Causation and Association

Dwi Agustian
21/09/2015

Cause?
is an antecedent event, condition, or
characteristic that was necessary for
the occurrence of the disease at the
moment it occurred, given that other
conditions are fixed.

Cause?
had the event, condition, or
characteristic been different, the
disease either would not have
occurred at all or would not have
occurred until some later time.

Constellation of component
causes
Reckless driving

Road Accident

bad road construction

Old tires

Heavy rain

Causal vs non causal

association

Roadmap to causal
inference

Five criteria of causation

Consistency
Strength
Specificity
Temporal relationship
Coherence