LTE Planning

Prepared By: RF Team

AbdelRahman Fady & Mohamed Mohsen

LTE Planning Procedures

Planning process is a very vital process

we should do it carefully to get good
network performance
LTE Planning Process consists of three
main steps as below
Preplanning
Information Gathering
Dimensioning
Detailed planning
Prediction & Simulation
TSS
Code Planning
Neighbors Planning
Parameters planning
Acceptance
SSV
KPIs

Information gathering

Dimensioning Procedures should follow information gathering job about the nature of the
subscriber and the area
We can divide the gathered information into the following
Design Information
Required BLER
Minimum RSRP
Limited MCS
. etc.
Inventory information
Number of GSM/UMTS sites
Type of antennas
MIMO existence
TMA existence
. etc.
RF features
Scheduler type
etc.
Subscriber information
Mixed services Traffic Model
Users behaviors
.etc.
Coverage information
Clutter type
.etc.

LTE Dimensioning Concept

Dimensioning Procedures should follow
information gathering job about the nature of
the subscriber and the area

Dimensioning could be divided into two main

steps as following
Capacity dimensioning
Coverage dimensioning

Both capacity and coverage dimensioning

process should be balanced

Coverage
Dimensioning
Gathered
Info.

Capacity
Dimensioning

Cell radius (R)

Inter site distance (I)
Number of sites (N)
Main design info

LTE Dimensioning Concept

Dimensioning Procedures should follow
information gathering job about the nature of
the subscriber and the area
Both capacity and coverage dimensioning
process should be balanced

N = Total Area / Site Area (A)

A = 1.94 * R^2 directional antenna or
A = 2.5 * R^2 omni antenna
D = 1.5 * R

Dimensioning could be divided into two main

steps as following
Capacity dimensioning
Coverage dimensioning

LTE Dimensioning Concept

Coverage
Dimensioning

Get ( R )

Modify

Capacity
Dimensioning

Get ( N & D )

Coverage dimensioning

Coverage Dimensioning Steps

Uplink Link budget

Coverage
Dimensioning

Downlink Link
Budget

Get ( R ) , Get ( D ) and

Get ( N)

Get (MAPL)
Limited one

Subs. In Propagation
Model equation

Coverage dimensioning

Coverage Dimensioning Steps

Uplink Coverage : considering the uplink is the limitation we will start with it.

Bit rate requirement

SINR requirement

a0, a1, a2 and a3 are fitted parameters and the SINR is expressed in dB.

The semi-empirical parameter a0 represents the maximum obtainable bit rate

in one resource block.

Coverage dimensioning

Coverage Dimensioning Steps

Uplink Coverage
SINR requirement

DL Fitted parameters

UL Fitted parameters

Coverage dimensioning

Coverage Dimensioning Steps

Uplink Coverage
Bit rate requirement

SINR requirement

eNodeB Receiver sensitivity

Coverage dimensioning

Coverage Dimensioning Steps

Uplink Coverage
Bit rate requirement

SINR requirement

eNodeB Receiver sensitivity

Noise rise calculation

Coverage dimensioning

Coverage Dimensioning Steps

Uplink Coverage
Bit rate requirement

SINR requirement

eNodeB Receiver sensitivity

Noise rise calculation

UE power per RB

Coverage dimensioning

Coverage Dimensioning Steps

Uplink Link Budget
MAPL_Uplink = Pue,rb eNB_senstivity penetration loss body loss FFM Noise_rise LNF_margine AS_losses + Ant_gain + another Gains

Log Normal fading

Coverage dimensioning

Coverage Dimensioning Steps

Uplink Link Budget

MAPL_Uplink = Pue,rb eNB_senstivity penetration loss body loss FFM Noise_rise LNF_margine AS_losses + Ant_gain + another Gains

Building penetration Losses

Coverage dimensioning

Coverage Dimensioning Steps

Uplink Link Budget

MAPL_Uplink = Pue,rb eNB_senstivity penetration loss body loss FFM Noise_rise LNF_margine AS_losses + Ant_gain + another Gains

Car_losses is typically 7 to 8 dB
Fast Fading margine is typically from 0 to 2 dB
Body Loss is typically 0 to 5 dB
AS_losses = Feeder_Loss + Jumber_Loss + connector_losses
Ant_Gain is typically 18 dB
Another system gain like MIMO gain or TMA gain

Coverage dimensioning

Coverage Dimensioning Steps

Downlink Link Budget

MAPL_Downlink = P_RB LTE-Ue_senstivity penetration_loss Car_Losses IM - body loss

FFM LNF_margine AS_losses + Ant_gain + another system Gains

P_RB = HPA_Power / Nrb

Nrb is the number of RB per carrier as explained before
LTE-Ue_senstivity = Nt + Nf + 10 log (Nrb * 180KHZ) + SINR

Nrb is number of RBs assigned for single subscriber @

cell edge. It should depend on the required throughput at
cell edge.

Coverage dimensioning

Coverage Dimensioning Steps

Downlink Link Budget

MAPL_Downlink = P_RB LTE-Ue_senstivity penetration_loss Car_Losses IM - body loss

FFM LNF_margine AS_losses + Ant_gain + another system Gains

How to get SINR_DL.?

Coverage dimensioning

Coverage Dimensioning Steps

Downlink Link Budget

MAPL_Downlink = P_RB LTE-Ue_senstivity penetration_loss Car_Losses IM - body loss

FFM LNF_margine AS_losses + Ant_gain + another system Gains

How to get SINR_DL.?

Coverage dimensioning

Coverage Dimensioning Steps

Downlink Link Budget

MAPL_Downlink = P_RB LTE-Ue_senstivity penetration_loss Car_Losses IM - body loss

FFM LNF_margine AS_losses + Ant_gain + another system Gains

Interference Margin
Due to using RP = 1 in LTE
@ cell edge we have to
expect level of interference
this level of interference
should be varies with cell
load hence we have to
consider this level of
interference during our
calculations of MAPL

Coverage dimensioning

Coverage Dimensioning Steps

Downlink Link Budget

MAPL_Downlink = P_RB LTE-Ue_senstivity penetration_loss Car_Losses IM - body loss

FFM LNF_margine AS_losses + Ant_gain + another system Gains

Log Normal fading

Coverage dimensioning

Coverage Dimensioning Steps

Downlink Link Budget

MAPL_Downlink = P_RB LTE-Ue_senstivity penetration_loss Car_Losses IM - body loss

FFM LNF_margine AS_losses + Ant_gain + another system Gains

Building penetration Losses

Coverage dimensioning

Coverage Dimensioning Steps

Downlink Link Budget

MAPL_Downlink = P_RB LTE-Ue_senstivity penetration_loss Car_Losses IM - body loss

FFM LNF_margine AS_losses + Ant_gain + another system Gains

Car_losses is typically 7 to 8 dB
Fast Fading margine is typically from 0 to 2 dB
Body Loss is typically 0 to 5 dB
AS_losses = Feeder_Loss + Jumber_Loss + connector_losses
+ TMA insertion Loss
Ant_Gain is typically 18 dB
Another system gain like MIMO gain or Scheduler gain

Coverage dimensioning

Get limited MAPL then substitute in propagation model equation to get R

Radius calculation ( R )

Capacity Dimensioning

Target of capacity dimensioning is to get the number of cells / sites we do need to accommodate
the offered traffic.

Capacity
Dimensioning

Get ( N )

N = Total Number of users / Number of users per site (Nuser)

Nuser = No# cells / site * Number of users per cell (Ncell)
Ncell = Traffic per cell / traffic per user

Capacity Dimensioning

Target of capacity dimensioning is to get the number of cells / sites we do need to accommodate
the offered traffic.

Uplink Number of
sites
Capacity
Dimensioning

Downlink Number
of Sites

Balance to Get final

( R, D & N)

Get (N)
Limited one

Back with New (N)

to Coverage

Capacity Dimensioning

Cell Capacity Calculation

Cell Capacity calculation
TCell = Tmax * Q
Where
Tmax is the maximum cell throughput
Q is the maximum cell loading factor

Tmax = (((Number of bits / symbol) * 144)/ 1 msec ) * Nrb * MIMO_order * (1CCH_ratio)

Where
Number of bits / symbol = Modulation order * Code rate
Nrb is the total number of resource block per carrier
CCH_ratio is the ratio of control channels
MIMO_order is the degree of MIMO

Capacity Dimensioning

Cell Capacity Calculation

User capacity calculation

SessionTraffic (kbits) bearRate Session Time Session Duty Ratio

1
1 BLER

Bearer Rate: Required Rate for the service

Session Time: PPP Session Time
Session Duty Ration: what is the percentage of active
transmission per session
BLER: Block Error Rate
BusyHourThroughput / user (kbps) [( BHSA * SessionTraffic )i Penetratio nRate i ]

BHSA: Busy Hour Session Attempts

Penetration Rate: percentage of service user

Capacity Dimensioning
Traffic Modeling

Mean Bit Rate (Kbps)

PPP Session
Time (s)

PPP Session
Duty Ratio

Throughput Per
Session (Kbit)

BLER

UL

DL

UL

DL

UL

DL

UL

DL

UL

DL

VoIP

32

32

210

210

0.4

0.4

1%

1%

2715.15

2715.15

Video Phone

64

64

54

54

1%

1%

3490.91

3490.91

Video
conference

128

192

1800

1800

1%

1%

232727

349091

Interactive
Gaming

50

64

1800

1800

0.2

0.4

1%

1%

18181.8

46545.5

Streaming
Media

10

300

3600

3600

0.05

0.95

1%

1%

1818.18

1036364

Instant
Messaging

20

20

0.2

0.2

1%

1%

28.2828

28.2828

Web Browsing

256

1800

1800

0.05

0.05

1%

1%

727.273

23272.7

Email

256

256

300

300

1%

1%

77575.8

77575.8

Thank You