ /kg-K )

v
(m3/kg)

50 kPa(46.53 C)
Sat.
30
20
10
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
100
120
140
160
180
200

2.1752
2.3448
2.4463
2.5471
2.6474
2.7472
2.8466
2.9458
3.0447
3.1435
3.2421
3.3406
3.4390
3.6355
3.8318
4.0280
4.2240
4.4199
4.6157

1269.6
1296.2
1312.3
1328.4
1344.5
1360.7
1377.0
1393.3
1409.8
1426.3
1443.0
1459.9
1476.9
1511.4
1546.6
1582.5
1619.2
1656.7
1694.9

1378.3
1413.4
1434.6
1455.7
1476.9
1498.1
1519.3
1540.6
1562.0
1583.5
1605.1
1626.9
1648.8
1693.2
1738.2
1783.9
1830.4
1877.7
1925.7

0.7787
0.7977
0.8336
0.8689
0.9037
0.9382
0.9723
1.0062
1.0398
1.0734
1.1068
1.1401
1.2065
1.2726
1.3386
1.4044
1.4701
1.5357
1.6013

1294.1
1303.3
1320.7
1337.9
1355.0
1372.0
1389.0
1406.0
1423.0
1440.0
1457.2
1474.4
1509.3
1544.8
1580.9
1617.8
1655.4
1693.7
1732.9

1410.9
1422.9
1445.7
1468.3
1490.6
1512.8
1534.9
1556.9
1578.9
1601.0
1623.2
1645.4
1690.2
1735.6
1781.7
1828.4
1875.9
1924.1
1973.1

h
(kJ /kg)

s
(kJ /kg-K )

100 kPa(33.60 C)
6.0839
6.2333
6.3187
6.4006
6.4795
6.5556
6.6293
6.7008
6.7703
6.8379
6.9038
6.9682
7.0312
7.1533
7.2708
7.3842
7.4941
7.6008
7.7045

1.1381
1.1573
1.2101
1.2621
1.3136
1.3647
1.4153
1.4657
1.5158
1.5658
1.6156
1.6653
1.7148
1.8137
1.9124
2.0109
2.1093
2.2075
2.3057

150 kPa(25.22 C)
Sat.
20
10
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220

u
(kJ /kg)

1284.9
1291.0
1307.8
1324.6
1341.3
1357.9
1374.5
1391.2
1407.9
1424.7
1441.5
1458.5
1475.6
1510.3
1545.7
1581.7
1618.5
1656.0
1694.3

1398.7
1406.7
1428.8
1450.8
1472.6
1494.4
1516.1
1537.7
1559.5
1581.2
1603.1
1625.1
1647.1
1691.7
1736.9
1782.8
1829.4
1876.8
1924.9

5.8401
5.8734
5.9626
6.0477
6.1291
6.2073
6.2826
6.3553
6.4258
6.4943
6.5609
6.6258
6.6892
6.8120
6.9300
7.0439
7.1540
7.2609
7.3648

200 kPa(18.86 C)
5.6983
5.7465
5.8349
5.9189
5.9992
6.0761
6.1502
6.2217
6.2910
6.3583
6.4238
6.4877
6.6112
6.7297
6.8439
6.9544
7.0615
7.1656
7.2670

0.5946

0.6193
0.6465
0.6732
0.6995
0.7255
0.7513
0.7769
0.8023
0.8275
0.8527
0.9028
0.9527
1.0024
1.0519
1.1014
1.1507
1.2000

1300.6

1316.7
1334.5
1352.1
1369.5
1386.8
1404.0
1421.3
1438.5
1455.8
1473.1
1508.2
1543.8
1580.1
1617.0
1654.7
1693.2
1732.4

1419.6

1440.6
1463.8
1486.8
1509.4
1531.9
1554.3
1576.6
1598.9
1621.3
1643.7
1688.8
1734.4
1780.6
1827.4
1875.0
1923.3
1972.4

5.5979

5.6791
5.7659
5.8484
5.9270
6.0025
6.0751
6.1453
6.2133
6.2794
6.3437
6.4679
6.5869
6.7015
6.8123
6.9196
7.0239
7.1255

APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES

797

TABLE B.2.2 (continued)

Superheated Ammonia

Temp.
( C )

v
(m3/kg)

u
(kJ /kg)

h
(kJ /kg)

s
(kJ /kg-K )

v
(m3/kg)

300 kPa(9.24 C)
Sat.
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260

0.40607
0.42382
0.44251
0.46077
0.47870
0.49636
0.51382
0.53111
0.54827
0.56532
0.59916
0.63276
0.66618
0.69946
0.73263
0.76572
0.79872
0.83167
0.86455

1309.9
1327.5
1346.1
1364.4
1382.3
1400.1
1417.8
1435.4
1453.0
1470.6
1506.1
1542.0
1578.5
1615.6
1653.4
1692.0
1731.3
1771.4
1812.2

1431.7
1454.7
1478.9
1502.6
1526.0
1549.0
1571.9
1594.7
1617.5
1640.2
1685.8
1731.8
1778.3
1825.4
1873.2
1921.7
1970.9
2020.9
2071.6

0.25035
0.25757
0.26949
0.28103
0.29227
0.30328
0.31410
0.32478
0.33535
0.35621
0.37681
0.39722
0.41748
0.43764
0.45771
0.47770
0.49763
0.51749

1321.3
1333.5
1353.6
1373.0
1392.0
1410.6
1429.0
1447.3
1465.4
1501.7
1538.2
1575.2
1612.7
1650.8
1689.6
1729.2
1769.5
1810.6

1446.5
1462.3
1488.3
1513.5
1538.1
1562.2
1586.1
1609.6
1633.1
1679.8
1726.6
1773.8
1821.4
1869.6
1918.5
1968.1
2018.3
2069.3

h
(kJ /kg)

s
(kJ /kg-K )

400 kPa(1.89 C)
5.4565
5.5420
5.6290
5.7113
5.7896
5.8645
5.9365
6.0060
6.0732
6.1385
6.2642
6.3842
6.4996
6.6109
6.7188
6.8235
6.9254
7.0247
7.1217

0.30942
0.31227
0.32701
0.34129
0.35520
0.36884
0.38226
0.39550
0.40860
0.42160
0.44732
0.47279
0.49808
0.52323
0.54827
0.57321
0.59809
0.62289
0.64764

500 kPa(4.13 C)
Sat.
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260

u
(kJ /kg)

1316.4
1320.2
1339.9
1359.1
1377.7
1396.1
1414.2
1432.2
1450.1
1468.0
1503.9
1540.1
1576.8
1614.1
1652.1
1690.8
1730.3
1770.5
1811.4

1440.2
1445.1
1470.7
1495.6
1519.8
1543.6
1567.1
1590.4
1613.6
1636.7
1682.8
1729.2
1776.0
1823.4
1871.4
1920.1
1969.5
2019.6
2070.5

5.3559
5.3741
5.4663
5.5525
5.6338
5.7111
5.7850
5.8560
5.9244
5.9907
6.1179
6.2390
6.3552
6.4671
6.5755
6.6806
6.7828
6.8825
6.9797

600 kPa(9.28 C)
5.2776
5.3340
5.4244
5.5090
5.5889
5.6647
5.7373
5.8070
5.8744
6.0031
6.1253
6.2422
6.3548
6.4636
6.5691
6.6717
6.7717
6.8692

0.21038
0.21115
0.22154
0.23152
0.24118
0.25059
0.25981
0.26888
0.27783
0.29545
0.31281
0.32997
0.34699
0.36389
0.38071
0.39745
0.41412
0.43073

1325.2
1326.7
1347.9
1368.2
1387.8
1406.9
1425.7
1444.3
1462.8
1499.5
1536.3
1573.5
1611.2
1649.5
1688.5
1728.2
1768.6
1809.8

1451.4
1453.4
1480.8
1507.1
1532.5
1557.3
1581.6
1605.7
1629.5
1676.8
1724.0
1771.5
1819.4
1867.8
1916.9
1966.6
2017.0
2068.2

5.2133
5.2205
5.3156
5.4037
5.4862
5.5641
5.6383
5.7094
5.7778
5.9081
6.0314
6.1491
6.2623
6.3717
6.4776
6.5806
6.6808
6.7786

798

APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES

TABLE B.2.2 (continued)

Superheated Ammonia

Temp.
( C )

v
(m3/kg)

u
(kJ /kg)

h
(kJ /kg)

s
(kJ /kg-K )

v
(m3/kg)

800 kPa(17.85 C)
Sat.
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
300

0.15958
0.16138
0.16947
0.17720
0.18465
0.19189
0.19896
0.20590
0.21949
0.23280
0.24590
0.25886
0.27170
0.28445
0.29712
0.30973
0.32228
0.33477
0.34722

1330.9
1335.8
1358.0
1379.0
1399.3
1419.0
1438.3
1457.4
1495.0
1532.5
1570.1
1608.2
1646.8
1686.1
1726.0
1766.7
1808.1
1850.2
1893.1

1458.6
1464.9
1493.5
1520.8
1547.0
1572.5
1597.5
1622.1
1670.6
1718.7
1766.9
1815.3
1864.2
1913.6
1963.7
2014.5
2065.9
2118.0
2170.9

0.10751
0.11287
0.11846
0.12378
0.12890
0.13387
0.14347
0.15275
0.16181
0.17071
0.17950
0.18819
0.19680
0.20534
0.21382
0.22225
0.23063
0.23897

1337.8
1360.0
1383.0
1404.8
1425.8
1446.2
1485.8
1524.7
1563.3
1602.2
1641.5
1681.3
1721.8
1762.9
1804.7
1847.3
1890.6
1934.6

1466.8
1495.4
1525.1
1553.3
1580.5
1606.8
1658.0
1708.0
1757.5
1807.1
1856.9
1907.1
1957.9
2009.3
2061.3
2114.0
2167.3
2221.3

h
(kJ /kg)

s
(kJ /kg-K )

1000 kPa(24.90 C)
5.1110
5.1328
5.2287
5.3171
5.3996
5.4774
5.5513
5.6219
5.7555
5.8811
6.0006
6.1150
6.2254
6.3322
6.4358
6.5367
6.6350
6.7310
6.8248

0.12852

0.13206
0.13868
0.14499
0.15106
0.15695
0.16270
0.17389
0.18477
0.19545
0.20597
0.21638
0.22669
0.23693
0.24710
0.25720
0.26726
0.27726

1200 kPa(30.94 C)
Sat.
40
50
60
70
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
300
320

u
(kJ /kg)

1334.9

1347.1
1369.8
1391.3
1412.1
1432.2
1451.9
1490.5
1528.6
1566.8
1605.2
1644.2
1683.7
1723.9
1764.8
1806.4
1848.8
1891.8

1463.4

1479.1
1508.5
1536.3
1563.1
1589.1
1614.6
1664.3
1713.4
1762.2
1811.2
1860.5
1910.4
1960.8
2011.9
2063.6
2116.0
2169.1

5.0304

5.0826
5.1778
5.2654
5.3471
5.4240
5.4971
5.6342
5.7622
5.8834
5.9992
6.1105
6.2182
6.3226
6.4241
6.5229
6.6194
6.7137

1400 kPa(36.26 C)
4.9635
5.0564
5.1497
5.2357
5.3159
5.3916
5.5325
5.6631
5.7860
5.9031
6.0156
6.1241
6.2292
6.3313
6.4308
6.5278
6.6225
6.7151

0.09231
0.09432
0.09942
0.10423
0.10882
0.11324
0.12172
0.12986
0.13777
0.14552
0.15315
0.16068
0.16813
0.17551
0.18283
0.19010
0.19732
0.20450

1339.8
1349.5
1374.2
1397.2
1419.2
1440.3
1481.0
1520.7
1559.9
1599.2
1638.8
1678.9
1719.6
1761.0
1803.0
1845.8
1889.3
1933.5

1469.0
1481.6
1513.4
1543.1
1571.5
1598.8
1651.4
1702.5
1752.8
1802.9
1853.2
1903.8
1955.0
2006.7
2059.0
2111.9
2165.5
2219.8

4.9060
4.9463
5.0462
5.1370
5.2209
5.2994
5.4443
5.5775
5.7023
5.8208
5.9343
6.0437
6.1495
6.2523
6.3523
6.4498
6.5450
6.6380

APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES

799

TABLE B.2.2 (continued)

Superheated Ammonia

Temp.
( C )

v
(m3/kg)

u
(kJ /kg)

h
(kJ /kg)

s
(kJ /kg-K )

v
(m3/kg)

1600 kPa(41.03 C)
Sat.
50
60
70
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
300
320
340
360

0.08079
0.08506
0.08951
0.09372
0.09774
0.10539
0.11268
0.11974
0.12662
0.13339
0.14005
0.14663
0.15314
0.15959
0.16599
0.17234
0.17865
0.18492
0.19115

1341.2
1364.9
1389.3
1412.3
1434.3
1476.2
1516.6
1556.4
1596.1
1636.1
1676.5
1717.4
1759.0
1801.3
1844.3
1888.0
1932.4
1977.5
2023.3

1470.5
1501.0
1532.5
1562.3
1590.6
1644.8
1696.9
1748.0
1798.7
1849.5
1900.5
1952.0
2004.1
2056.7
2109.9
2163.7
2218.2
2273.4
2329.1

0.02365
0.02636
0.03024
0.03350
0.03643
0.03916
0.04174
0.04422
0.04662
0.04895
0.05123
0.05346
0.05565
0.05779
0.05990
0.06198
0.06403
0.06606
0.06806

1323.2
1369.7
1435.1
1489.8
1539.5
1586.9
1633.1
1678.9
1724.8
1770.9
1817.4
1864.5
1912.1
1960.3
2009.1
2058.5
2108.4
2159.0
2210.1

1441.4
1501.5
1586.3
1657.3
1721.7
1782.7
1841.8
1900.0
1957.9
2015.6
2073.6
2131.8
2190.3
2249.2
2308.6
2368.4
2428.6
2489.3
2550.4

h
(kJ /kg)

s
(kJ /kg-K )

2000 kPa(49.37 C)
4.8553
4.9510
5.0472
5.1351
5.2167
5.3659
5.5018
5.6286
5.7485
5.8631
5.9734
6.0800
6.1834
6.2839
6.3819
6.4775
6.5710
6.6624
6.7519

0.06444
0.06471
0.06875
0.07246
0.07595
0.08248
0.08861
0.09447
0.10016
0.10571
0.11116
0.11652
0.12182
0.12705
0.13224
0.13737
0.14246
0.14751
0.15253

5000 kPa(88.90 C)
Sat.
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
300
320
340
360
380
400
420
440

u
(kJ /kg)

1342.6
1344.5
1372.3
1397.8
1421.6
1466.1
1508.3
1549.3
1589.9
1630.6
1671.6
1713.1
1755.2
1797.9
1841.3
1885.4
1930.2
1975.6
2021.8

1471.5
1473.9
1509.8
1542.7
1573.5
1631.1
1685.5
1738.2
1790.2
1842.0
1893.9
1946.1
1998.8
2052.0
2105.8
2160.1
2215.1
2270.7
2326.8

4.7680
4.7754
4.8848
4.9821
5.0707
5.2294
5.3714
5.5022
5.6251
5.7420
5.8540
5.9621
6.0668
6.1685
6.2675
6.3641
6.4583
6.5505
6.6406

10000 kPa(125.20 C)
4.3454
4.5091
4.7306
4.9068
5.0591
5.1968
5.3245
5.4450
5.5600
5.6704
5.7771
5.8805
5.9809
6.0786
6.1738
6.2668
6.3576
6.4464
6.5334

0.00826

0.01195
0.01461
0.01666
0.01842
0.02001
0.02150
0.02290
0.02424
0.02552
0.02676
0.02796
0.02913
0.03026
0.03137
0.03245
0.03351

1206.8

1341.8
1432.2
1500.6
1560.3
1615.8
1669.2
1721.6
1773.6
1825.5
1877.6
1930.0
1982.8
2036.1
2089.8
2143.9
2198.5

1289.4

1461.3
1578.3
1667.2
1744.5
1816.0
1884.2
1950.6
2015.9
2080.7
2145.2
2209.6
2274.1
2338.7
2403.5
2468.5
2533.7

3.7587

4.1839
4.4610
4.6617
4.8287
4.9767
5.1123
5.2392
5.3596
5.4746
5.5852
5.6921
5.7955
5.8960
5.9937
6.0888
6.1815

800

APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES

TABLE B.3

T hermodynamic Properties of C arbon D ioxide

TABLE B.3.1

Saturated C arbon D ioxide

Specic Volume, m3/kg

Internal E nergy, kJ /kg

Temp.
( C )

Press.
(kPa)

Sat. L iquid
vf

E vap.
u fg

Sat. Vapor
vg

Sat. L iquid
uf

E vap.
u fg

Sat. Vapor
ug

50.0
48
46
44
42
40
38
36
34
32
30
28
26
24
22
20
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
28
30
31.0

682.3
739.5
800.2
864.4
932.5
1004.5
1080.5
1160.7
1245.2
1334.2
1427.8
1526.1
1629.3
1737.5
1850.9
1969.6
2093.8
2223.7
2359.3
2501.0
2648.7
2802.7
2963.2
3130.3
3304.2
3485.1
3673.3
3868.8
4072.0
4283.1
4502.2
4729.7
4965.8
5210.8
5465.1
5729.1
6003.1
6287.7
6583.7
6891.8
7213.7
7377.3

0.000866
0.000872
0.000878
0.000883
0.000889
0.000896
0.000902
0.000909
0.000915
0.000922
0.000930
0.000937
0.000945
0.000953
0.000961
0.000969
0.000978
0.000987
0.000997
0.001007
0.001017
0.001028
0.001040
0.001052
0.001065
0.001078
0.001093
0.001108
0.001124
0.001142
0.001161
0.001182
0.001205
0.001231
0.001260
0.001293
0.001332
0.001379
0.001440
0.001526
0.001685
0.002139

0.05492
0.05075
0.04694
0.04347
0.04029
0.03739
0.03472
0.03227
0.03002
0.02794
0.02603
0.02425
0.02261
0.02110
0.01968
0.01837
0.01715
0.01601
0.01495
0.01396
0.01303
0.01216
0.01134
0.01057
0.00985
0.00916
0.00852
0.00790
0.00732
0.00677
0.00624
0.00573
0.00524
0.00477
0.00431
0.00386
0.00341
0.00295
0.00247
0.00193
0.00121
0.0

0.05579
0.05162
0.04782
0.04435
0.04118
0.03828
0.03562
0.03318
0.03093
0.02886
0.02696
0.02519
0.02356
0.02205
0.02065
0.01934
0.01813
0.01700
0.01595
0.01497
0.01405
0.01319
0.01238
0.01162
0.01091
0.01024
0.00961
0.00901
0.00845
0.00791
0.00740
0.00691
0.00645
0.00600
0.00557
0.00515
0.00474
0.00433
0.00391
0.00346
0.00290
0.00214

20.55
16.64
12.72
8.80
4.85
0.90
3.07
7.05
11.05
15.07
19.11
23.17
27.25
31.35
35.48
39.64
43.82
48.04
52.30
56.59
60.92
65.30
69.73
74.20
78.74
83.34
88.01
92.76
97.60
102.54
107.60
112.79
118.14
123.69
129.48
135.56
142.03
149.04
156.88
166.20
179.49
203.56

302.26
298.86
295.42
291.94
288.42
284.86
281.26
277.60
273.90
270.14
266.32
262.45
258.51
254.50
250.41
246.25
242.01
237.68
233.26
228.73
224.10
219.35
214.47
209.46
204.29
198.96
193.44
187.73
181.78
175.57
169.07
162.23
154.99
147.26
138.95
129.90
119.89
108.55
95.20
78.26
51.83
0.0

281.71
282.21
282.69
283.15
283.57
283.96
284.33
284.66
284.95
285.21
285.43
285.61
285.75
285.85
285.89
285.89
285.84
285.73
285.56
285.32
285.02
284.65
284.20
283.66
283.03
282.30
281.46
280.49
279.38
278.11
276.67
275.02
273.13
270.95
268.43
265.46
261.92
257.59
252.07
244.46
231.32
203.56

APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES

801

TABLE B.3.1 (continued)

Saturated C arbon D ioxide

E nthalpy, kJ /kg
Temp.
( C )

Press.
(kPa)

50.0
48
46
44
42
40
38
36
34
32
30
28
26
24
22
20
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
28
30
31.0

682.3
739.5
800.2
864.4
932.5
1004.5
1080.5
1160.7
1245.2
1334.2
1427.8
1526.1
1629.3
1737.5
1850.9
1969.6
2093.8
2223.7
2359.3
2501.0
2648.7
2802.7
2963.2
3130.3
3304.2
3485.1
3673.3
3868.8
4072.0
4283.1
4502.2
4729.7
4965.8
5210.8
5465.1
5729.1
6003.1
6287.7
6583.7
6891.8
7213.7
7377.3

Sat. L iquid
hf
19.96
16.00
12.02
8.03
4.02
0.00
4.04
8.11
12.19
16.30
20.43
24.60
28.78
33.00
37.26
41.55
45.87
50.24
54.65
59.11
63.62
68.18
72.81
77.50
82.26
87.10
92.02
97.05
102.18
107.43
112.83
118.38
124.13
130.11
136.36
142.97
150.02
157.71
166.36
176.72
191.65
219.34

E ntropy, kJ /kg-K

E vap.
h fg

Sat. Vapor
hg

Sat. L iquid
sf

E vap.
sf g

Sat. Vapor
sg

339.73
336.38
332.98
329.52
326.00
322.42
318.78
315.06
311.28
307.42
303.48
299.46
295.35
291.15
286.85
282.44
277.93
273.30
268.54
263.65
258.61
253.43
248.08
242.55
236.83
230.89
224.73
218.30
211.59
204.56
197.15
189.33
181.02
172.12
162.50
152.00
140.34
127.09
111.45
91.58
60.58
0.0

319.77
320.38
320.96
321.49
321.97
322.42
322.82
323.17
323.47
323.72
323.92
324.06
324.14
324.15
324.11
323.99
323.80
323.53
323.19
322.76
322.23
321.61
320.89
320.05
319.09
317.99
316.75
315.35
313.77
311.99
309.98
307.72
305.15
302.22
298.86
294.96
290.36
284.80
277.80
268.30
252.23
219.34

0.0863
0.0688
0.0515
0.0342
0.0171
0.0000
0.0170
0.0339
0.0507
0.0675
0.0842
0.1009
0.1175
0.1341
0.1506
0.1672
0.1837
0.2003
0.2169
0.2334
0.2501
0.2668
0.2835
0.3003
0.3173
0.3344
0.3516
0.3690
0.3866
0.4045
0.4228
0.4414
0.4605
0.4802
0.5006
0.5221
0.5449
0.5695
0.5971
0.6301
0.6778
0.7680

1.5224
1.4940
1.4659
1.4380
1.4103
1.3829
1.3556
1.3285
1.3016
1.2748
1.2481
1.2215
1.1950
1.1686
1.1421
1.1157
1.0893
1.0628
1.0362
1.0096
0.9828
0.9558
0.9286
0.9012
0.8734
0.8453
0.8167
0.7877
0.7580
0.7276
0.6963
0.6640
0.6304
0.5952
0.5581
0.5185
0.4755
0.4277
0.3726
0.3041
0.1998
0.0

1.4362
1.4252
1.4144
1.4038
1.3933
1.3829
1.3726
1.3624
1.3523
1.3423
1.3323
1.3224
1.3125
1.3026
1.2928
1.2829
1.2730
1.2631
1.2531
1.2430
1.2328
1.2226
1.2121
1.2015
1.1907
1.1797
1.1683
1.1567
1.1446
1.1321
1.1190
1.1053
1.0909
1.0754
1.0588
1.0406
1.0203
0.9972
0.9697
0.9342
0.8776
0.7680

802

APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES

TABLE B.3.2

Superheated C arbon D ioxide

Temp.
( C )

v
(m3/kg)

u
(kJ /kg)

h
(kJ /kg)

s
(kJ /kg-K )

v
(m3/kg)

400 kPa(NA)
Sat.
40
20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260

0.10499
0.11538
0.12552
0.13551
0.14538
0.15518
0.16491
0.17460
0.18425
0.19388
0.20348
0.21307
0.22264
0.23219
0.24173
0.25127

292.46
305.30
318.31
331.57
345.14
359.03
373.25
387.80
402.67
417.86
433.35
449.13
465.20
481.55
498.16
515.02

334.46
351.46
368.51
385.77
403.29
421.10
439.21
457.64
476.37
495.41
514.74
534.36
554.26
574.42
594.85
615.53

0.03845
0.04342
0.04799
0.05236
0.05660
0.06074
0.06482
0.06885
0.07284
0.07680
0.08074
0.08465
0.08856
0.09244
0.09632
0.10019
0.10405

283.94
298.89
313.15
327.27
341.46
355.82
370.42
385.26
400.38
415.77
431.43
447.36
463.56
480.01
496.72
513.67
530.86

322.39
342.31
361.14
379.63
398.05
416.56
435.23
454.11
473.22
492.57
512.17
532.02
552.11
572.46
593.04
613.86
634.90

h
(kJ /kg)

s
(kJ /kg-K )

800 kPa(46.00 C)

1.5947
1.6646
1.7295
1.7904
1.8482
1.9033
1.9561
2.0069
2.0558
2.1030
2.1487
2.1930
2.2359
2.2777
2.3183
2.3578

0.04783
0.04966
0.05546
0.06094
0.06623
0.07140
0.07648
0.08150
0.08647
0.09141
0.09631
0.10119
0.10606
0.11090
0.11573
0.12056
0.12537

1000 kPa(40.12 C)
Sat.
20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280

u
(kJ /kg)

282.69
287.05
301.13
314.92
328.73
342.70
356.90
371.37
386.11
401.15
416.47
432.07
447.95
464.11
480.52
497.20
514.12

320.95
326.78
345.49
363.67
381.72
399.82
418.09
436.57
455.29
474.27
493.52
513.03
532.80
552.83
573.11
593.64
614.41

1.4145
1.4398
1.5168
1.5859
1.6497
1.7094
1.7660
1.8199
1.8714
1.9210
1.9687
2.0148
2.0594
2.1027
2.1447
2.1855
2.2252

1400 kPa(30.58 C)
1.3835
1.4655
1.5371
1.6025
1.6633
1.7206
1.7750
1.8270
1.8768
1.9249
1.9712
2.0160
2.0594
2.1015
2.1424
2.1822
2.2209

0.02750
0.02957
0.03315
0.03648
0.03966
0.04274
0.04575
0.04870
0.05161
0.05450
0.05736
0.06020
0.06302
0.06583
0.06863
0.07141
0.07419

285.37
294.04
309.42
324.23
338.90
353.62
368.48
383.54
398.83
414.36
430.14
446.17
462.45
478.98
495.76
512.77
530.01

323.87
335.44
355.83
375.30
394.42
413.45
432.52
451.72
471.09
490.66
510.44
530.45
550.68
571.14
591.83
612.74
633.88

1.3352
1.3819
1.4595
1.5283
1.5914
1.6503
1.7059
1.7588
1.8093
1.8579
1.9046
1.9498
1.9935
2.0358
2.0770
2.1169
2.1558

APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES

803

TABLE B.3.2 (continued)

Superheated C arbon D ioxide

Temp.
( C )

v
(m3/kg)

u
(kJ /kg)

h
(kJ /kg)

s
(kJ /kg-K )

v
(m3/kg)

2000 kPa(19.50 C)
Sat.
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
300

0.01903
0.02193
0.02453
0.02693
0.02922
0.03143
0.03359
0.03570
0.03777
0.03982
0.04186
0.04387
0.04587
0.04786
0.04983
0.05180
0.05377

285.88
303.24
319.37
334.88
350.19
365.49
380.90
396.46
412.22
428.18
444.37
460.79
477.43
494.31
511.41
528.73
546.26

323.95
347.09
368.42
388.75
408.64
428.36
448.07
467.85
487.76
507.83
528.08
548.53
569.17
590.02
611.08
632.34
653.80

0.00474

0.00670
0.00801
0.00908
0.01004
0.01092
0.01176
0.01257
0.01335
0.01411
0.01485
0.01558
0.01630
0.01701
0.01771
0.01840

261.97

298.62
322.51
342.74
361.47
379.47
397.10
414.56
431.97
449.40
466.91
484.52
502.27
520.15
538.18
556.37

290.42

338.82
370.54
397.21
421.69
445.02
467.68
489.97
512.06
534.04
556.01
578.00
600.05
622.19
644.44
666.80

h
(kJ /kg)

s
(kJ /kg-K )

3000 kPa(5.55 C)
1.2804
1.3684
1.4438
1.5109
1.5725
1.6300
1.6843
1.7359
1.7853
1.8327
1.8784
1.9226
1.9653
2.0068
2.0470
2.0862
2.1243

0.01221
0.01293
0.01512
0.01698
0.01868
0.02029
0.02182
0.02331
0.02477
0.02619
0.02759
0.02898
0.03035
0.03171
0.03306
0.03440
0.03573

6000 kPa(21.98 C)
Sat.
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
300
320

u
(kJ /kg)

284.09
290.52
310.21
327.61
344.14
360.30
376.35
392.42
408.57
424.87
441.34
457.99
474.83
491.88
509.13
526.59
544.25

320.71
329.32
355.56
378.55
400.19
421.16
441.82
462.35
482.87
503.44
524.12
544.92
565.88
587.01
608.30
629.78
651.43

1.2098
1.2416
1.3344
1.4104
1.4773
1.5385
1.5954
1.6490
1.6999
1.7485
1.7952
1.8401
1.8835
1.9255
1.9662
2.0057
2.0442

10 000 kPa
1.0206

1.1806
1.2789
1.3567
1.4241
1.4850
1.5413
1.5939
1.6438
1.6913
1.7367
1.7804
1.8226
1.8634
1.9029
1.9412

0.00117
0.00159
0.00345
0.00451
0.00530
0.00598
0.00658
0.00715
0.00768
0.00819
0.00868
0.00916
0.00962
0.01008
0.01053
0.01097

118.12
184.23
277.63
312.82
338.20
360.19
380.54
399.99
418.94
437.61
456.12
474.58
493.03
511.53
530.11
548.77

129.80
200.14
312.11
357.95
391.24
419.96
446.38
471.46
495.73
519.49
542.91
566.14
589.26
612.32
635.37
658.46

0.4594
0.6906
1.0389
1.1728
1.2646
1.3396
1.4051
1.4644
1.5192
1.5705
1.6190
1.6652
1.7094
1.7518
1.7928
1.8324

804

APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES

TABLE B.4

T hermodynamic Properties of R-410a

TABLE B.4.1

Saturated R-410a
Specic Volume, m3/kg

Internal E nergy, kJ /kg

Temp.
( C )

Press.
(kPa)

Sat. L iquid
vf

E vap.
vfg

Sat. Vapor
vg

Sat. L iquid
uf

E vap.
u fg

Sat. Vapor
ug

60
55
51.4
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
71.3

64.1
84.0
101.3
108.7
138.8
175.0
218.4
269.6
329.7
399.6
480.4
573.1
678.9
798.7
933.9
1085.7
1255.4
1444.2
1653.6
1885.1
2140.2
2420.7
2728.3
3065.2
3433.7
3836.9
4278.3
4763.1
4901.2

0.000727
0.000735
0.000741
0.000743
0.000752
0.000762
0.000771
0.000781
0.000792
0.000803
0.000815
0.000827
0.000841
0.000855
0.000870
0.000886
0.000904
0.000923
0.000944
0.000968
0.000995
0.001025
0.001060
0.001103
0.001156
0.001227
0.001338
0.001619
0

0.36772
0.28484
0.23875
0.22344
0.17729
0.14215
0.11505
0.09392
0.07726
0.06400
0.05334
0.04470
0.03764
0.03182
0.02699
0.02295
0.01955
0.01666
0.01420
0.01208
0.01025
0.00865
0.00723
0.00597
0.00482
0.00374
0.00265
0.00124
0.00000

0.36845
0.28558
0.23949
0.22418
0.17804
0.14291
0.11582
0.09470
0.07805
0.06480
0.05416
0.04553
0.03848
0.03267
0.02786
0.02383
0.02045
0.01758
0.01514
0.01305
0.01124
0.00967
0.00829
0.00707
0.00598
0.00497
0.00399
0.00286
0.00218

27.50
20.70
15.78
13.88
7.02
0.13
6.80
13.78
20.82
27.92
35.08
42.32
49.65
57.07
64.60
72.24
80.02
87.94
96.03
104.32
112.83
121.61
130.72
140.27
150.44
161.57
174.59
194.53
215.78

256.41
251.89
248.59
247.31
242.67
237.95
233.14
228.23
223.21
218.07
212.79
207.36
201.75
195.95
189.93
183.66
177.10
170.21
162.95
155.24
147.00
138.11
128.41
117.63
105.34
90.70
71.59
37.47
0

228.91
231.19
232.81
233.43
235.64
237.81
239.94
242.01
244.03
245.99
247.88
249.69
251.41
253.02
254.53
255.90
257.12
258.16
258.98
259.56
259.83
259.72
259.13
257.90
255.78
252.27
246.19
232.01
215.78

APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES

805

TABLE B.4.1 (continued)

Saturated R-410a

E nthalpy, kJ /kg
Temp.
( C )

Press.
(kPa)

60
55
51.4
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
71.3

64.1
84.0
101.3
108.7
138.8
175.0
218.4
269.6
329.7
399.6
480.4
573.1
678.9
798.7
933.9
1085.7
1255.4
1444.2
1653.6
1885.1
2140.2
2420.7
2728.3
3065.2
3433.7
3836.9
4278.3
4763.1
4901.2

Sat. L iquid
hf
27.45
20.64
15.70
13.80
6.92
0.00
6.97
13.99
21.08
28.24
35.47
42.80
50.22
57.76
65.41
73.21
81.15
89.27
97.59
106.14
114.95
124.09
133.61
143.65
154.41
166.28
180.32
202.24
226.46

E ntropy, kJ /kg-K

E vap.
h fg

Sat. Vapor
hg

Sat. L iquid
sf

E vap.
sf g

Sat. Vapor
sg

279.96
275.83
272.78
271.60
267.27
262.83
258.26
253.55
248.69
243.65
238.42
232.98
227.31
221.37
215.13
208.57
201.64
194.28
186.43
178.02
168.94
159.04
148.14
135.93
121.89
105.04
82.95
43.40
0

252.51
255.19
257.08
257.80
260.35
262.83
265.23
267.54
269.77
271.89
273.90
275.78
277.53
279.12
280.55
281.78
282.79
283.55
284.02
284.16
283.89
283.13
281.76
279.58
276.30
271.33
263.26
245.64
226.46

0.1227
0.0912
0.0688
0.0603
0.0299
0.0000
0.0294
0.0585
0.0871
0.1154
0.1435
0.1713
0.1989
0.2264
0.2537
0.2810
0.3083
0.3357
0.3631
0.3908
0.4189
0.4473
0.4765
0.5067
0.5384
0.5729
0.6130
0.6752
0.7449

1.3135
1.2644
1.2301
1.2171
1.1715
1.1273
1.0844
1.0428
1.0022
0.9625
0.9236
0.8854
0.8477
0.8104
0.7734
0.7366
0.6998
0.6627
0.6253
0.5872
0.5482
0.5079
0.4656
0.4206
0.3715
0.3153
0.2453
0.1265
0

1.1907
1.1732
1.1613
1.1568
1.1416
1.1273
1.1139
1.1012
1.0893
1.0779
1.0671
1.0567
1.0466
1.0368
1.0272
1.0176
1.0081
0.9984
0.9884
0.9781
0.9671
0.9552
0.9421
0.9273
0.9099
0.8882
0.8583
0.8017
0.7449

806

APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES

TABLE B.4.2

Superheated R-410a
Temp.
( C )

v
(m3/kg)

u
(kJ /kg)

h
(kJ /kg)

s
(kJ /kg-K )

v
(m3/kg)

50 kPa(64.34 C)
Sat.
60
40
20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240

0.46484
0.47585
0.52508
0.57295
0.62016
0.66698
0.71355
0.75995
0.80623
0.85243
0.89857
0.94465
0.99070
1.03671
1.08270
1.12867
1.17462

226.90
229.60
241.94
254.51
267.52
281.05
295.15
309.84
325.11
340.99
357.46
374.50
392.12
410.28
428.98
448.19
467.90

250.15
253.40
268.20
283.16
298.53
314.40
330.83
347.83
365.43
383.61
402.38
421.74
441.65
462.12
483.11
504.63
526.63

0.16540
0.16851
0.18613
0.20289
0.21921
0.23525
0.25112
0.26686
0.28251
0.29810
0.31364
0.32915
0.34462
0.36006
0.37548
0.39089
0.40628

236.36
238.72
252.34
265.90
279.78
294.12
308.97
324.37
340.35
356.89
374.00
391.66
409.87
428.60
447.84
467.58
487.78

261.17
263.99
280.26
296.33
312.66
329.40
346.64
364.40
382.72
401.60
421.04
441.03
461.56
482.61
504.16
526.21
548.73

h
(kJ /kg)

s
(kJ /kg-K )

100 kPa(51.65 C)
1.2070
1.2225
1.2888
1.3504
1.4088
1.4649
1.5191
1.5717
1.6230
1.6731
1.7221
1.7701
1.8171
1.8633
1.9087
1.9532
1.9969

0.24247

0.25778
0.28289
0.30723
0.33116
0.35483
0.37833
0.40171
0.42500
0.44822
0.47140
0.49453
0.51764
0.54072
0.56378
0.58682

150 kPa(43.35 C)
Sat.
40
20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260

u
(kJ /kg)

232.70

240.40
253.44
266.72
280.42
294.64
309.40
324.75
340.67
357.17
374.25
391.89
410.07
428.79
448.02
467.74

256.94

266.18
281.73
297.44
313.54
330.12
347.24
364.92
383.17
401.99
421.39
441.34
461.84
482.86
504.40
526.42

1.1621

1.2027
1.2667
1.3265
1.3833
1.4380
1.4910
1.5425
1.5928
1.6419
1.6901
1.7372
1.7835
1.8289
1.8734
1.9172

200 kPa(37.01 C)
1.1368
1.1489
1.2159
1.2770
1.3347
1.3899
1.4433
1.4950
1.5455
1.5948
1.6430
1.6902
1.7366
1.7820
1.8266
1.8705
1.9135

0.12591

0.13771
0.15070
0.16322
0.17545
0.18750
0.19943
0.21127
0.22305
0.23477
0.24645
0.25810
0.26973
0.28134
0.29293
0.30450

239.09

251.18
265.06
279.13
293.59
308.53
324.00
340.02
356.60
373.74
391.43
409.66
428.41
447.67
467.41
487.63

264.27

278.72
295.20
311.78
328.68
346.03
363.89
382.28
401.21
420.70
440.72
461.28
482.35
503.93
526.00
548.53

1.1192

1.1783
1.2410
1.2995
1.3553
1.4090
1.4610
1.5117
1.5611
1.6094
1.6568
1.7032
1.7487
1.7933
1.8372
1.8803

APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES

807

TABLE B.4.2 (continued)

Superheated R-410a

Temp.
( C )

v
(m3/kg)

u
(kJ /kg)

h
(kJ /kg)

s
(kJ /kg-K )

v
(m3/kg)

300 kPa(27.37 C)
Sat.
20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280

0.08548
0.08916
0.09845
0.10720
0.11564
0.12388
0.13200
0.14003
0.14798
0.15589
0.16376
0.17159
0.17940
0.18719
0.19496
0.20272
0.21046

243.08
248.71
263.33
277.81
292.53
307.65
323.25
339.37
356.03
373.23
390.97
409.24
428.03
447.31
467.09
487.33
508.02

268.72
275.46
292.87
309.96
327.22
344.81
362.85
381.38
400.43
420.00
440.10
460.72
481.85
503.47
525.58
548.15
571.16

0.05208
0.05651
0.06231
0.06775
0.07297
0.07804
0.08302
0.08793
0.09279
0.09760
0.10238
0.10714
0.11187
0.11659
0.12129
0.12598
0.13066

248.29
259.59
275.02
290.32
305.84
321.72
338.05
354.87
372.20
390.05
408.40
427.26
446.61
466.44
486.73
507.46
528.62

274.33
287.84
306.18
324.20
342.32
360.74
379.56
398.84
418.60
438.85
459.59
480.83
502.55
524.73
547.37
570.45
593.95

h
(kJ /kg)

s
(kJ /kg-K )

400 kPa(19.98 C)
1.0949
1.1219
1.1881
1.2485
1.3054
1.3599
1.4125
1.4635
1.5132
1.5617
1.6093
1.6558
1.7014
1.7462
1.7901
1.8332
1.8756

0.06475

0.07227
0.07916
0.08571
0.09207
0.09828
0.10440
0.11045
0.11645
0.12241
0.12834
0.13424
0.14012
0.14598
0.15182
0.15766

500 kPa(13.89 C)
Sat.
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
300

u
(kJ /kg)

246.00

261.51
276.44
291.44
306.75
322.49
338.72
355.45
372.72
390.51
408.82
427.64
446.96
466.76
487.03
507.74

271.90

290.42
308.10
325.72
343.58
361.80
380.48
399.64
419.30
439.47
460.16
481.34
503.01
525.15
547.76
570.81

1.0779

1.1483
1.2108
1.2689
1.3242
1.3773
1.4288
1.4788
1.5276
1.5752
1.6219
1.6676
1.7125
1.7565
1.7997
1.8422

600 kPa(8.67 C)
1.0647
1.1155
1.1803
1.2398
1.2959
1.3496
1.4014
1.4517
1.5007
1.5486
1.5954
1.6413
1.6862
1.7303
1.7736
1.8161
1.8578

0.04351
0.04595
0.05106
0.05576
0.06023
0.06455
0.06877
0.07292
0.07701
0.08106
0.08508
0.08907
0.09304
0.09700
0.10093
0.10486
0.10877

250.15
257.54
273.56
289.19
304.91
320.94
337.38
354.29
371.68
389.58
407.98
426.88
446.26
466.11
486.42
507.18
528.36

276.26
285.12
304.20
322.64
341.05
359.67
378.65
398.04
417.89
438.22
459.03
480.32
502.08
524.31
546.98
570.09
593.62

1.0540
1.0869
1.1543
1.2152
1.2722
1.3265
1.3787
1.4294
1.4786
1.5266
1.5736
1.6196
1.6646
1.7088
1.7521
1.7947
1.8365

808

APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES

TABLE B.4.2 (continued)

Superheated R-410a

Temp.
( C )

v
(m3/kg)

u
(kJ /kg)

h
(kJ /kg)

s
(kJ /kg-K )

v
(m3/kg)

800 kPa(0.05 C)
Sat.
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
300

0.03262
0.03693
0.04074
0.04429
0.04767
0.05095
0.05415
0.05729
0.06039
0.06345
0.06649
0.06951
0.07251
0.07549
0.07846
0.08142

253.04
270.47
286.83
303.01
319.36
336.03
353.11
370.64
388.65
407.13
426.10
445.55
465.46
485.82
506.61
527.83

279.14
300.02
319.42
338.44
357.49
376.79
396.42
416.47
436.96
457.90
479.30
501.15
523.46
546.21
569.38
592.97

0.02145
0.02260
0.02563
0.02830
0.03077
0.03311
0.03537
0.03756
0.03971
0.04183
0.04391
0.04597
0.04802
0.05005
0.05207
0.05407
0.05607

256.75
263.39
281.72
299.00
316.06
333.24
350.69
368.51
386.75
405.43
424.55
444.12
464.14
484.60
505.48
526.77
548.47

282.50
290.51
312.48
332.96
352.98
372.97
393.13
413.59
434.40
455.62
477.24
499.29
521.77
544.66
567.96
591.66
615.75

h
(kJ /kg)

s
(kJ /kg-K )

1000 kPa(7.25 C)
1.0367
1.1105
1.1746
1.2334
1.2890
1.3421
1.3934
1.4431
1.4915
1.5388
1.5850
1.6302
1.6746
1.7181
1.7607
1.8026

0.02596
0.02838
0.03170
0.03470
0.03753
0.04025
0.04288
0.04545
0.04798
0.05048
0.05294
0.05539
0.05781
0.06023
0.06262
0.06501

1200 kPa(13.43 C)
Sat.
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
300
320

u
(kJ /kg)

255.16
267.11
284.35
301.04
317.73
334.65
351.91
369.58
387.70
406.28
425.33
444.84
464.80
485.21
506.05
527.30

281.12
295.49
316.05
335.75
355.27
374.89
394.79
415.04
435.68
456.76
478.27
500.23
522.62
545.43
568.67
592.31

1.0229
1.0730
1.1409
1.2019
1.2588
1.3128
1.3648
1.4150
1.4638
1.5113
1.5578
1.6032
1.6477
1.6914
1.7341
1.7761

1400 kPa(18.88 C)
1.0111
1.0388
1.1113
1.1747
1.2331
1.2881
1.3408
1.3915
1.4407
1.4886
1.5353
1.5809
1.6256
1.6693
1.7122
1.7543
1.7956

0.01819
0.01838
0.02127
0.02371
0.02593
0.02801
0.03000
0.03192
0.03380
0.03565
0.03746
0.03925
0.04102
0.04278
0.04452
0.04626
0.04798

257.94
259.18
278.93
296.88
314.35
331.80
349.46
367.43
385.79
404.56
423.77
443.41
463.49
483.99
504.91
526.25
547.97

283.40
284.90
308.71
330.07
350.64
371.01
391.46
412.13
433.12
454.47
476.21
498.36
520.92
543.88
567.25
591.01
615.14

1.0006
1.0057
1.0843
1.1505
1.2105
1.2666
1.3199
1.3712
1.4208
1.4690
1.5160
1.5618
1.6066
1.6505
1.6936
1.7358
1.7772

APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES

809

TABLE B.4.2 (continued)

Superheated R-410a

Temp.
( C )

v
(m3/kg)

u
(kJ /kg)

h
(kJ /kg)

s
(kJ /kg-K )

v
(m3/kg)

1800 kPa(28.22 C)
Sat.
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
300
320
340

0.01376
0.01534
0.01754
0.01945
0.02119
0.02283
0.02441
0.02593
0.02741
0.02886
0.03029
0.03170
0.03309
0.03447
0.03584
0.03720
0.03855

259.38
272.67
292.34
310.76
328.84
346.93
365.24
383.85
402.82
422.19
441.97
462.16
482.77
503.78
525.19
546.98
569.15

284.15
300.29
323.92
345.77
366.98
388.03
409.17
430.51
452.16
474.14
496.49
519.22
542.34
565.83
589.70
613.94
638.54

0.00729
0.00858
0.01025
0.01159
0.01277
0.01387
0.01489
0.01588
0.01683
0.01775
0.01865
0.01954
0.02041
0.02127
0.02212
0.02296
0.02379

258.19
274.96
298.38
319.07
338.84
358.32
377.80
397.46
417.37
437.60
458.16
479.08
500.37
522.01
544.02
566.37
589.07

280.06
300.70
329.12
353.84
377.16
399.92
422.49
445.09
467.85
490.84
514.11
537.69
561.59
585.81
610.37
635.25
660.45

h
(kJ /kg)

s
(kJ /kg-K )

2000 kPa(32.31 C)
0.9818
1.0344
1.1076
1.1713
1.2297
1.2847
1.3371
1.3875
1.4364
1.4839
1.5301
1.5753
1.6195
1.6627
1.7051
1.7467
1.7875

0.01218
0.01321
0.01536
0.01717
0.01880
0.02032
0.02177
0.02317
0.02452
0.02585
0.02715
0.02844
0.02970
0.03095
0.03220
0.03343
0.03465

3000 kPa(49.07 C)
Sat.
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
300
320
340
360

u
(kJ /kg)

259.72
269.07
289.90
308.88
327.30
345.64
364.12
382.86
401.94
421.40
441.25
461.50
482.16
503.21
524.66
546.49
568.69

284.09
295.49
320.62
343.22
364.91
386.29
407.66
429.20
450.99
473.10
495.55
518.37
541.56
565.12
589.05
613.35
637.99

0.9731
1.0099
1.0878
1.1537
1.2134
1.2693
1.3223
1.3732
1.4224
1.4701
1.5166
1.5619
1.6063
1.6497
1.6922
1.7338
1.7747

4000 kPa(61.90 C)
0.9303
0.9933
1.0762
1.1443
1.2052
1.2617
1.3150
1.3661
1.4152
1.4628
1.5091
1.5541
1.5981
1.6411
1.6833
1.7245
1.7650

0.00460

0.00661
0.00792
0.00897
0.00990
0.01076
0.01156
0.01232
0.01305
0.01377
0.01446
0.01514
0.01581
0.01647
0.01712
0.01776

250.37

285.02
309.62
331.39
352.14
372.51
392.82
413.25
433.88
454.79
475.99
497.51
519.37
541.55
564.06
586.90

268.76

311.48
341.29
367.29
391.75
415.53
439.05
462.52
486.10
509.85
533.83
558.08
582.60
607.42
632.54
657.95

0.8782

1.0028
1.0850
1.1529
1.2136
1.2698
1.3229
1.3736
1.4224
1.4696
1.5155
1.5601
1.6037
1.6462
1.6879
1.7286

810

APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES

TABLE B.5

T hermodynamic Properties of R-134a

TABLE B.5.1

Saturated R-134a
Specic Volume, m3/kg

Internal E nergy, kJ /kg

Temp.
( C )

Press.
(kPa)

Sat. L iquid
vf

E vap.
vfg

Sat. Vapor
vg

Sat. L iquid
uf

E vap.
u fg

Sat. Vapor
ug

70
65
60
55
50
45
40
35
30
26.3
25
20
15
10
5
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
101.2

8.3
11.7
16.3
22.2
29.9
39.6
51.8
66.8
85.1
101.3
107.2
133.7
165.0
201.7
244.5
294.0
350.9
415.8
489.5
572.8
666.3
771.0
887.6
1017.0
1160.2
1318.1
1491.6
1681.8
1889.9
2117.0
2364.4
2633.6
2926.2
3244.5
3591.5
3973.2
4064.0

0.000675
0.000679
0.000684
0.000689
0.000695
0.000701
0.000708
0.000715
0.000722
0.000728
0.000730
0.000738
0.000746
0.000755
0.000764
0.000773
0.000783
0.000794
0.000805
0.000817
0.000829
0.000843
0.000857
0.000873
0.000890
0.000908
0.000928
0.000951
0.000976
0.001005
0.001038
0.001078
0.001128
0.001195
0.001297
0.001557
0.001969

1.97207
1.42915
1.05199
0.78609
0.59587
0.45783
0.35625
0.28051
0.22330
0.18947
0.17957
0.14576
0.11932
0.09845
0.08181
0.06842
0.05755
0.04866
0.04133
0.03524
0.03015
0.02587
0.02224
0.01915
0.01650
0.01422
0.01224
0.01051
0.00899
0.00765
0.00645
0.00537
0.00437
0.00341
0.00243
0.00108
0

1.97274
1.42983
1.05268
0.78678
0.59657
0.45853
0.35696
0.28122
0.22402
0.19020
0.18030
0.14649
0.12007
0.09921
0.08257
0.06919
0.05833
0.04945
0.04213
0.03606
0.03098
0.02671
0.02310
0.02002
0.01739
0.01512
0.01316
0.01146
0.00997
0.00866
0.00749
0.00645
0.00550
0.00461
0.00373
0.00264
0.00197

119.46
123.18
127.52
132.36
137.60
143.15
148.95
154.93
161.06
165.73
167.30
173.65
180.07
186.57
193.14
199.77
206.48
213.25
220.10
227.03
234.04
241.14
248.34
255.65
263.08
270.63
278.33
286.19
294.24
302.51
311.06
319.96
329.35
339.51
351.17
368.55
382.97

218.74
217.76
216.19
214.14
211.71
208.99
206.05
202.93
199.67
197.16
196.31
192.85
189.32
185.70
182.01
178.24
174.38
170.42
166.35
162.16
157.83
153.34
148.68
143.81
138.71
133.35
127.68
121.66
115.22
108.27
100.68
92.26
82.67
71.24
56.25
28.19
0

338.20
340.94
343.71
346.50
349.31
352.15
355.00
357.86
360.73
362.89
363.61
366.50
369.39
372.27
375.15
378.01
380.85
383.67
386.45
389.19
391.87
394.48
397.02
399.46
401.79
403.98
406.01
407.85
409.46
410.78
411.74
412.22
412.01
410.75
407.42
396.74
382.97

APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES

811

TABLE B.5.1 (continued)

Saturated R-134a

E nthalpy, kJ /kg

E ntropy, kJ /k-K

Temp.
( C )

Press.
(kPa)

Sat. L iquid
hf

E vap.
h fg

Sat. Vapor
hg

Sat. L iquid
sf

E vap.
sf g

Sat. Vapor
sg

70
65
60
55
50
45
40
35
30
26.3
25
20
15
10
5
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
101.2

8.3
11.7
16.3
22.2
29.9
39.6
51.8
66.8
85.1
101.3
107.2
133.7
165.0
201.7
244.5
294.0
350.9
415.8
489.5
572.8
666.3
771.0
887.6
1017.0
1160.2
1318.1
1491.6
1681.8
1889.9
2117.0
2364.4
2633.6
2926.2
3244.5
3591.5
3973.2
4064.0

119.47
123.18
127.53
132.37
137.62
143.18
148.98
154.98
161.12
165.80
167.38
173.74
180.19
186.72
193.32
200.00
206.75
213.58
220.49
227.49
234.59
241.79
249.10
256.54
264.11
271.83
279.72
287.79
296.09
304.64
313.51
322.79
332.65
343.38
355.83
374.74
390.98

235.15
234.55
233.33
231.63
229.54
227.14
224.50
221.67
218.68
216.36
215.57
212.34
209.00
205.56
202.02
198.36
194.57
190.65
186.58
182.35
177.92
173.29
168.42
163.28
157.85
152.08
145.93
139.33
132.21
124.47
115.94
106.40
95.45
82.31
64.98
32.47
0

354.62
357.73
360.86
364.00
367.16
370.32
373.48
376.64
379.80
382.16
382.95
386.08
389.20
392.28
395.34
398.36
401.32
404.23
407.07
409.84
412.51
415.08
417.52
419.82
421.96
423.91
425.65
427.13
428.30
429.11
429.45
429.19
428.10
425.70
420.81
407.21
390.98

0.6645
0.6825
0.7031
0.7256
0.7493
0.7740
0.7991
0.8245
0.8499
0.8690
0.8754
0.9007
0.9258
0.9507
0.9755
1.0000
1.0243
1.0485
1.0725
1.0963
1.1201
1.1437
1.1673
1.1909
1.2145
1.2381
1.2619
1.2857
1.3099
1.3343
1.3592
1.3849
1.4117
1.4404
1.4733
1.5228
1.5658

1.1575
1.1268
1.0947
1.0618
1.0286
0.9956
0.9629
0.9308
0.8994
0.8763
0.8687
0.8388
0.8096
0.7812
0.7534
0.7262
0.6995
0.6733
0.6475
0.6220
0.5967
0.5716
0.5465
0.5214
0.4962
0.4706
0.4447
0.4182
0.3910
0.3627
0.3330
0.3013
0.2665
0.2267
0.1765
0.0870
0

1.8220
1.8094
1.7978
1.7874
1.7780
1.7695
1.7620
1.7553
1.7493
1.7453
1.7441
1.7395
1.7354
1.7319
1.7288
1.7262
1.7239
1.7218
1.7200
1.7183
1.7168
1.7153
1.7139
1.7123
1.7106
1.7088
1.7066
1.7040
1.7008
1.6970
1.6923
1.6862
1.6782
1.6671
1.6498
1.6098
1.5658

812

APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES

TABLE B.5.2

Superheated R-134a
Temp.
( C )

v
(m3/kg)

u
(kJ /kg)

h
(kJ /kg)

s
(kJ /kg-K )

v
(m3/kg)

50 kPa(40.67 C)
Sat.
20
10
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130

0.36889
0.40507
0.42222
0.43921
0.45608
0.47287
0.48958
0.50623
0.52284
0.53941
0.55595
0.57247
0.58896
0.60544
0.62190
0.63835
0.65479

354.61
368.57
375.53
382.63
389.90
397.32
404.90
412.64
420.55
428.63
436.86
445.26
453.82
462.53
471.41
480.44
489.63

373.06
388.82
396.64
404.59
412.70
420.96
429.38
437.96
446.70
455.60
464.66
473.88
483.26
492.81
502.50
512.36
522.37

0.13139
0.13602
0.14222
0.14828
0.15424
0.16011
0.16592
0.17168
0.17740
0.18308
0.18874
0.19437
0.19999
0.20559
0.21117
0.21675
0.22231

368.06
373.44
380.85
388.36
395.98
403.71
411.59
419.60
427.76
436.06
444.52
453.13
461.89
470.80
479.87
489.08
498.45

387.77
393.84
402.19
410.60
419.11
427.73
436.47
445.35
454.37
463.53
472.83
482.28
491.89
501.64
511.54
521.60
531.80

h
(kJ /kg)

s
(kJ /kg-K )

100 kPa(26.54 C)
1.7629
1.8279
1.8582
1.8878
1.9170
1.9456
1.9739
2.0017
2.0292
2.0563
2.0831
2.1096
2.1358
2.1617
2.1874
2.2128
2.2379

0.19257
0.19860
0.20765
0.21652
0.22527
0.23392
0.24250
0.25101
0.25948
0.26791
0.27631
0.28468
0.29302
0.30135
0.30967
0.31797
0.32626

150 kPa(17.29 C)
Sat.
10
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140

u
(kJ /kg)

362.73
367.36
374.51
381.76
389.14
396.66
404.31
412.12
420.08
428.20
436.47
444.89
453.47
462.21
471.11
480.16
489.36

381.98
387.22
395.27
403.41
411.67
420.05
428.56
437.22
446.03
454.99
464.10
473.36
482.78
492.35
502.07
511.95
521.98

1.7456
1.7665
1.7978
1.8281
1.8578
1.8869
1.9155
1.9436
1.9712
1.9985
2.0255
2.0521
2.0784
2.1044
2.1301
2.1555
2.1807

200 kPa(10.22 C)
1.7372
1.7606
1.7917
1.8220
1.8515
1.8804
1.9088
1.9367
1.9642
1.9913
2.0180
2.0444
2.0705
2.0963
2.1218
2.1470
2.1720

0.10002
0.10013
0.10501
0.10974
0.11436
0.11889
0.12335
0.12776
0.13213
0.13646
0.14076
0.14504
0.14930
0.15355
0.15777
0.16199
0.16620

372.15
372.31
379.91
387.55
395.27
403.10
411.04
419.11
427.31
435.65
444.14
452.78
461.56
470.50
479.58
488.81
498.19

392.15
392.34
400.91
409.50
418.15
426.87
435.71
444.66
453.74
462.95
472.30
481.79
491.42
501.21
511.13
521.21
531.43

1.7320
1.7328
1.7647
1.7956
1.8256
1.8549
1.8836
1.9117
1.9394
1.9666
1.9935
2.0200
2.0461
2.0720
2.0976
2.1229
2.1479

APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES

813

TABLE B.5.2 (continued)

Superheated R-134a

Temp.
( C )

v
(m3/kg)

u
(kJ /kg)

h
(kJ /kg)

s
(kJ /kg-K )

v
(m3/kg)

300 kPa(0.56 C)
Sat.
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160

0.06787
0.07111
0.07441
0.07762
0.08075
0.08382
0.08684
0.08982
0.09277
0.09570
0.09861
0.10150
0.10437
0.10723
0.11008
0.11292
0.11575

378.33
385.84
393.80
401.81
409.90
418.09
426.39
434.82
443.37
452.07
460.90
469.87
478.99
488.26
497.66
507.22
516.91

398.69
407.17
416.12
425.10
434.12
443.23
452.44
461.76
471.21
480.78
490.48
500.32
510.30
520.43
530.69
541.09
551.64

0.04126
0.04226
0.04446
0.04656
0.04858
0.05055
0.05247
0.05435
0.05620
0.05804
0.05985
0.06164
0.06342
0.06518
0.06694
0.06869
0.07043

386.82
390.52
398.99
407.44
415.91
424.44
433.06
441.77
450.59
459.53
468.60
477.79
487.13
496.59
506.20
515.95
525.83

407.45
411.65
421.22
430.72
440.20
449.72
459.29
468.94
478.69
488.55
498.52
508.61
518.83
529.19
539.67
550.29
561.04

h
(kJ /kg)

s
(kJ /kg-K )

400 kPa(8.84 C)
1.7259
1.7564
1.7874
1.8175
1.8468
1.8755
1.9035
1.9311
1.9582
1.9850
2.0113
2.0373
2.0631
2.0885
2.1136
2.1385
2.1631

0.05136
0.05168
0.05436
0.05693
0.05940
0.06181
0.06417
0.06648
0.06877
0.07102
0.07325
0.07547
0.07767
0.07985
0.08202
0.08418
0.08634

500 kPa(15.66 C)
Sat.
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170

u
(kJ /kg)

383.02
383.98
392.22
400.45
408.70
417.03
425.44
433.95
442.58
451.34
460.22
469.24
478.40
487.69
497.13
506.71
516.43

403.56
404.65
413.97
423.22
432.46
441.75
451.10
460.55
470.09
479.75
489.52
499.43
509.46
519.63
529.94
540.38
550.97

1.7223
1.7261
1.7584
1.7895
1.8195
1.8487
1.8772
1.9051
1.9325
1.9595
1.9860
2.0122
2.0381
2.0636
2.0889
2.1139
2.1386

600 kPa(21.52 C)
1.7198
1.7342
1.7663
1.7971
1.8270
1.8560
1.8843
1.9120
1.9392
1.9660
1.9924
2.0184
2.0440
2.0694
2.0945
2.1193
2.1438

0.03442

0.03609
0.03796
0.03974
0.04145
0.04311
0.04473
0.04632
0.04788
0.04943
0.05095
0.05246
0.05396
0.05544
0.05692
0.05839

390.01

397.44
406.11
414.75
423.41
432.13
440.93
449.82
458.82
467.94
477.18
486.55
496.05
505.69
515.46
525.36

410.66

419.09
428.88
438.59
448.28
457.99
467.76
477.61
487.55
497.59
507.75
518.03
528.43
538.95
549.61
560.40

1.7179

1.7461
1.7779
1.8084
1.8379
1.8666
1.8947
1.9222
1.9492
1.9758
2.0019
2.0277
2.0532
2.0784
2.1033
2.1279

814

APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES

TABLE B.5.2 (continued)

Superheated R-134a

Temp.
( C )

v
(m3/kg)

u
(kJ /kg)

h
(kJ /kg)

s
(kJ /kg-K )

v
(m3/kg)

800 kPa(31.30 C)
Sat.
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
180

0.02571
0.02711
0.02861
0.03002
0.03137
0.03268
0.03394
0.03518
0.03639
0.03758
0.03876
0.03992
0.04107
0.04221
0.04334
0.04446

395.15
403.17
412.23
421.20
430.17
439.17
448.22
457.35
466.58
475.92
485.37
494.94
504.64
514.46
524.42
534.51

415.72
424.86
435.11
445.22
455.27
465.31
475.38
485.50
495.70
505.99
516.38
526.88
537.50
548.23
559.09
570.08

0.01676
0.01724
0.01844
0.01953
0.02055
0.02151
0.02244
0.02333
0.02420
0.02504
0.02587
0.02669
0.02750
0.02829
0.02907

402.37
406.15
416.08
425.74
435.27
444.74
454.20
463.71
473.27
482.91
492.65
502.48
512.43
522.50
532.68

422.49
426.84
438.21
449.18
459.92
470.55
481.13
491.70
502.31
512.97
523.70
534.51
545.43
556.44
567.57

h
(kJ /kg)

s
(kJ /kg-K )

1000 kPa(39.37 C)
1.7150
1.7446
1.7768
1.8076
1.8373
1.8662
1.8943
1.9218
1.9487
1.9753
2.0014
2.0271
2.0525
2.0775
2.1023
2.1268

0.02038
0.02047
0.02185
0.02311
0.02429
0.02542
0.02650
0.02754
0.02856
0.02956
0.03053
0.03150
0.03244
0.03338
0.03431
0.03523

1200 kPa(46.31 C)
Sat.
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
180

u
(kJ /kg)

399.16
399.78
409.39
418.78
428.05
437.29
446.53
455.82
465.18
474.62
484.16
493.81
503.57
513.46
523.46
533.60

419.54
420.25
431.24
441.89
452.34
462.70
473.03
483.36
493.74
504.17
514.69
525.30
536.02
546.84
557.77
568.83

1.7125
1.7148
1.7494
1.7818
1.8127
1.8425
1.8713
1.8994
1.9268
1.9537
1.9801
2.0061
2.0318
2.0570
2.0820
2.1067

1400 kPa(52.42 C)
1.7102
1.7237
1.7584
1.7908
1.8217
1.8514
1.8801
1.9081
1.9354
1.9621
1.9884
2.0143
2.0398
2.0649
2.0898

0.01414

0.01503
0.01608
0.01704
0.01793
0.01878
0.01958
0.02036
0.02112
0.02186
0.02258
0.02329
0.02399
0.02468

404.98

413.03
423.20
433.09
442.83
452.50
462.17
471.87
481.63
491.46
501.37
511.39
521.51
531.75

424.78

434.08
445.72
456.94
467.93
478.79
489.59
500.38
511.19
522.05
532.98
543.99
555.10
566.30

1.7077

1.7360
1.7704
1.8026
1.8333
1.8628
1.8914
1.9192
1.9463
1.9730
1.9991
2.0248
2.0502
2.0752

APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES

815

TABLE B.5.2 (continued)

Superheated R-134a

Temp.
( C )

v
(m3/kg)

u
(kJ /kg)

h
(kJ /kg)

s
(kJ /kg-K )

v
(m3/kg)

1600 kPa(57.90 C)
Sat.
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
180

0.01215
0.01239
0.01345
0.01438
0.01522
0.01601
0.01676
0.01748
0.01817
0.01884
0.01949
0.02013
0.02076
0.02138

407.11
409.49
420.37
430.72
440.79
450.71
460.57
470.42
480.30
490.23
500.24
510.33
520.52
530.81

426.54
429.32
441.89
453.72
465.15
476.33
487.39
498.39
509.37
520.38
531.43
542.54
553.73
565.02

0.00528
0.00575
0.00665
0.00734
0.00792
0.00845
0.00893
0.00937
0.00980
0.01021
0.01060

411.83
418.93
433.77
446.48
458.27
469.58
480.61
491.49
502.30
513.09
523.89

427.67
436.19
453.73
468.50
482.04
494.91
507.39
519.62
531.70
543.71
555.69

1.7051
1.7135
1.7507
1.7847
1.8166
1.8469
1.8762
1.9045
1.9321
1.9591
1.9855
2.0115
2.0370
2.0622

0.00930

0.00958
0.01055
0.01137
0.01211
0.01279
0.01342
0.01403
0.01461
0.01517
0.01571
0.01624
0.01676

0.001059
0.001150
0.001307
0.001698
0.002396
0.002985
0.003439
0.003814
0.004141
0.004435

328.34
346.71
368.06
396.59
426.81
448.34
465.19
479.89
493.45
506.35

334.70
353.61
375.90
406.78
441.18
466.25
485.82
502.77
518.30
532.96

s
(kJ /kg-K )

410.15

413.37
425.20
436.20
446.78
457.12
467.34
477.51
487.68
497.89
508.15
518.48
528.89

428.75

432.53
446.30
458.95
471.00
482.69
494.19
505.57
516.90
528.22
539.57
550.96
562.42

1.6991

1.7101
1.7497
1.7850
1.8177
1.8487
1.8783
1.9069
1.9346
1.9617
1.9882
2.0142
2.0398

4000 kPa(100.33 C)
1.6759
1.6995
1.7472
1.7862
1.8211
1.8535
1.8840
1.9133
1.9415
1.9689
1.9956

0.00252

0.00428
0.00500
0.00556
0.00603
0.00644
0.00683
0.00718
0.00752

6000 kPa
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
180

h
(kJ /kg)

2000 kPa(67.48 C)

3000 kPa(86.20 C)
Sat.
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
180

u
(kJ /kg)

394.86

429.74
445.97
459.63
472.19
484.15
495.77
507.19
518.51

404.94

446.84
465.99
481.87
496.29
509.92
523.07
535.92
548.57

1.6036

1.7148
1.7642
1.8040
1.8394
1.8720
1.9027
1.9320
1.9603

l0000 kPa
1.4081
1.4595
1.5184
1.5979
1.6843
1.7458
1.7926
1.8322
1.8676
1.9004

0.000991
0.001040
0.001100
0.001175
0.001272
0.001400
0.001564
0.001758
0.001965
0.002172

320.72
336.45
352.74
369.69
387.44
405.97
424.99
443.77
461.65
478.40

330.62
346.85
363.73
381.44
400.16
419.98
440.63
461.34
481.30
500.12

1.3856
1.4297
1.4744
1.5200
1.5670
1.6155
1.6649
1.7133
1.7589
1.8009

816

APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES

TABLE B.6

T hermodynamic Properties of Nitrogen

TABLE B.6.1

Saturated Nitrogen
Specic Volume, m3/kg

Internal E nergy, kJ /kg

Temp.
(K )

Press.
(kPa)

Sat. L iquid
vf

E vap.
u fg

Sat. Vapor
vg

Sat. L iquid
uf

E vap.
u fg

Sat. Vapor
ug

63.1
65
70
75
77.3
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
125
126.2

12.5
17.4
38.6
76.1
101.3
137.0
229.1
360.8
541.1
779.2
1084.6
1467.6
1939.3
2513.0
3208.0
3397.8

0.001150
0.001160
0.001191
0.001223
0.001240
0.001259
0.001299
0.001343
0.001393
0.001452
0.001522
0.001610
0.001729
0.001915
0.002355
0.003194

1.48074
1.09231
0.52513
0.28052
0.21515
0.16249
0.10018
0.06477
0.04337
0.02975
0.02066
0.01434
0.00971
0.00608
0.00254
0

1.48189
1.09347
0.52632
0.28174
0.21639
0.16375
0.10148
0.06611
0.04476
0.03120
0.02218
0.01595
0.01144
0.00799
0.00490
0.00319

150.92
147.19
137.13
127.04
122.27
116.86
106.55
96.06
85.35
74.33
62.89
50.81
37.66
22.42
0.83
18.94

196.86
194.37
187.54
180.47
177.04
173.06
165.20
156.76
147.60
137.50
126.18
113.11
97.36
76.63
40.73
0

45.94
47.17
50.40
53.43
54.76
56.20
58.65
60.70
62.25
63.17
63.29
62.31
59.70
54.21
39.90
18.94

E nthalpy, kJ /kg

E ntropy, kJ /kg-K

Temp.
(K )

Press.
(kPa)

Sat. L iquid
hf

E vap.
h fg

Sat. Vapor
hg

Sat. L iquid
sf

E vap.
s fg

Sat. Vapor
sg

63.1
65
70
75
77.3
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
125
126.2

12.5
17.4
38.6
76.1
101.3
137.0
229.1
360.8
541.1
779.2
1084.6
1467.6
1939.3
2513.0
3208.0
3397.8

150.91
147.17
137.09
126.95
122.15
116.69
106.25
95.58
84.59
73.20
61.24
48.45
34.31
17.61
6.73
29.79

215.39
213.38
207.79
201.82
198.84
195.32
188.15
180.13
171.07
160.68
148.59
134.15
116.19
91.91
48.88
0

64.48
66.21
70.70
74.87
76.69
78.63
81.90
84.55
86.47
87.48
87.35
85.71
81.88
74.30
55.60
29.79

2.4234
2.4816
2.6307
2.7700
2.8326
2.9014
3.0266
3.1466
3.2627
3.3761
3.4883
3.6017
3.7204
3.8536
4.0399
4.2193

3.4109
3.2828
2.9684
2.6909
2.5707
2.4415
2.2135
2.0015
1.8007
1.6068
1.4151
1.2196
1.0104
0.7659
0.3910
0

5.8343
5.7645
5.5991
5.4609
5.4033
5.3429
5.2401
5.1480
5.0634
4.9829
4.9034
4.8213
4.7307
4.6195
4.4309
4.2193

APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES

817

TABLE B.6.2

Superheated Nitrogen
Temp.
(K )

v
(m3/kg)

u
(kJ /kg)

h
(kJ /kg)

s
(kJ /kg-K )

v
(m3/kg)

100 kPa(77.24 K)
Sat.
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
300
350
400
450
500
600
700
800
900
1000

0.21903
0.29103
0.35208
0.41253
0.47263
0.53254
0.59231
0.65199
0.71161
0.77118
0.83072
0.89023
1.03891
1.18752
1.33607
1.48458
1.78154
2.07845
2.37532
2.67217
2.96900

54.70
72.84
87.94
102.95
117.91
132.83
147.74
162.63
177.51
192.39
207.26
222.14
259.35
296.66
334.16
371.95
448.79
527.74
609.07
692.79
778.78

76.61
101.94
123.15
144.20
165.17
186.09
206.97
227.83
248.67
269.51
290.33
311.16
363.24
415.41
467.77
520.41
626.94
735.58
846.60
960.01
1075.68

u
(kJ /kg)

h
(kJ /kg)

s
(kJ /kg-K )

200 kPa(83.62 K)
5.4059
5.6944
5.8878
6.0501
6.1901
6.3132
6.4232
6.5227
6.6133
6.6967
6.7739
6.8457
7.0063
7.1456
7.2690
7.3799
7.5741
7.7415
7.8897
8.0232
8.1451

0.11520
0.14252
0.17397
0.20476
0.23519
0.26542
0.29551
0.32552
0.35546
0.38535
0.41520
0.44503
0.51952
0.59392
0.66827
0.74258
0.89114
1.03965
1.18812
1.33657
1.48501

58.01
71.73
87.14
102.33
117.40
132.41
147.37
162.31
177.23
192.14
207.04
221.93
259.18
296.52
334.04
371.85
448.71
527.68
609.02
692.75
778.74

81.05
100.24
121.93
143.28
164.44
185.49
206.48
227.41
248.32
269.21
290.08
310.94
363.09
415.31
467.70
520.37
626.94
735.61
846.64
960.07
1075.75

5.2673
5.4775
5.6753
5.8399
5.9812
6.1052
6.2157
6.3155
6.4064
6.4900
6.5674
6.6393
6.8001
6.9396
7.0630
7.1740
7.3682
7.5357
7.6839
7.8175
7.9393

818

APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES

TABLE B.6.2 (continued)

Superheated Nitrogen

Temp.
(K )

v
(m3/kg)

u
(kJ /kg)

h
(kJ /kg)

s
(kJ /kg-K )

v
(m3/kg)

400 kPa(91.22 K)
Sat.
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
300
350
400
450
500
600
700
800
900
1000

0.05992
0.06806
0.08486
0.10085
0.11647
0.13186
0.14712
0.16228
0.17738
0.19243
0.20745
0.22244
0.25982
0.29712
0.33437
0.37159
0.44595
0.52025
0.59453
0.66878
0.74302

61.13
69.30
85.48
101.06
116.38
131.55
146.64
161.68
176.67
191.64
206.58
221.52
258.85
296.25
333.81
371.65
448.55
527.55
608.92
692.67
778.68

85.10
96.52
119.42
141.40
162.96
184.30
205.49
226.59
247.62
268.61
289.56
310.50
362.78
415.10
467.56
520.28
626.93
735.65
846.73
960.19
1075.89

0.03038
0.04017
0.04886
0.05710
0.06509
0.07293
0.08067
0.08835
0.09599
0.10358
0.11115
0.12998
0.14873
0.18609
0.22335
0.26056
0.29773
0.33488
0.37202

63.21
81.88
98.41
114.28
129.82
145.17
160.40
175.54
190.63
205.68
220.70
258.19
295.69
371.25
448.24
527.31
608.73
692.52
778.55

87.52
114.02
137.50
159.95
181.89
203.51
224.94
246.23
267.42
288.54
309.62
362.17
414.68
520.12
626.93
735.76
846.91
960.42
1076.16

h
(kJ /kg)

s
(kJ /kg-K )

600 kPa(96.37 K)
5.1268
5.2466
5.4556
5.6250
5.7690
5.8947
6.0063
6.1069
6.1984
6.2824
6.3600
6.4322
6.5934
6.7331
6.8567
6.9678
7.1622
7.3298
7.4781
7.6117
7.7335

0.04046
0.04299
0.05510
0.06620
0.07689
0.08734
0.09766
0.10788
0.11803
0.12813
0.13820
0.14824
0.17326
0.19819
0.22308
0.24792
0.29755
0.34712
0.39666
0.44618
0.49568

800 kPa(100.38 K)
Sat.
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
300
350
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000

u
(kJ /kg)

62.57
66.41
83.73
99.75
115.34
130.69
145.91
161.04
176.11
191.13
206.13
221.11
258.52
295.97
333.57
371.45
448.40
527.43
608.82
692.59
778.61

86.85
92.20
116.79
139.47
161.47
183.10
204.50
225.76
246.92
268.01
289.05
310.06
362.48
414.89
467.42
520.20
626.93
735.70
846.82
960.30
1076.02

5.0411
5.0957
5.3204
5.4953
5.6422
5.7696
5.8823
5.9837
6.0757
6.1601
6.2381
6.3105
6.4722
6.6121
6.7359
6.8471
7.0416
7.2093
7.3576
7.4912
7.6131

1000 kPa(103.73 K)
4.9768
5.2191
5.4002
5.5501
5.6793
5.7933
5.8954
5.9880
6.0728
6.1511
6.2238
6.3858
6.5260
6.7613
6.9560
7.1237
7.2721
7.4058
7.5277

0.02416
0.03117
0.03845
0.04522
0.05173
0.05809
0.06436
0.07055
0.07670
0.08281
0.08889
0.10401
0.11905
0.14899
0.17883
0.20862
0.23837
0.26810
0.29782

63.35
79.91
97.02
113.20
128.94
144.43
159.76
174.98
190.13
205.23
220.29
257.86
295.42
371.04
448.09
527.19
608.63
692.44
778.49

87.51
111.08
135.47
158.42
180.67
202.52
224.11
245.53
266.83
288.04
309.18
361.87
414.47
520.04
626.92
735.81
847.00
960.54
1076.30

4.9237
5.1357
5.3239
5.4772
5.6082
5.7234
5.8263
5.9194
6.0047
6.0833
6.1562
6.3187
6.4591
6.6947
6.8895
7.0573
7.2057
7.3394
7.4614

APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES

819

TABLE B.6.2 (continued)

Superheated Nitrogen

Temp.
( C )

v
(m3/kg)

u
(kJ /kg)

h
(kJ /kg)

s
(kJ /kg-K )

v
(m3/kg)

1500 kPa(110.38 K)
Sat.
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
300
350
400
450
500
600
700
800
900
1000

0.01555
0.01899
0.02452
0.02937
0.03393
0.03832
0.04260
0.04682
0.05099
0.05512
0.05922
0.06940
0.07949
0.08953
0.09953
0.11948
0.13937
0.15923
0.17906
0.19889

62.17
74.26
93.36
110.44
126.71
142.56
158.14
173.57
188.87
204.10
219.27
257.03
294.73
332.53
370.54
447.71
526.89
608.39
692.24
778.32

85.51
102.75
130.15
154.50
177.60
200.03
222.05
243.80
265.36
286.78
308.10
361.13
413.96
466.82
519.84
626.92
735.94
847.22
960.83
1076.65

0.00582
0.01038
0.01350
0.01614
0.01857
0.02088
0.02312
0.02531
0.02746
0.02958
0.03480
0.03993
0.05008
0.06013
0.07012
0.08008
0.09003
0.09996

46.03
79.98
101.35
119.68
136.78
153.24
169.30
185.10
200.72
216.21
254.57
292.70
369.06
446.57
525.99
607.67
691.65
777.85

63.47
111.13
141.85
168.09
192.49
215.88
238.66
261.02
283.09
304.94
358.96
412.50
519.29
626.95
736.35
847.92
961.73
1077.72

h
(kJ /kg)

s
(kJ /kg-K )

2000 kPa(115.58 K)
4.8148
4.9650
5.1767
5.3394
5.4755
5.5937
5.6987
5.7933
5.8796
5.9590
6.0325
6.1960
6.3371
6.4616
6.5733
6.7685
6.9365
7.0851
7.2189
7.3409

0.01100
0.01260
0.01752
0.02144
0.02503
0.02844
0.03174
0.03496
0.03814
0.04128
0.04440
0.05209
0.05971
0.06727
0.07480
0.08980
0.10474
0.11965
0.13454
0.14942

3000 kPa(123.61 K)
Sat.
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
300
350
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000

u
(kJ /kg)

59.25
66.90
89.37
107.55
124.42
140.66
156.52
172.15
187.62
202.97
218.24
256.21
294.05
331.95
370.05
447.33
526.59
608.14
692.04
778.16

81.25
92.10
124.40
150.43
174.48
197.53
219.99
242.08
263.90
285.53
307.03
360.39
413.47
466.49
519.65
626.93
736.07
847.45
961.13
1077.01

4.7193
4.8116
5.0618
5.2358
5.3775
5.4989
5.6060
5.7021
5.7894
5.8696
5.9438
6.1083
6.2500
6.3750
6.4870
6.6825
6.8507
6.9994
7.1333
7.2553

10000 kPa
4.5032
4.8706
5.0763
5.2310
5.3596
5.4711
5.5702
5.6597
5.7414
5.8168
5.9834
6.1264
6.3647
6.5609
6.7295
6.8785
7.0125
7.1347

0.00200
0.00291
0.00402
0.00501
0.00590
0.00672
0.00749
0.00824
0.00895
0.01067
0.01232
0.01551
0.01861
0.02167
0.02470
0.02771
0.03072

0.84
47.44
82.44
108.21
129.86
149.42
167.77
185.34
202.38
243.57
283.59
362.42
441.47
521.96
604.42
689.02
775.68

20.87
76.52
122.65
158.35
188.88
216.64
242.72
267.69
291.90
350.26
406.79
517.48
627.58
738.65
851.43
966.15
1082.84

4.0373
4.4088
4.6813
4.8697
5.0153
5.1362
5.2406
5.3331
5.4167
5.5967
5.7477
5.9948
6.1955
6.3667
6.5172
6.6523
6.7753

820

APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES

TABLE B.7

T hermodynamic Properties of M ethane

TABLE B.7.1

Saturated M ethane
Specic Volume, m3/kg

Internal E nergy, kJ /kg

Temp. (K )

P (kPa)

vf

vfg

vg

uf

u fg

ug

90.7
95
100
105
110
111.7
115
120
125
130
135
140
145
150
155
160
165
170
175
180
185
190
190.6

11.7
19.8
34.4
56.4
88.2
101.3
132.3
191.6
269.0
367.6
490.7
641.6
823.7
1040.5
1295.6
1592.8
1935.9
2329.3
2777.6
3286.4
3863.2
4520.5
4599.2

0.002215
0.002243
0.002278
0.002315
0.002353
0.002367
0.002395
0.002439
0.002486
0.002537
0.002592
0.002653
0.002719
0.002794
0.002877
0.002974
0.003086
0.003222
0.003393
0.003623
0.003977
0.004968
0.006148

3.97941
2.44845
1.47657
0.93780
0.62208
0.54760
0.42800
0.30367
0.22108
0.16448
0.12458
0.09575
0.07445
0.05839
0.04605
0.03638
0.02868
0.02241
0.01718
0.01266
0.00846
0.00300
0

3.98163
2.45069
1.47885
0.94012
0.62443
0.54997
0.43040
0.30610
0.22357
0.16701
0.12717
0.09841
0.07717
0.06118
0.04892
0.03936
0.03177
0.02563
0.02058
0.01629
0.01243
0.00797
0.00615

358.10
343.79
326.90
309.79
292.50
286.74
275.05
257.45
239.66
221.65
203.40
184.86
165.97
146.65
126.82
106.35
85.06
62.67
38.75
12.43
18.47
69.10
101.46

496.59
488.62
478.96
468.89
458.41
454.85
447.48
436.02
423.97
411.25
397.77
383.42
368.06
351.53
333.61
314.01
292.30
267.81
239.47
205.16
159.49
67.01
0

138.49
144.83
152.06
159.11
165.91
168.10
172.42
178.57
184.32
189.60
194.37
198.56
202.09
204.88
206.79
207.66
207.24
205.14
200.72
192.73
177.96
136.11
101.46

APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES

821

TABLE B.7.1 (continued)

Saturated M ethane

E nthalpy, kJ /kg

E ntropy, kJ /kg-K

Temp. (K )

P (kPa)

hf

h fg

hg

sf

sf g

sg

90.7
95
100
105
110
111.7
115
120
125
130
135
140
145
150
155
160
165
170
175
180
185
190
190.6

11.7
19.8
34.4
56.4
88.2
101.3
132.3
191.6
269.0
367.6
490.7
641.6
823.7
1040.5
1295.6
1592.8
1935.9
2329.3
2777.6
3286.4
3863.2
4520.5
4599.2

358.07
343.75
326.83
309.66
292.29
286.50
274.74
256.98
238.99
220.72
202.13
183.16
163.73
143.74
123.09
101.61
79.08
55.17
29.33
0.53
33.83
91.56
129.74

543.12
537.18
529.77
521.82
513.29
510.33
504.12
494.20
483.44
471.72
458.90
444.85
429.38
412.29
393.27
371.96
347.82
320.02
287.20
246.77
192.16
80.58
0

185.05
193.43
202.94
212.16
221.00
223.83
229.38
237.23
244.45
251.00
256.77
261.69
265.66
268.54
270.18
270.35
268.74
264.85
257.87
246.25
226.00
172.14
129.74

4.2264
4.3805
4.5538
4.7208
4.8817
4.9336
5.0368
5.1867
5.3321
5.4734
5.6113
5.7464
5.8794
6.0108
6.1415
6.2724
6.4046
6.5399
6.6811
6.8333
7.0095
7.3015
7.4999

5.9891
5.6545
5.2977
4.9697
4.6663
4.5706
4.3836
4.1184
3.8675
3.6286
3.3993
3.1775
2.9613
2.7486
2.5372
2.3248
2.1080
1.8824
1.6411
1.3710
1.0387
0.4241
0

10.2155
10.0350
9.8514
9.6905
9.5480
9.5042
9.4205
9.3051
9.1996
9.1020
9.0106
8.9239
8.8406
8.7594
8.6787
8.5971
8.5126
8.4224
8.3223
8.2043
8.0483
7.7256
7.4999

822

APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES

TABLE B.7.2

Superheated M ethane
Temp.
(K )

v
(m3/kg)

u
(kJ /kg)

h
(kJ /kg)

s
(kJ /kg-K )

v
(m3/kg)

100 kPa(111.50K)
Sat.
125
150
175
200
225
250
275
300
325
350
375
400
425

0.55665
0.63126
0.76586
0.89840
1.02994
1.16092
1.29154
1.42193
1.55215
1.68225
1.81226
1.94220
2.07209
2.20193

167.90
190.21
230.18
269.72
309.20
348.90
389.12
430.17
472.36
516.00
561.34
608.58
657.89
709.36

223.56
253.33
306.77
359.56
412.19
464.99
518.27
572.36
627.58
684.23
742.57
802.80
865.10
929.55

u
(kJ /kg)

h
(kJ /kg)

s
(kJ /kg-K )

200 kPa(120.61 K)
9.5084
9.7606
10.1504
10.4759
10.7570
11.0058
11.2303
11.4365
11.6286
11.8100
11.9829
12.1491
12.3099
12.4661

0.29422
0.30695
0.37700
0.44486
0.51165
0.57786
0.64370
0.70931
0.77475
0.84008
0.90530
0.97046
1.03557
1.10062

179.30
186.80
227.91
268.05
307.88
347.81
388.19
429.36
471.65
515.37
560.77
608.07
657.41
708.92

238.14
248.19
303.31
357.02
410.21
463.38
516.93
571.22
626.60
683.38
741.83
802.16
864.53
929.05

9.2918
9.3736
9.7759
10.1071
10.3912
10.6417
10.8674
11.0743
11.2670
11.4488
11.6220
11.7885
11.9495
12.1059

APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES

823

TABLE B.7.2 (continued)

Superheated M ethane

Temp.
(K )

v
(m3/kg)

u
(kJ /kg)

h
(kJ /kg)

s
(kJ /kg-K )

v
(m3/kg)

400 kPa(131.42 K)
Sat.
150
175
200
225
250
275
300
325
350
375
400
425
450
475
500
525

0.15427
0.18233
0.21799
0.25246
0.28631
0.31978
0.35301
0.38606
0.41899
0.45183
0.48460
0.51731
0.54997
0.58260
0.61520
0.64778
0.68033

191.01
223.16
264.61
305.19
345.61
386.32
427.74
470.23
514.10
559.63
607.03
656.47
708.05
761.85
817.89
876.18
936.67

252.72
296.09
351.81
406.18
460.13
514.23
568.94
624.65
681.69
740.36
800.87
863.39
928.04
994.89
1063.97
1135.29
1208.81

0.07941
0.08434
0.10433
0.12278
0.14050
0.15781
0.17485
0.19172
0.20845
0.22510
0.24167
0.25818
0.27465
0.29109
0.30749
0.32387
0.34023
0.35657

201.70
212.53
257.30
299.62
341.10
382.53
424.47
467.36
511.55
557.33
604.95
654.57
706.31
760.24
816.40
874.79
935.38
998.14

265.23
280.00
340.76
397.85
453.50
508.78
564.35
620.73
678.31
737.41
798.28
861.12
926.03
993.11
1062.40
1133.89
1207.56
1283.45

h
(kJ /kg)

s
(kJ /kg-K )

600 kPa(138.72 K)
9.0754
9.3843
9.7280
10.0185
10.2726
10.5007
10.7092
10.9031
11.0857
11.2595
11.4265
11.5879
11.7446
11.8974
12.0468
12.1931
12.3366

0.10496
0.11717
0.14227
0.16603
0.18911
0.21180
0.23424
0.25650
0.27863
0.30067
0.32264
0.34456
0.36643
0.38826
0.41006
0.43184
0.45360

800 kPa(144.40 K)
Sat.
150
175
200
225
250
275
300
325
350
375
400
425
450
475
500
525
550

u
(kJ /kg)

197.54
218.08
261.03
302.44
343.37
384.44
426.11
468.80
512.82
558.48
605.99
655.52
707.18
761.05
817.15
875.48
936.03

260.51
288.38
346.39
402.06
456.84
511.52
566.66
622.69
680.00
738.88
799.57
862.25
927.04
994.00
1063.18
1134.59
1208.18

8.9458
9.1390
9.4970
9.7944
10.0525
10.2830
10.4931
10.6882
10.8716
11.0461
11.2136
11.3754
11.5324
11.6855
11.8351
11.9816
12.1252

1000 kPa(149.13 K)
8.8505
8.9509
9.3260
9.6310
9.8932
10.1262
10.3381
10.5343
10.7186
10.8938
11.0617
11.2239
11.3813
11.5346
11.6845
11.8311
11.9749
12.1161

0.06367
0.06434
0.08149
0.09681
0.11132
0.12541
0.13922
0.15285
0.16635
0.17976
0.19309
0.20636
0.21959
0.23279
0.24595
0.25909
0.27221
0.28531

204.45
206.28
253.38
296.73
338.79
380.61
422.82
465.91
510.26
556.18
603.91
653.62
705.44
759.44
815.66
874.10
934.73
997.53

268.12
270.62
334.87
393.53
450.11
506.01
562.04
618.76
676.61
735.94
797.00
859.98
925.03
992.23
1061.61
1133.19
1206.95
1282.84

8.7735
8.7902
9.1871
9.5006
9.7672
10.0028
10.2164
10.4138
10.5990
10.7748
10.9433
11.1059
11.2636
11.4172
11.5672
11.7141
11.8580
11.9992

824

APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES

TABLE B.7.2 (continued)

Superheated M ethane

Temp.
( C )

v
(m3/kg)

u
(kJ /kg)

h
(kJ /kg)

s
(kJ /kg-K )

v
(m3/kg)

1500 kPa(158.52 K)
Sat.
175
200
225
250
275
300
325
350
375
400
425
450
475
500
525
550

0.04196
0.05078
0.06209
0.07239
0.08220
0.09171
0.10103
0.11022
0.11931
0.12832
0.13728
0.14619
0.15506
0.16391
0.17273
0.18152
0.19031

207.53
242.64
289.13
332.85
375.70
418.65
462.27
507.04
553.30
601.30
651.24
703.26
757.43
813.80
872.37
933.12
996.02

270.47
318.81
382.26
441.44
499.00
556.21
613.82
672.37
732.26
793.78
857.16
922.54
990.02
1059.66
1131.46
1205.41
1281.48

0.01160
0.01763
0.02347
0.02814
0.03235
0.03631
0.04011
0.04381
0.04742
0.05097
0.05448
0.05795
0.06139
0.06481
0.06820
0.07158
0.07495

172.96
237.70
298.52
349.08
396.67
443.48
490.62
538.70
588.18
639.34
692.38
747.43
804.55
863.78
925.11
988.53
1053.98

219.34
308.23
392.39
461.63
526.07
588.73
651.07
713.93
777.86
843.24
910.31
979.23
1050.12
1123.01
1197.93
1274.86
1353.77

h
(kJ /kg)

s
(kJ /kg-K )

2000 kPa(165.86 K)
8.6215
8.9121
9.2514
9.5303
9.7730
9.9911
10.1916
10.3790
10.5565
10.7263
10.8899
11.0484
11.2027
11.3532
11.5005
11.6448
11.7864

0.03062
0.03504
0.04463
0.05289
0.06059
0.06796
0.07513
0.08216
0.08909
0.09594
0.10274
0.10949
0.11620
0.12289
0.12955
0.13619
0.14281

4000 kPa(186.10 K)
Sat.
200
225
250
275
300
325
350
375
400
425
450
475
500
525
550
575

u
(kJ /kg)

207.01
229.90
280.91
326.64
370.67
414.40
458.59
503.80
550.40
598.69
648.87
701.08
755.43
811.94
870.64
931.51
994.51

268.25
299.97
370.17
432.43
491.84
550.31
608.85
668.12
728.58
790.57
854.34
920.06
987.84
1057.72
1129.74
1203.88
1280.13

8.4975
8.6839
9.0596
9.3532
9.6036
9.8266
10.0303
10.2200
10.3992
10.5703
10.7349
10.8942
11.0491
11.2003
11.3480
11.4927
11.6346

8000 kPa
8.0035
8.4675
8.8653
9.1574
9.4031
9.6212
9.8208
10.0071
10.1835
10.3523
10.5149
10.6725
10.8258
10.9753
11.1215
11.2646
11.4049

0.00412
0.00846
0.01198
0.01469
0.01705
0.01924
0.02130
0.02328
0.02520
0.02707
0.02891
0.03072
0.03251
0.03428
0.03603
0.03776

55.58
217.30
298.05
357.88
411.71
463.52
515.02
567.12
620.38
675.14
731.63
789.99
850.28
912.54
976.77
1042.96

88.54
284.98
393.92
475.39
548.15
617.40
685.39
753.34
821.95
891.71
962.92
1035.75
1110.34
1186.74
1264.99
1345.07

7.2069
8.1344
8.5954
8.9064
9.1598
9.3815
9.5831
9.7706
9.9477
10.1169
10.2796
10.4372
10.5902
10.7393
10.8849
11.0272

APPENDIX

Ideal-Gas Specic
Heat
T hree types of energy storage or possession were identied in Section 2.6, of which two,
translation and intramolecular energy, are associated with the individual molecules. T hese
comprise the ideal-gas model, with the third type, the system intermolecular potential
energy, then accounting for the behavior of real (nonideal-gas) substances. T his appendix
deals with the ideal-gas contributions. Since these contribute to the energy, and therefore also
the enthalpy, they also contribute to the specic heat of each gas. T he different possibilities
can be grouped according to the intramolecular energy contributions as follows:

C.1 MONATOMIC GASES (INERT GASES AR, HE, NE,

XE, KR; ALSO N, O, H, CL, F, . . . )
h = htranslation + helectronic = ht + he

dh
dht dhe
=
+
,
dT
dT
dT

C P0 = C P0t + C P0e =

5
R + fe(T)
2

where the electronic contribution, fe(T), is usually small, except at very high T (common
exceptions are O, C l, F).

C.2 DIATOMIC AND LINEAR POLYATOMIC GASES

(N2 , O2 , CO, OH, . . . , CO2 , N2 O, . . . )
In addition to translational and electronic contributions to specic heat, these also have
molecular rotation (about the center of mass of the molecule) and also (3a 5) independent
modes of molecular vibration of the a atoms in the molecule relative to one another, such
that
5
C P0 = C P0t + C P0r + C P0v + C P0e = R + R + fv(T) + fe(T)
2
where the vibrational contribution is
fv(T) = R

3a5

i=1

[xi2 exi /(exi 1)2 ],

xi =

i
T

and the electronic contribution, fe(T), is usually small, except at very high T (common
exceptions are O 2 , N O, OH ).

825

826

APPENDIX C IDEAL-GAS SPECIFIC HEAT

EXAMPLE C.1

N 2 , 3a 5 = 1 vibrational mode, with i = 3392 K .

A t T = 300 K , C P0 = 0.742 + 0.2968 + 0.0005 + 0 = 1.0393 kJ /kg K .

A t T = 1000 K , C P0 = 0.742 + 0.2968 + 0.123 + 0 = 1.1618 kJ /kg K .

(an increase of 1 1.8% from 300 K ).

EXAMPLE C.2

C O 2 , 3a 5 = 4 vibrational modes, with i = 960 K , 960 K , 1993 K , 3380 K

A t T = 300 K , C P0 = 0.4723 + 0.1889 + 0.1826 + 0 = 0.8438 kJ /kg K .

A t T = 1000 K , C P0 = 0.4723 + 0.1889 + 0.5659 + 0 = 1.2271 kJ /kg K .

(an increase of 45.4% from 300 K ).

C.3 NONLINEAR POLYATOMIC MOLECULES

(H2 O, NH3 , CH4 , C2 H6 , . . . )
C ontributions to specic heat are similar to those for linear molecules, except that the
rotational contribution is larger and there are (3a 6) independent vibrational modes, such
that
5
3
C P0 = C P0t + C p0r + C P0v + C P0e = R + R + fv(T) + fe(T)
2
2
where the vibrational contribution is
3a6

i
[xi2 exi /(exi 1)2 ],
xi =
fv(T) = R
T
i=1
and fe(T) is usually small, except at very high temperatures.

EXAMPLE C.3

C H 4 , 3a 6 = 9 vibrational modes, with i = 4196 K , 2207 K (two modes), 1879 K

(three), 4343 K (three)
A t T = 300 K , C P0 = 1.2958 + 0.7774 + 0.1527 + 0 = 2.2259 kJ /kg K .

A t T = 1000 K , C P0 = 1.2958 + 0.7774 + 2.4022 + 0 = 4.4754 kJ /kg K .

(an increase of 101.1% from 300 K ).

APPENDIX

Equations of State
Some of the most used pressure-explicit equations of state can be shown in a form with two
parameters. T his form is known as a cubic equation of state and contains as a special case
the ideal-gas law:
P=

RT
a
2
v b v + cbv + db2

where (a, b) are parameters and (c, d) dene the model as shown in the following table with
the acentric factor () and
b = b0 RTc/Pc

and

a = a0 R2 Tc2/Pc

T he acentric factor is dened by the saturation pressure at a reduced temperature

T r = 0.7
=

ln Prsat at Tr = 0.7
1
ln 10

TABLE D.1

E quations of State
M odel

b0

a0

Ideal gas
van der Waals
R edlich K wong
Soave
Peng R obinson

0
0
1
1
2

0
0
0
0
1

0
1/8
0.08664
0.08664
0.0778

0
27/64
0.42748 Tr1/2
2
0.42748[1 + f (1 Tr1/2 )]
2
0.45724[1 + f (1 Tr1/2 )]

f = 0.48 + 1.574 0.1762

f = 0.37464 + 1.54226 0.269922

for Soave
for Peng R obinson

827

828

APPENDIX D EQUATIONS OF STATE

TABLE D.2

T he L ee Kesler E quation of State

T he L ee K esler generalized equation of state is
Z=






B
C
D
c4

Pr vr
= 1 +  +  2 +  5 + 3  2 +  2 exp  2
Tr
vr
vr
vr
Tr vr
vr
vr

B = b1

b2
b3
b4
2 3
Tr
Tr
Tr

C = c1

c2
c3
+ 3
Tr
Tr

D = d1 +

d2
Tr

in which
Tr =

T
P
v

, Pr =
, vr =
Tc
Pc
RTc/Pc

T he set of constants is as follows:

C onstant

Simple Fluids

C onstant

Simple Fluids

b1
b2
b3
b4
c1
c2

0.118 119 3
0.265 728
0.154 790
0.030 323
0.023 674 4
0.018 698 4

c3
c4
d1 104
d2 104

0.0
0.042 724
0.155 488
0.623 689
0.653 92
0.060 167

TABLE D.3

Saturated L iquid Vapor C ompressibilities, L ee Kesler Simple F luid

Tr
Pr sat
Zf
Zg

0.40
2.7E -4
6.5E -5
0.999

0.50
4.6E -3
9.5E -4
0.988

0.60
0.028
0.0052
0.957

0.70
0.099
0.017
0.897

0.80
0.252
0.042
0.807

0.85
0.373
0.062
0.747

0.90
0.532
0.090
0.673

0.95
0.737
0.132
0.569

1
1
0.29
0.29

TABLE D.4

Acentric Factor for Some Substances

Substance
A mmonia
A rgon
B romine
H elium
N eon
N itrogen

NH3
Ar
B r2
He
Ne
N2

Substance

0.25
0.001
0.108
0.365
0.029
0.039

Water
n-B utane
E thane
M ethane
R -32
R -125

H 2O
C 4 H 10
C 2H 6
CH4

0.344
0.199
0.099
0.011
0.277
0.305

APPENDIX D EQUATIONS OF STATE

FIGURE D.1 LeeKesler simple uid compressibility factor.

829

830

APPENDIX D EQUATIONS OF STATE

FIGURE D.2 LeeKesler simple uid enthalpy departure.

APPENDIX D EQUATIONS OF STATE

FIGURE D.3 LeeKesler simple uid entropy departure.

831

APPENDIX

Figures

832

APPENDIX E FIGURES

FIGURE E.1 Temperatureentropy diagram for water.

c 1969,
Keenan, Keyes, Hill, & Moore. STEAM TABLES (International EditionMetric Units). Copyright
John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

833

834

APPENDIX E FIGURES

FIGURE E.2 Pressureenthalpy diagram for ammonia.

APPENDIX E FIGURES

FIGURE E.3 Pressureenthalpy diagram for oxygen.

835

836

APPENDIX E FIGURES

FIGURE E.4 Psychrometric chart.