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Therefore, to design our filter, our group would need to decide upon an arbitrary
cutoff value for wo as a basis for our calculations. Initially, 30000 rad/s was selected
(4774 Hz), but was found to be unsuitable for the selected experimental process (ie,
the frequencies were too high, and a cutoff filter would be required to have a very
tight bandwidth to accurately filter so that the 1 st and 3rd harmonics to generate 20
dB gain reduction in a low-order Butterworth design). It was stated in the Integrated
Electronics article on Butterworth filters that commercially available op-amps can
have unity gain products as has as 100 MHz, and it is possible to design active
filters up to frequencies of several MHz, however, for the purpose of our
experimentation, we did not want to encounter high frequency slewing rate errors,
or be required to use series of resistors and capacitors to achieve our required
calculated values to realize our filter design. The group decided to lower the w o
value to 500 rad/s and was able to redo their calculations as seen on the following
page.
Using the following table, a third order Butterworth filter was selected as the basis
of our calculations:
Calculations and rough design for the 3 rd order Butterworth filter are on the
following page: