King Abdulaziz University

Faculty of Engineering
2015
Section: C5

Introduction to Engineering Design-1 (IE201)

Assignment L3-a
Team 1 (Elite)
1) Allah Mohammad Ibrahimi
2) Ghassan Mohammed
3) Sefatullah Omar Khan
4) Ammar Ali Al-Ammari
5) Hani Mubarak Alghamdi
6) Anas Ali Aumara

(1414316)
(1414800)
(1414314)
(1414555)
(1409833)
(1406960)

Instructor Name

Dr Ghaffer Kiani

Team Email
Elite_team1@hotmail.com

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Team: 1
Section: C5

Date: 15/November/15
Assignment: L3-a

Abstract
The main and important points for students in this course are to learn how to
define the real problem and how to solve it, also to perform a good project at the
end of the semester. According to those points this assignment is very important
and essential, because here is the place where we can practice how to define a real
problem and how to solve it. Also, this assignment is the beginning of doing the
project. In this assignment we used few steps and techniques that we studies in our
IE201 course. First of all we made a questionnaire with 13 questions to gather
information for defining the real problem. We used the survey method to collect the
data. After collecting the data, we organized the information in Ms Excel through
graphs and charts to analyze the data easily. After the survey we viewed the
problem first hand. In this part we discussed the causes of lack of awareness about
safety and frequent accidents. Next, we talked with two experts, Abdullah Al-Harthy
and Dr Mohammed Al-Ghamdi, to confirm the findings that we collected. After these
steps we used two techniques to reach to the heart of the problem. First, we used
Present State/Desired State where we treated with the problems generally at the
beginning and then we made them more specific by going in depth and adding more
details until we reached to the proper problem statements. After that, we created
two Duncker Diagrams, where we created general, functional and specific solutions
for the problems we got from Present State/Desired State. At the end, we proceed to
the last step, where every individual brainstormed and generated 10 ideas about
our project, and then we applied a Multi-Voting technique to come up with the top 6
artifacts.

Work
In the beginning, to define this problem, some techniques which was learned
from Ie201 course will be used. Gather information by doing some steps: 1-collect
and analyze information and data. 2-talk with people familiar with the problem. 3View the problem first hand. 4-conform all key findings. Then, the problem will be
defined by using the Present State/Desired State process, the
Statement/Restatement Process, and Dunker Diagram. Finally, generating the
artifacts by doing some steps: brainstorming, boggle method, modified multi voting.

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Step 1: Gathering Information

Gathering information and research are the first steps in defining a problem.
The more you know about a situation the higher your chances of successfully
defining the problem is. In this step, we made the questionnaire items carefully and
we distributed it to people in our society. Also, Google Drive form was used to made
online survey. The questionnaire items are shown below in table 1. The information
were collected from 50 participants. Then the information were analyzed by using
MS-Excel 2010 and findings were made. After that, interviews were conducted with
experts in safety field to confirm our information that are gotten from questionnaire
and online survey. Finally, the key findings were confirmed all. At the end Reference
of data, facts and figures are checked.

Survey questionnaire
Table 1: The Questionnaire Form
King Abdul-Aziz University

Introduction to Engineering Desige

Faculty of engineering

Team: 1

Nothing is as important as safety. We are conducting a survey about "Safety". We

would like to know your opinion. Please help us by answering the following
questions.
1) What is your gender?
A) Male
B) Female
2) How old are you?
A) 15 - 25
B) 26 35

C) 36 45

3) Your current occupation?

A) Employee
B) Student

C) Unemployed

D) More than 46

4) How do you see the importance of safety in your life?

A) More important
B) Important
C) Less important

D) Not important

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5) In your view, What are the places that lack of safety in your region?
(You may choose more than one):
A) Schools
B) Universities
C) transportation
D) Houses
E) Factories
6) Have you seen any accidents before? (i.e. fire)
A) Yes
B) No
7) Do you have any safety equipment with yourself when you go out?
A) Always
B) Usually
C) Sometime
D) Rarely
E) Never
8) How do you describe the awareness of people in your region about safety?
A) Very high
B) High
C) Neutral
D) Low
E) Very low
9) In general, How much is the cost of safety equipment?
A) Very high
B) High
C) Neutral
D) Low

E) Very low

10) Which one of these situations is the most common in your region?
A) Drowning
B) Fire C) Floods D) Electrical shock
E) Falling from high
places
F) Getting stuck somewhere (i.e. elevator)
11) Rate the safety level in your region?
A) Highest

B) High

C) Neutral

D) Low

E) Lowest

12) If your rate is neutral, low or lowest. What is the cause to form your
opinion?
A) Lack of safety equipment
E) No, my rate is good

B) Lack of awareness

C) Neutral

D) Low

13) Suggest some ideas to improve safety in your life.

We appreciate your help and participating in our survey

Thank you..

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Findings
After receiving the participations of the survey, they were analyzed by using
Microsoft Excel 2010 and presented the findings in graphs to make them readable
and understandable. The graphs and findings are shown below and discussed in
more details.

Gender

Age
25
20
15

29.40%
Male

10

Age

Female
70.60%

5
0
15 - 25 26 - 35 36 - 45 More
than
46

Figure 1

Figure 2

As we show in the figure 1 and 2, we found 70.6 % of participants are male and
29.4 % are female. Also from different ages persons.

Current occupation

Unemployed
24%

Employee
23%

Student
53%

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Figure 3

We see in figure three about current occupation 53% of participants are

students. Also 23% are employed. However, 24% are unemployed most of them are
female.

Importance of safety in your life

Most important

Important

Less important

Not important

0% 0%

38%
62%

Figure 4

Nothing is important as safety. As we see in figure four 32 from participants

think the safety is the most important in them life. 18 think it is important. On the
hand no one think it is less or not important.

PLACES THAT LACK OF SAFETY IN YOUR

REGION

5.90%

13.20%

26.50%

25%

29.40%

Places that lack of safety in your region

SCHOOLS

TRANSPORTATION

HOUSES

FACTORIES

UNIVERSITIES

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Figure 5

The accidents are occurring in different places. According to figure five 29% of
the participants said transportations are lack of safety. The exactly 27% said houses
are lack of safety. 25% said schools are lack of safety. In factories 13% said they lack
of safety and 6% said universities.

Have you ever seen

any accidents before

Having safety
equipment

Figure 6

Never

Rarely

Usually

Always

No

Having any
safety
equipment
with yourself
when you go
out

Sometime

Yes

100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%

Figure 7

According to figures 6 and 7, 64.7% of participants have seen accidents. Because

most of participants dont have safety equipment. As we show in figures there is a
relationship between rate of accidents and having safety equipment.

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AWARENESS OF PEOPLE ABOUT SAFETY

Very low
6%

Very high
High
3%
12%

Low
32%

Neutral
47%

Figure 8

In figure 8, 47% of participants think peoples awareness about safety is

neutral. 32% think it is low and 6% very low. However, 12% of participants think
the awareness is high and 6% think it is very high.

Cost of safety equipment

Low

Neutral

20

High

18

Very high

5
0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Cost of safety equipment

Figure 9

According to figure 9, some participants said the cost of safety equipment is

neutral. Exactly, 18 persons said it is high and 5 persons said it is very high.
However, 8 persons said it is low.

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The most common situation in your region

Floods

Drowning

Electricalshock

Fire

18

Getting stucksomewhere

12
0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

The most common situation in your region

Figure 10

Most of participants think fire accidents are common in their region. Figure 10
show participants rate of the safety. Exactly 18% said fires. 12% said getting stuck
somewhere. Also, 9% said drowning accidents are common. 7% said electrical shock
and 4% said floods.

YOUR RATE OF THE SAFETY IN YOUR REGION

Lowest
6%
Highest
3%

Low
51%

High
6%

Neutral
34%

Figure 11

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As shown in figure 11, we found 51.4% of participants think the rate of safety in
the region is low and 5.7% think is lowest. Also, 34.3% think it is neutral. However,
5.7% think it is high and 2.9% think it is very high.

The main reason of weakness of safety level

30
25
20
15
The main reason of weakness the
level of safety

10
5
0
Lack of
awareness

Lack of safety
equipment No, my rate is
good

Figure 12

Most of participants believe the main reason of weakness the level of safety is
lack of awareness. We see in figure 12, exactly 28% said lack of awareness is the
main reason. 19% believe the main reason is lack of safety equipment. However, 3
persons said the level of safety is good.

Experts with the Problem

The findings are done with experts who have dealt with safety problems.
Interviewed was conducted with two experts and talked to them about safety. The
first one is Abdullah Al Harthy. He is an employee in the Security and Safety Section
of the Civil Defense. The second one is Dr Mohammed Al-Ghamdi. He is specialized
in home safety.

1) Abdullah Al-Harthy
He is working with Civil Defense since 2008. He confirmed the results which
are found about the main reason about weakness of level of safety. He said The
main cause of accidents is lack of peoples awareness. The accident begin small but
people cannot deal with it because they do not know how. We try to increase
peoples awareness by using social media to deliver a messages for families and all
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members of civil society. Also, he told us the new security and safety management
which must apply in all iinstitutions include the following:
Ensure the application of safety requirements in the enterprise or
institution.
To ensure the security of the staff commitment to the instructions in the
enterprise or institution.
Ensure the effectiveness of the security measures at the facility or
institution.
This requires the pursuit of providing security and safety in time:
Prior to the danger: (risk prevention).
During the occurrence of risk: (protection at work).
After the occurrence of risk: (rescue and evacuation after the danger).
In the end of meeting, he said I advise everyone to increase his knowledge
about dealing with accidents to live safe live.

2) Dr Mohammed Al-Ghamdi
He is working in Al-Mustaqbal Hospital in Jeddah since 2011. The main reason
of accident was asked from him. He answered: I did a survey about safety in houses
five months ago. I found the main reason is lack of awareness. Most of people make
wrong decisions which lead them to large accident. Children are more exposed to
the dangers and accidents, especially in houses. So, we should learn how to live in a
safe life. We should attend the safety courses and learn how to face problems. In
addition, we should teach children the dangers and accidents which are probably
will face in the future. There are some additional common reasons for causes of
accidents from the Mohammed perception.
Taking Shortcuts: Every day decisions are made, hope it will make the job
faster and more efficient.
Starting a Task with an Incomplete Instructions: To do the job safely and
right the first time you need to complete information.
Mental Distractions from Work: Having a bad day at home and worrying about
it at work is a hazardous combination. Dropping mental guard can pull focus
away from safe work procedures.
Failure to Pre-Plan the Work: Being hasty in starting a task, or not thinking
through the process can be harm.

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 View the problem first hand

The main causes of accident was discussed as a real witness or from the side
which is seen. There are numerous reasons to be given for the causes of accident
and there are plenty types of accident. It can be a road accident, fire accident, fall
from height, being slipped, workplace accident and many more we can name it.
Eighty out of every hundred accidents are the fault of the person involved in the
incident. Unsafe acts cause four times as many accidents and injuries as unsafe
conditions. The common accidents which has been witnessed or have been covered
is road accidents. There are many views as follow:
Bad Roads: The conditions of roads are pathetic, with potholes on the road
and not to mention the cliff on the side with no good protection or railing.
Breaking Rule: drivers of vehicle whether it is motor bike or car are
breaking the traffic rule.
The Thrill to Race: Many youngsters are seen speeding on their bikes.

Confirm all key findings

In this step the information are checked and confirmed which was collected.
There have been done steps like conducting interviews with experts and familiar
individuals connected to the class of safety. Now the data and perceptions was
analyzed from the premise of What is the main reason of accidents.

Ensure the application of safety requirements in enterprises or institutions.

To ensure: the security of the staff's commitment to the instructions in the
enterprise or institution.
Taking Shortcuts: Every day decisions are made. Hope it makes the job
faster and more efficient. Shortcuts that reduce safety on the job are not
shortcuts, but an increased chance for injury.
Being over Confident: Confidence is a good thing Overconfidence is too
much of a good thing. it is an attitude that can lead to an improper procedures,
tools, or methods in your work. Any of these can lead to an injury.
Starting a Task with an Incomplete Instructions: To do the job safely and
right the first time. It is need to complete information.
Poor Housekeeping: When clients, managers or safety professionals walk
through work site, housekeeping is an accurate indicator of everyone's attitude
about quality, production and safety. Poor housekeeping creates hazards of all
types. A well maintained area sets a standard for others to follow.

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Ignoring Safety Procedures: Purposely failing to observe safety procedures

can endanger co-workers. Being "casual" about safety can lead to a casualty
Mental Distractions from Work: Having a bad day at home and worrying
about it at work is a hazardous combination. Dropping mental guard can pull
focus away from safe work procedures.
Failure to Pre-Plan the Work: Being hasty in starting a task, or not thinking
through the process can put you in harms way.

Step 2: Problem Definition

After we finished the first step in this assignment which is gathering
information, it must to be worked on defining the problem, and presenting the
solution with good quality. To achieve good quality of solutions make sure that
problems have been defined correctly. Most of people fall into defining the wrong
aspect of the problem. To avoid falling into that redefining the root problem these
techniques are being used. Present state and desired state technique, dunker
diagram and statement restatement technique. Using the information we obtained
from the previous step, so lets start these steps and try to define our problem.

Present State /Desired State Technique

Present state and desired state is a technique that help us to verbalize where
we are and where we want to go. We use it to determine our needs, present state,
and our goals, desire state. We have two important notes which are, first, it is
important that the present state statement match the desired state statement. So to
do that, it is necessary to present any concern that wrote in the present statement in
the desired statement. Secondly, the desired state should not contain solutions to
problems that are not in the present state. We will state the problem and try to
match the present state with the desired state.

First try,
Present states

Desired states

Lack of peoples awareness about

safety and frequent accidents

Peoples awareness about safety

and avoid accidents
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The Discussion: These two statements are match but did not tacking to the
heart of problem. So we have to cancel this trying because the two statements do
not get to the heart of the problems.

Second try,
Present states

Desired states

Lack of peoples awareness about

safety and frequent accidents

Try to peoples awareness by using

social media

The Discussion: These two statements are not match for important reason.
This reason is that the desired statements present a solution for the present
statement and this step will help people, and most people may not be applied. So we
have to cancel this trying.

Third try,
Present states

Desired states

Lack of peoples awareness about

safety and frequent accidents

Increase peoples awareness to

avoid accidents

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The Discussion: These two statements now match and the distinction between
them is sharp. So our problem is lack of people's awareness about safety and
frequent accident. And this problem is wanted to reach to this situation " peoples
awareness about safety and avoid accidents''. So our present and desired statements
are, Present statement is [lack of people's awareness about safety and frequent
accident] and desired statement is [increase people's awareness to avoid accidents].

Dunker Diagram
The next step after finishing Present State/Desired State is constructing a
Dunker Diagram. This procedure "helps obtain solutions that satisfy the criteria set
up by the Present State /Desired State statements. The unique feature of the Dunker
Diagram is that it points out ways to solve the problem by making it OK not to reach
the desired solution. Dunker Diagram will help a lot to create general, functional and
then specific solutions to the problem we are dealing with and to define the problem
correctly. At the end of this stage, we will understand the problem, which we are
dealing with deeply as well as define it correctly. This stage of problem definition
requires distinguishing between what should be written in the left side of Dunker
Diagram and what should be written in the right side, which will be shown in the
work of this stage. In this work, firstly, we are going to find a general solution to the
problem in hand. Second, we proceeded to find functional solutions without looking
at their feasibility. Finally, specific solutions take place when we foud out some
suggestions that implement the functional solutions.

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Many people are exposed to the

problems of fire

GenerSolutions
General Solutions

Make it ok not to call

the fire brigade

Call the fire brigade

Extinction
electricity

Functional
Solutions

The presence
of fire
brigade near
the house
Close the
electricity
when
completed

Open the
widows

A device
that sprays
water if
found
smoke

Buy a
small bag
for each
room fire

Specific
Solutions

Training of
fire brigade
access at the
time of the
fire
immediately

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Discussion of Dunker Diagram

This technique benefited us a lot in terms of finding some solutions for the
problem, which make it OK not to reach the desired state. We also learned how to
develop general solution and then create functional and specific solutions from it.
Dunker Diagram is divided to two sides: the left side which consists of solutions that
find out some ways to achieve the desired state, and the right side which includes
solutions for the problem, that make it OK not to reach the desired problem. In the
process of this technique, we started with the problem definition, which is '' Many
people are exposed to the problems of fire''

Statement-Restatement Technique
This step helps to evolve the problem statement to its most accurate
representation of the problem. In this step problem statements are written and then
used six problem statement triggers to rephrase and restate the problem in
different forms which will lead us to a definitive problem statement.

Trigger 1 (emphasize on different words and phrases), People arent aware about
safety to avoid from accidents.
Teachers dont inform students about safety.
There are no programs to show people damages that occurs after accidents.

Trigger 2 (term that has an explicit definition), People arent aware about safety to
avoid from accidents.
People arent stimulated to aware about safety.
Trigger 3 (opposite statement, positive to negative), People arent aware about
safety to avoid from accidents.
How the way could not be founded to not inform people about safety and frequent
accidents?
Dont use social media to inform people about safety.
Trigger 4 (change every to some, always to sometimes and vice versa),
People arent aware about safety and frequent accidents.
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People arent always aware about safety to avoid accident.

Trigger 5 (replacing persuasive words in the problem statement), People arent
aware about safety and frequent accidents.
People arent certainly aware about safety and frequent accidents.
Trigger 6 (words in the form of an equation), People arent aware about safety and
frequent accidents.
Accidents are directly proportional to the level of awareness about safety.
Accidents ~ level of awareness about safety.

Problem definition
According to all of these steps, the problem which is Lack of peoples awareness
about safety and frequent accidents" is defined by using five sentences which are,
1. The education system in Saudi Arabia does not put safety in his priorities.
2. The social media do not care about delivering messages for families about
the importance of safety.
3. There are not many courses about safety and how to face problems.
4. People do not know how to use the safety equipment in proper way.
5. Children do not read books about safety.

Step 3: generating the artifacts

Individual Brainstorming
One of the most famous techniques to generate ideas is brainstorming. We
used brainstorming method to find a number of ideas about the artifacts. Each
member brainstormed individually to produce ideas about the artifacts. In this step,
a list of all brainstorming ideas is formed in one table for all members. The result of
brainstorming is shown in Table2 on the next page.

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Table 2: Brainstorming Results of Artifacts.

No

Member 1
(Ibrahimi)

Member 2
(Ghassan)

Member 3
(Sefatullah)

Member 4
(Ammar)

Pollution
catcher

Shoes sensor

Pollution
catcher

Sensors in
swimming
pool.

A hole in
electronic
switch

Safe car seat

for baby

Obstacle
avoider

Sensor in
school
buses

Emergency
light

Camera to
see the blind
spot

Car seat for

children

Self-powered
door bell

Alert system
for child

Shoes have
sensor for
blinds
Device
reduces
speed of a
car

Wire loop
breaking
alarm

Fan has
sensor for
smoking

Parking
sensor

Face mask
fan

Android
password
based
remote door
opener
system

Gun safety
lock

Safety bus
seats

Car without
using fuel

Obstacle
avoider

Warning of
increased car
load

Home
security

Car without
using fuel

Alert device

Accurate
room
temperature

Camera in
car to see
blind spot

Voice
controlled

Charge
mobile app

Voice
controlled
robotic

Sensor
close gas
source

Phone cover

Radar

Car opening
by
fingerprint

Fan in bag

Ac power
system

Welding
device

Load
control
system

10

Home
security using
GSM
Opening of
car without
fingerprint

Member 5
(Hani)
Heads of
electricity
cables closed
by a phone
call

Member 6
(Anas)
Closing
everything
with door

Man machine
Detector of
sound
water leaking
generator
Automatic
circuit
breaking for
gas leakage
Automatic
speed
breaking
mechanism

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Discussion
At the end, there is a list of ideas about artifacts from each member. Firstly, we
were involved in Braindrizling that temporarily blocked our thinking, but we
overcome it in the end and continued the brainstorming. Now, after ideas are
generated. The next step was the boggle method that helped us delete the duplicate
ideas.

Boggle's Method
After, the collecting ideas about artifacts from each member of the team have been
finished by Brainstorming method, we are going to move into the second method that is
Boggle's Method. The goal of this method is to remove duplicated ideas generated by the
team members in the Brainstorming method. In Table 3, we will show the ideas with their
duplicates in the next page. After that, we will make a list of unique artifacts shown in Table
4.

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Table 3: Boggles method for artifacts.

No

Member 1
(Ibrahimi)

Member 2
(Ghassan)

Member 3
(Sefatullah)

Member 4
(Ammar)

Pollution
catcher.

Shoes sensor.

Pollution
catcher.

Sensors in
swimming
pool.

A hole in
electronic
switch.

Safe car seat

for baby.

Obstacle
avoider.

Sensor in
school
buses.

Emergency
light.

Camera to
see the blind
spot.

Parking
sensor

Face mask
fan to avoid
suffocation

Android
password
based
remote door
opener
system.

Car seat for

children.

Self-powered
door bell.

Alert system
for child.

Gun safety
lock.

Safety bus
seats.

Car without
using fuel.

Wire loop
breaking
alarm.

Fan has
sensor for
smoking.

Obstacle
avoider.

Warning of
increased car
load.

Home
security.

Shoes have
sensor for
blinds.
Device
reduces
speed of a
car.

Man machine
sound
generator.

Detector of
water
leaking.

Car without
using fuel.

Alert device.

Accurate
room
temperature

Camera in
car to see
blind spot.

Voice
controlled.

Charge
mobile app.

Voice
controlled
robotic.

Sensor
close gas
source.

Phone cover.

Radar.

Car opening
by
fingerprint.

Member 5
(Hani)
Heads of
electricity
cables closed
by a phone
call.

Member 6
(Anas)
Closing
everything
with closing
the door.

Automatic
circuit
breaking for
gas leakage.
Automatic
speed
breaking
mechanism.

Home
Ac power
9 security using Fan in bag.
system.
GSM.
Opening of
Load
Welding
car without
control
10
device.
fingerprint.
system.
Note: The red color shows that the duplicates are removed

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Table 4: The final result of artifacts.

S/
No

Artifacts

S/
No

Artifacts

Pollution catcher

21

Voice controlled robotic

A hole in electronic switch

22

Ac power system

Parking sensor

23

Load control system

Gun safety lock

24

Sensors in swimming pool

Car without using fuel

25

Sensor in school buses

Phone cover

26

Car seat for children

Opening of car without fingerprint

27

Device reduces speed of a car

Shoes sensor

28

Face mask fan

29

10

Safety bus seats

30

Sensor close gas source

Heads of electricity cables closed
by a phone call
Emergency light

11

Warning of increased car load

31

Self-powered door bell

12

Alert device

32

Wire loop breaking alarm

13

Charge mobile app

33

14

Radar.

34

15

Fan in bag

35

16

Welding device

36

Man machine sound generator

Automatic speed breaking
mechanism
Closing everything with closing
the door
Camera to see the blind spot

17

37

Alert system for child

38

Fan has sensor for smoking

19

Obstacle avoider
Android password based remote door
opener system
Home security

39

Detector of water leaking

20

Accurate room temperature

18

Discussion
Boggle's Method benefited our team a lot in terms of comparing our ideas and
then choosing those that all members agreed upon. We have learned from this
method that how can we integrate some ideas to one that has the appropriate
meaning for all of them. After we used Boggle's Method, the number of ideas
decreased from 49 to 39. There were 10 duplicate ideas and we removed it. For the
next step, we are going to use Multi-Voting method to select number of top 6 ideas
from these 39 ideas.

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Multi-Voting

After we finished Boggle's Method, we collected 39 ideas about the artifacts. It

is large number, so we have to reduce it to numbers reasonable we can deal with it.
For that reason, Multi-Voting process was made in order to reduce the number of
the ideas left from doing the previous step, Boggle Method, into 6 artifacts. The
number of votes each member can use is the sum of all the remaining ideas of that
group divided by 3. When we finished the Boggle's Method, we had 39 ideas about
the artifacts that gave 13 votes for each member. Each member chose a specific
symbol to vote by to distinguish between the members' votes later on. Member one
selected (!), member two selected (&), member three selected (?) and member four
selected (#), member five selected (*) and number six selected (@). The results of
modified multi voting for artifacts are shown in the next page.

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S/ No
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39

Table 5: Multi voting for artifacts.

M1 M2 M3
Promoter
Pollution catcher.
A hole in electronic switch.
Parking sensor.
Gun safety lock.
Car without using fuel.
Phone cover.
Opening of car without fingerprint.
Shoes sensor.
Face mask fan.
Safety bus seats.
Warning of increased car load.
Alert device.
Charge mobile app.
Radar.
Fan in bag.
Welding device.
Obstacle avoider.
Android password based remote door
opener system.
Home security.
Accurate room temperature

Voice controlled robotic.

Ac power system.
Load control system.
Sensors in swimming pool.
Sensor in school buses.
Car seat for children.
Device reduces speed of a car.
Sensor close gas source
Heads of electricity cables closed by a
phone call.
Emergency light.
Self-powered door bell.
Wire loop breaking alarm.
Man machine sound generator.
Automatic speed breaking mechanism.
Closing everything with closing the
door.
Camera to see the blind spot.
Alert system for child.
Fan has sensor for smoking.
Detector of water leaking.

M4

!
!

M5
*

M6

!
!
!

#
#
&
&&

&

?
??
?

?
?
?

#
#
#

&

*
*

@@

2
1
4
9
2
1
2

#
#

@
@

!
&
!
!

&

?
?
?
?

#
@
*

@@

#
&
!
!
@

&

!
@

*
*

?
##

1
3
2
4
1
3
3
6
1
1
3
4
1
1

#
&
&

Total
2
1
1

*
*
*

2
5
4

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Discussion
After we completed this step, we came up with the most voted 6 artifacts of the
team. This helped us to choose our project in the next assignment, L3-b. Each
member in the team has voted by using his own symbol for voting. Then we
calculated the number of votes to each artifact in order to select the top 6 artifacts
from 39 artifacts. After our team finished from the multi-voting process, we made a
list of the top 6 ideas to work on, shown in the next table.

Table 6: Final Selected artifacts after Multi Voting.

S/No

Artifacts

Face mask fan.(9)

Car seat for children.(6)

Alert system for child.(5)

Fan has sensor for smoking.(4)

Emergency light.(4)

Obstacle avoider.(4)

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Conclusion
Assignment, L3-A, is a Collective Team Assignment in lab section in order to be
able to design our project at the end of this semester. At the beginning of this
assignment, the problem definition has been learned. Now, defining a problem
correctly and come up with the real problem is known, which is the most important
task in terms of problem solving. In fact, assignment, L3-A, gave us many beneficial
and valuable information and we benefited a lot from this assignment in terms of
Problem definition techniques such as where the problem comes from, Exploring
the Problem, Present / Desired State, Duncker Diagram and Statement /
Restatement. These techniques are clearly understood and could be applied in a
right way. In the process of this work product, we used three main steps. First of all,
we gathered the needed information by preparing a 13 items questionnaire. Then,
we organized these information in tables using Excel Program and analyzed it in the
form of graphs to make it easier for the reader to understand the situation. Actually,
we used the previous techniques in order to reach the hurt of the problem. In the
second step, which is problem definition we used Present State/Desired State where
we treated with the problems generally at the beginning and then we made them
more specific by going in depth and adding more details until we reached to the
proper problem statements. After that, we created two Duncker Diagrams, where
we created general, functional and specific solutions for the problems we got from
Present State/Desired State. At the end, we proceed to the last step, which is
generating ideas and reaching the top 6 artifacts. In this step, we applied
brainstorming technique to generate ideas and then we applied a Multi-Voting
technique to come up with the top 6 artifacts. At the end we can say that we are
doing our best to be prepared for the final project and other coming assignments.

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