PROBLEM 10.

61
Using the method of Section 10.8, solve Problem 10.31.

SOLUTION

AE = x = 2 ( 2l sin ) = 4l sin

Spring:

x0 = 4l sin 30 = 2l

Unstretched length:

s = x x0

Deflection of spring

s = 2l ( 2sin 1)
V =
=

1 2
ks + PyC
2
2
1
k 2l ( 2sin 1) + P ( l cos )
2

V = 2kl 2 ( 2sin 1) + Pl cos

2

dV
= 4kl 2 ( 2sin 1) 2cos Pl sin = 0
d

(1 2sin )

cos
P
+
=0
sin
8kl

2sin 1
P
=
8kl
tan

PROBLEM 10.61 CONTINUED

With
Have

P = 160 N, l = 200 mm,

(160 N )
8 ( 300 N/m )( 0.2 m )

2sin 1
tan

2sin 1 1
=
tan
3

or
Solving numerically,

k = 300 N/m

and

= 39.65

and

68.96

= 39.7
= 69.0

PROBLEMS 10.62 AND 10.63

10.62: Using the method of Section 10.8, solve Problem 10.33.
10.63: Using the method of Section 10.8, solve Problem 10.34.

SOLUTION

Problem 10.62
Have
Then

P = 150 lb, l = 15 in., and k = 12.5 lb/in.

(1 cos ) tan

150 lb
4 (12.5 lb/in.)(15 in.)

= 0.2

= 40.2

Solving numerically,
Problem 10.63

V =

1 2
ks + PyB
2

V =

1
2
k ( 2l xC ) + PyB
2

xC = 2l cos
Thus,

V =

and

yB = l sin

1
2
k ( 2l 2l cos ) Pl sin
2

= 2kl 2 (1 cos ) Pl sin

2

dV
= 2kl 2 2 (1 cos ) sin Pl cos = 0
d
or

(1 cos ) tan

P
4kl

PROBLEM 10.64
Using the method of Section 10.8, solve Problem 10.35.

SOLUTION

90 +
v = 2l sin

Spring

v = 2l sin 45 +
2

Unstretched ( = 0 )
v0 = 2l sin 45 =

2l

s = v v0 = 2l sin 45 + 2l
2

Deflection of spring

V =

1 2
1

ks + Py A = kl 2 2sin 45 + 2 + P ( l sin )
2
2
2

dV

= kl 2 2sin 45 + 2 cos 45 + Pl cos = 0

2
2
d

2sin 45 + 2 cos 45 + 2 2 cos 45 + 2 = kl cos

cos 2 cos 45 + = cos

2 kl

Divide each member by cos

cos 45 +
2
P

1 2
=
kl
cos

PROBLEM 10.64 CONTINUED

Then with P = 150 lb, l = 30 in. and k = 40 lb/in.

cos 45 +
2
150 lb

1 2
=
cos
( 40 lb/in.)( 30 in.)
= 0.125

or
Solving numerically,

cos 45 +
2

= 0.618718
cos

= 17.83

PROBLEM 10.65
Using the method of Section 10.8, solve Problem 10.36.

SOLUTION
Using the results of Problem 10.64 with P = 600 N, l = 800 mm, and k = 4 kN/m , have

cos 45 +
P
2

=
1 2
kl
cos
=

600 N
( 4000 N/m )( 0.8 m )

= 0.1875

or
Solving numerically,

cos 45 +
2

= 0.57452
cos

= 30.985

= 31.0

PROBLEM 10.66
Using the method of Section 10.8, solve Problem 10.38.

SOLUTION

VSP =

Spring

1 2
kyC
2

yC = d AC tan

where

VSP =

d AC = 15 in.

1 2
kd AC tan 2
2
VP = PyP

Force P :

yP = r

where

r = 3 in.

VP = Pr
V = VSP + VP

Then

1 2
kd AC tan 2 Pr
2

dV
2
= 0: kd AC
tan sec2 Pr = 0
d

Equilibrium
or

( 4 lb/in.)(15 in.)2 tan sec2 ( 96 lb )( 3 in.) = 0

or

3.125 tan sec 2 1 = 0

Solving numerically,

= 16.4079

= 16.41

PROBLEM 10.67
Show that the equilibrium is neutral in Problem 10.1.

SOLUTION

yA = u

We have

yD = 4.5u
yG = 2.5u
Have

V = ( 300 N ) y A + (100 N ) yD + P ( yE ) = 0
V = 300u + 100 ( 4.5u ) + P ( 2.5u ) = 0
V = ( 150 + 2.5P ) u
dV
= 150 + 2.5P = 0 so that
du

Substitute P = 60 N in expression for V:

P = 60 N

V = 150 + 2.5 ( 60 ) u

=0
V is constant and equilibrium is neutral

PROBLEM 10.68
Show that the equilibrium is neutral in Problem 10.2.

SOLUTION

Consider a small disturbance of the system so that  1

Have

5  15

xC = xD ,

or

Potential energy

V = M QxE + PyG

where

xE = (10 in.)
10
= in.
3

and

yG = 4 2 in. cos 45

PROBLEM 10.68 CONTINUED

Then

V = M

10
4
Q + P
3
3

10
4

= M + Q + P
3
3

and

For equilibrium

dV
10
4
=M Q+ P
d
3
3
dV
10
4
= 0: M Q + P = 0
3
3
d

At equilibrium, V = 0, a constant, for all values of .

Hence, equilibrium is neutral
Q.E.D.

PROBLEM 10.69
Two identical uniform rods, each of weight W and length L, are attached
to pulleys that are connected by a belt as shown. Assuming that no
slipping occurs between the belt and the pulleys, determine the positions
of equilibrium of the system and state in each case whether the
equilibrium is stable, unstable, or neutral.

SOLUTION
Let each rod be of length L and weight W. Then the potential energy V is

V = W sin + W cos 2
2

Then

dV
W
=
L cos WL sin 2
2
d
For equilibrium

dV
W
= 0:
L cos WL sin 2 = 0
2
d
or

cos 2sin 2 = 0

Solving numerically or using a computer algebra system, such as Maple, gives four solutions:

= 1.570796327 rad = 90.0

= 1.570796327 rad = 270
= 0.2526802551 rad = 14.4775
= 2.888912399 rad = 165.522
Now

d 2V
1
= WL sin 2WL cos 2
2
2
d

= WL sin + 2cos 2
2

PROBLEM 10.69 CONTINUED

At = 14.4775
d 2V
1

= WL sin14.4775 + 2 cos 2 (14.4775 )

2
d
2

= 1.875WL ( < 0 )

= 14.48, Unstable

At = 90
d 2V
1

= WL sin 90 + 2 cos180
2
d 2

= 1.5WL ( > 0 )

= 90, Stable

At = 165.522
d 2V
1

= WL sin165.522 + 2 cos ( 2 165.522 )

2
d
2

= 1.875WL ( < 0 )

= 165.5, Unstable

At = 270
d 2V
1

= WL sin 270 + 2 cos 540

2
d
2

= 2.5WL ( > 0 )

= 270, Stable

PROBLEM 10.70
Two uniform rods, each of mass m and length l, are attached to gears as
shown. For the range 0 180o , determine the positions of
equilibrium of the system and state in each case whether the equilibrium
is stable, unstable, or neutral.

SOLUTION

Potential energy

V = W cos1.5 + W cos
2
2

W = mg

dV
Wl
Wl
=
( 1.5sin1.5 ) + ( sin )
2
2
d

Wl
(1.5sin1.5 + sin )
2

d 2V
Wl
= ( 2.25cos1.5 + cos )
2
2
d
For equilibrium

dV
= 0: 1.5sin1.5 + sin = 0
d

Solutions: One solution, by inspection, is = 0, and a second angle less than 180 can be found numerically:

= 2.4042 rad = 137.8

Now

d 2V
Wl
= ( 2.25cos1.5 + cos )
2
2
d

PROBLEM 10.70 CONTINUED

At = 0:

d 2V
Wl
= ( 2.25cos 0 + cos 0 )
2
2
d

=
At = 137.8:

Wl
( 3.25) ( < 0 )
2

= 0, Unstable

d 2V
Wl
2.25cos (1.5 137.8 ) + cos137.8
=
2
2
d

Wl
( 2.75) ( > 0 )
2

= 137.8, Stable