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Parts of a Fraction

3
4

= the number of parts

= the total number of parts
that equal a whole

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Parts of a Fraction

3 = numerator
4 = denominator
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A Common Multiple is a
number that is a multiple of
two or more numbers.

Some multiples of 3 & 6

6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 42
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The LCM is the smallest multiple

that two numbers have in common.

5 = 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30

6 = 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36
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To Add or Subtract Fractions

With Unlike Denominators

List the multiples of each

denominator to find the LCM.

1
5 = 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30
1
+ 10 = 10, 20, 30, 40, 50
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To Add or Subtract Fractions

With Unlike Denominators
Compare your lists. Which multiples
do 5 and 10 have in common?

1
5 = 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30
1
+ 10 = 10, 20, 30, 40, 50
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To Add or Subtract Fractions

With Unlike Denominators

Use the lowest common

multiple as the denominator.

1
5 = 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30
1
+ 10 = 10, 20, 30, 40, 50
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To Add or Subtract Fractions

With Unlike Denominators

This number is also called the

least common denominator.

1
5 = 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30
1
+ 10 = 10, 20, 30, 40, 50
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Rewrite the fractions using the least

common denominator or least
common multiple.

1
5
1
+10

10
10
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Find the equivalent fractions for 1/5

& 1/10 with 10 as the denominator.

1
5
1
+10

10
1
10

You know that 1/10

is equal to 1/10 so
Put a 1 over the
Denominator of 10.
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Find the equivalent fractions for 1/5

& 1/10 with 10 as the denominator.

1
5
1
+10

10
1
10

To find the top

number, ask yourself
what do you multiply
the 5 by to get 10.
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Find the equivalent fractions for 1/5

& 1/10 with 10 as the denominator.

2
1 x2=
5 x 2 10
1
1
+10
10

Since you are looking

for the equivalent
fraction you know the
numerator must also be
multiplied by 2.
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Now just add the numerators.

2
1 x2=
5 x 2 10
1
1
+10
10

Remember when
adding fractions
you never add the
denominators.

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1
2
1
+8

8
8

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1
2x 4 = 8
1
+ 8 x 1 =8

Now find the

equivalent
fractions for
1/2 & 1/8.

Ask what do you multiply 2 by to get 8

and what do you multiply 8 by to get 8.
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1x 4 = 4
2x 4 = 8
1
+ 8 x 1 =8

Since you are

writing equivalent
fractions, now
multiply the
numerator by the
same number you
did on the
denominator.

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1x 4 = 4
2x 4 = 8
1 x 1 =1
+ 8 x 1 =8

Since you are

writing equivalent
fractions, now
multiply the
numerator by the
same number you
did on the
denominator.

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1x 4 = 4
2x 4 = 8
1 x 1 =1
+ 8 x 1 =8
5
8

Now add
numerators.
The denominator
stays the same.

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2
5
1
+3

15
15

Find the least

least common
multiple for 5
and 3. Write it as
your denominator

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2
5 x 3 = 15
1
+ 3 x 5 =15

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Ask yourself
what do you
multiply the
denominator
by to get 15.

2x 3 = 6
5 x 3 = 15
1
+ 3 x 5 =15

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Multiply the
numerator
by the same
number you
did in the
denominator

2x 3 = 6
5 x 3 = 15
1x 5 =5
+ 3 x 5 =15

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Multiply the
numerator
by the same
number you
did in the
denominator.

2x 3 = 6
5 x 3 = 15
1x 5 =5
+ 3 x 5 =15
11
15

Add your
numerators. The
denominator
stays the
same.

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1x 2 = 2
6 x 2 = 12
1x 3 =3
+ 4 x 3 =12
5
12
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4 x 3 = 12
5 x 3 = 15
2 x 5 = 10
+ 3 x 5 = 15
22
15

ALWAYS
SIMPLIFY YOUR
ANSWER IF
YOUR ANSWER
IS AN
IMPROPER
FRACTION!

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22
15

1
15) 22

7
15

15
7

ALWAYS SIMPLIFY YOUR ANSWER

IF YOUR ANSWER IS AN
IMPROPER FRACTION!
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5 x 4 = 20
6 x 4 = 24
1x 3 =3
- 8 x 3 =24
17
24
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2x 3 = 6
3x 3 = 9
1x 1 =1
- 9x 1 =9
5
9
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2x 2 = 4
4x 2 = 8
2x 1 =2
+ 8x 1 =8
6
8
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3
4

4x 3 =
5x 3 =
2x5=
-3 x5=

12
15
10
15
2
15

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REMEMBER:
To Always Show Your
Work!

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#11 Add
4 x 3 = 12
5 x 3 = 15
2 x 5 = 10
+ 3 x 5 = 15

15) 22

15

7
15

22
15

Fractions
1) Find a common
denominator.
2) Add the numerators.

3) Keep the common

denominator the same.
4) Simplify or reduce.
Change improper
fractions to mixed #s.

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Subtract Fractions

#12

5x4=
6x4=
1 x3=
x
3
=
8
-

20
24
3
24
17
24
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Always SHOW
YOUR WORK!