MajorConnectors

MajorConnectors

FunctionsofaMajorConnector
FunctionsofaMajorConnector
Unification
Unification
Partialdentureactsasoneunit
Partialdentureactsasoneunit
Connectsvariousparts
Connectsvariousparts

FunctionsofaMajorConnector
FunctionsofaMajorConnector
StressDistribution
StressDistribution
Distributesfunctionalloadstoboth
Distributesfunctionalloadstoboth
teeth&mucosa
teeth&mucosa

FunctionsofaMajorConnector
FunctionsofaMajorConnector
CrossArchStabilization
CrossArchStabilization
(Counterleverage)
(Counterleverage)
Bracingelementsononesideofthe
Bracingelementsononesideofthe
archprovidingstabilitytotheother
archprovidingstabilitytotheother

RequirementsofaMajorConnector
RequirementsofaMajorConnector
Rigidity
Rigidity
Functionsasoneunit
Functionsasoneunit

ToIncreaseRigidity
ToIncreaseRigidity
Useamorerigidalloy
Useamorerigidalloy

Chromecobalt>goldalloys;cast>wrought
Chromecobalt>goldalloys;cast>wrought

Shape
Shape

1/2round>1/2pearshaped>flatbars
1/2round>1/2pearshaped>flatbars

ToIncreaseRigidity
ToIncreaseRigidity
Increasethebulkasthelengthincreases
Increasethebulkasthelengthincreases
Corrugatelinguoplateorrugaeareas
Corrugatelinguoplateorrugaeareas

Requirements
Requirements
NonInterferencewithTissues
NonInterferencewithTissues
Shouldnotenterundercutareas
Shouldnotenterundercutareas
avoidbychangingpathofinsertion
avoidbychangingpathofinsertion
orbyusingblockout
orbyusingblockout

NonInterferenceWithTissues
NonInterferenceWithTissues
Avoidterminatingon:
Avoidterminatingon:
Freegingivalmargin
Freegingivalmargin
oo
Crossabruptlyat90
Crossabruptlyat90
Reliefisusedtominimize
Reliefisusedtominimize
impingement
impingement

(Fig 2-17, Stewart's)

NonInterferenceWithTissues
NonInterferenceWithTissues
Avoidterminatingon:
Avoidterminatingon:
Hardstructuressuchasthemid
Hardstructuressuchasthemid
palatalsutureormandibulartori
palatalsutureormandibulartori
Placerelief
Placerelief

NonInterferenceWithTissues
NonInterferenceWithTissues
Avoidterminatingon:
Avoidterminatingon:

Lingualfrenum&themovablesoftpalate
Lingualfrenum&themovablesoftpalate
Softtissuemovementsmustalsobeallowed
Softtissuemovementsmustalsobeallowed
Carefulintraoralexam
Carefulintraoralexam

MinimizeFoodImpaction
MinimizeFoodImpaction
LocatemarginsawayfromtheFGM
LocatemarginsawayfromtheFGM
Eliminate"traps"orlargeconcavities
Eliminate"traps"orlargeconcavities
wherefoodcancollect
wherefoodcancollect

Unobtrusive
Unobtrusive
Smoothtransitionfromconnectorto
Smoothtransitionfromconnectorto
denturebasebuttjoint
denturebasebuttjoint

Unobtrusive
Unobtrusive
Lineanglesandedgesshouldbesmooth
Lineanglesandedgesshouldbesmooth
androunded
androunded
Bordersshouldnotinterferewithspeech
Bordersshouldnotinterferewithspeech

(Fig 2-21, Stewart's)

MandibularMajorConnectors
MandibularMajorConnectors
LingualBar
LingualBar
LingualPlate
LingualPlate
ContinuousBar
ContinuousBar

MandibularMajorConnectors
MandibularMajorConnectors
LingualBar
LingualBar
Mostcommoninmandibe
Mostcommoninmandibe
Usewheneverpossible
Usewheneverpossible

MandibularMajorConnectors
MandibularMajorConnectors
LingualBar
LingualBar
Shape
Shape
Flatontissueside
Flatontissueside
Convexorteardropon
Convexorteardropon
tongueside
tongueside
(1/2pearshape,with
(1/2pearshape,with
thinedgetowardteeth)
thinedgetowardteeth)
(Fig 2-35, Stewart's)

MandibularMajorConnectors
MandibularMajorConnectors
LingualBar
LingualBar
Size
Size
Occlusogingivalwidth=4to6mm
Occlusogingivalwidth=4to6mm
Thickness=l.5to2mm
Thickness=l.5to2mm

InferiorBorderMandible
InferiorBorderMandible
Patientliftstongue
Patientliftstongue
Activatesfloorofmouth
Activatesfloorofmouth
Measurefromtipofprobetofree
Measurefromtipofprobetofree
gingivalmargin
gingivalmargin

InferiorBorderMandible
InferiorBorderMandible
Recordvaluesinchart,transfertocast
Recordvaluesinchart,transfertocast

LingualBar
LingualBar

Position
Position
Superiorborder
Superiorborder
l.52.0mmormorebelowFGM
l.52.0mmormorebelowFGM
Asfarfromgingivalmarginas
Asfarfromgingivalmarginas
possible
possible

(Fig 2-15, Stewart's)

PotentialImpingement
PotentialImpingement
Anteriormajorconnectormovestowardtissue
Anteriormajorconnectormovestowardtissue
astheposteriorportionisloaded
astheposteriorportionisloaded
Spaceneededmorewhenridgeislessvertical
Spaceneededmorewhenridgeislessvertical

(Fig 2-33, Stewart's)

MandibularMajorConnectorRelief
MandibularMajorConnectorRelief
Eliminatesimpingement
Eliminatesimpingement
Waxspacer(relief)placedundermajor
Waxspacer(relief)placedundermajor
connector
connector
onethicknessof30gaugewax
onethicknessof30gaugewax

LingualPlate(Linguoplate)
LingualPlate(Linguoplate)
Lingualbarwithextensionovercingulaof
Lingualbarwithextensionovercingulaof
anteriorteeth
anteriorteeth
Usewherealingualbarcannotbeused
Usewherealingualbarcannotbeused

LingualPlateIndications
LingualPlateIndications
PotentialImpingementfromlingualbar
PotentialImpingementfromlingualbar
Highfloorofthemouth
Highfloorofthemouth
Prominentlingualfrenum
Prominentlingualfrenum
Lingualtori
Lingualtori

LingualPlate
LingualPlate
Restateachendoflingualplate
Restateachendoflingualplate
Preventsforcesbeingdirectedfacially
Preventsforcesbeingdirectedfacially
Easierdenturetoothadditionthanbar
Easierdenturetoothadditionthanbar

LingualPlateVariations
LingualPlateVariations
Mayshowthroughembrasures
Mayshowthroughembrasures

(Fig 2-41 & 43, Stewart's)

ContinuousBarRetainer
ContinuousBarRetainer
(KennedyBar,DoubleLingualBar)
(KennedyBar,DoubleLingualBar)

Lingualbarwithsecondarybarabove
Lingualbarwithsecondarybarabove
cingula
cingula
Secondarybaractsasindirectretainer
Secondarybaractsasindirectretainer

ContinuousBarRetainer
ContinuousBarRetainer
Potentialfoodtrapbetweentwobars
Potentialfoodtrapbetweentwobars
Normallyavoid
Normallyavoid

MaxillaryMajorConnectors
MaxillaryMajorConnectors
AnteriorPosteriorPalatalStrap
AnteriorPosteriorPalatalStrap
FullPalatalStrap
FullPalatalStrap
PalatalStrap
PalatalStrap
AnteriorPalatalStrap
AnteriorPalatalStrap

MaxillaryMajorConnectors
MaxillaryMajorConnectors
Terminate4.0mmormorefromfree
Terminate4.0mmormorefromfree
gingivalmarginwhenpossible
gingivalmarginwhenpossible

AnteriorPosteriorPalatalStrap
AnteriorPosteriorPalatalStrap
Maximumrigidity
Maximumrigidity
Minimumbulk
Minimumbulk
Useinmostcases
Useinmostcases
Especiallytoruspalatinus
Especiallytoruspalatinus

AnteriorPosteriorPalatalBar
AnteriorPosteriorPalatalBar
Anarrow(AP)variationofanterior
Anarrow(AP)variationofanterior
posteriorpalatalstrap
posteriorpalatalstrap
Doublepalatalbarconnector
Doublepalatalbarconnector
Requiresgreaterbulkforrigidity
Requiresgreaterbulkforrigidity

AnteriorPosteriorPalatalBar
AnteriorPosteriorPalatalBar
Moreobjectionabletothepatient
Moreobjectionabletothepatient
Strapconnectorsprovidegreater
Strapconnectorsprovidegreater
distributionofstresses
distributionofstresses

FullPalatalPlate
FullPalatalPlate
Maximumtissuesupport
Maximumtissuesupport
Connectorofchoiceinlongdistal
Connectorofchoiceinlongdistal
extensioncases
extensioncases
Sixorlessanteriorteethremain
Sixorlessanteriorteethremain

FullPalatalPlate
FullPalatalPlate
Abutmentsareperiodontallyinvolved
Abutmentsareperiodontallyinvolved
Maximumstressdistribution
Maximumstressdistribution
Flabbytissue
Flabbytissue
Shallowpalatalvault
Shallowpalatalvault

FullPalatalPlate
FullPalatalPlate
Greaterstabilityandstressdistribution
Greaterstabilityandstressdistribution
Notusedwithtorus
Notusedwithtorus
Increasesretention
Increasesretention

FullPalatalPlate
FullPalatalPlate
Connectorshould:
Connectorshould:
Befabricatedofuniformlythinmetal
Befabricatedofuniformlythinmetal
Haveaccurateanatomicreproduction
Haveaccurateanatomicreproduction
oftheruggae
oftheruggae
improvesstrengthandrigidity
improvesstrengthandrigidity

FullPalatalPlate
FullPalatalPlate
Connectorshould:
Connectorshould:

Coversameareaascompletedenture
Coversameareaascompletedenture
posteriorly
posteriorly
Havelargesurfaceareaofmucosalcontact
Havelargesurfaceareaofmucosalcontact
improvespotentialforretention
improvespotentialforretention

FullPalatalPlate
FullPalatalPlate
Generallyofcastmetal
Generallyofcastmetal
Acrylicresinusedininterimprostheses
Acrylicresinusedininterimprostheses

PalatalStrap
PalatalStrap
UsuallyuseforClassIII&IVcases
UsuallyuseforClassIII&IVcases
Wideanterioposteriorly
Wideanterioposteriorly

PalatalBar
PalatalBar

Dontuse
Dontuse
Narrowanterioposteriorly
Narrowanterioposteriorly
Thickocclusogingivally
Thickocclusogingivally
Palatalbarobjectionableduetobulk
Palatalbarobjectionableduetobulk

(Fig 2-24, Stewart's)

PalatalStrap(orBar)
PalatalStrap(orBar)
Neveruseincasesinvolvingdistalextensionsor
Neveruseincasesinvolvingdistalextensionsor
replacementofanteriorteethsinceitmustbe
replacementofanteriorteethsinceitmustbe
madebulkyforrigidity
madebulkyforrigidity
Reliefmayberequiredoverbonymidline
Reliefmayberequiredoverbonymidline
Notusedwithtorus
Notusedwithtorus

AnteriorPalatalPlate
AnteriorPalatalPlate

(UShapedor"HorseShoe"PalatalConnector)
(UShapedor"HorseShoe"PalatalConnector)
Poorconnector
Poorconnector
Neveruseunless
Neveruseunless
absolutelynecessary
absolutelynecessary
Requiresbulkinthe
Requiresbulkinthe
rugaearea(where
rugaearea(where
thetonguerequires
thetonguerequires
freedom)forrigidity
freedom)forrigidity

AnteriorPalatalPlate
AnteriorPalatalPlate
Tooflexible
Tooflexible
Allowsmovementattheposterior
Allowsmovementattheposterior
Traumatictotheresidualridge
Traumatictotheresidualridge
Useonlywheretorusprohibitsother
Useonlywheretorusprohibitsother
connectors
connectors

Flexes,impingingonsofttissue

UnilateralRPD
UnilateralRPD
Dangerous
Dangerous
Avoid
Avoid
aspiration
aspiration