BIOPSY

Removal of tissue from the living organism for the

purposes of microscopic examination and diagnosis .

TYPES OF BIOPSY

EXCISIONAL BIOPSY

Total excision of a small lesion for microscopic study.

It is preferred if the size of the lesion is such that it may be removed

along with the margins and the wound can be closed proximally.

INCISIONAL OR DIAGNOSTIC BIOPSY

Lesions that are too large to excise initially without having

established a diagnosis ,a small piece is removed.

Useful in dealing with large lesions,which the operator suspects may

be treated by some means other than surgery once the diagnosis is
made ,or the lesion in which the diagnosis will determine whether
the treatment should be conservative or radical.

INCISIONAL BIOPSY

EXCISIONAL BIOPSY

INCISIONAL BIOPSY

SCALPEL

BIOPSY

Should include surrounding normal tissue with adequate

depth of underlying connective tissue.

METHODS FOR OBTAINING THE MATERIAL

Surgical excision by scalpel

Surgical removal by cautery or a high-frequency cutting

knife

Laser

Removal by biopsy forceps or biopsy punch

Aspiration through a large bore needle

Exfoliative cytology technique

BIOPSY TEHNIQUE

Do not paint the surface of the area to be biopsied with

iodine or a high colored antiseptic.

If using infiltration anesthesia,inject around the periphery

of the lesion.

Use a sharp scalpel to avoid tearing tissue.

Remove a border of normal tissue if at all possible.

Use care not to mutilate the specimen when holding it

with the forceps.

Fix the tissue immediately upon removal in 10% formalin

or 70% alcohol.If the specimen is thin,place it upon a piece
of glazed paper and drop into fixative to prevent curling of
tissue.

BIOPSY REPORT

The report of a biopsy is usually returned to the operator

by the pathologist within a few days unless some special
procedures,such as decalcification of tooth or bone
substance or application of special stains,are necessary.

A negative biopsy report or a diagnosis not in confirmity

with the expected diagnosis should never be considered
final.it means only that there are no features to suggest
the expected diagnosis in that particular tissue,which was
removed at a particular time.A repeat biopsy should
always be performed when there is any doubt about the
adequacy or representative nature of the original
specimen.