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  • Livingston, Cinema, Philosophy, Bergman (Solo Una Parte)

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    Laura Arese
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    Ensayo sobre cine y filosofía.

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    Ensayo sobre cine y filosofía.

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    13 visualizzazioni32 pagine

    Livingston, Cinema, Philosophy, Bergman (Solo Una Parte)

    Caricato da

    Laura Arese
    Ensayo sobre cine y filosofía.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Scarica in formato PDF o leggi online su Scribd
    Segnala contenuti inappropriati
    di 32
    Cinema, Philosophy, Bergman On Film as Philosophy PAISLEY LIVINGSTON OXFORD OXFORD 766564 Contents Achnedements 7 “ieee a PART ONE: SURVEYING CINEMA AS PHILOSOPHY 1 Theses an Cinema Phiompy Aging over Citas Philosophy ” PART TWO: AN INTENTIONALIST APPROACH TO FILM AS PHILOSOPHY PART THREE: ON INGMAR BERGMAN AND. PHILOSOPHY 5. Bergman, Kall nthe Faces of ea 5 6. Vale, Auhensicy and Fay in 16 Condon 194 Bibles 2m Inde as 3 ‘Types of Authorship in the Cinema In the puvous chapter I contend thi the cine can conse © phitnophial engin pat Bea om Ear makes employ the Sinema medium, along with ether mess o expe peso ideas Almas vind aod sing erosion of piosphi squstions and posdonscan mae sd guide philsopial elton Tro objesions however, may be snipe my be complain, Sof ls dae inappropriate o wok wits noi aed hori, ther beens that nein ld to be idee eral of Beas is hough to be apical to icra wees {lee with oad tole sae comme fm predation A cond ‘tion gan tat cinema suthorip stain in sme ees ot sect the death lms anor shoul be inept andere in ems ofthe though ide someone experi then owt fico al can has of neni sumpon be alae nd juste? What abour the intel lacy? lac the fst ‘ bjeion inthis ape and sun othe second pe of object in Chap 4. My airmen wil be supplement che rural Copies 5 and 6 by means of amore dtl exploration of ome of Ingmar expan’ philosophy erent ince tos CINEMATIC AUTHORSHIP RETRIED Ac the end of the Bt prt of it 1998 book Anaing Mina Mubimad, the distinguished muiccogin Nichols Cock comments. ‘iii about mast malimeda tha ithe work of ore han one author Bat cic and anal em co go out of tht way ‘oid reogaiing his Cook ger on in thi omental what A An Irina Appa Fla Philly he charac 2 "the Romans concption of euhorship,id 0 const in aaj sng ink beeen notion ef aii ae, inva cave gent nde wos scl wip Ts ay nce ofsuthohipiia rs ied what Cokes the- esr of the ire leg nae of operand of al mlm oe Cook dds tha one of is primay sin casing mein fp roe this re A key move in hss empass on ones, which se fas the paradigmatic mode uti’ Conte. Cook sgt ‘onto: media We facing the falar Mehir of mused thr stint doin chan oF sitive ‘Cook's dication of sthonkip tacos with lt ofthe pose snscruan teasing ov he npc of suo, 0 cgeing wah Is eomment fa good way o lop » potion hin he pa of ‘he onguing debate oe conscons of ahr» Cos commen epi ae ee thc ey: the ton beer sthrship {nd vale he sccm bern sthorhip spd the wy of woke tortie wos, ad te gacon of whether autiorhip mart be ‘ceo even priaiysmater of idl rene work, To begin with later tpi Iain agement Cook and nay oxen cbc tate ins crce dsincon ob den Becween ahh rach and vd audhorhp and ae making ArT sll exp in gener dell blow, Think important seni cc of nil suthoship owl join elecive Auorip Ju thre coletive it rtm ine coms (Gr cample, «group of peopl can work sper Munch ost ‘ov move a hear ae) 30 an peoic elaborate on an exes ot Eric underaig. Wid rpad othe mote geeal uso a why ifzayone shoul be clase w he autor fs work to which many ‘eons ave eontiued ino way oat, shoul ented at Far fom sagging that an awe oe cic question falls SS et et eh ee ‘ciate oy aa Sloe Tipe of Auton the Cinema 6 ‘immediatly fom eve the mae sel account of callective sion * By this mean say simpy thi ian thing to have team cuit ode of irene oso lective can and something leo be able wo identify the rcance of diferent tp of prwe {nd eonsbucons and derby to veleon a jus concpion of ‘ther indeed or group auton ‘Wi ead othe question of the elason been authorship end arise and other oof lca in geneal opposed to hoo ‘anos of eudohip and concen thai he tem ikl chal one in aot, ha concept shod be clic and not ‘sentially aslo Tn ote words, che ontion of mts shold over wha lg separate vale schemes eae mgood a nd Indifrent csc. Desage i tnd in some comcee to employ heavily evaluative se Uke 'Aue in an hoo wy, be ec sich ge econday sc csc mon of athonhip My propos egg autbohip however, inftmed bys. ‘aon oncring ink beeen insole and some of the {nds of ale we fn in won Pato our iteret imwocs ees fiom ou concen fr the gol th wok ele and te of thse ‘ls mast be inetorlly eine bythe wk’ al Pat of what ‘we amie in wot he ll wth which worth ps have bec fede, pe of what we ted to cee a onde in otk is incompewnc inthe employment of ran and nig wel 2 poor adgenne in he csc of ends One reson yah is Imporan wo us shia Tnk eowen een Kinds of vale lnvertinal acti, and my propor forth un of hee st tuned this ft Ar are ometinspraedsad Hamed fo nept. ‘we of ati means, bu hey aze alo judged fo she guaty ofthe ‘stad thir wes convey. On ofthe pac the mango ek fan elie wih difering depos of sl ithe incon contyng ideas and aia acd age of ence the voment of work indeed incuds dhe sade ofthe ean or lou of pene So hae eae he wore ‘With regard to the quasion ofthe sltion berween authorship snd the ny, ot = Cook pu the std wif otk ‘ever tienes ne 9 e ep in sind. Tam in greene wih 5 An mentionaieAprech Fi Pio Coo if the are oie rio ithe ssmpion ta uti i conceply quale o he eration of rtrd wor by ‘individ! gis. Thar desi iol bea ome thor Inuke metocte works that ack eri ids of iy. Cook ray Se-agesng the spon thar only the maker of» lg, sony ied ie work or re comple ly ques ss an ator’ Here spin ape, hr am vey bono and ete ug che ‘im author Thequstion ote wlaonship bernenathorchip nd niles bowever 0 another impor oi seething, sch sei. ‘isl dp,» eal nsprion os squene fn oe Srrk sal (oppose, fr explo pa oft worn untied gmt or smehing ela ena ema hve unin the ee of ving bee vided or atc af a2 whole An at who has spent the day inthe slo without Skog saying may vey walt har se har doe lo of monk that dy hc st mat ‘wsking om meting, bur nr that er ef he day as ok “ust of dopant is foundon sme walt colecon of wa) is noc an individaed workin thi tne —on the asumpoon ht ‘ach ofthe ivi sogans ener’ wa netonlly reat (Gfzene pons not in any way acting in conc wth cach ber Nosinge pon or group a callaboraing pons has made hear ad constitute t+ Sake unity having sme Lind of incre ‘prev ov artic quale sd anton Fo be thar of work isto proce someting having sc uni Tetreing thar norms pang oappesain corpo wots sane basic dea abou he ction of wrk Tha reading some Tac notal fhe tha cold he found hee a he woul ot amas of grin some of the evidence teerane the meaning {vor Sich cue ontogeny with one wrest als 1 im boat the meaning f+ novel ile ooig soune- evidence ‘be ound in same of the chp in that sen Cleat work ac wien sro emes or example vel could lack overall ‘lic unity or cold be plbwphilyacoberend, bu if ba ‘otk acalh Some peson or group of reponse pens mist hive Tp of Atop the Cinema o musk i of coin try wok i the et of single fem ox whol isin that tron inert aon, Incoplte war, sacha the sping me of dent societal wih Marea Pots dle cece temps er a a ten to (eat uniied and compe work, Avon this seae ca, of outs be parafan even reste wholes we diana part ‘falas the ae wth Thondot Dre The Fanon which belongs hit ila of Doe Tra have jo aged the completion ad iy of wok eguive 2 ecion or eis with eu to what and nor robe nde Feutol he woe, hen the ator ofa wok ae cnc the ee ‘Soca oratory, ea with rept ttt cca cant the ‘ons oft work This pone cfc in pret eens ‘bout wha dis and does st count a sheep sao play tf aren cnt wok fal tht we ese a aint Sip tha as ben drial mtn by +c who operated without hea’ coment we hy think tat me hae exper ewer tuber, ‘Consr, mote gine, as alto pele catgory of ces, ‘Auta A and B ae a work ons proj. Yes who ts poston to ‘make thet that Aad B hve god tea ond eredileimerenes {nd succetaly cours A and B tno abandoning the Shae Pos nd poducag something slong the ine Indicted by C. When we took athe elt me ought noo shink tha Aad B were She fale pole the suthors Conia wel ce Wh A nd B bod do chins the concede rte quiero work. Yet Aisin hg and fr Boca ego eb season, Bele! ‘oppos A's deco: (and pehap would no ven eto make any ‘ume propos) Tneadr B docs wat Ass Bod These Kind of eolltoaion here butt wou be rang, o sy the ee tol ison autho, sce Aes thes? Mote peal Te would be out af rept the bi inte ero shore to ot fora eaoceptual Eamewor in which thee pesos whe hae the a ‘onto and den making power na collcie proces eed {the author of water wok reo tha proces CCoaian comes i dees, an, tothe etn tit sve >is suo. Auhonbip he, sala conepe with pect cS gioco hos Wak et Rape Ba 68 An Ino Approach Bs Ply to cnercon, The ron hy this be ceca cond, which i Proily wha i ated by cpeson, ie consaeo ofthe elvan ‘Sone of autor ei miner hk ta this nton of conta ‘Sibteny tacke ooh once of autorship am deending a ‘Coal Sore pens tobeln ny, slong ar auch deemed to bea mac of itetonl stv Gin the fem of che Senna taking of wor) conta which a eontent of eater reas ‘ase component a ths cancepfushoips es pve oi ‘ot bower ta the leat sen of onl compa with be {pntenous and ps dertve ements of atc predation: ‘Eyre inna the tl hence of serio maton. Whes we ssytha Aa opposed 0B iin conta of he roducon ofa werk thse doe nor mean that Aha bean or deliberate o xf Yee ifanyone intentionally fabio ores the acealy eleant fete of the mor, is and pot B fa other words the vant terval ental hres ob confi with ome ie of liberate ‘scoacl, ‘She of Ingmar Bergman's comment out he cation of his las, nay ep ofthe tha pine Bergan often died hat any, ‘Hr ound hip of dpa images tht al pontaneoasy tiered ns mind ad sonic cpivated ie aenon, Are wae ‘rauchan ig his iapnings wold eonsinere deo and bxcme tore compe For example, an image of we wore compan Ui Fans bom aosited wid some base characte woly ements td ieaion and evenly edo the wing of df for the Sm. ‘enon Began ees ot poche la of isto and thar, fran ob mae, the ine moment mu bellowed iy ‘common ene’ and eafemansip. [none eon be ermental snthelater a flows ‘Onecnsy ht ning27 yan dict Lael spin hick 1 ae rug dhe pols ef teaionT he coma & prac ethos «met Tine om dine ine Bas ety hi nto ie ed wel cinco ele er ih oy "Borin pine Lie scaly wrk yen” ‘ga Sepa, nevi! by Sg to, A172: bapa Tipe of abn te Cinema © -Anenphsson conolincefom dtonmaigin comet ef elerve wk wr saleby VF Pm ns dan eth condo unde which te dav of fi cn te enol She auhor of he wotk—the gh eng at memes at bot say the dear afte hr Peis weet it teu dat the decor aor tae go fw en ‘Sof aie conta? An tet cool sat honed Pej topes nd many ete omen he sa tang andthe ts more par Thr ay eae he fimmaten compan duet of cone and sue kp foc and the gar tng wih tie wee Ee Aide esl pe a app the dom and contol hey maybe ly Soe Ins vein Bexgman wrote che following remarks: eeacae Lrg a oie tno ‘ee spony tha duc sans brie psd Ibs The te oe hs eco il np beng mae ease iis teas chan Iam the st ting compe My oly tthe wo offi » my cenive hectic one an ce Saw ‘eet yh re ae te of ny To meaton on oer eximpe, Mike Nichol makes the flowing commen abou te importa’ of auto comic tothe at of ‘Thais decry thi kind fc aroha abaya Sec Hno eic bu Be the ps ha be ifr by ne ln my view Nichols oversees i ae: some flns ate ne inre by-one vin. donor age hit al lo al god Bete rducrofone dominant expres plsoly ny ain ater, ee al in Be i sod g d cut li edn Sno ee ee 0 An nets Appa to i a Pioaply utorsip, be tse orunsacenflgven one atic vale, Teg sufiene como the podacon oF ook presented the ars ora) ovo, AUTHORSHIP AND EXPRESSION Satie conta wie des ice 0 moni SRS sae Peon cc pecomlon pee Fringe Lundy der one ao Trot psy sone wb con ie pongo mann Set the no of in wn Hl os ad i tote le me sr Dt ee ape of aa eed in, hen tae, ual SEIES pew aor favs The poof sea ork SFutueeSch palit Yee wih neo one Miya thesia sn pg rin ie Bee nt mae pom a, In igi fe ‘Shon elinon of tr pet gland pro. thle ace hoi Bic capes in he Woe A Dn refining en en wk pee ome ‘SEicbe ‘ar anspor oly eo SEE denon etna leg Papen en sete ove a pani pn cnet TShetryoi at pone tn beat orber oy ‘ig em pooch pe compen woke Rca latot source Novae wine Fema sea waned pve ufo camp of tea aig te sing sek a rod on SShugMar pelea ar voc pee ee inc ene sfeme as oc of wonky erin = ny nn poi fy ey. TESTE Tapa othe lly ape hs oe Spiny au te coop hs whch neni chau SE ime & Boe Agee pret oe Fone le, Cn Tips of udp in he Cems a whe other phlophers hae blo. Expeion not meres ‘eceunry othe authors fal aegis of works: Pape ther se fly nese Hl, pd ome of thse ld cv Be works of "caving an author or group of joins authors. Sch wots could be ‘irophely important at eat so frm tiny einer has Soisenddimpleon fr piwpbicl genres sur feat of Sim. Such exer arent, howe, my fis in is Bok, athe ‘opie f cinema a plop drs seni othe bd sage ass where th wrk is inended convey gee bland oe triode Gch as clue jalgemen or peeeence. And ines, ‘man lo nln ric one are dig oer the maker's rade abou genes rpc. Som fins, cladng wor of ton, 2 overtly plz ani ict he toro i shore ok the work have cafe the work ao a0 promote cen bel, ‘My propos then, is hat the word authori ibe asin dhe covert of sec and wre wo dy atonement that sre evans a intuncer of expenive or atti haar fn vars Tein whee authori a involves xtc lft coal ne {he malig ofthe wok 3 whol nny ces in which woke af ste tetanic and expressive goal orp: many (bo al srk of a bse not ony valu nonexpree srtaie proper, tor abo expres ons in he sense tha ty have een cfd wih ‘heim of ticing sear ofthe sth, Ad wh a work a ‘apronve comet te author of her wok ite peron (x pons wo, by vie of making (and superiing th making of he work, ‘her hold bean a the source of he atte epee “The proposed age of thor and is gates ton ‘hence imigh, br mate min ree in otf People a fe nto in expreing thir ates and lg an etane or work and is th scampishnene bing ea by sn sun, Auincsofen hee a caeponding ise in ying 18 Gnd our what the make of «work wat ting to cvey opin ‘ey maybe nated bythe ai and ka lteter 4 pombe ourcr of ight in is rhe ero, Acid, inept fen hve anita athe mewn whic ate Fok tite stutter. They ae ered fo emp Enoning wheter he et hasten produced elo wr son, for works th ar ey cet ate nr ikl to nde ofthe ‘lar adr and sl. The people wo apse ad np Fimelienwanttoknow whether parc stor bad ds atthe 72 An Into Appac i Philp ork was aisha and ready to be shown othe pli o wheter the Fake cig war ime with ov insrptd by other pres ‘rahe ester The ple maya be treed other amet oe Dorms of compucton or wae peoducion, ng wil the pes fd eed f sl inae.Alchough nh things may be uncormen texto perfomance ot afc that hatte appearance of having been rade ns haan or feed manner cok in ict be pred Frrwmeone acting calmly and conluiey on 2 carly deibred scheme; and ontario of uncntald or wanton acy ould happen yield an ordy and erly composed tet tat hat very appearance of having ben nied acing wo some pes. [a ‘he conten of a dcusion of the we of fim wo expe pilowphia ides and agus he rence of an exreion ae oncetos| tf auhordip i bows tay pesto ae ise in whet ese fn ato (or rp of people working oper join such) have ‘lade expres convey ina fi, INDIVIDUAL AND JOINT AUTHORSHIP ‘A sate shove, the conection of authoship olf hae, wi is joie condos of ucient convol and expressive or asd, ot mean 0 enthonespaey indie notion of flm-maing (On the coneay, mye dat te folowing Been schema ‘ype cise ofitees 1, tna eth, {nome coe an individ Simmer a be singled outa he stor of iemate work by vise oF having pesonaly performed the tevant,itensonal fi Imakingscier The author in sch cates the sole maker of (he aio vn play, hich ses ae the expen of the thor atic (be He sinrely or ince Seansely imac), 2, Individual ethrdip in the coma of cllesive fl making rer. Many ppl ae involved inthe making of the nao Wil displ, bur here sone eon who has sft conta In these of dcion making auton ad vapor wis ‘epad ro the mang and overall daign of the wore Ta wich ‘se the author spe and gues the coneorione made Wrote and deciles whch tl willbe wed inthe anton Tipe of data i th Cinema a of his ot hex pctrencs aig the a dein ofthe work Although ato calabortrs make rae conouions, oly thea is aponsibl orth work 2nd who and the oe oe akan a fale expen af tht persons tides. That ote prs bare, unde heathor ssapedon, made sin cones oh work dees no cal a thre esos ae ao be en ween hon ade in theneck ae ine auborhip among egal. Two 04 mote persons work together onan egal otng and share spony for efi produc: Ifthe Work exe, the staer preted te 1 fetakn at arias hey sare, Join aubonhip among egal sin (3), ye the joins aubors superiie the wotk of cther contibuy and decide which ‘neon wl eed Addons reais shot rns authonhip may bein order hey xpi in he ght of Cos boa cin shout Comes. A het inca cletvesthohip mig pt in gue hs cathe come ght be lene partpne ec of mulimai f e bred eos ea he onspl bndsape clot mapped ot in tam of n oppocion Sec harcaios inde ahotshp sd conical ety eng odo chnks ad Gs. No dae the ates and ly we ccs erp fer highty ren alyssa ava ts inkrpng ih te pects centy hl ofthe been of an nscale ‘cb whey good eee tut fo ancora sings ether inamor porn ge of atic us ed oa eopantve endo sign the roucton of nda we Myfropent jin athnip eb coma oes ef op or olive sealing in which ccc condor sd ace ‘rain cnn on genie ena ae the wry ten of Soni Cle peuons who wok roger do not aye apie soot verthing 90 scala sfoip mu allow fr conte and Sine unsorted ay Bde sl be. Minna, iin sho me sare thes of conn ob ang a sn i: Catan rm Ssh etn Popa 74 An bial Appr Flo Philly ucerance or wok for which they wil indy ake cri and blame) “Acingn th enn, he joa autor sae inthe aking free ‘ew dbions and cece cnt ont te shape fhe al produc “hd ehey ne mend wo elie shred goal by ating i pun ‘Stovanc iy and case of what Mecha Braman as ele ‘Shingle’ The ean conn br sth he ways ane ‘meas thatthe conbting agen ave led on are copanble a {hese tha os imponethatthey cold be nancy rele Shae compe plas that te he objec of muta bei tie peel what ae luking neues of cao collie artmaking in which htc ino genuine ealabraos or oiat autor Tr many cs wheter mate peso oily author ap merce crwth inensonally genet rch ex tec, peor Shoo store has the mock’ publicly sea component in {2 doing hey act on ting sbrplan and exebe sued coal Ind dation aking aor over he err Sareot nmol, the wrk or ten, they together tae ee fo eas whole the deco indec expcsion of bel oc aides pare of the ‘ros oval Gig. Seine authors ae colecely 0 Be eaken ag The epreive parse eae en ssighlowar, brid cana wel For example each fale wo grees 10 make 2 len ta il be put of a alec ‘lm stb ornibs ln) beleve and as god eon to belive tha he ok combs nnd oat accordance wi the us scene ht gona thi aiid eo, and ey may een mean ssn highevorder bel repeding those state mural (ic, Forcrmpe oad bagel breach cr wil cour 2 soa fi hat ha para eing or camp, Pari) as wel as {gven theme (oung lore). Precis aed with oud {och cos she ng of he fil, and there ena Be syisic And ehnial ude pe of camer and fm, se of cler or ‘ik and whit and on thio, te te a number of shared tnd compu inten, wl ther dcions te ete up tothe eval decry lon thy do oc come int conte with ce ‘hardens Teer sensei hice deren diecos fave covathored an oc fil, cach of hem an be recogni a the individ! suor oso fm tat har ben odd inthe Mh Eran, Fa of ti: ed gy oni nd Ac coe aR at a 8 Tes of uci inthe Cinema By vel work, We can ay tha noni ft of his very pea tor combines sine and india acorp hts aly tre in'which the omibes Shas ben iy ato, bur ale propio copie nd apreciated thon fhe ‘Beech rough ogc ein he gr won? AldoghU coment tar tices cater ofinvdual achohip in cores wher he poduson ofthe wok votes crete cl horton, i inperane o ackaowedp sar ths nor the mo common sai it ges commer Blvmakng Trier tne ndvidal to write he ait and ges ja abst every ‘Syren pet of ee fn podacton pico ces pcg sing segs and lo oth arn prolate ced > ied As example Chae Chops making of The Gold Ria (0923) Noc only i be wre, ds place ain le, ut he lr spel ju about rein ce More commun ch of ‘howe eped eps et ofvhom mayhavestt sad ‘same cs ey geen rane of cated answering ster isor er sipeeian tn caer rong ida econ ithe dor who exec screed decn-makng autor oret the rls proposed by any calaboats who happen ob employed. For empl, eam spcaiing in cing hat the tsk of Ending ‘Boro aces who ght be cen ford ening lbs he thor wo aes ce Bnldeen ar 0 whch one wll be ‘Employ Obiosly ithe hice of hea wes wpdowndeion Ima by produ ome npr commie ng fete ing ‘fa deo, hi fice atenuues the ext to which he sere India ether ofthe fal laud one more mane dee wth rep to coercion, eacce to Bega oinony ny asin be hep ee Bas sino tee Preto oe Af ism, But he a nied on sawn lac andrponsiy fg and che er een as ben ed to race a pet sf kisser decor Wh eget nwt of ealabraon be Ft he i "i the Fhe Oban honk: Willows Pos ‘ee Ku 379, 6 Sumner ee bo ag 76 Antennal Appa Fla hilo commented lie “AIT ink i somsne ne decide the ou ‘oberaken, Then one must uy to agi on and then i's yp othe lector tc we flow tha owe oper hat the agree ve tna at ep vo In sore semen Bergman compared thee (the Bm resort of organs The dec haan ooo gest ply an the save the renga, which fhe obese ito wo he ete degre, he has Ric wren, The ng ba ‘any pei pipes and woke, which in the ceo cine se ele len Bm setulae actor, composs, ory makeup ron, 20 on I the organi Forget ths he flu and proba aot ery good ope Ihe ie forge ie they shouldbe ake ost fn replaced, Bergman as Bergman allows, shen cha l-making ita caste proces in which people depend hey on exch others Al, Ye teins on the mporane of the sxpand on he decors ‘ontrolof he vel pose AUTHORS AND ACTORS My argumens fr the positliy of individ! authosip within fevtet of calorie flaking ka focused oo eer where the ‘itor quaint ones who wes he scp, dacs the shod, dedi of the fl and sel engaging in wide range ofthe ‘ction and dscns nvlvdin the making hem, Yer posse teobjec tat even when sich conditions ave been tis, he oon ‘finda schon lappa Suchancbjecson har bern ‘ade oreflly by Bere Gat fron ais) auchonhipes mate lth aking of utc roe sort of woke Anyone wh dows ton can ged im in ES Rn Sa I Cae eS es i Tipe of Athi in te Cinema ” 4 work with incor ther work contuive popes ees wo ‘creogied on af tar wos mpl auto Cas agus th, neste fin-alr thot aorn efi, here care ta Fis sl ator becuse the her perfrmer or perme deed on sues (or whose vis ate wen te soundenl) conti ticle wok Tis woud be the en cen na asin where the dcr gel and spend he crs poems an alowed to dara om dhe adctansf he ip forthe ser parca ‘mumer of enbndying hero or peaking te ines rae ee Char othe deceit, Since the petomer nes aac tfc her sheisonf fn’ muller. Frese multe tutors conubutng 3 haem sno nddenly sutored ‘etsmulpy-suthored wrk cul, Gar lows, hares down and Coordinating collaborator Gaur ws he expen “unseat to ef way lm shat incest lee one onscreen prormance by an stor who ot the lnm. Gren hi ode serpin lows ht maine Gi a defined have mae ares ‘e) athe “Gas and in agreement on many inp subsets concening soap in ft, tgiing wih ce Hen da sie tet de he fs nage ons a nial eno wha scoccved ofthe sng tnd soe ater ofl ‘eu ae ta ats ae eff wot lr sent icc autho and ht hear contutons made acy ef eens ‘msicappreaton. ale Gast howeve propo ha nse ct ther more thar ane peso his elcome othe making ef {wo the word ‘stort apy applied ern wt lap the ol of he dominant cordnatg claboros inthe cto of ‘hework provide hat ht he wok Ben ade by hs ron ‘vith he aim of expteing to er aide (on he bc of {ny cape comet, with hes of edoming he work with ae ‘aoa, “Toile my ropa bnew rma aour ant Anderton’ lin the making of Ingmar Begnans 1933 Somme ned Man irl “The Sune: wth Mon) a ces art je bos bok wot ears fl ace an 0 Begars ce {5dr and autho. To deny tat Andra rade an corn herent como eh me et hr i ir 78 An teins Aprach in Pils ei oe Type of dahon i te Cooma > te dence tee ln woul be tose. Beta his filo Anderson ‘nematographi iu snd cniened chat, She sal dec ito che le ofthe camera ding one hos she ‘made a mujor innovation Inte history of ema A Alin Bel pits ou this acim note ath ae cao cxamples, oe Sl which abe Fund in Jean Reno's Par de Campagne (1936) ‘What is move. Anderson bel epost Ie was Berman wh, in an appatentyunchacerinte momen of inpoviaton sald he 3 the ae minute to sae stag ino ee lena Yer, ve mae Adesson who sprtancosl cane up wth sh provost ad highly appropriate par, war up o Began dee wether owe the fg sot in the il. Is Bergan who decided change the ling and eames poston ge deamacely a he shox etna (Ggures3.1-3.2) The drama pincandenresinc poe: of Mons dae sare aay der nay sa fm chart a oy foe which Bergman and not Andon, ns spore (Berg's ppoptaon snd revoking of «sory by Pe Anders Fos is ‘ther oy tat ee nob deed note) inmyview, Anderson cersialy deserves bcc fr be sper performance, ba shee author nesofte pr she pled inte Story no ofthe Si of which ei prs bcase he dil oo ploy the Fight so of conclingand epee rosin th making of te work, (brows he atv snd mpl pans "se ace with the deers ut thi fc dcr not Se be othe saa of ont buthor inthe aber of elicit conus en presi iteton a ol, the making ofthe wok ln ar pesos fo the Se in qlesion, Andon crn dct 4 marlin job of epesing the aides of Moni (ery conering to he ac seal fhe worl ut cotribting co the neon production othe ‘inemate wot by portayag te chace of Moi, Anson was ot fe inde expesig ero sien he lm Tes Gu tha some procs fone nls ave taken up an author faneson by pursing the gl ol ving he ews dation ofthe Roel persona they porta serves 48 cxpreion (of pene aides a they cher endo (or campe Joh (Cinna awh © An Intima Aprach Fila Phila nein The Gro Bre) but een ti doe a fifo them so eounted autho ofthe Gen rt wale ber condone ae fitibol—nich atthe actor imulanenaly working athe conceling Yoreman daring the making ofthe film Those condone have to the, wth the scar exer sient conta. an ating txpeniv tetas the aking of the wk ma whole ober sil mein hat the content ofthe ln mo be hen eleven fo sribusioos of aude the paso who waste cooling geen ‘he making of i) Here [toch spon an ied by VF. Pins is chaper on suhorahipin fim, the iden bing tht, whet 4 mamber of pens tv ak til sean contains eo = Bim ack cone ae in geeal noc responsible for ination deiging or ecting ‘herein berwcen hse difsent clement chink Pekin ion the igh ac here In aang of trains, he dct of ppc ads thoy awe lade many terete fo ai thetic relaton aad ogi properic, sch a proper! vid Fume, fr exnpl worst when 2 ce perience 3 stork he gensine sentiment yore formulated Beg he relation fhe pars aot diced 2a he ce of LB, Al the crm lgandt ws ued eo deg a iporant higher de ‘non tween thie other nego of tein prope lle ‘nmr, iment, ed collie Given» pen ad clay controversial se sb the nortan cern spf eatin Popertir among 3 work ofa arc and expoive proper (earng with he clanical descaum of uy in comple and ‘moving on om thee = bs of here nd wiper) the ofa work pt wok of a orp pee ener de Sinvibly fom the rrp and Cements wo aon beeen te pars ad. ulimaty, 0 the peso (or pesos) who ean be ‘ndeod ex porn being reponse fhe wrk eign which Stake at inci ch los berwee the are ot therlatohip ewes athohip and sinematic acting, Anderson i ao sh aly eres in he le ho i hown warn in the econ ofthe inp ecm sa Tip of Auchonipi the Cine a 52 An teins Appach Fil a Philopy shor of Lars Ektory, who pays Moni’ standoad lover Hay, Included wads th cad ofthe ln (Figute 33) The contast bern the anaes plight of the wo carers kel undencaed bythe wold of dlisece beeen he mesningr a thee footers Sar momens- Mons sare deft in feof he oe of the dl wile aad oe: she wl be dann ihe ging bang and and sope wih the dadgey of howeleping sd cl ring tlhe il fn oe ad The abandoned Hay quite erly Te king the Baby wil be espa tn ae ohio For the chil irene, yer he boo is ue diol into a monage tf fabcks king be memo of hit degly eos nd romantic ‘le with Monn ut inthe seis Fight 3.9), Ths conte bere ‘Avon scenes elu one an exprenive concent haemo aeibuble ‘oie peter ken singh, br er ariburble othe ental Sutor of he work, Aoderan allan portal of Mona root fo been a indicate of ber aude ond iresponabe young ‘moths wht Sener with Moi an be sppropisely fed oe Bean's cee off vou theme Pint smbiaence abou peo and sous ean gender rolex cer em or ie edith autho, ad pecans area atuted to it dimension ite nv coment ie sein ngotan. eis ling, perkap, (Gat expert snd informe commenti et xpi reer aed (dost Bex’ ie ofthe cle ope in wich thee are dicey int the comers, ot Haver Anderma's or Lar Eubrgs pute Aor of thins of the vf which hey te intended par Temay be hpi to conchae cis dicunion by pining ox shat [aot tink anyone owns he word ath” eat thee {ay sags, eontect con of auchoip ended by odie ung Nor dT blow thee is any one dorinan ear” concept of hor dat xe sro he ra erty cute, The noon (Finena suoahpthat Uhve pred, with dal empha ‘on conuol and onl expect tncaonal dagn the Toeing of «wo, Bds msn nan ier in ean 9p ‘teinsmac achievement, suck a Bergan cation of + sr of Type of Auhonipn theCinema s philowophicaly poking works. The rool not mane pee fr ovenhadow oer lide of cnet herent whic aces hs ang fom noni foums of tere econ As ines in sual exes should not be lowe ter om, ou apecaon offim ating scl tet nds fara comtbuont etna be bed ahs pon chat i ony an utd ad long debunked cil spproach Se toes erm de beck od forth between he at i snd his or hereon wot teeing ‘0 al pen’ nein oie the vo, and ming th fevon ta motors dpuedprcenaton of store el cpecncr and pena in tapenm ei cal te dp ‘ween he pe of iment trae and ae pots oy tears about cinema lwp andthe a ofthe me oa ya the eof 4 Partial Intentionalism ren ifone gas the aumpron ha sme Sm soul eesogiad 2 the foul of eer indo pine shor, the queon ty sl be aed wheter he subor (or autos) ites and slit Hive aning wo do with be deminacon af he wort Snel mesninge Av he ot in dings of comming the dreaded ‘mentor lly the moment we sat epeing a ore nt ai the authors pute team nti hae reg a Casio by dds won faa hat witha he ‘menos Cogs so bd some fh hr ‘Sing an-ntcnio es oFinepcon. i, INTENTIONS AND INTENTIONALISMS Inenioralm inthe piso ofa ierpreson iin eer hes ‘Saino dct of emerge os of {tind cn abe italy a te sped wo doe ap inepeation er appreciation — name ‘bone which subordination be tage of some Hf ne al ‘ebtons of meaning rae. es coherent bean inetionalst ‘Bout the meting of wots witht do beng a iensonali out ther vale and yc vr, Yether abridge and seman Invern hes, suche tat apreconsbinerpreation ‘Boul be armed eo ye of aie xen party eed gh ‘Bear sill scomplshment of mane inetons “ing hat what inna a an iporant pa ofthe inte sie andthe aneanenonalar’) bax. Ths ws tpi bare Calenopat ges enh hewbcre® By 1 fllow led R Mein “Sg ri ei yn Cron Ps 209, ges MTT Si Sf ti a Oa ey Posie Irentonlio 8 ‘ening imensons aan emcutv sia towards pln egding ‘he intending pays owe frre scons, ne can haves plan dane ‘oreingin mind without intending to seo th lt he ese Ate inves being scled oa ating on the pan when he ten Gomes. And inthe acne of ln tc an bene indng A Em itimposile for mem execs ec nsec nthe eer is Hong Kong nex December, cannot atonal inten oat oy Blane along the line. an howe, hoe er Wah x yoo wea, tm December, coulda fame sd selon «pen tly Ba thee is bad weatberin Hong Kenge shat tine fhe oe Jevold Levin bi ved hsdrecnent witht potion (nich fe abl an unpromising sro) sid contends that tee ae ee ons that do nt ange ove she ending pets om fre se Sich intention be proposes ar ‘nomative ates read the ‘som of othe ad be asta ome of seinen ves “uci ole in at-making™ He spp ths chim by econ + J of such icons: tending vanehing tobe tle as et ‘sre:icending perme cone ing quae we mail ea Inning one's ke work to beeen center nye a ine those finan xr f ge ne fm, lel rs inet alliions amis“ This i Lennon a cold beeen ‘nein am epic aboa sac cans to the pele hess hal incense aad aging ove th sens! he imeming sere ‘Theta coun caumpls of nemonimeling the non of seg ane plan of acm, and no corre coe cues Whe ‘set out oasis of ntesion, cy nance y the pale ofloking forthe ain plan ining he tending pay rome Fur actionn as chats eco evaydfenses bree Intending and wishing. Tat bof methodologies spc ‘the tens in Lviaon's Wile concur tha is ee ef ce spent verde the of hing chat cold plays ct le In aremaing, he conesponding in tar wuld al play sch take dow only base they involve te ara eft iets ode someting With Levinson’ pone abou ihecacal len seman? Invi. would ewe the fi allows inning make ssp 2 eld Levine, “oi aeons Pate a a 85 An Ineionais Approach w Fi Pilon ‘ork an so tending to gt os ands it the clap desig that ‘ina vibrato wha one want ano inending owe a soe at ‘eatin he te of inna bos nding oo expernent witha nw aye m0 male onc ltr wo ina yet Gees {gt obi fom tof oe eer works iending to we Tiss fm tat wl accion sone of te plese pel enoye sad expe by Himgonslving sat knowledge of the say of Thereof cou. many diferent acions «lake cn peor ih de aim of igo group of people ofan om andi ‘ring of Ht esl, foc aking the no fhe ony or toe 1 snout runout about th fi Toul Beping oxyde leew allow data decor wo dss at inend ted ony ofthe things nonce fend ha hse of tice ‘Soemati- cle ge the Se se, Replace “en wth hopes inthe phew and he problem ashes Someone ca hope wi stor eapect ome people 1 ean fm seig paar ‘co nen to ing tb role abut res ting on lin ‘eh ty te nending pay ohare sme chance of ine oF ‘Seay elgg dt sae of ie aon rhe, he ingore {lnction beeen ining the p and wing oF hoping that p aligns Sochs dination mate dn re inensoai ‘Wing abd oping may ply some Aid of rk in ae-nakng, bc no ofthe aca soe payed by ineson, which havea ce ake { intend acon and rae dlerons and pls, anyone tho i commiced to he ely and inpras of the dino Teween ining and oping shold sdope 1 ancpe of mending hrs with hs tude, ot one alee cet a th Sy, moon pie abo hive depsive coment when sch ‘how are combined hese purer sche palis and ents mei Asin the ce of sence pes char the dor ope, = equenc of moving pct an bp toa sae of se the flog of parca anc, he mesring and fee of which te to deeming ye content of tenia pe ane speci Ce Rit ew 9) lp ae 94 An netonals Apps i as Ploy ‘THE UTTERANCE MODEL AND IMPLIED MEANINGS. As Ihave jst indie icons of wats kins tnd thik about the meaning of works ofa along the sume line one vis thoutthe meaning ofan nrc, andonean-neonisaevon ‘eau i nappopite to aply thi aernce model to work oF ult In sponte, shod toned Bt of alta ‘uternce i fen tenia Boal Gren sens, sotding to which { wean is anything tht hs «eta Kod of expres funcon ‘in Gee emo nail meaning A poppet show o hye fee den cold bean ternal debra Sopp anion rection Ye the pierce ofan utannce edd, ve i this read ese is sometimes contr. A fist reson thi wl i sly ma rere ack wh the mening ofa ern may sound concider ce feds ak fo he vel ool mening of spravling wor ike ated Prous’ le reer dep oa ner Wane Fasbinde’s Borin Andre (1980), and Micha ‘Gmino'sfngmenary Heer Cate (1989), The cod be bese Teeny, inca note sew ate noe ene inane dao sre at otha of hago hve sucha mening In eyo, ena be gual ties ad tose ou he meaning of inpsing aed ‘onplex attic achivemens (ep flagmensay one) but this docs noc safice fo exablsh the more general thes hae mas ote ‘Mlsework ar nor unrancas Along we act a daaioy and ‘owner concept of mak we cae ently shorn np wor ‘heutarance mesg of wich nore bad eo en Al there are tome ety lng notre tance the meaning of whic ie wed bedi nor imposible to clacite complety, bar that dcr no val ha shee dco are oc rer lng a we udewnd (he tem ‘rtrane ating w penis or communicate a0 "nh ig eid ete gan a goer Cie! end Sa ei Ndena a Pore neta 9s Indie of atid, So the diac beeen wens vg tings andthe ss of ing tat dose ng oie Ions snr mapa no te desea Rees ene es 1 ewig tae and Conte ey pope ook The mtingsn to conpes low as han ee ‘hich does noe imply char more paca elucidstions, in keeping with Out olin me prov Ante oon, pero th hs hat wks we oat canes te tere el of meng epee te ag Stn uence nh he spars o aor aig hone ik shemuning ft woikef ae sr lucie setae intone flows he uneanes med ae ee repo Se may pit one eae via ere ‘raming wasache Sa wy of undone sole fen ae ofan sense bats sare nena ss inunonlan Use ning cqtlen te sect tutns meng buena ian been weer nee i sucess acs he intention to iply 4 mee sce With wii writen, pen, or eherwie put on ply. As varios ‘ommenaoshave corel remarked hs meng condone TTave no propo fora sharpening ofthe mesg candion or any smahod respi procedue for i sppcaton {cote tu many anno eel a Sed See cnn Ay ey 100 An Poni Apron Fim Pilly peices ne ly vif ir she ig © sre mehingendos “ake hing mp and may em cok on single inags mck pn dct nde sty ny Enh cml i fing wdc os wed rn theDuch Ameisoncan! homobe ofan cn bese ie ‘Totus deni on oat on ying pre Th he Smid SapFord cp wean ot wok meng ing ‘tye wihnscnid bred Megs een ‘fenton nd tens fn adopter eck ican ge ah ar ang es pos mala Ss "Posing cnton con inp tos hat il sr flags eon oh el ae of ac ech ‘rong md for Wltng at ching A gc of wees nt oe compat in eae tt be Hogan ey ep ‘ea cmrndcy i rjc yl eect Sly mien cop no tre ton, Come ‘Sesotho ‘hese dw oto my ti ha many Pana {Shon fan vou onan inde a ren all ofthe ee singe las ste eth wc wk ‘keen oop te any often ae denen Tay Some pnw ows roca ning al or [hemes Tl ve he es hough wil seule xy sing nn pl ohne Pasa Wi gl teow Lori clel ogre SALE gdnmpom cto dln seas Sst pet 7 “Th mab cordon pis he lion Berne canent fe cid st eal a anc en Sold trong wwe te cit nd inp icon der a pe SSOKE Slee ack wre connections heen vou pin The ming of nton nd see uteri doe We Sheene berth sono en and the tp ‘hn ater Thie optenet ed e he ed SNe ince i oh demu ds cma aril neta 1 lim, and exempliaion. Suppor xampl tht cinematic 2uthor' intention in aking = shor fictional film was wo expres the ‘howght har wealth coup and his iento nated by asi ‘inal dil tha depts tory events developing a conta between 2 proagoits contin btne sd afer he ean nist of 2 le frre. The ver of spl, hone: fbx are ‘emp in «host of marae de tnd ne fuer acl by tan of paral wothe ilar ver of och characte in the wage ‘hes descipson sad in ok cone the vis ad aes ‘hat low fiom the nal joyous win. The tht ratons beeen thf segment seer cbr time ena comee which num insane she nerd explanation of theres of te ‘yin but nowhere overtly tel she movi, the the Estous hangs inthe ves ofthe herman ais companions te ‘here of weal invbly blac, “The idexonal connections conte of meshing can take any forms, bur 8 vome danoune thts hive ypoened, many of them inva ach Bas caps of thought pst whole lations ‘atte and ct, sina and difrence and Sto rempor ks contiguity Te imporan eo aot thao the stron of sch ‘onal canecuons and sherri rcs en be nependent a ‘efaene eo corresponding shail ltetonn, they techy poise tm independent source of eidence of the sus relation af fevde meaing in the werace The meshing conten dows not rej dt the tnenonrcgng ipl contr eomepond ‘or bar a suong concept! suction with ch and eves ete ff the tx pay, or stare, In ccs where che msn con oa i sii, competene nets ly fd tthe lnvrions reaiy neste with ee mens of he Spay and ik the sheovel sructts and other peta of coesee abled yet dip’ conversion matings In ann case ere an ate and melnfoed irre iyo fd the coerce ‘veal down. Sometimes an sutor inca to intedace an imple cxplnatory aon fr & hrge mquence of inapined ory ren ba the intention in guesion were foo inpoveitic, or 0 pee fey dhoght though and acted up, ve provide ann he & onsen and tesoably dead Rhino the sry deme and thts ructres conveyed bythe oto dpa, 20 would bea mistake for anyone wo dent she work's meaning long te inne ies, 102 Ament Approach Fm a Phibsoply In dean eto ited abe sr of are of coherence in fly dele imerpretaon ofthe fin Mein Vere (1991, dl anda Sah), where there ample evidence of are one intentions with the sherri arcs ofthe aia dap. (Other cumple an be menoned, One sich ce Tule Any ‘Men (1957, de Sidney Lume. While te Sloe gute polgay plow the ump of dlraive eon ove peje and dogma, 5 daser and ore eta Tok pinpoint deta tat may be het Se undemining hat eersching eign For eampl, he dogmatic Tul wh i ebger to rach avenge veri htt be phy thud before tna sumer an be ead nd the rump atone (eal layed by Heney Fond) moat oro 39 a3 of shoal and fen thst devie in oder to ge hs pots oor The interpre of the fn mighe prow hs pone std cn tend the she itn and tetra eres ofthe addy Ao'noe fly mash Although the intended poie ofthe fm it that reson, and aoe coetion snd shar, preie n the courtoom, ‘pec of she terra omen ofthe le chistes, Anobet Sample of sca whee a pilwphiely rovardigintrpecnon of 16m descibe bods inendod meanings and waimendl resings ‘significance Gate (1997, da Anthew Nicod, which epi sopher Neve Sec comends ie heals f te fn, nites ‘he ypocaor to admit a characte whowe behaviour fe show to be ‘nadonal and querionsble Bese fe wily enanges the ves of ober Tal conde his chapter by providing a more del dicson ‘ofan cvarpl th ilsats te aplation ofthe mestingconon deed above DAY OF WRATH AND MESHING INTENTIONS Cal Theodor Dyes 1943 in Vd Dag (Day of Wot) was elon de Ptr play write bythe Noeweia thor Hane Wie Jensen (1866-1925), This play was fe peered i [Novy in 1908 and enjoyed» signin br rclvely shoe ination sce The py wes bed ony on te se ofthe Roy Cannes» Ppa aa and: I, Ba-9 Perel Ineioion 13, cra condemnation eed uring of Ane Perrot, the widow of ‘ileal protean pst, in Been i 1390. “The ation ofthe nr tin sere cenuy Deak Anne (portaye by Lihesh Moray se young wit of an eel put (Gsdon,poruayed by Tho Rona 3a th sn Who is oughly he age: She i sobegeendy accu of wich and Fr condemned wo be bunt athe ake Atnng he ny ieing fuori that chi citing ln isi whths fee he ory sat Anse geuingy i wich inthe rete of someone who tet demas powers to yt wale el ga Tn nny Sein ‘he gothic and ghost tory gente sch st The Bari or the see Fis Based onthe Hany Power nore ds hind of qesion ad zed quickly anne by providing the wer with dee si-ria Sridnce of beings apd eens sly comple with 4 nau ‘Solaaton. Any inerprcr woe mpc sppropiny vo tit ‘Spl prsated isis cog harmagilormapemstu ‘ents ate pt ofthe stay. Day of Wat weer no et nd of fle. Ar he fl ufo he pony of cl witcha i, sd evidence om both side ofthe gueton emg Stet ae Uysal ofthe endear including Anne inde ha they fly bie in such ehingy a donc poneion and sheds of ‘sper austion sac with wich Ths notin ol ‘Sptheseaes in vor of esuperntuai inert, howe, sine ‘ch be are wally inking th Dice's nooo ae Ithlow a high doges of Revel wera The spc a0 [Ben reson wo dink thar she carci bela in demonic power Ie lbfoundl and exerely ham. Tha oo lee inept ‘pins emege er mitchor ic inthe nny ov noe. ‘sl be unscey 0s hat both of tem sould dosed Sileaneously coe art woud be daly icoetet ro pos ‘Anoe wily anocne af wie and someone who intercon tmplos tal demonic powers That kind of ened ns be aed bt becuse it canor beige wih the unconovenilsmampon tha tia fm designed o cone a cate ty. Some vey walliniomed fm ‘cols have contended that dhe quion about the vey of mera eason ino rly dane othe nhac nmin pesos wih he hgh hat 2 Rand Cay, ne Ln f De TF of Cel Dre (ctl Cake SN Bn Ce nd 104 An eens Apa ma Philp sn inexpretivegueon cn out nob andamenl 0 ve prope) fen fi, even when hee ae apps othe Conta, shit provide god noon fr ny cnt tht witcha gueon i Indel ena Ae tec a he Bl Ane Ks ben condemned of witha Hs love Marin Pb enc yo hus abandon her ste withthe scars She wl be urate anc artic sper hs wtened sii wir uring eaten te fim he ort ha vd sam of har his mea pee 1-4) IF ane ony only bles she's wey ft using st be andestod 2 gre nd jit co on te contay, Anse aly isa wtch wo as sel demonic owes seduce Mat ado ler andthe he condemnation cannot beconeed Some ‘aque tht, even hough Ane in Kage with he dose ought sar Be pied o land wll dss the spear ‘Smputy, bu eis poston cossapods sa os, db not ‘inate ws belt ye cording we hich ere tt Sipernaral ev atc qi baal become canned a pope ak ‘tha cancer beret and ven ou eat ence nd ort ‘Sera darmaton To pa ic ere uno eae {dtu he wich quan ctnporan ou ansandog ofthe fm if ne doce at ake the heclgeal opons Sty Begin with which fa singly anachroninc popes wo eon dh hore subj shor me watt be ae tty what happened nthe Rin, ow they de ed ane to she ction eure ey of suport, hoy mam ats Scrub then’ hart dames ut tndestandingof he a sling» cohen ony depend on at ‘With hi sogh sec ofthe ixerrceive quan in plc, we ‘an sk wat grounds there cane in principe aiving st oes ‘msi i Thaher word wht he eran evidences Aconing ‘© the pr itesonalie poston that I deen Dryer icetons sh do the soy he war ling are rnc and aden dei, Provied char he incon ma fie ith he ceva fees ‘roe nbn Capen Rise B93 suis “4 Pare intentional 10s pws, ‘A Ising Fn Pho Peril Ientonalin 7 of the andi dlay, where toe fers ae, among oes ‘hereto sesrarecomtiated by the charctrmasons, logue Imiorsie moctge and other erie ad atic device So, FF the mahing condition i wo be appli, the incenionlt mut ae awe 0 questions (1) what wee the eras suhor ‘leant intentions, and 2) what ate the tear arate: cor ‘tate ofte aio il aco cobernce? Now thatthe rower {2 (Be al nocd mates, an empinal isue about which thee could acer be alate ering or seein pro! Room ledge Ail th eens me have aout Dryer sould be tema mlexting, mote plus. ould simply Ell shor of nace Tguouy viking ove cat and compeling newer te qution 2hoet hi inentans with rege the coment ofthe sy (Note ‘hae his dierent om saying ta though be was eflestey the hor often, his intone shied, ott he someon had m0 ‘Ecermiate ides or inensone abt wit soy he meant lin ‘heslm) “Here then, ae sme ofthe opins the inrpcter of chi ln feet igeerance ofthe fsbo he la thor, neath Sorrel icons which woud ene orange ofthe won sory content 2. jie tle or even knowledge, of she autor imensons, Tether 2.1, superman inventions hater 2.11, mash with th audio-vinal ily (Anne ia with), 211.2 fill co mesh (Dreyer mene Ane wo be a wih bo filo; o 2.2, maui neon hat 1. math with ee sui ila (Anne i noe ¢ vec oe 222, filiomesh (Dryer wanted oaks natrlt work bar inadreentiy mae a suioildply hat cola shows hero bea wil 108 Ansa Appa Fn Pop 23. hasan intentions tefl wat designed ro be pei smiguosbeteen thas rw nepetain) tha ee 2.21, mesh wt he aol day (he wok i ous 282. fil mesh (Dace inane pp the sc). Like the Dryer schoo Masrce Dro, Iam nnd ele hat ‘hee pion e221 In hello bl sch an aepument in suport his opin primary ance engin provide aeonably ‘comple isan of ee application a the meshing codon end et an exhaust and spent npc thet os «whe ‘which would bes holclength ean) ‘Suppor fer an inerprtve option may deve om bok inn al and etana evidence, wherein refs to the meng exes of the suds pay, and ‘exo tees te een ening tothe cone i which the ln was made and what We fn lar about the author and hs itenton. Avie eidence ‘in be teen our ubdettanding of exe evden sve ‘rth epee pros sone of espocl ljnent ac Ing tealy wo 4 scare eqiitvins bed pon an inepedon of the eoaliy of relevant ence. Hw, the, dacs ae api 2 Pin tile tar quis thut intestions "me with the sorte pers of the audiovisual dil? Thre ir po mth sto ale oe fellows The inczpee hs to oft and make sna of the ni inal evidence wih 20 ee to sich typical seve. pater os Cont. pales, exemplar, gerlaton, spieaton and abot ‘Such sherpa re ui sin in ill dvd lm such os Day of Wruh Ae David Bocivell hs etablohed in pest These oer ate Wes Jnten's there sen any rel wie, at women {Fak opel spinal powess—pomem moter that da nor dere From some mlevelen exer morc In the Be manag of the play, Wisfensea alded that when Marin in Ger goes o Ane this moment inthe aon, te sould be ao appesrnce of 27 ‘emnambolam, beau “he ony man who har ben weaken tps lng eprsed pain In tes word een if Ane i have some special hype ality, chino wha cased Marne come toher As Wet Jensen thought payee powers could be ienigat tnd undetaood by anew scence of pychicpheornna, we ca 7 thar he four antral ppoach to the event mabe a ‘wich, provides, tht x hat we gansta he had 3 wy acing the Boundary beeen natal snd penal ha egos Som harof our caret etal sence ‘Day of Wr ss modeled, the, on drama in which bli in demonic possvion and what ate meant wo Be underiod a aril nein 1B 1 mscprocnaon of the special pple power pond by sme Pons thee power te noe, howe, monic’ ora mansocaton ‘Sfvome aera er, cea if te sgt chsaches nun them ar uch ae of sal nSucce td unsympatetatu tim. cond ha the guiding intension of Dryer and hi collegues ‘rast spect thi cn prensa the play om wich the ln wat pe Acie, sal inept nec to be dacised—namely, she ambiguiy or hesiation reading evoked abo For ach an interpre thant suse he epee temporal eperine ofthe ln, pill veh opt she prorenivepraenton of evidence pening ‘TRtnceson and ston, mane atone cnt beeen fe or moe cal nepetiens at ot free omen appear tecorer For etmpl when Ante shown ro sce the conviction ther the sa wich thi alent temporary ads some suppor the ‘hough tha ti ay indend eum otto be ry in which some pesons acl veand we demonic power, Yea erent moments [nthe Bln eh sea spectar pula inthe oppose decson Fo etple, dig theses i which an old wean ccd of ithratrstord ander confeionedcateteohr, there hardly Figee 47. Tonnes in Def Wath 15 An ntentionlt Approach Fl Philly any evidence ashe has sy psn demonic powers What we se Fanead ea pte ld worn beg torued ye men who gore sn thoi ligiows community Fare 47). The content ofthe enfant ix erly dicated by on ofthe nergaors Silay the seme in which Anne ‘ell © atempts cl Mint he bguou beeen eincenc nd asso, Jt fer Ane makes fer inet ication, she elaine en dian precy a thi ‘moment Matin spe inthe per ie crns of he ame, Send ‘aveack igus 8-419, The basi hough sen et ate eof he lay temp to sre out and weigh she evidence fly shor of pusiing ado ands fru our oy one of hea ype abo the ‘oil coe Thee ca bo eau deci othe et ersome of thecal infect this content mere cones wl thers were noe Th thee emeresnsesinondr hype ca hie Stapf ene Borde inten ithe bt option, A cabeent inerpretaion can be sche t,o deren siesta the 3 nendel tole some ofthe ky queso fn pene orhavng sch nenn, income pode on main Spay tha paral end lo ra lncompae reading An intentional Arachis Pileply sng Ie inponan to aes, however tht an intperie deco in favour eau seconded perce ha he pect vg so slope an aide of deep sneering wih seud to she Bn on inptaie quinn, We do ot know whether Ane an rl wich ‘rnc Any mona respons he based on ether stupon ae ‘ply enfounde, Snr, we naw eo nahin abo Mt’ relcharcer Perhaps bei wpe wh sccumby wi psn then betty Ke lover onthe eter hand, Re cou be 2 young man who tempol give ia to ed teppaon bu then ‘czy wre himel fe fom ts ale flac od guider i ‘pe auagouly on the patho ation, Thus me sch this Kid ff cond rereading ar ome sage implicons tht ay 03 fie be obvious In rt enor ropa ote evens ine story depend on tree abou wt rata happening (which {n unconovesl sumption) the ambigity hypo ls spine the spectator condiding inthe end that ay such responses he ot the crperienend log he way were cote IF Ane rely could ‘wie but we know thar we can never Ed out, sympathy il fre Song dhe way would hve bees deeply eroncoun, Acorn 9 ich {second onder, ambit eg the pecan shoul nthe end be

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