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The IEEE hybrid model consists of the IEEE 39 bus transmission system whose 12 of the 19 loads are
modeled using the IEEE 123 bus distribution feeders. At each of these 12 transmission load buses, the
lumped load is replaced by a distribution circuit that contains 8 IEEE 123 bus distribution feeders
connected in a sectionalized bus configuration as shown in Fig. 1. Thus the hybrid model has 96 IEEE 123
bus feeders and 1 IEEE 39 bus transmission system. Table 1 summarizes the number of components
modeled in the hybrid model.
Fig. 1: Distribution Substation Configuration in the Hybrid Model
Quantity
96
5,280
288
5,280
480
134
Component
Breakers/Switches
1-Phase Loads
2-Phase Loads
3-Phase Loads
Voltage Regulators
Shunt Capacitors
Quantity
1,154
7,584
96
500
384
384
Fig. 2 shows the IEEE 39 bus transmission system. Fig. 3 shows the entire schematic of the hybrid model
using both the hybrid model building approaches (in approach 1 the T&D systems are physically connected
together; in approach 2 the T&D systems interact by sharing data between transmission load buses and
distribution sources and there is no physical connection between the T&D systems). Fig. 4 zooms on to
transmission load bus 12 and shows the transmission load bus and the corresponding distribution source
with which the two models interact in the second approach.
IEEE 39 bus
transmission system
IEEE 39 bus
transmission system
Distribution Source ID
Distribution Source
b. Distribution Circuit and its Source that Assumes the Lumped Load of Transmission Bus 12
IEEE 39 Bus System Lumped Load Scaling: It was observed that voltages at various buses (e.g., 112, 113
and 114) in the IEEE 123 bus distribution feeder become less than 0.9 p.u. even with the regulators
controlling the voltage when the loads are increased by 3-3.5 times their original values. Therefore, each
IEEE distribution feeder can be made to supply a maximum load of about 13 MW as the original power
flowing through the substation of the feeder is 3.6 MW1. This implies that the maximum load that each 8
feeder distribution circuit described above can carry is about 105 MW. Since in the hybrid model we
intended to restrict the number of distribution circuits to one per transmission load bus, we decided to
scale down the nominal load (load at the rated bus voltage) of the IEEE 39 bus system by 90%. However,
since the IEEE 39 bus system loads were assigned the constant impedance load model, the actual loading
of the transmission buses changed by more or less than 90% depending on their bus voltages. The actual
original and scaled loads are shown in Table 2.
Distributing Scaled Transmission Loads on the 8 Feeder Distribution circuit: The IEEE 123 bus distribution
feeder includes ZIP loads which makes the actual power flowing through the distribution substation
different from the summation of nominal load values. Therefore, the factors by which the nominal loads
of the distribution circuit needed to be scaled to accommodate the scaled transmission lumped loads
could not be directly calculated and a few iterations were conducted to find the factors that will make the
total distribution load close to the scaled transmission lumped load. Moreover, the transmission lumped
load was balanced but the IEEE 123 bus distribution feeder loading was unbalanced. Therefore, while
identifying the scaling factors the loading of individual phases was ignored and only the total loading of
the three phases was considered. Table 2 shows the total loading of the 12 distribution circuits which
replaced the scaled transmission lumped loads while Table 3 shows the individual phase loading.
Table 2: Original and Scaled IEEE 39 Bus Transmission System Lumped Loads and Loading of 12
Distribution Circuits that replaced the Transmission Lumped Loads
Original 39 Bus System
Bus #
kW
343,182
507,198
235,138
523,634
8,605
329,026
347,975
167,687
701,787
290,794
269,943
330,272
247,362
152,786
300,801
226,613
312,044
9,200
1,169,984
6,474,031
03
04
07*
08
12
15
16
18
20
21
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
31
39
Total
kVar
kW
37,814
58,214
26,956
60,113
984
37,522
38,602
18,679
74,128
32,109
28,773
36,243
26,137
16,782
33,731
24,445
33,004
920
117,014
702,170
1,830
185,384
83,968
175,408
87,628
156,277
33,277
31,398
104,908
121,270
91,713
-99,617
51,791
18,313
79,955
29,818
28,974
4,600
265,015
1,451,910
kVar
247
21,347
9,654
20,200
10,113
17,885
3,749
3,526
11,208
13,444
9,821
-10,872
5,501
2,035
9,018
3,252
3,112
460
26,643
160343
Bus numbers in red correspond to the transmission load buses where the lumped loads were replaced by the 8 feeder
distribution circuit
Table 3: Three Phase Loads as seen at the Transmission Buses in the Hybrid Model
kW
Bus #
03
Phase A
Phase B
kVAR
Phase C
Total
Phase A
12,620
37,850
19,442
19,408
58,218
7,108
8,481
10,644
27,942
4,321
20,007
20,074
20,041
60,122
-286
451
803
12,589
04
19,368
07
8,817
08
12
12,641
Phase B
Phase C
Total
83
251
7,134
7,120
21,362
2,029
2,854
9,204
6,728
6,750
6,738
20,216
968
3,556
2,738
3,781
10,075
7,779
4,418
5,806
18,003
2,979
84
84
15
12,184
11,928
15,006
39,118
16
13,370
12,319
15,321
41,010
2,741
-103
341
18
8,817
8,481
10,644
27,942
4,321
2,029
2,854
9,204
3,726
3,731
3,728
11,185
5,913
3,102
4,177
13,192
20
24,691
24,722
24,707
74,120
21
10,553
10,231
12,854
33,638
23
9,526
9,128
11,449
30,103
4,487
2,054
2,895
9,436
24
12,052
12,117
12,091
36,260
-3,616
-3,636
-3,630
-10,882
25
8,752
8,238
10,295
27,285
2,848
777
1,340
4,965
1,275
-117
263
1,421
26
5,801
5,476
6,852
18,129
27
11,468
10,876
13,597
35,941
4,487
1,721
2,515
8,723
28
8,321
7,771
9,696
25,788
2,017
127
550
2,694
12,932
34,587
2,332
-84
322
2,570
153
153
153
459
8,852
8,852
8,851
26,555
29
11,264
10,391
31
306
306
306
918
39
38,970
38,976
38,964
116,910
Dynamic Parameters for the IEEE 39 Bus Transmission System Power Plants
Table 4: Synchronous Generator Parameters (GENROU Model)2
Parameters
Gen 30
Gen 31
Gen 32
Gen 33
Gen 34
Gen 35
Gen 36
Gen 37
Gen 38
Gen 39
Rating (MW)
400
700
700
700
600
700
600
600
800
1500
T'd0
5.7
7.8
5.69
5.4
7.3
5.66
6.7
4.79
4.79
10.2
T''d0
0.38
0.021
0.3793
0.36
0.4867
0.3773
0.4467
0.3193
0.68
0.08
T'q0
1.5
0.404
1.5
0.44
0.4
1.5
0.41
1.96
1.96
0.2
T''q0
0.25
0.06
0.25
0.0733
0.0667
0.25
0.0683
0.3267
0.33
0.03
35.8
24
28.6
26
34.8
26.4
24.3
34.5
34.5
42
Xd
0.2495
2.1
0.262
0.67
0.254
0.295
0.29
0.2106
0.2106
0.1
Xq
0.237
1.8
0.258
0.62
0.241
0.292
0.28
0.205
0.205
0.069
X'd
0.0531
0.25
0.0436
0.132
0.05
0.049
0.057
0.057
0.057
0.031
X'q
0.0876
0.27
0.166
0.166
0.0814
0.186
0.0911
0.0587
0.0587
0.021
X''d
0.004248
0.01
0.003488
0.01056
0.004
0.00392
0.00456
0.00456
0.00248
0.0011
X''q
0.004248
0.01
0.003488
0.01056
0.004
0.00392
0.00456
0.00456
0.00248
0.0011
Xl
0.00304
0.0171
0.00295
0.0054
0.00224
0.00322
0.0028
0.00298
0.00125
0.0008
S(1.0)
0.081
0.165
0.081
0.081
0.081
0.081
0.081
0.081
0.081
0.34
S(1.2)
0.271
0.414
0.271
0.271
0.271
0.271
0.271
0.271
0.271
1.12
Ra
rcomp
xcomp
Value
0.01
0.1
-0.1
1.5
7.0
140
0.008
6.18
0.7
Parameter
kc
kf
tf
tc1
tb1
klr
vamax
vamin
Ilr
Value
0.065
0
0
0
0
0
99
-99
99
Many of these parameters were obtained from the following reference. Since the reference assumes the two-axis
model for generators, additional parameters had to be added to obtain the GENROU model parameters:
IEEE 10 Generator 39 Bus System, [Online]. Available: http://sys.elec.kitami-it.ac.jp/ueda/demo/WebPF/39New-England.pdf