· .

initiative to de-worm 192,000 small ruminants and 18,750 large animals in Districts Bolan and Jhal Magsi. 60% of the flood affected livestock farmers were targeted in Jhal Magsi while the remaining 40% were assisted in Bolan district. Moreover, support from the District Livestock Department was available for ensuring the smooth execution of the project including the provision of vaccines againstAnthrax, ETV and CCBP forthe livestock mobile camps organized by BRSP.

Details of Individuals Food Item Distribution (in Metric Tons)

Jan 2008

Mar 2008

50 Kg

10 Kg

3.67 liters

1 kg

No salt distribution in

10 kgs Shoran and Haji She her.

Total food distribution by BRSP

OO!liJth ~00!lm 00II ~ ~ [i(illI !Mt!IiffiI ft!1Ml
Dec-07 1092.825 56.98 145.55 14.322 0 1309.677
Jan-08 964.65 154.643 128.62 12.862 64.31 1325.085
Mar-08 753.9 56.916 116.293 12.7 148.305 1088.114
Grand Total 2811.375 268.539 390.463 39.884 212.615 3722.876 Agriculture and livestocksupport:

With the financial and material support of the FAO and in consultation with PDMA, BRSP planned the provision of agricultural and livestock support to the most affected farmers in Districts Bolan, Kharan, Washuk, Noshki, 1:I.III!t:"1L&"C;,

Jhal Magsi, and Chagi. The objective was to assist them for to preparate their lands, restore their on-farm irrigation systems and plant the rabi season crops: these efforts would contribute to the recovery of their ..---~~...,_ sustainable livelihoods.

District-wise details of Food distribution (in Ml)

Through this intervention 21,742 farming families (including 152,194 men women and children) received a total of 2,478 MT of wheat, barley and pulses, seed and [~i~fb~~I~~~:l.;~~~!~r~~ ~~~~~~~.~r,,:~ fertilizer, plus 21,742 vegetable seed packs from the FAO. In addition, FAO also supported BRSP in an ~"""":;~.:...J,;.:.;.:$o:.:!!!l~UI...____..."':""":~!...-_.___;':'::':':':':'.Ili:i:..r;,u

District Noshki Bolan Washuk Kharan Chagi

Jhal Magsi

Food items provided 4,000

5,714

4,000

2,200

Agriculture inputs 4,000

5,714

4,000

2,200

2,500

3,000

formal commitment to extend support for maintaining the schemes was received from the Public Health Engineering Department and the Tehsil Municipal Administrations. Community caretakers were also trained on basic operations, repair and maintenance of the water supply schemes atthe end of the project.

2.2 Water and Sanitation Situation analysis

The floods damaged or contaminated a large number of mechanized and manual drinking water systems, wells and sanitation facilities including latrines and hand washing facilities. Essential household items such as utensils used for carrying and storing water were also lost. Hygiene and the lack of drinking water emerged as the priority issues. The provision of safe drinking water, sanitation facilities, and hygiene kits were identified by the relief organizations and a priority by the Government.

Beneficiary details (Khuzdar and Bolan districts)

BRSP response

BRSP rehabilitated water supply schemes, provided water through tankers to the lOPs and rehabilitated sanitation facilities such as latrines. It also established hand washing and solid waste management facilities and ran campaigns with messages on the risks associated with drinking contaminated water and unsafe hygiene practices. This intervention benefited 12,548 HHs and 88,055 vulnerable and poor people living in the remote villages of Bolan and Khuzdar

Districts. Additionally 5,000 most vulnerable persons were reached with messages on the health hazards involved in using contaminated water for drinking and unhygienic sanitation facilities.

Activity Number Beneficiaries Households
Water provision to IDPS 12,000 gallons 700 (approx.) 70
Hand-pump repair 300 69,740 9,962
Installation of water storage tanks 50 7,112 1,016
Wind mill repair and restoration 13 7,024 1,003
Latrine construction 497 3,479 497
Total 88,055 12,548 UNCHR donated 3,388 Jerry cans and 100,000 PUR Sachet to enable families to carry and store clean water. They also provided 100,000 hygiene kits and bars of soap.

2.3Health and Nutrition Situation

Pakistan's health indicators, health funding, and health and sanitation infrastructure are generally poor, particularly in rural areas. About 19% of the population is malnourished, which is above the 17 percent average for developing countries. Close to 30% of children under age five are malnourished. The United Nations estimates that in 2003 there were only 68 physicians for every 100,000 persons in Pakistan. In Balochistan, Pakistan's largest but least developed province, the vast majority of its eight million inhabitants have only limited access to adequate health care. For many women living in rural areas, giving birth can be a deadly event. The most devastating consequence of underdevelopment in any society are high infant and maternal mortality rates. Balochistan has the highest infant and maternal mortality ratios compared to those of many Asian and African underdeveloped countries. The maternal mortality ratio is 650 per 100,000 live births in Balochistan - nearly two times the national average".

After their repair and restoration, all the regular water supply schemes were handed over to the communities while a

Approximately 14% of children in Balochistan are malnourished

and malnutrition is considered a contributing factor in at least 55% of children's death under age 5.

After the floods in July 2007 the situation grew even worse. Throughout the affected areas, the limited availability of food items and disrupted access to health services created an additional nutritional risk, especially to mothers and children. The outbreak and spread of diarrheal diseases was a major threat, especially for the women and children among IDPs.

BRSP response

Under a partnership with UN ICEF, BRSP planned an integrated approach to improving the nutritional condition of children under five and pregnant and lactating women. The initial duration of the project was three months but it was extended to another six months in Districts Kharan, Khuzdar and Noshki.

The project staff, the LHWs and the social mobilizers were first trained by BRSP, then started screening children below 5 years and pregnant and lactating mothers through Mid Arm Upper Circumference (MUAC) in the target areas. All the identified moderately malnourished children and women were immediately given therapeutic food supplements while the severely malnourished children and women with complicated pregnancies were referred to the OTP. Community mobilization, follow-up of the children and women registered under the nutrition program is an on-going process conducted by the nutrition team.

Additionally, the field teams organize and conduct health awareness sessions on personal hygiene, domestic hygiene, supplementary food (weaning) and prevention of water and sanitation related diseases, specifically diarrhea.

Under the Outpatient (OTP) Community Care program, severely malnourished children with no complications are being provided with one or two weekly food

supplementations and other necessary medicines. The complicated cases are being referred to the In-patient Facility (stabilization center) at the District level, where a Medical Officer (preferably a Government doctor) had been trained to follow the protocols of in-patient care. The child is admitted to the facility for eight weeks. Once the complications are been treated the child is referred back to the host OTP where further treatment is continued until the child regains the required levels of weight and health.

One of the most important aspects of the project is to support the Government health officials to improve service delivery at the public health facilities. Therefore a productive relationship and coordination process has been maintained by the project staff with the EDO Health and other paramedical staff. In this regard, joint visits are paid to the field and health facilities and information, plans, progress and challenges are a regular feature of sharing by the project staff with the health officials.

The nutrition project has made remarkable achievements in the 3 target Districts to overcome malnutrition in 10,715 children <5 and 4,554 lactating and pregnant women. So far 5,869 children and women have been screened and 156 severely malnourished and 1,376 moderately malnourished children have been treated to overcome illnesses and malnutrition.

Currently the nutrition program is being implemented in the following districts: 1.Khuzdar(UCs Nail, Urnach, Waddh (Drakaala) and Arangi)

2.Kharan(UCs Sarawan, Tohmulk, Rasko, Joda-e-Kalatand Jamak) 3.Noshki (UCs Kishangi and Mal)

Activity Bolan Khuzdar Beneficiaries
Health and hygiene 73 24 4,634
sessions conducted
Medical camps organised 39 12 11,937 Emergency Health and hygiene support

With the financial support of UNICEF, BRSP has provided access to basic health and hygiene services, creation of awareness among the target communities regarding personal hygiene and health, improved access to nutritional support

Case Study: "An 50S call which was well responded to"

Aranji is a remotest Union Council of District Khuzdar, Balochistan. It is located about 150 Km from Khuzdar city. This UC was badly affected by the drought which prevailed for close to 7 years. The lack of irrigation water for the agricultural crops and fodder for the livestock caused serious food insecurity for the people. People's health was poor and women and children were particularly threatened by the acute lack of food. Serious issues related to acute malnutrition leading to the death of children occurred in the area. The situation caused a huge number of families to leave the area and migrate elsewhere. When the drought was finally over, the people started returning to their homes but unfortunately their miseries did not end. The heavy rains of July 2007 washed away most of the villages, causing devastating losses of lives and livelihoods, leaving people shelter-less, hopeless and at the mercy of fate.

BRSP was the first organization to reach this area and to begin providing humanitarian assistance. BRSP medical teams immediately organized OPD camps in the four most affected villages where close to 600 patients were treated. Food supplements were widely distributed among the community members to overcome their hunger and malnutrition. Common diseases found were diarrhea, scabies and anemia. A lot of physically weak and elderly patients who were unable to visit the camps were treated in their homes. Some serious patients were referred to DHQ hospital at Khuzdar for further treatment. The emergency health services provided by BRSP not only addressed people's immediate health issues; they brought hope and a degree of confidence and most importantly saved many precious lives.

services for malnourished children and women through referral services and support to Government Health Facilities in improved access and provision of quality health services. This activity was implemented from October 15th 2007 to December 31 st 2007. The achievements are as follows:

2.4 Social Protection Situation analysis

Social protection is a key issue in all emergency responses to natural and manmade disasters. The lOPs, especially unaccompanied women and children or those whose

male family members were unable to protect them all the

time, in the collective centers and camps were at risk of

exploitation, abuse, violence and neglect. It was

therefore very important to provide a protective

environment and psychosocial protection for them,

simultaneously with the provision of other required

assistance such as food, water, health and sanitation

systems.

Progress table for Social Protection Activities

The initial information indicated that the security and protection needs of women, girls and children were not being considered or provided in the camps for in terms of separate latrines, security arrangements especially at nights, lighting and secure camp boundaries. This resulted in reported sexual harassment, posing significant threats of gender-based violence. High levels of stress were also reported in the initial findings, leading to poor health status, particularly of women and girls living in insecure and fragile environment. There were also

unconfirmed reports regarding unsuccessful attempts to '-------------------' abduct children.

# Activity Number of
Beneficiaries
1 Establishment of 11 Child & Women friendly spaces 6,192
3 Provision of services under Friendly Spaces 6,192
5 Provision of LSB E to adolescents 4,972
6 Facilitation in CNIC documentation 13,220
7 Birth registration 43,538
8 Facilitated in receiving EVls to receive government 1,137
cash grant 2.5 Transitional Shelter Situation analysis

Alarge segment ofthe poorest and worst affected people lost their mud houses and were living either in open spaces or in sheds made from clothing, bedding and rugs. A few of the people related mainly to urban areas, were residing in the Collective Centers and lOP camps. At a time when the unbearable summer heat was at its peak in the affected districts, living without proper shelter or shade in the naked sun was a miserable hardship for most of the people especially the women, children, elderly and sick people who were the frontline victims ofthe harsh conditions.

BRSP response

BRSP, by considering protection to be the most critical area, planned to provide protection to the most vulnerable men, women, girls and children, including the women-headed households, orphans and elderly persons in the lOP camps and in the most affected villages. The financial assistance was provided by UNICEF for the implementation in 9 UCs of Bolan District and 2 UCs in Khuzdar District, from September 2007 to December 2007. The activities included establishing Child and Women Friendly Spaces where the vulnerable and most affected persons could play, rest and enjoy some leisure in a secure and protective environment to overcome stress and resolve psychosocial issues.

BRSP response

BRSP technical staff followed the SPHERE guidelines and the recommendations of UN Shelter Cluster in developing the design for an indigenous transitional shelter which could be constructed from only 7 kheras of mesh, 13 bamboo poles and one door. BRSP procured 5,600 kheras, 10,400 bamboo poles, and 800 doors to serve the need of 800 shelter-less families through DFID funds. These families were also provided with UNHCR-supplied plastic sheets and bamboo poles to erect temporary shelters.

2.6 Education Situation analysis

Information received from various sources revealed that approximately 18% of schools were either washed out or had received minor to major damage by the flood. Accessibility to most of schools was also disrupted. The flood also ruined the schools supplies, furniture and children's bags kept in the schools and houses. Fortunately, due to summer vacations, schools were closed and therefore there were no casualties ofteachers or children.

It was known that affected people were living in the nearby spontaneous camps but where the land owners were not allowing them to build their shelters. In this critical condition, BRSP's social mobilization team played a key role in motivating the landlords to allow the lOPs to build their transitional shelters so to protect themselves from the harsh environment. The pointed out that the installation of the shelters was necessary for the protection of women and children during the night. The BRSP technical and social staff provided extensive guidance and support for the installation of transitional shelters.

Under the DFID grant, BRSP also provided vaccinations and medication to livestock farmers for more than 20,000 animals affected by the disaster: this served as a major step in restoring the heath of the sick animals and reducing the mortality threat to a minimum level.

UNHCR provided 17,800 plastic sheets for use in transitional shelters, covering walls for latrines, and washrooms. 60,000 packets of ORS were distributed among affected families. UNHCR also provided 500 blankets. The support provided by UNHCR was effectively linked with the relief and early recovery of the flood affected families in Khuzdar, Bolan and Nushki Districts. The Pakistan Red Crescent Society donated 800 kitchen utensils sets which were distributed by BRSP to 350 families in Khuzdar, 350 families in Bolan and 100 families in Nushki District.

BRSP response

In order to ensure that children could effectively make the ,-------------------, transition back to their school and that schools could be repaired

before the academic year began, BRSP planned to rehabilitate

the worst affected 150 schools located in 5 UCs and 65 villages

in Bolan and 7 UCs and 33 villages in Jhal-Magsi Districts. This

would enable the children to continue their education and have

opportunities for recreation that would help them to overcome

some of the psychosocial effects of the disaster.

BRSP implemented the project with financial and material support from UNICEF through its "Back to school" campaign. The project was successfully implemented within 5 months (November 2007 to March 2008).

Soon after signing the agreement with UNICEF, BRSP, through effective rapid assessment, identified the most affected and damaged or destroyed schools with the support of respective District Educational Departments. The focus was on the provision of all the urgent needs in the schools such as Interim Teachers, teachers' training in psychosocial support; restoring the School WES by installing latrines; providing drinking water

facilities, and supplying basic stationery and tables, chair, sitting mats, "School in a Box" and blackboards. Transitional schools were built and supplied with textbooks and other education materials. BRSP constructed 100 temporary schools in Bolan District and 50 in Jhal Magsi District.

liThe shattered dream ofa brightfuture"

Like most ofthe children of rural Balochistan who are getting education in schools devoid of most of the essential facilities and quality education, 8- year old Shakila energies bright and energetic. She lives in Village Wahi Shaki in District Jhal Magsi. She was very eager to get an education since she felt very concerned that her illiterate father was unable to read and write a single word. It brought lot of pride to her when her father used to get her assistance for reading and writing. She tried many times to teach her father to write his name on paper, but he was not interested.

Challenges

Many challenges were faced by BRSP in ensuring the smooth implementation of the project:

Inaccessibility due to damaged roads, paths and stagnant flood water

High levels of insecurity due to wide spread unrest in the country

Scarcity of water in the sites for the construction of transitional shelters Unavailability and/or lack of reliable secondary data

Lack of construction materials

Short span of the project

Community engagement in repair and reconstruction oftheirown houses.

III decided to get an education and assist my father to live a better life" she said excitedly with a confident smile. "I want to be a teacher, but I would not punish my students"

Her dream of becoming a teacher were shattered when a massive flood ruined her village, her home and her school in June 2007. To save their lives, she and her family and other villagers rushed to the safer places on higher ground. After floodwaters receded, they came back to their village and saw the ruins and devastation of the flood. A thriving village which had been populated by their ancestors had now turned into flat ground and rubble.

Progress ofTransitional school project

When she and the other children visited the school site it was not to be seen, as the flood had taken away the whole building. She thought worriedly "What will happen now?"

# Activity Number Beneficiaries
Children Teachers HHs
1 Construction of 162
Transitional shelters
2 Construction of latrines 185 7,888 182 1,127
3 Health & Hvglene sessions 221
4 Provision of T eaching & 162
Learning materials The school was resumed in September 2007, but when their teacher arrived she was told by the villagers to teach students under a tree or go back to her home since there was no house or shed to be spared for the school in the village. The harsh conditions and hot weather compelled many of her friends to say goodbye to the school, but she decided to continue since she did not wanted to remain illiterate like the majority of people in her village.

Teaching in highly unfavorable and tough conditions, with no shelter, no supplies, no books, no drinking water and no latrine was impossible for the teacher and the children. However, the teacher halfheartedly continued the school as best she could.

Then the BRSP team arrived in the village. She saw a few people talking to the villagers and her teacher. They also came

to the children and said that they were going to construct a school for them and they would also bring books and notebooks forthem. "We saw everyone was pleased and jubilant among us" Shakila said. She instantly decided to tell her friend Rukaya about the good news because she was not coming to school.

Acknowledgements

BRSP is highly thankful for the effective and timely support and resources provided by the donors listed below:

Within days the new school was ready and equipped with basic supplies, sitting mats, furniture and teaching and reading materials. It was the day when Shakila thought again that her dream of becoming a teacher would come true.

DFID

(4Ji~' ~'U18

~ /.!:

~

UNHCR

UNHCR

~ 'JD

WFP

If"_ft~ ~ §& ~ ." Iff

~

World Food Programme

PPAF

As well as the UNORC, PRCS, PDMA and Government officials and departments of PHE, Livestock, Agriculture, Irrigation, Social Welfare and District, Tehsil, and UC Nazims, Councilors and local leaders, activists, CBOs and Community Organizations for enabling BRSP to reach and support 661,818 flood affected people in addressing their complex and significant issues in 7 Districts ofBalochistan.