t

0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
25
30
35
40

f(t)
17.9
21.2
28.3
31.2
36.1
41.7
48.9
50.9
58.1
62.8
66.5
72.1
78.5
83.9
86.9
91.5
96.0
103.6
107.7
110.6
117.8

f(t) est
17.2
22.2
27.2
32.2
37.2
42.2
47.2
52.2
57.2
62.2
67.2
72.3
77.3
82.3
87.3
92.3
97.3
102.3
107.3
112.3
117.3
142.3
167.4
192.4
217.4

Dev
-0.7
1.0
-1.1
1.0
1.1
0.5
-1.7
1.3
-0.9
-0.6
0.7
0.2
-1.2
-1.6
0.4
0.8
1.3
-1.3
-0.4
1.7
-0.5

250.0

200.0

150.0

f(t)
100.0

50.0

0.0
0

r2

a1
a0
5.006623 17.18139
0.0397 0.464115
0.998807
1.10164
15903.81
19
19301.03
23.0586

10

15

20

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

t
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
25
30
35
40

f(t)
0.49
0.85
1.18
1.51
1.85
2.14
2.33
2.71
2.81
3.13
3.33
3.37
3.54
3.76
3.81
3.87
3.94
4.00
4.07
4.03
4.13

Unhide columns --->

f(t) est
Dev
0.49
0.00
0.85
0.00
1.20
0.02
1.53
0.02
1.83
-0.02
2.12
-0.02
2.39
0.06
2.63
-0.08
2.86
0.05
3.07
-0.06
3.26
-0.07
3.43
0.06
3.58
0.04
3.71
-0.05
3.82
0.01
3.91
0.04
3.98
0.04
4.03
0.03
4.06
-0.01
4.07
0.04
4.06
-0.07
3.72
2.89
1.57
-0.24

t2
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
25
30
35
40

0
1
4
9
16
25
36
49
64
81
100
121
144
169
196
225
256
289
324
361
400
625
900
1225
1600

4.50
4.00
3.50
3.00
2.50

f(t)

2.00
1.50
1.00
0.50
0.00
0
-0.50

a2
-0.009844
0.000311
r2
0.99854
6157.045
26.7383

a1
0.375499
0.006445
0.046598
18
0.039084

a0
0.488035
0.027814
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A

10

0
0

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

t
0
2
4
6
8
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
100
105
110

f(t)
4.20
0.98
-1.04
-2.24
-2.88
-3.15
-2.94
-2.23
-1.46
-0.79
-0.27
0.12
0.40
0.60
0.73
0.82
0.88
0.92
0.95
0.97
0.98

Unhide columns --->

f(t) est
Dev
4.20
0.00
0.98
0.00
-1.04
0.00
-2.24
0.00
-2.88
0.00
-3.15
0.00
-2.94
0.00
-2.23
0.00
-1.46
0.00
-0.79
0.00
-0.27
0.00
0.12
0.00
0.40
0.00
0.60
0.00
0.73
0.00
0.82
0.00
0.88
0.00
0.92
0.00
0.95
0.00
0.97
0.00
0.98
0.00
0.99
0.99
1.00
1.00

f1
f2
exp(-0.25*t)
t*exp(-0.1*t)
1.00000
0.00000
0.60653
1.63746
0.36788
2.68128
0.22313
3.29287
0.13534
3.59463
0.08208
3.67879
0.02352
3.34695
0.00674
2.70671
0.00193
2.05212
0.00055
1.49361
0.00016
1.05691
0.00005
0.73263
0.00001
0.49990
0.00000
0.33690
0.00000
0.22477
0.00000
0.14873
0.00000
0.09772
0.00000
0.06383
0.00000
0.04148
0.00000
0.02684
0.00000
0.01729
0.00000
0.01111
0.00000
0.00454
0.00000
0.00289
0.00000
0.00184

5.00
4.00
3.00
2.00
1.00

f(t)

0.00
-1.00
-2.00
-3.00
-4.00
0

a2
-1.200016
0.0003792
r2 0.9999985
5986181
64.582827

a1
3.2022278
0.0020452
0.0023226
18
9.71E-005

a0
0.9994934
0.0007428
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A

5.00
4.00
3.00
2.00
1.00

f(t)

0.00
-1.00
-2.00
-3.00
-4.00
0

20

40

60

80

100

120

120

1st Order System

Given Data & Manipulated Form
A = T - T0 =
t

T
0
1
2.5
5
8
10
15
30

Final

75
107
140
205
244
282
328
385

325.000
ln[1 - (T-T0)/A]
0.000
-0.104
-0.223
-0.511
-0.734
-1.013
-1.507
-3.076

400

Allow a non-zero intercept

9.74
Slope
Intercept
-0.103
0.0216
0.001
0.02
r
0.9991
0.03
6846.085
6.00
7.190
0.01
Force a zero intercept
=
9.85
Slope
Intercept
-0.101
0.0000
0.001 #N/A
r
0.9994
0.03
11580.285
7.00
13.610
0.01

Model Estimates
=
9.74
9.85
t
Est T
Est T
0
75
75
1
107
106
2
135
135
3
161
160
4
184
183
5
205
204
6
224
223
7
242
240
8
257
256
9
271
270
10
284
282
11
295
294
12
305
304
13
314
313
14
323
322
15
330
329
16
337
336
17
343
342
18
349
348
19
354
353
20
358
357
21
362
361
22
366
365
23
369
369
24
372
372
25
375
374
26
377
377
27
380
379
28
382
381
29
383
383
30
385
385
50
398
398
100
400
400
150
400
400

Page 8

400
375
350
325
300
275

T (F) 250
225
200
175
150
125
100
75
0

10

1st Order System

400
375
350
325
300
275

T (F) 250
225
200
175
150

Data

125

Column G

Column F

100
75
0

10

20

30

40

50

60

t (sec)

Page 9

70

80

90

100

1st Order System NLR

Given Data
t
0
1
2.5
5
8
10
15
30

T
75
107
140
205
244
282
328
385

Model T
75
105
145
200
251
278
326
386
(Dev)

Dev
0
-2
5
-5
7
-4
-2
1
125.361

Page 10

Model Estimates
T - T0 =
329.74
Kp =
1.00
=
10.46
t
Est T
0
75
1
105
2
132
3
157
4
180
5
200
6
219
7
236
8
251
9
265
10
278
11
290
12
300
13
310
14
318
15
326
16
333
17
340
18
346
19
351
20
356
21
360
22
364
23
368
24
371
25
375
26
377
27
380
28
382
29
384
30
386
35
393
40
398
45
400
50
402
55
403
60
404

400
375
350
325
300
275

T (F) 250
225
200
175
150
125
100
75
0

10

1st Order System NLR

400
375
350
325
300
275

T (F) 250
225
200
175

Data

150

Column F

125

Column G
Non-Linear Regres s ion

100
75
0

10

20

30

40

t (sec)

Page 11

50

60

70

1st Order System Chart

400
375
350
325
Data

300

Column F
Column G

275

Non-Linear Regression

250

T (F)

225
200
175
150
125
100
75
0

10

20

30

t (sec)

Page 12

40

50

60

70

1 =
2 =
ti =
t
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
0.3
0.35
0.4
0.45
0.5
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
15
20
25
30

0.5
9
1.53
y(t)
0
0.000268
0.001037
0.002255
0.003877
0.005862
0.008172
0.010773
0.013636
0.016732
0.020036
0.060484
0.153238
0.241466
0.321123
0.392499
0.456382
0.513549
0.564705
0.610481
0.651443
0.800014
0.885257
0.934166
0.962228

Non-linear fit
y(t)
Deviation
#VALUE! #VALUE!
K=
=
#VALUE! #VALUE!
=
#VALUE! #VALUE!
#VALUE! #VALUE!
Deviation =
#VALUE! #VALUE!
#VALUE! #VALUE!
#VALUE! #VALUE!
P Control
Kc =
#VALUE! #VALUE!
#VALUE! #VALUE!
#VALUE! #VALUE!
PI Control
Kc =
#VALUE! #VALUE!
I =
#VALUE! #VALUE!
#VALUE! #VALUE!
#VALUE! #VALUE!
PID Control
Kc =
#VALUE! #VALUE!
I =
#VALUE! #VALUE!
D =
#VALUE! #VALUE!
#VALUE! #VALUE!
#VALUE! #VALUE!
#VALUE! #VALUE!
#VALUE! #VALUE!
#VALUE! #VALUE!
#VALUE! #VALUE!
#VALUE! #VALUE!
#VALUE! #VALUE!

1.000
2.121
2.239
#VALUE!

1.280702

0.935965
2.466394

1.513158
4.002664
0.683137

1
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
y(t)

0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
0

10

15
t

20

25

30

30

0.3

0.25

0.2

0.15
y(t)
0.1

0.05

-4.16333634234434E-017
0

0.5

1.5

-0.05
t

2.5

3.5

4.5

1 =
2 =
ti =
t
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
0.3
0.35
0.4
0.45
0.5
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
15
20
25
30

0.5
9
1.53
y(t)
0
0.000268
0.001037
0.002255
0.003877
0.005862
0.008172
0.010773
0.013636
0.016732
0.020036
0.060484
0.153238
0.241466
0.321123
0.392499
0.456382
0.513549
0.564705
0.610481
0.651443
0.800014
0.885257
0.934166
0.962228

y(t)
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.003507
0.056901
0.155276
0.243413
0.322376
0.39312
0.456502
0.513286
0.56416
0.60974
0.650575
0.799184
0.884964
0.934478
0.963059

Non-linear fit
Deviation
0
K=
=
-0.000268
td =
-0.001037
-0.002255
Deviation =
-0.003877
-0.005862
-0.008172
P Control
Kc =
-0.010773
-0.013636
-0.016732
PI Control
Kc =
-0.016529
I =
-0.003583
0.002039
0.001947
PID Control
Kc =
0.001253
I =
0.000621

=
0.000119
D
-0.000263
-0.000544
-0.000741
-0.000868
-0.00083
-0.000293
0.000312
0.000831

1.002
9.099
0.468
2.60E-005

19.7298

17.5406
1.407456

26.11235
1.127663
0.168641

1
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
y(t)

0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
0

10

15
t

20

25

30

30

1st Order & Dead Time Chart (1)

0.3

0.25

0.2

0.15
y(t)
0.1

0.05
Exact
Non-Linear Fit
-4.16333634234434E-017
0

0.5

1.5

-0.05
t

Page 20

2.5

3.5

4.5