D.C. MACHINES.

Working principle of D.C.Machine as generator and motor, constructional

features, EMF equation of generator and simple problems, back emf and torque
equation of DC motors, simple problems, types of DC motors, characteristics and
applications, necessity of starter, 3-point starter.
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A machine which works on direct current is defined as a D.C.Machine.
D.C.Machines are of two types. (i) D.C.Generator and (ii) D.C.Motor.
Sl.No.
1

D.C. Generator
Definition:
A generator is a rotating
machine which converts
mechanical energy into
electrical energy
Principle:
Whenever a coil is rotated
in a magnetic field an
e.m.f. will be induced in
this coil
and is given by
e=BlvSin volts/coil side
where, B=The flux density
in Tesla, l=the active length
of the coil side in meters,
v=the velocity with which
the coil is moved in
meters/sec and is the
angle between the direction
of the flux and the
direction of rotation of the
coil side.
The direction of the emf
induced is fixed by
applying the Flemings
right hand rule

D.C.Motor
Definition:
A motor is a machine which
converts electrical energy into
mechanical energy
Principle:
Whenever a current coil is
placed under a magnetic field
the coil experiences a
mechanical force, and is given
by F= BIlSin Newtons/coil
side.
Where, I is the current through
the coil in ampere.

The direction of the force

acting is fixed by applying the
Flemings left hand rule.

CONSTRUCTION OF A D.C.MACHINE.
Salient parts of a D.C.machine are:
Field system (poles)
Coil arrangement (armature)