John J. Wilkes A ROMAN COLONY AND ITS PEOPLESalona: a Roman colony and its people (c. 50 BC ~ . AD 150) Once a principal settlement of the Myrian Delmatae, Salona enters the historical record as a Roman settlement during the civil war between Caesar and Pompey. Victory at Curicta (Krk) in 49 BC gained the Pompeian fleet contol of the Adriatic. Based inthe ancient Greek setloment Issa (Vis) the Pompelans under M. Octavius began to aftack Roman settlements established on the Irian mainland, whose support Caesar had evidently gained during is years as proconsu! in Cisaipine Gaul and lyricum (68-50 BC). The attack on Salona in the following year is desorbed by Caesar ‘After the departure of the Liburnian ships trom Iyricum, Marcus Octavius and his ships went to Salona There he stired up the Delmatae and other native peoples and persuaded Issa to cease its support for Caesar. At Salona he found the settlement (conventus) of Romans unmoved either by promises or by threats of danger and 0 began a siege. The town was protected by its location and by its il, but the Romans rapidly constructed wood towers for additional protection. Because thelr small numbers made effective resistance impossible, when they had sustained many casualties they resorted to extreme measures: adult male slaves were freed and women's hair was cut for use as sinews in cataputs. in the face of this resolute defence Octavius established five camps ina ring around the town and adopted a strategy of blockade along with assauts. The defencers coud withstand anything but were especially afficted by a shortage of com, They sent an embassy to seek help from Caesar in this regard: the other problems they bore as best they could. After the passage of time the continuing blockade rmade Octavius’ troops careless, and one midday the defenders made their move, the time when the Pompelans withdrew from the walls. Boys and women were stationed along the walls to convince the enemy that there was no departure from the daily routine. With the men released they formed an assautt force and broke into the nearest of Octavius’ camps, They stormed this and then moved straight on to attack second, then a third and fourth and then the last. They drove all the Pompeians out of ‘the camps, kiled many of them and forced the rest including Octavius, to depart in their ships. With winter ROMAN COLONY - = 89 approaching and after sustzning such heavy losses Octavius abandoned the siege and went to jon Pompey at Dyachium (Caesar, Civil War II.9). ‘After Caesar's victory at Pharsalus in Thessaly (6 une 48 BC) Octavius returned to the Adriatic but the ‘main threat to Salona came now from the Deimatae. Late in the same year A. Gabinius attacked moved against the Deimatae with an army of fiteen cohorts and three thousand cavalry. He was ambushed on his march along the Cikala valley, losing five cohorts with their standards, but battled on to reach Salona. Here supplies were short while further operations against the Delmatae brought more casuaties until Gabinius died at the end of winter after a long iiness. His leader Caesar talied his losses as four tribunes tirty-sght centurions and more than ‘wo thousand infantry. In the following summer the Pompeians were defeated in the Adriatic by the sudden intervention of P Vatinius, another of Caesar's commanders, based at Brundisium. The events of 48-47 BC reveal Salona as an established but not numerous Roman settement, well protected and with a safe harbour but surrounded by native peoples easily roused to hostity against the setters Salona naw disappears from the historical record At this time the principal Roman settiement in the region ‘was Narona near the mouth of the river Neretva, @ centre of commerce from pre-Roman times and where Roman traders and settles were already established in the 1® centufy BC, Narona was. also the principal base for military operations against the Delmatae. Salona may even have been seized by the Delmatae, it there is any truth in a tradition that links Asinius Polo with a capture of Salona in 38 or 38 BC in the course of operations against the Delmatae, Nearly naif a century later Salona ‘was again threatened, in AD 6 by the Pannonians who moved south from Bosnia to threaten Salona and other setlements on the coast. Its focal role in the province of Daimatia was signified by construction of several military roads in different directions across the province starting from Salona during the govemorship of Comeius Dolabela (c. AD 12-20). This identified Salona as the strategic centre of @ huge province, created by a division of Iyricum along the south of the Sava valk, and the normal residence of the imperial governor, a role it was to relain for several centuries90, The Salona colony (colonia Salontana, as itis generally called on inscritions) seems likely to have established by Caesar or his heirs in the aftermath of civil war, ad Its fle in that period appears to be recalled by ts formal tle colonia Maria tuia. What happened can only be conjectured. Presumably the members of the cexsting settement were incorporated on favourable terms, while new setters were introduced and allocated fand in the terrtory seized from the native Delmatae who can be presumed to have been the main losers in this process. Colonies were also created at Navona (colonia Narontana) and Epidaurum, another Caesarian base in the civil war, both wit the tte lula, Though expt evidence is lacking, a Caesarian origin of the Roman colonies in Dalmatia appears more likely than the resettement of veterans by Augustus after Actium, In his Res Gestae Augustus did not include Mricum among the tertories in which he established settements of soldiers (coloniae miltum). The new colony at Salona was registered in the Roman voting-tibe Tromentina, another pointer to a Caesarian origin (a smaller number registered in Sergia may belong to a lator addition to the original setiement), and received the standard constitution of a Roman colonia. A council (ordo) of decurions, probably numbering one hundred, was responsible for the affairs of the city, from whom wore chosen the annual magistrates, @ colage of four (lv ire dicundo) assisted by an unspecified number ‘of aediles who were responsibie for public buildings and services. Every fourth year the magistrates (tled vir iure dicundo quinquennales) would conduct @ property census listing persons, property and other assets, that served as the base for raising the tribute payable to the Roman state by provincial communities. It appears that in the Favian period the tie ofthe city’s magistrates changed from tllvici to lv to. conform to the practice of most Roman colonies. Whether that indicates any significant change in the number of annual magistrates remains uncertain, tt could indicate that the number of those willing and able to take on the annual magistracy at Salona was less than earir, and that the direction of the city’s affairs was now confined to a smaller number of wealthy fais. ‘The site ofthe colony, and presumably that of the earlier settlement, lay near the mouth of a small river (ladro) at the east end of a large bay, known in antiquity as the Manios Bay, and in later times as the Bay of ‘Castles (KaStelanski zaiv) after the several mecival fortesses: along its shore, The Bay was screened from the open sea on the east by the mainiand peninsula Marjan and on the west by the island Bavo (Ciovo). On the mainland the colony's terry consisted of an ar offerte land extending from Tragurium (Trogir) in the west to Epetium (Stobret) in ‘he east, both settements that had once belonged to the Greek settement on the isiand of Issa (Vis). The coastal plain was closed off from the interior by the mountain ranges Kozjak and Mosor, batween which the principal road to the inteior led across @ pass dominated by the hil setlement Kis. Offshore the tertory of the colony included the principal islands of central Dalmatia, Solentia (Sota), Bratia (Brae), Phaa (Hvar) and, possibly, Issa (Vis). Pari, —— ROMAN COLONY, ————___—- 2 ‘the ancient Greek setlement Pharos (Starigrad), was a prefecture of the colony (praefectura Pharaca). Issa may have retained its independence and have been granted the constitution of a Roman municipium. The island had served as a base for a legate of the proconsul Caesar (58-50 BC) ‘and also shows signs of favour under the Jullo-Claudians. ‘The colonial city (urbs) was protected with stone walls and monumental gates, and appears rapidly to have acquired the public buildings and other amenities appropriate to a city of such importance, As with other colores around the Adriatic, the tertory of the Salona had been divided by surveyors into blocks ©. 700 m square (centuriae of 20 by 20 actus) separated by roads (mies) and tracks to facitte distribution to new setters and the registration of property The system was extended more than once, in the 1 century AD westwards to Tragurium, probably to accommodate new setles under Claudius, and a century later on the east ‘when the small setements of Delmatae in the Polca area were absorbed by Salona AA total of ¢, 240 inscriptions record the inhabitants of the colony forthe two centuries folowing its foundation. AA few of these record religious dedications and votives but the majority are family epitaphs. Some of these were Jmposing stela with rich architectural omament and rele sculpture framing the epitaph (e.g. those of Fuficius the veteran and of Utius the seafarer). Others were simple plaques, mass-produced in the local limestone on a soale that evidently made the ‘epigraphic habit’ available to all classes of the colony's population. The mejorty of thase persons recorded have the tradtional three-element Roman nomenclature of praenomen, nomen gentle (Gentlicium) and cognomen (sometimes lacking), along with filtion, oF patronage in the case of ex-slaves, and Roman voting-tibe. The epitaphs of veteran or serving soldiers often include thir city of origin, even when fong domiciled at Salona, The inscriptions record 213 Roman gentilcia (Including the five imperial names lulius, Claudius, Ftavius, Ulpius and Aelus) and 570 cognomina (nokuding duplicates and fragmentary records) of ¢. 700 persons. Six of the gentlcia appear to be of local non- italian origin, three from the Venetc-Liburnia region in the northern Adriatic (Curtiacus, Trosius and Volsivs) and three of iirian origin (Murcidius?, Stataria and Statorivs) but all the others appear to originate within the tan peninsula, Sixteen gentlicia are rare, including sh that are not otherwise recorded: Cuparia (wife of a veteran of ltalan origin), Eupunius, Lupulanus (the reading seems loubtiul), Pasius (possibly lyran), Tadusius (perhaps @ variant of the ttaan Tadus) and Vegnonius (a legionary veteran from Florent). Another six may be variant forms ‘of known names: Aequitina (Equtinus), Avinnius (Avenius, Avinius), Fescenia (Fescennius), Ignienus (a. legionary from Augusta Troas; perhaps linked with Ignius), Lereia (Lerius) and Osuinius (for ttaan Oguinius). Others remain of uncertain origin: Arcius), Baurea (possibly Myrian), Bittus (@ legionary; uncommon) and Leppia (possibly $ Italian),Fifteen gentlcia can reasonably be linked specific cites or areas of Maly. Names from Latium and Campania include Aeconius (pertaps Ostia), Aprofennius (Tibur if not Firmum Picenum), Atatienus (Aveia), Baebilius (Capua), Calenius (Cales), Obultronius (Casinum), Oro(hyivius (Praeneste?). Other ikely localised origins include: Arius (Eburum in Lucania), Caetennit (Volsini in Etruria), Dirutius (Histonium on the Adriatic coast), Petius (Tudor or Vosini), Sepplenus (Ariinum), Tremelus (eached Salona via Sipontum), Uttedvs (veteran trom Iguvium in Umbria) and Veiedius (known in Aquileia, Pisaurum, and Beneventur), Thirty-sic genticia can be linked, with greater or lesser degrees of probability, with areas of taly and also with some provincial areas where Italan setlement had taken place. Names linked with southern tly include, Cottus (Campania), Fadus, Novius, Papius, Sabinus, Safrivs (Campania); with central italy Bennius, Cafaus (Etrurial Umbria), Foinius (Etruria), Rustus, Saenius; with southern or central tly, Agrus, Aviius and Canulius; with cental or northern tay, Gallus, Saufeius (Praenesta/N tal) with northern tay, Albuclus, Aguillus, Canius, Ennius, Erbonius, Etuvius, luvJentus, Minicivs, Nigidus, Novelius, Status, Terentius, Turanius (or possibly Libumia), Vipsanius and Vitorius. Links, if not actual origins, are suggested by the following: Albius (southern Gaul, with cognomen Leuga), Asurius (veteran from Florentia), Caalus (westem provinces), Nonia (Spain), Taurtius (Gaul). Among the remaining names there are 32 less common gentlcia of talan origin and 83 common gentilicia Many of the recorded cognomina are common and of Latin origin, Six names are not otherwise recorded (listed here wih associated gentlicium): Ducati (Caesia), Craterila (lua), Stochas (lula), Lypius (Lupulanus; reading of both Is doubttu), Cladila (Papira), Intuma (Tuli) There are single examples of Liburnian, Geuna (ula), Thracian, Dina (Oppius), Ceo, Leuga (Abius, the word for ‘ieague’), and eight lyrian names, Epidus (Aelus), Panto (Wla?), Epicadus (luius), Pullus (Octavius), Dasivs (Petronius), Liccaius (Raecis), Dalmasius (Servius) and Messa (Antes) There are 143 examples of cognomina of easter, predominantly Greek, origin recorded at Salona (listed with associated gentlicia): Admets (lua), Admetus (luvs), Agre (Futicia), Alexander (Ulpius), Alypus (Claudius), Amemptus (Orchivius), Amycus (Egnativs), Andromachus (llus), Apotia (luvs), Argyrus (ius), Asiatcus (Upius), Astice (Fescenia), Ahangelus (Comelvs), Barceneus (tls), Basia. (Lolia), Beryius (Obuttonius), Caetonis (uli), Calirhoe (Stala), Cerdo (Facivs), Chia (Selia), Chrestus (Lucretius), Corinthia (buttonia), Creticus (S(ajenius), Cisis (Lada), Cronus (Turan), Damale (Duta), Daphne (Ulpia), Diogenes (Naevius), Dio(rysius?] (utranius), Diopantus (luius), Docimus (luis), Draco (Nasslus), Egloge (Fundania), Eleut(hjedo. (Servila), (H)elpis (ula), Epictesis (Publicia), Epictetus (Faclus), Epthyme (Coelus), Erastus (Etuvs, Liinius), Eros (Gellus, Pinarus), Euaristis (lulus), Euche (Claudia), Euhemerus (Volusius), Euphrosyne (Gatria), F(Phiucinus (Gefiius), Gorge (Publicia), Hais (Ferenta), Hediste (Evia), Helus (Herenius), Herma (ulus), ROMAN COLONY 91 Hermes (Maris), Hyginus (Octatius), laso (Publicius), Ide (Saufea), Isias (Papi), Leo (Vibius), Liy)so (Titus?) Lybius (Lupulanus), Mam(rn)aea (Saufeia), Musa (Lolia), Myrna (Egnatius), Narcissus (llus), Nisus (Claudius) Noema (lua), Panthera (lula), Pa(tjroclus (Pubicius), Philetus (Minucius), Prilologus (Fundanius), Philomena (Seopiena), Philomusus (Sossius), Phitonomus (Rubrivs), Philumina (Pomponia), Phoebe (Orchiva), Phoebus (Oirutus, Nassius), Pieris (Cadi, Neria), Prepusa (Mara), Prothesis (Petronia), Pyralis (Papiria, Volsia), Pyramus (Volsius), Rhodia (Lucia), Rhodine (lunia), Rhome (Papa), Scepsis (lula), Sceptus (luius), Sosibius (Curius), Soteris (Ata), Sotericus (Egnatius, Nassius), Stephanus (luis), Stochas (lila), Sura (Oppia), Surisca (Pula), Surus | (Fabius), Telelus (Slcius), Thalamus (Saufeius), Thafessia?} (Tossia), Thallusa (Octavia), Thasis (Papira), Theodorus (ulus, Ups), Theonoe (tia), Theis (Claudia), Tridates (uli), Threpte (Oirutia), T(h)reptus (Cornelius?), Trophimus (Publicus}, Tyche (Lucretia), ZosimeyZosimus (Accius, Fundanius, ‘tata The 33 women and 37 men with the. genticium lul/lius may be presumed to have derived their Roman status from Caesar, Augustus or from another member of the Julian family. Out of these six women and four men are identified as freed slaves but six and sixteen respectively have the flation that indicates freebom status. Only one luis (Seeptus) is on record as one of the six priests responsible for the imperial cult in Roman colonies (lilivit Augustales), a role reserved for the weatthiest of the freedman class, At Salona lulus Sceptus was once the slave of an imperial freedman. The luli at Salona seem more tkely to have derived from the imperial household in one form or another than from natives enfranchised through miitary service. One possible example of this was the son of an lyin Epicadus. lui do not figure among the families holding municipal office, except for the pontifex (Severus) associatad with dedication of the attr to luppiter Optimus Maximus in AD 137. In commerce there is only Clemens the negotiator. There are several luli who came to Salona through military serie, including the member (Maximus) of a unit of Parthians who served against the Pannonians in the later years of Augustus and another in a unit of Syrian archers, both rewarded with Roman citzenship. Another (Diophantus) had served in the fleet, not specified but probably that based at Ravenna. There is a veteran (no cognomen) ofthe legionary garrison who originated from Pessivus in Asia Minor and another who had served in a unit of the provincial auxllary garrison (Coh. Vill Vol). The epitaph of the centurion (Paternus) from Aquae Sextie can be dated to the period after AD 42 by the titles of his legion. Among the five Clauci recorded one (Fuche) was an imperial freedwoman, wile another has the native Liturian name Ceuna ‘The imperial household appears to have been the origin of some of the nine Flavi, one female and eight males. There is one (Hispani fis) possible auxiary, aso ‘wo legionary centurions (one recorded at Rome in AD 118) and three imperial freedmen (Magnus, Bassus and Suavis),92 —— cone of which was a prist ofthe imperial cult (Augustalis) The equestrian (Agricola) who held municipal office in Salona may be the descendant of successtul imperial freedmen, Among the nine Uipii one (Alexander) was an imperial freedman who had served probably in the local bureau of the tax on inhertances, while the equestrian (Gabinus) who held municipat otfice may also have been descended from successful imperial froedmen. Among the six Hadrianic Aeli, three man and three women, two of the later and one, possibly two, ofthe former are identified as Imperial freedmen, Some of the Roman gentlicia at Salona can be linked with the consular legates of Dalmatia who resided after AD 9.Thus there may be a fink between the Volus, ‘one of whom was a freedman rich enough to hold a priesthood of the imperial cutt(lilvic Augustalis), and L. Volusius Saturninus (consul AD 3), governor for around twenty years under Tiberius and Caligula (AD 21-c. 40) At the same time there seems te lilehood thet any of the recorded Comeli were linked with his predecessor P Comnelus Dolabella (consul AD 10), one of whom was an equestian officer decorated by Tiberius probably in the Pannonian war of AD 6-9. Volusus’ successor L. Aruntius Camilus Scribonianus rebelled in AD 41 against the new emperor Claudius and his presence at Salona is commemorated by the epitaph of a household slave (Felcio). The P Anteius, a freedman who was also patron of his own freed slaves and who held the priesthood of the imperial cult (llvir Augustalis), is likely to have been linked with the P.Anteius Rufus who governed Dalmatia in the last years of Claudius. His great wealth, it was sald, brought him enemies and led to his death under Nero in AD 66. His name was erased, then subsequently restored, (on public monuments. The three Calpumil, one an officer of equestrian rank, might have some connection with the Calpumnit Pisones who had extensive interests in. the northern Aditic, it not with the Claudian governor of Dalmatia from that family, son of the il-fated Cn. Piso, enemy of Germanicus. A more likly ink can be suggested for the records of P Coal and the senator P Coelus Balbinus Vibulius Pius (consul AD 137). He may have been @ govemor of Dalmatia in the years folowing his consulship oF he might have owned property and maintained a household in Salona. The Raecii of Liburnia who had gained. senatorial rank by the reign of Marcus Aurelius could have been connected with the Raeclus at Salona whose cognomen Liccaius indicates a native llyran origin. What lies hidden trom us are those formal and informal ties between the govemors and leading local families. tt ‘may indeed be the case that there were few such contacts, and there are not many signs of ambitious Salona local families rising within the imperial hierarchy on a. scale recorded for the great provincial cites of Gaul, Spain and Africa, Ten individuals with equestrian rank include the witness to a fet diploma of AD 71 (llius Rufus) and at Salona an eques Romanus (Flavius Agricola) end another with the equus publicus (Ulpius Sabinus), both of whom held municipal offices in the colony. The remaining eight ROMAN COLONY — — held one or more posts in the equestian milary career (equestres miitize), including the command of auxiliary Cohorts (Bennius, Calpurnius, Cassius, Ennius, Rustius and Servlius) or tribune in a legion (Cornelius), whose service is dated by military decorations awarded by Tiberius. Only one (Bennius) held a magistracy in the colony, Only two af the units recorded, Con. | Lucensium (Calpurnius) and Ml Alpinorum (Ennivs), were stationed at the time in Dalmatia, while both Coh. | Morinorum (Servius) and Coh. i Lusitanorum (Bennius) were stationed elsewhere. tt seems likely that all eight belonged to local Salona families. This modest register of midde-ranking officers does not suggest that Salona held many with ambitions for a career in the imperial service leading to high procuratorships and other equestian commands, in spite of the proximity of the legion stationed at Tiurium until Ciaudus, and the soveral auxiliary units stationed in the province for most of the 1 century AD. Veterans may nave been a significant element among the population of Salona, especially in the period up to c. AD 85, when the province had a legionary garrison supported by several units of mounted. and infantry auxiliaries. There are no records of ex-soldiers \who appears to have been among the first generation of the colony’s settles, confirming an impression already noted of @ predominantly civilian settlement rather than one designed to accommodate discharged veterans. Veteran colonies were created by Caesar and Augustus around the Mediteranean and later by Claudlus and his successors in the Danube lands. Alt the recorded serving and veteran soldiers, whose epitaphs generally record age and years of service (stipendia), appear to belong to the new professional army recruited after Actium. This achieved ‘the conquest of the Pannonians which led to the creation of the imperial command iyricum during the years 14- 9 BC. From around this time Legion Vil, formery in the army of Macedonia, was stationed at Tiurium (Gartun) sivteen miles inland from Salona where the major road to the interior crossed the river Hippius (Cetina). Tirium may have been earlier occupied by Legion 1X, later based in Pannonia. The legion remained at Tiurium until it was removed to Moesia under Claudius, after which the place became the permanent station of one of the three auxiary cohorts which formed the standing population of Dalmatia (Coh. Vil Voluntarorum c. A). The other legionary base lay further north at Burm on the river Titus (Krka). The road between Salona and Bumum (c. 50 miles) via the auxiliary stations at Andetrium, Magnum and Promona, ‘was among the new roads constructed under P. Comelius Dolabella when the section between Salona and Andetrium was known as Via Gabiniana after Caesar's general in 48-47 BC (see above). Leg XX may have moved from the Aquileia region to Burnum sometime before the war of AD 6-9, in which i performed with distinction. When it was removed to the Rhine to replace legions lost under Varus in AD 9 its place at Surmum was taken by Leg. XI, the previous whereabouts of which remain uncertain. In AD 42 both legions were rewarded for their loyalty to Claudius with the tiles Claudia pia fidels following the failure of thea - _ 7 rebelion by Arruntius Camillus Scribonianus (see above), which they bore for the rest of their existence. After the departure of Vil C. p. f. the garrison of Dalmatia was reduced to one legion at Burnum, XI C. p. f.unti AD 70, replaced for a short time in 69-70 by Vill Augusta, then from 70 unt c, 85 by the newly formed til Flavia felx Afar its departure the provincial garison was stablised at three auxiliary cohorts, Il Alpinorum at Andetrum, | Belgarum at Bigeste near Narona and Vill Voluntariorum at Tiurium, Out of 26 legionary veterans settled at Salona the majority had served in one of the provincial legions. The dozen or so epitaph that can be dated before AD 42 indicate that seven had origins elsewhere in the empire. ‘Among eight who had served at Tilurum origins include Pasimone (Aruntius), Pessinus (luius) and Isinda (Titus) in Asia Minor, one from Edessa (Valerius) in Macedonia, and two from Florenta in Etruria (Asurius and Vegnonius), ‘along with two whose origins are not recorded (Hortensius and Pinarus). Veterans trom (Augusta) Trozs in Asia Minor and from Heraciea (unis) in Macedonia are likely {the epitaphs are incomplete) to have served in Vil at Thurum, The only veteran of XX (Fflius) is commemorated by an imposing stele with portraits of himself, his wife, son, daugiter and three freedmen, but the eptaoh does not record an origin, Among the four veterans of XI, which include a missiius (u(vjentus) discharged early on grounds ‘of wounds or it heat, the only origin recorded fs Pelagonia, (Comelus) in Macedonia with those of others (Appuleius ‘and Valerius) nat recorded. The origins of al five veterans ‘of Vil Cp. at Salona are recorded, Sebaste (Sabinus) and ‘Augusta Troas (Cornelius) in Asia Minor, isaurum (Caesivs), ‘Arretium (Vatinius) and. Verona (Lucretius) in aly. Five velerans of XI C.p.. (Barbus, Octavius, Pescennius and Tettenus) indicate no origins and nor does the sole veteran of Ill Flavia felix (Antonius): the only origin recorded is Augusta Practoria (Varus) in northwest italy. Some of these rmay have belonged to a settlement of veterans in the west of Salona the tertory under Claudius. Thre are no individual records of any veterans from the Moesin leon V Maoedonica ‘who erected a monument to their former chief centurion and camp prefect (Praecius) who also held leading civic offices at Salona, Only one serving legionary dating trom before 42 is recorded at Salona, serving in X! and originating from Philippi (Fulius) in Macedonia. Serving members of Vil Cop. include a miles from Edessa (Valerius) in Macedonia, two other mites (Metius and Trebonius) and an imagiifer (Gitius). Of two centurions, one came from Arretium Wibius) while the otter (Platius) is recorded on the epitaph of a freedwoman. Of two serving members of XI G.pf. one came from Vienna in Galia Narbonensis (Fabius) but that of the other is not stated (Manticus: the name is possibly Venetic). Others include a standard-bearer (signif) from Verona (Lucretius) and a centurion from Aquae Sextiae (lulvs) in Galla Narbonensis. There are also three ‘whose unit 1s not recorded, one from Bononia (Valerius) and two others (Avinnius and Gelius) It is reasonable to assume that most of these were engaged in one way oF another in the provincial administration centred on Salona, ROMAN COLONY, although only one senior member ofthe governor's oficum (cornicularius consularis) happens to be on record (Cosconius), After the departure of the legions the administration of Dalmatia drew on the Pannonian and Moesian legions for thelr personnel. A veteran of Xi Gemina trom iguvium in Umbria (Uttedius) may have setted in Salona and joined its council after service in the officium of Dalmatia, as the benefciarius consulris who became a member of the city council at Aequum (Granius), ‘The question arises whether there Is likely to have been a significant recruitment from Salona to the legions stationed in the province. Explict evidence is forthcoming with a veteran of Vil Gps. (Caetennius), whose name suggests he belonged to a family of sete ocgin pernaps from Volsinil in Etruria (see above) but who settled in the Favian colony at Scupl (Skopje) and records Salona as his origin, It is unusual for a centurion to record an origin, as does a centurlo evocalus (Herennius) trom Salona on his monument erected by freedmen hits at Cibalae in Pannonia.. The role of Salona as a recruiting centre, a8 opposed to a source of recruits, may be reflected in the examples of those whose name indicates recent citizenship, as with a centurion (Flavius Proculus) recorded at Rome in AD 118. Those centurions who had served in legions far away from Dalmatia may be presumed to have retumed home after completion of theit service, such a3 one of il Cyrenaica (Laelvs) staoned in Egypt and another (Flavius Pormponianus) who had served in five cifeent legions, three of which were permanently stationed in the east, I Talana, Il Flavia, XI Folminata, XVI Favia and ill Gemina Marta vier Few auxiliaries are recorded. Three are serving members of eastemn units, Syrian archers trom Cyrrhus (luli Andromachus and Theodorus) and a cavalry regiment ‘of Partian refugees (uli). The veteran of Vil Voluntaiorum (llius) may be of local (native) origin. Serving auxliaries include a serving member of the same unit (Sornius) and ‘two members of & cohort raised in Camparia, one from Suessa (Vettius) and another (Cloelius) who held. the anomalous position of ‘guardian’ (custos) of Tragurium, The senior officer who may also have commanded ti Apinarum (Ennis) recorded on the epitaph of his young son, seems likely to have been of local origin, a8 was the veteran of an unspectied unt (Trebius) recorded on the epitaph of his young son. Only one seems likely to have been in the service of the governor, a possible member of the mounted bodyguard (Attvs). The precise role of the centurion (Sivius) of | Belgarum at the stone quartes on the istand Bratta (Brat) tn charge of the theatre” (curagons thea) remains unclear, although one assumes it relates to the theatre at Salona. A centurion awarded decorations in Tejan’s Dacian wars (Aquillvs) is perhaps more likely to have served in the praetorian guard than in an auxiliary unit since he also held municipal office Few of the miitary personnel at Salona record no dependents, except inthe case of votives where the question of dependants does not usualy arise (Celis, Rustvs, Aquiius and Sivius), and the same is the case with those honoured by municipal and other bodies (Praeciius and94 ——___________—. ROMAN CoLony Flavius). Nine epftaphs appear to have recorded no more than simply the name of the deceased along with the ‘simplest formula of burial (hic situs est) (As and Curtiacus) but several may resut from the incomplete record of the now lost inscription (Teteius, lu(vjentis, Laelvs, Aruntus, Tittus, ignienus and Mettius). Those whose tombstones ‘wore erected by unspected hers (heredes) may be presumed not to have estabished their own household at Salona (lunius, Manticus, Caesius, Flavius Pomponianus, Sabinus and llius no cognomen), and the same is likely to have been the case with those whase memorials were set up by fellow soldiers (Octavius, Marius?, and the luli in Syrian and Parthian units) The households of a number of serving and former soldiers were founded on marrage with @ former slave, and both freedmen and freedwoman figure a8, the heirs and the creators of memorials to their patrons (Asurus, Herennius, Fabius, Lucretius, Valerius, Caetennius and Pinarus; also by an (nospta, Blfajeslus) or, in one case, on a memorial erected by patron to former slave (Platus). Most solders had epitaph erected by members Of their familes or households or by themselves along with family, household and future descendants. Ten epitaph record wives and other dependents (Tebus, iulus Paternus, Pescennius, Antonius, Appuleius, Fuficius, Vibius, lus Secundus, Barbarlus, (Nera) and Uttedus) and five sons and daughters (Calpurnius, Ennius, Hortensius, Cornelius and Varius). Local associations are more stronoly indicatad by the presence of parents (Somius, Tiisenus and Granius) oF siblings (Cosconius, Fabius, Af.], Trebonius and Lucretius). One may conclude that the large number of local links present in the epitaphs of both veteran and serving solders does not suggest that the colony was originally a significant source of legionary recruits. Veterans who settied at Salona after service in Dalmatia may have increased the rate of recrutment. In the late 1% and early 2° century @ number of recruits drawn from non-colonal families may have recorded Salona as an origin through ‘the administrative mechanism of army recruitment ‘Those with sufficient wealth to aspire to equestrian rank and the imperial appointments for which that was a qualtcation, may have been required to assume their ‘municipal responsilites as councilor and/or magistrate beforehand. The senior centurion and camo prefect (Praecilus), honoured by veterans who had served under his command, held high office and priesthoods in the colony, presumably after his service was complete. Others are likely to have held their municipal offices, before assuming command of an auxiiary cohort stationed ‘lsewhere in the Empire (Cassius and Servius) or the post of imperial procurator (Antonius). A centurion (Aquiius) ‘wha was councillor in two cities, Salona and Franona in Istria, is ikely to have held those offices before military service in Trajan’s Dacian War. The father ot a centurion (Titserus) and the veteran from Iguvium (Uttedius) are also recorded as members of the Salona council, and a former benefcirius consulais (Granius) was a member of the council of the veteran colony at Aequum. Perhaps more significant was the role of a legionary veteran who served a5 chief clerk (soriba) of the colony (Curiatius), ~ 4 prestigious and influential office responsible for oversight of the ciy’s financial records tabular). Another veteran (Apuleius) was before AD 42 co-opted to membership of the Salona council ‘Around forty families are recorded at Salona holding muneipal office, including that of ther cts inthe province. One was a centurion who was member of council of both Salona and Flanona (Aquilius), another aedilé in the Fiavian municipium at Scardona (Turranius), and a third, a former member of the provincial administration, was in the council of the Claudian colony Aequum (Granius) Another family (Abucius) combined members of the council of Salona and Issa, @ father in Salona, elder son in both and younger son in Salona, The connection with Issa may be an inherited obligation from the family of the ‘mother (Liguria). In the early period at Salona there is generally lle sign of the same individuals holding office in several cites of the province (an exception is Flavius Agricola), @ practice that appears to have developed after the middle of the 2° century. All thirteen records of tv ire dicundo appear to belong to te Julio-Cleudian period, most of whom also held the office of aedile and a few the prestigious censoral office of ivr |. d. quinquennalis (Albius, Anicius (2 ex), Antonius, Bennius, Caesius, Campanivs, Cassius, Clodius, Gelius, Nassius, Petroius and Titus). The offices of two members. of the same family (Anicius), probably cousins, can be dated to the period of Tiberius, from the fact that one of them carried cut the duties of the atfice on behalf of the governor Cornelius Dolabelia and for Drusus the son of Tiberius (he resided there for some period between the years AD 17 and 20), who had accepted the thular honour of Illvir of Salona, and who alsa held a priesthood of the empress tua Augusta (Livia), mother of Tiberius: who dled in AD 26 and was later detied by her grandson Claudius. The same individual is also the only recorded holder of the prefecture of the island Pharia (praefectura Phariaca). The ‘change from vit from ivi appears to have taken place in the Flavian period. The earliest record of a lv is the one (Statius) who also held the priesthood of the deified Vespasian, an ofice tkely to have been held in the years following AD 79. The tenure of another (ulus Severus) is dated to AD 137 (Oomitus), while two out of the remaining five have imperial names trom the Flavians (Flavius Agricola) and from Trajan (Uipius Sabinus), and the others common family names of Haan origin (Aemius, lunius and Vetius (2 ex)). Several record only council membership, including 2 legionary veteran from iguvium (Uttedius), the father of a centurion (Titsenus), another (Egnatius) who advertises his fliation for the three past Qgonerations and one who was the head of a large family (Fulvus). The relationships ofan eighteen year-old councillor are interesting (Orchivius): is parents. were an imperial slave and official (dispensator) and his mother a freeborn woman (Orchiva), whose family name passed to. her son, but whose cognomen (Amemi)tus) was that of his slave father. Membership of several priestly colleges were linked withthe holding of municipal office, augures, famines and ponttices, but, except for famines of fla Augusta and of Divus Vespasianus, none has their cults or dutiesaw ROMAN COLONY 95 specified. Moreover, there is no suggestion that any were linked with the provincial cult centred on Epidaurum and Doclea. At Salona there is ile hint of a focus of loyalty to the Julio-Claudian emperors to compare with that from ‘Aenona in Liburnia or with Narona, where a major shrine of the Julian house has recently been discovered. Three augurs at Salona are recorded (Bennius, Canius and Epidius). One pontfex (luius Severus) presided at the dedication of an altar to Jupiter Optimus Maximus in. AD 137. Only the senior centurion (Praecilus), honoured by his fellow soldiers, was both augur and pontifex and also patron af the colony. The bt. cos. who was a member of the Aequum council (Granius) is also described as flamen, presumably in the same cit. As in other Roman colonies the organisation and execution of the imperial cult was reserved for a college of six priests (vir Augustales) drawn trom the freedman class of the city. Like the magistrates, the Seviri held office for one year but litle or nothing is known of thei selection or of what they actually did during their tenure of the priesthood. No collegiate lists of official records survive, with most holders being identified on family epitanhs. At Salona twenty-six livid and/or Augustales are recorded, almost alt demonstrably freedmen. A few are linked with municipal familes, and in two instances magistrates are identtied as patrons of freedmen Sevir con family epltaphs (Caesius and Gols). One was. an imperial treedman (Flavius Bassus), and another (uius Sceptus) the freedman of an imperial freedman. Two other ‘may have belonged to the households of imperial governors (Antelus and Volusius). Although the text is fragmentary, there appears one case (Status) of a Sevir who was, presumably subsequent, a member ofthe council (duro) ‘The rest simply record the priesthood against their names. as a mark of distinction on their own and others’ eptaphs (Aeronius, Ancharius, Caetenius, Clodus, Curus, Fundanus, Orbius, Petronus, Rubrius, Savus, Saufeus,Sticius, Salus, Turranius, Varus, and. Vbis). Most votive altars and shrines to religious cults at Salona appear to been personal or family initiatives, whose motives are only occasionally explained in the text of the dedication, Of eight votives to Jupiter in various qises, four are addressed to the state identty luppiter Optimus Maximus as representing the exercise of sovereign power. One is the official dedication of an altar in AD 137 by @ magistrate (Domitius Valens) and a pontfex (ulus) in which the ordinances of the dedication are set out in detail. Two others. were personal initiatives (Obultonius and Septimus) and the same may be the case also with that by an Augustalis (Flavius). On the istand ssa one afar to IOM Augustus commemorated the creation of @ vineyard by one Valius Festus ‘now named Valianus after Festus and in support of his prayer that it should keep tis name for ever he established (this) tar and dedicated it with the sacrifice of a bull’ One IOM votive (Caesius Corymbus) and another to luppter alone (Pinarius Eros) has the epithet Caelests, an Afican identty that inherited the character of the Phoenician Tanit at Carthage then later spread to Roman and to other provinces. A votive was made to luppiter in the unusual identity of ‘bringer of breezes or winds’ (AdfatorAflator), that might be linked in some way with sea traffic (lunia hcunda). Five individual votives to Olympian deities in Roman guise are not notably informative of religious motivation among the Upper classes of the colony, to Apolo (luis Numida), Liber Pater Augustus ‘ex visu’ (lia Maxima), Mercurlus (Pontius; bilingual text from Issa), although two are addressed to spected aspects, the serpent of Aesculapius’ (Boas Aesculapi) by a woman (Caesia Secunda) and Verus Victrix (Marius Paulus), an identity Venus appears linked with Mars as the bringer of victory. The cult first appeared in Rome in the stone theatre of Pompey and soon became a common personification of mitary victory Other deities, none with local identties or associations, include Hercules (Aquillus) and Hercules Augustus (Obutronius Dexter). A votive to Lares August (Uipius [onl) acknowledges the role of the emperor as guardian of the Roman state as a whole. Spes is a votive for the well-being of the younger generation and the votive at Salona (Erbonius) is more likely a private aspiration than that linked with the hopes for the imperial succession (Spes Augusta), and the same interpretation probably holds good. with a votve to Fortuna Domestica (Obutronius Barylls). On the other hand a dedication to the Genius of the colony Salona seems more tkely to have some public but unspecified meaning (Sextiius Marullus). The ‘most visible cuts inthe epigraphic record are the Anatolian ‘mother goddess Cybele in the form of Magna Mater and Siivanus and the Nymphs which have strong local associations in the area. Cybele was essentially a deity of fertity that also offered a prospect of the atterife to ts intates, who had been admitted to a symbolic blood relationship (cognatio) after being bathed in the blood of a slaughtered bull or ram (taurobolum or criobofum). Some cf number of the nine votives at Salona (Curia Prisca, ‘ulus Rufus, Stalius Secundus, Turranius Cronius, Serva Copies, lunia Rhodine, Naevius Diogenes, Agrius (1 and Safiius Fiucinus) specifies the decioation of a new oF refurbished shrine and altars. Three of the dacicators were ‘either Sevi or closely associated with them (Stalius,lunia ‘and Naevius). Though the rituals of Phrygian Cybele appeared exotic in the early empire, the cuit had been long established at Rome and was widespread by the 2° century AD. Its Roman naturasation gava it a municipal respectability and it appears to have been popular withthe stable elements of @ community such as those linked with local productivity rather than with more transient groups such as soldiers and traders. At Salona ft appears to have taken root in a stable seter community that was stil set apart trom the indigenous population of the hinted. Silvanus, the Roman daity of forests and agricutue, ‘was particularly popular in the Danube lands, where he is portrayed on numerous reliefs. In two cases he appears with the epithet Augustus (Claudlus Verus and Pomponius Valentinus), but in most cases Silvanus is inked with the Nympnae, from whose caves oF grtto-ke shrines flowed ‘the water that was the most precious natural commodity in the limestone karst of Dalmatia, both on the mainland and on the islands. These are portrayed as three oF four female figures, often accompanied by a goatfootad igure of96, ——__________——- ROMAN CoLony Pan. Sivanus and the Nymphae might share thei shrines (Aprofennius Circitor and Fescenia Astce) but most votives are made to the Nymphae alone (Pula, Sivus, Seius and Thorius). An isolated grave formula ‘sacred to the ashes’ (cinerbus sacrum, Antea Crispina) conveys a more intense spirtuality in the burial stual that the familiar and, after the middle of the 1% century, more or less universal ‘to the departed spirts'(Dis Manibus). Apart from personal relationships, public or religious office and miltary service, most monuments offer lie relating to the life and work of the deceased: there is a wine ‘merchant (negotiator vinarius, Nassius Sotericus), a pottery merchant (negotiator cretarius, Conius) and another merchant (lulus Maximus) whose business is unspecitie, along with a seafarer who had travelled the world before being laid to rest in his native land (Utius). The only reference to costs is the sum of 150,000 sestert on the fragment of a monument (Apronius?). Expressions of viet come in the form of verses that accompany the eptaphs, particulaty fo those dead betore their time. There is the orief of mothers over the loss of a young daughter (Fuficia Agre and Pomponius Pietas), the loss of a husband and two sons to illtess, a son of twelve ‘snatched by fate in the tertory of the Maszaei’(Trebius Exoratus), @thcty- five year old ‘kidnapped by bandits’ (Tadius Severus) and the mother who grieved for her teenage son and daughter, the fomer kiled at Rome by a faling root, the later perishing at Sipontum on the coast of Italy opposite Salona (Papitia Rhome). At a more mundane level a magistrate (Aemius Ingenuus) takes some trouble to record the spatial measurements of his monument and its precinct behind @ ‘ori which faced on to a paved street Personal relationships recorded on epitaphs are those of the nuclear family and the child-parent or the parent-chidl axis that generated most of the funeral record. Some were erected while the creator was stil living (vis — fecitsibi et suis) resulting in the catalogue of members of entre families and households both ling and deceased, Most fami consist of no more than sik individuals, many of a lesser number. There is an exceptionally large family of eleven (Ancharius Anthus), consisting of husband and wife, son and daughter who were also heirs (heredes) and seven freedmen, while that of another, an imperial freedman (llus Sceptus) who was also a Sev, appears to number twelve, including @ frst and a second wife. Another family (Mammius Quartus and his wife Vosi) lists two sons, a laughter, @ granddaughter and another relative, Named individuals are usually identified by ther relationship to the person to whom the epitaph was dedicated, as parents (pater or mater) chitden (ius or fia) and sibings (rater and sory). Siave and former slaves are prominent on many household epitaphs, as personal servants and household rmenias (ertus and iberta), and these were often responsible for the epitaph of their former owners. Many of the marriages recorded are between a female slave (\terta) and her ‘owner (dominus) following manumission. Spouses are frequently identfied (wxor, maritus, coniumx and vit) and ‘there are three examples of concubines (Aquilia Chrest, ‘Arruntia Secundina and Clocia Fausta). Few reltionshios through marriage are registered, such as son-in-law (genet, (Claudius). Foundiings and slave chien brought up in the household are recorded, alumna (Flavius Magnus), vernal vemmacuia (Aruna, Clodia and Ups). Simple ‘ties. of friendship generated several monuments as did aiso past associations (contubernals, sodals and frater in the sense of fellow soldier), Traditional egal and protective formulae are present, including that which was intended to protect a monument from being disposed of under the terms of a will (hoe monumentum heredem non sequetur), while the role of hits (heredes) and executors (arbitratores) is frequently cited especially on the early monuments of serving and veteran solders.‘Appendix: Salona family names (c. 50 BC-c. AD 150) ‘Te folowing Roman names, isted by genta, are recorded at Salona and in its surrounding tertory for the period before c. AD 150. On the mainland this includes Tragurium (Trogir) in the west, Epetium (Stobred) inthe east and the area inland to Klis, and the istands Solentia Sola), Brattia (Brac), Pharia (Hvar) and Issa (Vis) Dating of inscriptions folows G. Aol, Die Personennamen in der rémischen Proving Dalmatia (Heidelberg 1969), esp. p. 27-30. References are: C=Corpus inscriotionum Latarum volume I (other volumes are cited by numben} ILiug=Inscrotones Latinae quae in lugoslavia repertae et ecitee sunt ed. A and J, SaSel (Ljubljana 1963, 1978 and_1986); recent years followes by rumber refer to Année Epioraphique (Paris). ‘Accia Amabilis mater ILiug2708 Accia Amabilis mater 614688 M. —Acclus Zosimus 1Lug2706 LAccius Zosimus (fi?) 614689 Aelia Aug. lib. fl, 1Llug2119 Alia Eutcia Aug. lib. fi, mater ILhug2119 Aelia Faustina (fil) ILiug2220 Aelus Aug. li...1fab lars) prove, Djalmatiae)? 14689 P —Ael(us) Epiius martus C1928(8517) ‘elus Hemaisc(us] 14689 Aemia Hippolyta mater C2072 . —Aemilius Ingenjuus aed. [li] id. C2072 Aqutna Teta coniunx C2021 (p 2135) Aeronia Delia Q. 1. C2161 ‘eronia Primigelnia C8864 Q.—Aeronius A(@iutor C2161 Q. Acronis Helus (fil) C12917 [. Aeronjius Tertius Vivir pater C12917 Agra (... Iug674 Agri [...ILug674 Ch. Abhius Philemo ILlug2599 Abia C. f. Lepida C2073 Albus Niger C2073 Albus L.f. Lepidus dec. Salon. C2073, Albius Lf. Leuga aed, tlviri.d. C2073 ‘ius Cf. Niger C2073 ‘ucla C. 1. Ponta uxor C1965 ‘Albucius C. t. Sergia) Menipp(us) dec. Ise) i. coor ©. Albuclus C. f. rom. Menippus dec. Salon. aed marius C2074 ©. Albucius C. f. Tr Prociianus dec. Sal. et tssae aedls fi, C2074 {.Alucius) C. lib... C8868 T —Ancharlus Anthus illivir Aug(ustalis) C2092 Anchatius lustus ©2092 L—Anicius ©. f. Paetinas lv id. praet. fab. vir id quingu. 614713 LL Anicius Lf. Paetinas tlie id. quing. praf. quing. Drusi Caes.Germanici praet. quing, P. Dolabellae pontif. Flamini lulae Augustae pract.fabr.praet Phatiac(a) Salontan(a) C14712 rree ROMAN COLONY ceorre Sex. cre ” Anteia Pf. Crispina C2173, Anteius P_Antei Syri fb. Herma livir et Aug(ustalls) (a54) (1947(8566) Artesia Messia C8806 Ant. Lug 2568(3060) ‘Antonia Primigenia (mater) C2075 Antonius Expectatus frater C2075 Antonius Lf. To. Firmus aed Mlvir id, praet fabr. proc. Aug. (pater) C2075 Antonius M. f. Ser(gia) Surus vet. leg. IN Ff 2004 Aponius Verus 612815 Aprofennius Circtor C1958 Aprofennius Ciretor C2183 Aprofennius Lucullo C2183 Aprofennius Pro... C2183 ‘Apjonius Fron... C9104? ‘Appuleius Etruscus vet leg. XI decurio alectus Salona C1914(8506,p.2328/121) (Imotsk} Appuleus Etruscus fl C1914(8506,p2328) 4121)[Imotsk] Aquila M. f. C[hrestfe] C8886(p.2261) Aquiifus] Severus (cent,) coh. Vi...) dee Salonis et Flano[nae C1940 A...] Tuscus pater (mil?] leg. Vil 971 1fragurium Af.] Primio C971ragurium Arcus? Quarto C8868 Aria C. f, Maxima (mater) C2085 Arruntia T. |. Secundina neptis C2190 Arruntius domo Pasimo(ne (vet. leg.VI Lug 2001 Arruntius Camillus Scribonianus Felicio servus iLlug 22 (Asuria) Severa lib. C8723 Asurius mil. leg. Vil domo Floentia C8723 ‘tatienus Secundus C14775/1 {Attia (Hospita Ca902 Atia M. |. Amplita C2197 Attia Prima 1Lug2586(3278) Ata M. |. Secunda coniunx C2197 Atia Soteris C9097 Atius M. f. Crispus (fl) C2197 Atius Mi. Flalustus C2197 Aus Restutus equ. ex sing. coh, Ill Alpin] (613906(8725.8755) Aus M. f. Secundus filus C2197 ‘Aviia T. |. Ingenua mater C2202 Avid Tf Luculla C2202 Avid(us) Spendo ¢14775/t Avinnius (Post2]umius theres? 1Llug2092 Baebilus Hygin(us) C2530 Barbia Paulla mater ILlug2095 Barbius |...] vet. eg. XI C.p.. pater iLug2095 Baurea [] |. Ruta C2680 (Tragurium] Benn(ija Sabinja) mater? ILlug2098 Bennius C2686 [Tagurium] Befnnius] Prsc(us ..| C8950 Bennius Sabinus llr id. augur llr id. quing flam, Augustalis praef.coh.Jl Lustanorum equtatae cars98 Prepre2 Ts —_—_——— ROMAN coLoxy — Bittius 1] To. Genf..} imaginifer fe. VIC. [pt] 08735 Blajesius Tertulus miles) eg. XI C. p. f. C2013 G(..) Clementiius C2615 Caecila Q. 1, Paula mater C2476 Caecila C. 1. Terula soror C2202 Gaela Tertia coniunx C8806 Caeselia Pf. (Soror?) C2686a Caeselia C. f. Quarta 626862 Cagselius P 1. (rater) C2686a Cassellus Pf. Tro. Maximus C2686a Gaesia Ducati fi 62252 Caesia Lepidila fi. C8786 Caesia Optata uxor C2686 [Tragurium] Claesia) Romana (mater) C2252 Caesia T. f. Secunda C1934 Caesius ©. |, Amarant(hus) llvr (coniunx) C8786 Cassius L. f. Bassus domo Pisaurum vet, eg. Vil C. p. f C2014 Caesius Corymbus. C1948 aes C. 1 To. Vindex aed. llvir id. (patronus?) 8786 Chafesjtnius Mf. Tro, Liug6e0 Calesjonius Mt Tro. rater iLiug2680 Gaetennia Artemisia 23432 Caetennia P 1. Venusitia €2094(8582) Caetennius P|. Chi... C8958 Caetennius Agathias (ib.?) C2094 (8582) Caetennius P f. Clemens Salona vet. leg. Vil C. p. f, Lug 34 [Scupi} Caetennius Felci(anus) tb. et heres ILlug34 (Scupl Caetennius Firfmus) C2260 Caeteinius) Pateriws) C8960 Caete{mius} Primus C2260 Caetennius Pudens fil, C2260 Caetennius Verusfius Vivir flius €2094(8582) Claetron(us] Q. |. Hilarus ILiug2566(4714) Cafatus Sp. f. Celer Llug2620 [Ciakenjus (2) Lf. Libo C9195 Calpurnia Projcula?| mater C8757 Calpumius Calistus (ib.?) amicus ILlug682 Callpurnius 1] Tro. Mal... prleffotus (coh 1] Uvleenfsium fi?) 68736 Campanius L. f. To. Varus aedis lv i, Mvir id, quing, augur amen praet. fab. C8787 Camurena L. 1. Procula ILlug 2717 Canius Placidus aug(ur?) C8788 Canuleia C. f, Procullal C8964 Capsicla T. f. Tertulina alumna ILlug2149 Cassia Tertulina fi. C8790 Cassius Cerdo lib. heres C8737 Cassius Q. f. Tro. Constans aed. Iv id. augur praet fabr. trib, mit. ll Vol. ¢. R. C8737 Cassius talicus fil C8970 Cassius Q. f. Severus 1Llug2574 Cassius Theodorufs] C8970 Catenia Fusca lib. C2277(8617) Catenius Demetrius (ib.) C2277(8617) Catonius Phletus patronus C2277(8617) CCatenius Primus (l.) C2277(8617) saat zgune Catia lu.) C8972 Catfus ...C8972 Claudia {T]. Claudt Allypi |. Caesars Hberta Euche C2022 Claudia Ti. [f) Thetis (uxor) Cp2260(2093+-2825) Ciaudi Aug. set. Nisus gener C2097(8585) Claudius [...} nepos tLlug2162 Claudius Marcellus 8753(2028p.1030) Cllaudius) Suclcessus?] tater ILlug2149 Ci(audius) Verus tLlug2055 Ciodia P|. Blanda uxor C8786 Ciodia Flaujsta concubina IL1ug2203 Clocia Maxima C8692 Clodia Primigenia fi. €2095(8583) Clodia Pt... C2570 Glodia Secunda (avia) C2190 Giodia Severa C3084 {Pharal Clodius C. f Sero(a) Fadionus ivr. (.) C2079 Glodius Fel fib. llvir Aug. C2095(8583) Clodius Galicanus C3084 [Pharia} Clodius Gracfiis}tLiug2052 Cloelius miles c(o)ho. Campanae custos Traguri 3693 Coelia Secujnda lib, €13925(12971+13078) Coela P |. (Plregrina (fi) C2295 Coela Pieris mater uxor C6383 Coalus Babinus C2295 Coalus Eptymne martus ©13825(12971-+13078) Coelius Eutye(h)es (coniumm) 62561 Goelus Gaudentus infans C9009 Coelus Quintianus infans alumnus 62294 Coalus (... (neres?) C8746=Situla 8 (1965) 96 Confius] M. 1. Quartus negotiator} cretarivs 1994.1350 Cordia Af..jfa mater 8797 Corda Cy..Ja uxor 014698) Cordia Au. F Quarta mater 62122(8593) Coteus iujcundus (fius) C2033 Coteus Treptus C3097 (Brattia) (Cornelia 1Liug2568(3861) Cornelia Pf. Clementila uxor C8786 Comelfa Fljicla ib. C2484 Cornelia Pal...) mater C9204 Comelia A. |. Rustica iLlug 2597 [Cornelia Secujndina lib. C2484 Cornus} 1Lug2568(3861) Comelius L. 1. Mae(cia) domo Pelagonia vet. leg XI pater C2017 Comelius Athangelus (ib.) 62484 Comelius Clemens (fi) 1ug?158 Cornelius C. f. Tro. Ni... praet. fable. bis trib, mi bis leaf] do(na mil] (Tiberius) C2018 Comes) Priscfus} miles ? C14244 Corfnifciuls ILlug 2786 Corjnticiu's Pf. (2) ILiuge786 [Cosconia? Relstuta soror C8738 Cosiconius‘...jinus [2mil] leg. corn. cos. amicus 8738 Cottius Curtivs coniunx 13903 Cuparia Lupa (uxor) €1914(8506,p.2328/121)a — zee Curiatus 7. f. Sera, Secundus domo Augusta Troas vet. leg. Vil C. pf. soriba Salonis C2019 Curia Prisca C1952(8567) Curius Amit...) C2301 Curius Inc... C2301 Curus Sec.) C2301 Curis L. 1 Sosibius ilvir August(lis) (coniunx) Hlug2113 Curtiacus 7. f. Lem. domo Bononia vet. leg. VIC p. f. 01424471 lurtia) Severa ILiug2945 {Solentia} (Curt?) Priscila ILlug2945 Solenta] Curtus Firmus (frater) !Lug2938 [Solent] Cjujrtus} Maximus frater ILiug2938 (Solenta] Decimius Gratus C14662 (8791 +8261) Delfius .. 8962 Dirutia Damale soror C9031 Dirutia tanita C8031 Dirutia Restuta (frater) 69031 Dirutia Threpte mater C8031 Diruts Phoebus ‘rater C9031 Domitius ...1Liug 2568(3951) Domitius L. 1. Salvianus} iLlug 2320 Domitius Valens lWvir id. (@.137) €1933(p1080) Domus] Valens C9041 (12840p.2828/126) (Eonatia) Liberals soror C14777/1 (Eognatia) Myrina mater 1477/1 Eghatia Secunda fi, 62433 Fghatia Vera fil. C2433, Egnatius Amycus pater patronus 1477/1 Eqnatius L. 1. Gn. nep. Gn. pronep. Tro. Clemens decurio augur C1942 Egnata Liverais. 62433 (Egnatius) Lucensis trater 014777/1 Egnatius Luciensis fl C2433 Egnjatus Maximus fil. C2433 Egnatius L. | Maximus €14777/1 (Eonjatius Sotericus heres) C2532 Ennius ..J dee. equi praepositus coh ill Alpinae 8739 Ennis ..2312 Ennius Clemens contuberalis Llug 2217 Ennius Severus] fi. C8739 Epicia Procula mater 1979.447(1989.607) Erbonius Ingenu(u)s ILlug675 Etuvia Hediste (mater) 9052 tuvia Quinta (fi) C9052 Etuvius ©. fil To. Caprilus fi. C8052 Etuvius Erastus (pater) C9052 Eupunius Vietor (coniunx) 62021(p.2135) Faberia Cara C1948 Fabia Mj.) WLug2162 Fabia My... Llug2162 Fabia NY. J 1ug2t62 Fabia Marcelina?] soror C9057 Fabius ...ILlug 2568(3638) Fabius C. 1. Clemens sera fiius) C2122(8593) Fabius Fabianus frater C8740 Fabius) Faustus lib. 14780 Fabius Firmus 9057 Pasa 4 agaa a Sex ROMAN COLONY — 99 Fabius Pacatus Volt. Vienna mil. leg. XI C. p. t 8740 Fabius L. 1. Saturninus vet. Vil (C. py f. 62022 Fablus Sura 614780 [Falbricia L. |. Primigentia] uxor mater C2544 Fadl... C8059 Fadia C. {. Marcelina mater C2079 Fadius C. Fadi Cerdonis lib. Epictetus 03081 (ssa) Feresia 0. et C. |. Sperata C2321 Feresius 2 |. Festus C2324 Fo{scejnia Astice coniunx ILlug2003 Flavia Lf....2} C12906 Favius T. fil. Tro. Agricola dec. col. Sal. vir iure ic. dec. col. Aequtatis thir ga cisp(unctor) municipi Ridtar. praet. et patron. coll. fabr. curator rep. Splonistarum trib. leg. X G. pt. eques Rom. 2026 Flavius Aug. L. Bassus Augustalis (¢p2260(2093-+2325) (Flavijus Faustus Vivir Aug. coniunx lug 2003 Flavius Felix ib. Cp.2260(2093+2325) Flavius) Aug. lib. Magnus ILiug 2120 Fi(avius) Pomponianus (cent) leg. Tr. fort. tl FL il Fuim, XVI Flavia XIVGemina M. C2029 Flavius Tt Tr Proculus Salonis) (cent) (a. 118) cvigoest Flavius) Sivanus Hispani f. C2329 Fiavius Aug, |. Suavis (coniunx) C2483 Folnius Favor C9097 Fulficia Agre 62341 (8623) Fuficia TL Prima 62030 Faficia fem) |. Prisca C2030 Futiclus ©. f. Pol. vet. leg. XX C2030 Fuficius C. |. Felicifanus) C8958 Futicius T. |. Privatus C2030 Fuficius C. |. Sabinus C2340 Fullonia Lug 2568(3931) fFulvija Procula 8789 Fulvius ©. 1. Vol. Philippis} miles leg. x C2031 Fulvjus Sex. f. Tro (..Janus C8789 Fullvus Alfanus dec. C8789 Fuius Maifor?] C1298518107) Fullvius Pietas C8789 Fundania Egloge fib. wor C2096(8584) Fundania (fem) | las C14272/2 Fundanius 0. {t} (pater) C13970 [Traguriumy Fundanius Clemens (fl) 13970 (Fundanius) Felix ib. C2096 Fundanius Philologus Augustalis C2096(8584) (Fundanius) Zosimus lib. C2096 Gallus Celer (pater?) C12987 Gelia Ursa lib. 623432 Gelius M. f. Sergi] (mil le.) arbiter ILlug 2090 Gjelius Dexter) augur tlviri{o,] ¢8524(1920) Gellus Eros ilvir C8524(1920) (Epetium) Gelius Primus ILlugi29 Gelius Primus (patronus) C2343a Genucius L. |. Rusticus (arbiter)C2531 Granius L. t Procinus dec. col. Aequensium flamen bi.cos. leg. Xl Gem 1989.607(1979.447)Grats Clamipanus C8797 Helv..08744 Helvius (J miles?) C8744 Helvius So...) C8744 Helvus Lepidus Salonitanus (ipl. mil. @. 70) Herefnnius?] f. Qujr ..014787 Herennius Helus fib. heres C1360 Herennius Tromentina Valens Salona evocatus leg. XC. p.t. (cent) leg. XC. pf. | Adil Ad. XV ApolL 1 Adi iter. Ill FL patronus C13360 (hora M. |. Prima C2356 Hortensia Qf. Quarta (fil) C2033 Hortensius Q. f. vet. leg. Vil 62033 lgnienus [..] Qf Ani, Ferox [.... domo Troas ‘Lluge105 (lujia fem.) tb. (.. 614798 Uui(a) [Jona (coniunx?) 62383(8627) lula. 1, Admatis fi, C2097(8585) lua Ceuna. mater iLlug2178 lula L. . Clementila flia C2125 (8594) lula Coetonis uxor 62097 (8585) lula Crater fil. C2617 Julia Helpis (coniunx et f,) C2371. (p. 2328/125) iui Lasciva mater C2692 (Tragurium) tui Lucida fb. patron. C2394 lua Lupa soror C2692 lua Lf. Marultja C2125 (8594) lula A. L Maxima 14673 lula C. f. Maxima wxor 62183 lula Tf. Maxima uxor 62035 Tula) Messa tLiug2174 Iulia Noema C9097 lula Panthera (fia) C2692 (Tragurium) Mulia?) Panto (avia) ILlug 731 lula C, 4, Polla uxor 2678 (8699) (Tragurium} lula (fem) | Prlimja wxor €2097(8585) lula Procula uxor C14777/1 lua C. 1 Rofmajna fi, C2097 (8585) lula fem) |, S{eelpsis fi, C2097(8585) lula Scepsis uxor ILlug 2113, Illa?) Statia nepos ILlug73t lula Stochas coniunx 69392 lula T)..1 C2570 tulia C. 1. Tertulla (soror et fia) €2403(9.1031) lula Theona soror C9392 lula Vendo uxor 62497 (llia) Veranita (ib.) C2394 lula Ursa (li) 614801/2 lulus 6. f. Vel. domo Pessinus vet fag, Vi 19941355 fulfus vet. coh, Vill (ol...) maritus C9708 lulus [..] Epicadi t. (coniunx) €14794(9159) luis C. f. To. Admetus 613935 luius C. f. Tro. Admetus fil C2097(8585) luis Andromachus mil, coh. it Cyrhestar(um) 194.1358 lulus Apola sodals 1994.1358 lulus ©. f. Tro. Aquila fil. C2097(8585) (ulus) Cerias fi. C14801/2 lulus C. 1, To. Clemens negotiator (fis) C2125 (8594) ROMAN COLONY ror areerrs ene sH= 1 — lugs Cf Pafl] Deciminus ? C8791 (ulus) Diopantus Alexandsi f. de buna Murena 2034 lulus M. |, Docimus heres C2035 tuius Evaristus patronus 61480%/2 luius L. 1. Herma C9098 lulus Magnus fi. Livg2178 lulius C. f. Tro. Maximus pater C2125 (8594) lulius L. f. Tro, Maximus filus C2125(8594) lulfus) Maximus} C. ll. Tidatis domo Roma dec. ala(e) Pharthorum C8746=Situla 8 (1965).96 lulus L. 1, Narcissus (pater) C2371 (p2328/125) lulus: Numida Llug2751 Jus M. f. Vol. Paternus domo Aquae Seatiae mi leg. Vi Vietric.(cent) leg. Vi Aug. XI G. MLV. XI Gp. C2035 lulus Plotinus 614794(9159) luius Rufus C1953 lulus Rufus Salonitanus eq(ues) Rfomanus) (dip. mil, a. 71) Oxvita lulus ©. {, Sabinus frater €2403(01031) lulus Scapulafrater 1994.1357 luius Sceptus Admet Aug. ib, Hb, Mv Aug(ustas) 2097 (6685) fulus ©. f. Tro, Sceptus fi, C2097(8585) lutis Secjundus) (miles?) 1Liug2100 Iulus Severus pontit(ex) (a. 137) €1933(01030) lus Stephanus ©9097 lulius Barcenei f. Theodorus mil. coh. tI Cyrthestar(um) 194.1357 lulus (fem.) 1. Trumphals fi. C2097(8585) tulus Turbo fl Wlug2178 iuius €. 1. (Vjlens 13002 lulus Vestas (filus et lib) C2371 (92328/125) funia lucunda 1Liug2047 lunia Rhine 614243 Tunius (..1fnus C2081 flundus Faustus Vivie et Aug. ILlug 2003 lunius lustus dec. col. Saloni. aed. vir pont 2081 lunitus Rufus [dom. Hleractea) ? vet leg. 12908, Quartus |u(vjentius missicius leg. X! €2037(8579) pxRErS Laalia uxor tLlug2210 Lala Crisis (coniuns) ILlug 2996(C3088 +3089) (Phavial Laalius T. t. Severus (cent) leg. i Cyr. C2038 [Lieppia (2) AL...] coniunx C9049 Loreia [... 08902 Licinia M. f Procula (patruus) WLluget82 Licinius tLiugee2 Licinius tLlug2182 Licinius Mf. Dignus (patruus) ILiug2182 Licinius Era(stus? €9196(02137) Ligurius Tiianus frater ©2074 Liguria Procila quae et Albucia C2074 Lolia Basia coniurx C9097 Lola L. 1, Musa €2419 Lucia Rhodia (coniunx fib.) C8803 uci... 69205t~ ———_—_—_-——_ ROMAN COLONY L—Luciftius?) 1Llug2o69 {Lucius Vp..J 69204 (Lucretia) Firmila ib. C2041 (Lucretia) Tyche lib, 62401 C. —Lueretius domo Verona signif, leg. Vil 6. p. f 2040 C. —Lueretius domo Verona vet. leg. Vil C. p. £ C2041 (Lucretius) Chrestus fib. C2040 (Lucretius) Primus (flivs?) 62040 (Lucretius) Provincial flius C2041 L.—Lupulanus Lybius coniunx ¢2424 sia Rufin(a) (mater?) C9717 [Tragurium) (PLullatia [612825 Lutatia Veneria mater C8739 Lufttius (Frmus C1282 Lufftius Resttutus (..2 C9211 Maeclus Maximus coniunx C2085 Maec{us| Valentinus) Salonitanus amicust933.156 (Crotona) Mammius Quarto (coniunx) C2617 ©. Manticus C. . Scaptia mil. leg. VII. p. f. tlug 2092 Maria Coe Balbini (ib.2) parens C2295 Maria C. |, Prepusa C2429 Maria Sp. 1. Quinta coniunx 69710 (Tragurium L. Marius Fortunatus mil. leg. Il F (rater) 62021 (p. 2135) eerr ©. Marius C. 1. Hermes 62429 LL Marius Paulus C1965 . —Matts Valens vet. lag. Vil C. p. f(patronus) 991.1291 [.. Mipicius Phjetus (coniunx) €14280(9267+9143) C.— Mummius (heres?) 1991.1291 Munata, Secunda coniunx €14277/2 Murcid(a) Maxima (coniunx) C1928(8517)(Epetium) L. Naevius L. |. Diogones mag. cal. sevir quing, 14249/4(8795+-2105) L._Nalsidus?} Dic... mag. conflegl quing. C8795 Q. — Nassius 0. f. Certus Draco aediis ivi id (fius) 2083 L.Nassius Phoebus Salontanus CXVIN1 (ipl. mi 270) L.Nass{qus Soteicus (amicus) 62131 Neria Pieris (coniunx) tLiug2600 (Sex Wigidus?.... C14816 Nonia Laci f. Maruliia mater C2125(8594) Novola[... (Conivns) C9708 Tragurium] Novia Lepida uxor C2443(p.2135) Novius Persicus C2511 MM, Numferus .. 1Lug2568(4327) Numonia Maxima fl C3082 [ssa] Obutronia Corinthia C2294 Obutronia L. L. Romana (cJoniunx C14278/1 A. Ofbjultroynfus ? C1944 L.Obutfronius ...02445 Obutfonius ..JLlug 2569(588) Obutronius Berylus C1939 Srl Obuveis Deleter €300(0 1646) Brat Lo Oclat(us) Hyginus coniuny 199.1359 Oot...J 09243, z4zro repzoe 10 Octavia Thalusa arbiter C2449 Octavius ...C3083 [Issa] Octavius 63083 Issa] Octavius [...] 63083 flssa] Octavius [...] 9244 Octavius M. t. Tro, {....] C2447 ‘Octavius [[Cle2Imens ILlug2568(3892) Octavius T. f. Vel Hister vet. leg. XI C. p. & contubernais 9709 [Tragurur) Octavius Mammianus nepos C2617 Octavius Nf...] ©3083 (Issa) Octavius Nardus adfinis C2617 Octavius Pudes ILiug2239 (Solenta) Ociiavius Pullus C3111 [Solentia] Octavius C. |, Rufus 69246 Octavius Pull, Rufus (coniunx et pater) ILiug2940 Oppia Sex. | Sura mater 614316 (Tragurium Oppius Dina pater C1436 [Tragurium) Oppius Rutus 14316 (Tragurium) Oppius Vivianus amicus €2475(8635) Orbia Slokx. f. Paulla (i) C8797 Orbis [Paullus Mllvir pater C8797 Orbius Prlaecloninus pont. frater C8797 Orchivius Amemptus decur(o) (fi) C2082 Orchivia Phoebe mater C2082 Osulnia lucunda coniunx et ib.C14280(0267+8143) Plajenia Plt... C2445 Papinia tala uxor (C8970) Papinia Reddita lib. heres C2458 Papinia Secundiniana C2458 Papinius Crescens fil C2458 Papira Claila fila C2083 Papira Islas 1994,1359 Papiria Metelica coniunx 1994.1358 Papiria Pyralis (hjospita C2013, Papiria Rhome fi C2083 Papiia Thasis 194.1359 Papirius Cladus coniunx 2083 Popirius Proculus filus C2083 Paplus (... 614824 Pasa Prima uxor C2004 Persius Etruscus (coniunx pater) C2443(92135) Persius Lepidus fl. C2443(p.2136) Pescennius L. f, Fal. Saturinus vet, leg. XI C. p. f. 9710 fTragurium) Petia. Secuncina coniunx €2066, Petius Mf. Martius) C8964 Petronia ucunda C2092 Petronia Paula soror iLiug 2159 Petronia Prothesis uxor C2092 Petronia Secunda mater ILlug2159 Petrofnius ... C8525 Petron... ILlug 2773(4686A) Petronius [J 9265 Petronius Cio Iiltlvir C2097a Petronius Dasius Iililvir C2097a Poltonius A. f, Trolm. Postjumus aedilis) fllus cas77 Pletronius C. f. Rufus tiv C8525 Pinaria C. Nb. (...] Llug2280102 SI Pinarlus Eros C8668 Pinarius Scarpus (vet. leg. Vil patronus 1Llug2280 Piotus L. fil Bassus C2470 Plotus (cent) feg. Vil C. p. f patronus ILlug2601 Plotius) Primigeniu(s) lb. ILlug260t Pomponia Phitumina mater ILlug2620 Pompo.. (22x) ILlug 2568(3481) Pomponius Extricatus C2475(8635) Pompo(nius) L. *. Hav(e?) ILlug 2568(4033) Pomponius Paulus (flius) C2476 Pomponius Pietas (coniunx) C9418 (2609, 296492261) Pomponius Restutus ILiug2774 Pomponius Valentinus ILiug2774 Ponponia Sex. f.Terta (mater) 13970 [Tragurum} Pontienfa| Cale (mater) C2483 Pontienus Suavis fil C2483 Pontius Gn. f. (bilingual) C3076 (Issa) (Pojiia ILiug2773(4000A) (Pontius 1Llug2773(40008) (Popilius (Lug2773(40008) Poppia Maximilla (2) mater C2615 Praeciius Clemens lulanus pont. quing. flamen patronus col. pp. praet. castr. Leg. V Maced. 8753(202891030) Publicia) Epictesis (coliberta) ILiug2018 Publcia Gorge coniun C2497 Publicia Inventa fil, C2497 Publcius L. 1. Trophimus 2497 Publics laso patronus C2497 Pubficius) Pa(}roclus collibertus ILlug2019 Publicius Tauro fi, C2497 Pulia C. f. Surisca C2675 (Tragurium) Quintia mater ILlug 2095; Quintus Proculus 14272/2 Raeciu(s] Liccaius €15101 [Solenta) Rubrius Tt. Alba (fis?) C2680 (Tragurtum) Rubrius T. |. Philonomus Iilvir C2680 (Tragurum) Rustius Picen(s] tr. mil. praet. eq. C10094 [Pharia] Pata ...] C9711 [Tragurium) Puta Festa? C9711 [Tagurium} Sabinus Tf. Fab. domo Sebaste vete. leg. Vil 2088 S(a)enius Creticus 62596(8643) Safinius Filucinus 1Llug2052 Sallustia L. |... C2099 (Galustus?) vir C2099 Satria Euphrosyne coniunx IL1ug682 Satria Valentina fil 1Llug682 Satrius Florus fil. 1Llug682 Satrius M. |. Valens Vivir (coniumy) ILiug682 Saufeia Ide mater C13291 Saufeia Mamaea mater C10112 [Brat] Sjaufei(s J pater 014844 Saufelius ILlug2568(2638) Saufelus 613291 Sauffius ..,frator?) C9324 Saufeius Moderatianus C8803 Saufeius Moderatus Augustalis) (fil) heres C8803 Saufelus Thalamus (fi.) heres C8803 ROMAN COLONY Mienius) Saufeius Valentinus (fi) C10112 Brata] © rec Two Sauteius Valetinus filus C10115 (Bratt Sei(us) (2) C8697 Selia M. |. Chia Iiug2759 Seppiena Philomena lip. mater C2523(8642) Seppiena Restituta 02523(8642) Septumius Secundus 14672 Servila M. t. Copisila 13903 Servilia Eleut(h)eio 614286 Servius L. 1. Fronto C14286 Servius Copiensis Pacuvianus pater C2049 Servius Pt. Ser(gia) Dalmasivs €3079(92328/ 175) Servius Mf, Palat. Pacuvianus aed. praet. coh, | Morinorum (f.) C2049 Sextiia Secundin(a) coniunx C2530 Sextus: Marullus ILlug2001 Sextus Saturninus frater C2615 Sil....? 1ug2092 Silcius (Tertus iltvir Aug. coloniae Salontaojorum {coniunx) C8804 Silcus (..] Frmus fi, (Lug? Silicius Telelus (pater) ILlug?15 Silvas Spe(rtus) cent. coh. | Belg. curagens thea) (63096 {Bratt Sornius C...] mi. o(oh.) Vil Vol. fi, 68757 Sossius C. |. Pholomusus 62531 Sossius C. |. Severus arbiter C2531 Stalia Calihoe uxor €9707(2676) [Tragurium) Stalius Secuncus Vivir Aug. (Coniunx) 69707(2676) {Tragurium Stataria Tur ¢. ILlug2787 (Tragurum Stata ...] mater ILlug2149 Stata Zosime wvor 613948 Statilius L. 1. Seoundus Salonas veteran, Aug. ovia2895 ‘Status ILlug2568(3935) Statius [..] C1348 Status M. ib, Pal. [.. C14249/3 Status] M. fib. Pal. Vivir item dec. col. Sal. G14249/ 3 Status Pf. Ma(o(cia)] aed. lie fam. Divi Vesp. cr3gi0(12918+-13907) Status Pt Crt..] C2699 Status L. f. Facula quing, 1954 Status Faustinus maritus ¢14861/1 Status Marcellus ILlug2936(C3087 +3088) (Pharia] Statius Marcelinus pater iLiug2996(3087 +3088)(Phara} Statius Pf. Sleler. C2699 Statius Sivinus pater C10115 (Bratta} Statius Lf. Venetus (parens) C14333/7 Statorus Festus ILlug682 [Stertna Liug2568(6195) Tadius) Proculus fiius C2544 Tadius C.f. Severus) abducts a latronibjus) conium 2544 Tadusius Quartio (avus) ILiug2020 Tadusus) Sabinus ILiuge0z0 Taurus Marcelinus C8753(202891010)PE rze ea cer ores eer 0° prer sDess ROMAN COLONY Terentia tLlug2052 Teta.) C2699 Terentia Hals coniurx C9098 Terentia} M. f. Te..} C8719 Cragurum Terenttius) Seleuciafnus) 1Lug2198 Terentius) Valefotinus) C8719 (Tregurum) Tetionius Tf. Sie. Pansa vet. leg. x1 C. p. f 68758(2054) Thorus Valens C8681 Tiburtus Campester (pater) C2559 Tiisenus Caricus (conservus) C9362 Thisenus Convictoranus dec. col. Salon. sacerd (pater) 2055 Titisenus Valentinus (cent) teg. fl. C2055 Tita Firmina (coniunx) C14861/1 Titla Lf, Procula €14288/1 Tits} Argyrus lib. C6378 Tiius M. f. Slergia domo Isinda eques leg. Vil iLuge200 Tiius?) Lisonis f. Longinus 06426 Titus C. 1. Vel Primus aed, ivr i. d. 06378 Titius Resttutus amicus locum donavit C2022 Tossia Primig(enia] fi. Liug2200 Tossia C. |. Thalassia} (mater) ILivg2200 Tos(s)ius ©. f. [J pater ILlug2200 Trebius L.f, veter. 06383 Trebius L. f. Exoratus C6383 Trebonia Tertula soror C8760 Trebonius Constans ‘il, C8760 Tiebonius Successus lib. C8760 Teborius Valons mil, lag. Vil C. p. f. (patronus) 8760 (Mremetius Lepidus tLiug2602 Trosis] Magnus. C8805 Tula Intuma mater 62083 Tuppils (..] (fis?) ¢2383(8827) Turrania (Valentina (fia?) 69342 {Tujranius (Clemens Lug2740 Turranius Cronus ivr August. C8675 Turfranius?} Diontysius”) 1Liug2568(3950) Turranius 7. Verus aediis Scardonae filus C2086 Ubpia Daphne. mater ILlug715 Ulpia C. {. Prima (fia) C2615 Ulpia Procula vernacula C1998 Utpius ...patronus C8673, Uipius .--C9041 (12840p2328/126) Uiptius) Alexander Aug. ib. ab auctorta(tbus rationum hereditatium?) C1998 Uip(us) Alexan(der) lib. C1998 Uip(us)Asiato(us) fi. C1998 Uiptius) Germanus (coniunx) ILluga742 Ulpius C. {, Quartinus pater C2615 Ulpius WLI, Sabinus eq(uo} p(ublico) dec. col. Sal lvir i. praet. bis coll. fabr. et cent. !Liug2109 Urp(us) Theodor(us) ib. C1998 Utius Sp. f.1Liug2203 Utius ‘rater ILiug2203 Uttedius Sallubianus C. Petlius Amandus domo Iguvio vet. leg. Xilll Gem. decurio colon. Salontan quaestorpontifici C2066 ee 9rx Ch, Cn, eee earA pees 103 Valeria P[...J C2570 Valeria Quinta tip. 19911280 Valerius] C2570 Vallerus C9376 Valerus heres 1991.1290 Vallerus)L. . Lemfonia} domo B{ononia) mi. leg -.614239/5(6761,12832) Valerius (...} (ib.) C2056 Valerius Q. f. Corn. Edessa mil leg. Vil 1991.1290 Valerius C. £ Claudia) Marcellus) mi. coh, C2057 Valles) Max{... C2574 Valerus ©. f Restiutus tater C2131 Valerius C. |, Resttutus negotiator vinarius pater 2131 Valerius vet, leg. XI patronus C2056 Valerius Rf, Rufus C6373(8654) Valius Festus condtor huius vineae huis loc qui ‘une Vaianus a Festo dicitur C6423 ‘Varius L. 1. Sergia [...] domo Aug. Prasto(ria) [] leg. XI. p.f. (cent) coh [Volunt?ILtugzo9@ Varius Atticus (amious) 62344 Varius Laetus fi? TLiug2o9@ Varius L. 1 Ver... vir Augusfalisy} 62101 Valinia Felicula i. C8764 Vatinius Sex. f, Capito vet. leg. Vil, p. f. domo Arreti(o) C8764 Vegnonius. vet. leg. ll djomo Florentia) C9712 {Tragurium ‘Veiedius luvenalis (coniunx) C9392 Velecius Cn. f, Maximus (fh) €9992 Vetta |.) coniunk €2102(8587) Vetta Agape (coniunx) C2104(8588) Vetivs: Augustalis decurio colon. Salon, quaestor aediis iriure dic. C2087 Vettius August(ais) €2102(8587) Voltvs L. f Ser(ga) Catuus ivr id. (post a. 98) Vetus T. |. Fortunatus Aug(ustais) C2104(8588) Vetus. Hospes mil. cohorts Camp(anae). domo Suessa 0142461 Vibjus? ¢9402 Vibius Leo liv (marits) C8806 Vibius C. f. Pornttina) Pudes domo Aneto} (cent) leg. Vil. p. 1. C2678(9699) (Tragurium) Vilius Sextiius domo Aquikia ILug2279 Viptsania} tLlug2198 Vipsania Surita fi. 3084 (Phara] Vitoria C. et M. L Severa C2429 Volsia Pyralis C2617 Volsius Pyramus fil C2617 Volsius Saturinus fi. C2617 Vous. 614281 \Volusus Eubemerus colbertus Vivir Aug. C8807(3195b) Volusius Primigenius Vivir C8807(3195) Volusius Primigenius fl. 68807(3195a) Volusius Respects] 14876 Violusius (Riestifutus ..014875,