Exam 10-2

Name ____________________________________________
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the questions.
1. The process by which a long-term memory becomes durable and stable is called:
A. priming

B. chunking

C. confabulation

D. consolidation

2. During short-term memory tasks, ______________ is especially active.

A. the frontal lobe

B. the amygdala

C. the hippocampus

D. the cerebellum

3. _______________ plays a critical role in the formation of long-term declarative memories.

A. The hippocampus

B. The amygdala

C. The frontal lobe

D. The cerebellum

4. Formation and retention of procedural memories may involve the _______________.

A. amygdala

B. frontal lobe

C. hippocampus

D. cerebellum

5. Hormones released by the adrenal glands during stress and emotional arousal tend to:
A. cause retroactive interference.
C. produce tip-of-the-tongue states.

B. enhance memory.
D. lead to motivated forgetting.

6. Most people seem to favor __________ for encoding and rehearsing the contents of short-term memory.
A. speech

B. vision

C. subliminal perception

D. kinesthetic senses

7. Maintenance rehearsal is defined as:

A.
B.
C.
D.

The rote repetition of material in order to maintain its availability in memory.

Analyzing new material in order to make it memorable.
Associating new material to be learned with information maintained in long-term memory.
Processing the physical features of the stimulus to be remembered.

8. ____________ involves associating new items of information with new material that has already been stored.
A. Deep processing
C. Long-term potentiation

B. Elaborative rehearsal
D. Maintenance rehearsal

9. __________ occurs when instead of encoding just the physical or sensory features of the information, the
meaning of information is analyzed.
A. Priming
C. Maintenance rehearsal

B. Deep processing
D. Procedural memory

10. In order to help her music students learn the lines of the treble clef, the teacher has them learn the sentence Every
Good Boy Does Fine. This is an example of:
A. serial-position effect
C. pattern recognition

B. mnemonics
D. reconstructive memory
1

Exam 10-1
11. According to the ___________ theory of forgetting, information in memory eventually disappears if it is not
accessed.
A. cue-dependent

B. interference

C. replacement

D. decay

12. According to the ___________ theory of forgetting, ones original perception can be erased by new and
misleading information.
A. replacement

B. decay

C. interference

D. cue-dependent

13. According to the ___________ theory of forgetting, information may get into memory, but it becomes confused
with other information.
A. replacement

B. cue-dependent

C. decay

D. interference

14. _________ is defined as forgetting that occurs when recently learned material interferes with the ability to
remember similar material stored previously.
A. Decay
C. Cue-dependent forgetting

B. Retroactive interference
D. Proactive interference

15. ________ is defined as forgetting that occurs when previously stored material interferes with the ability to
remember similar, more recently stored, material.
A. Decay
C. Cue-dependent forgetting

B. Retroactive interference
D. Proactive interference

16. Our authors suggest that in long-term memory, __________ may be the most common type of memory failure.
A. State-dependent retrieval
C. Cue-dependent forgetting

B. retroactive interference
D. proactive interference

17. Dj vu occurs when:

A. A lack of retrieval cues prevents our ability to recall the time and the details of the last time we have
been in that location.
B. A memory is encoded during a peak of high emotion and then forgotten until the emotional arousal is
once again high.
C. Repressed information threatens to enter consciousness when cues in the present activate unconscious
memories.
D. Cues in the present context overlap with those from the past so there is an eerie experience of having
been there before.
18. If you are trying to retrieve a memory, you will be better able to do so if:
A.
B.
C.
D.

You wait until you emotional arousal is neither high nor low.
Your current mood matches the mood of the kind of material you are trying to remember.
You used maintenance rehearsal in order to encode the information.
You find a psychoanalyst with experience in retrieving unconscious memories.

19. Given the current research on recovered memories, we should be skeptical if a person says that:
A. She had psychogenic amnesia after an emotional shock and certain cues led the memory to return.
B. The judge in his court case wouldnt consider his recovered memories as admissible evidence.

Exam 10-1
C. He now has memories of his experiences as an infant, thanks to therapy.
D. Her amnesia resulted from a blow to the head during a car accident.
20. Research on autobiographical memory indicates the most adults cannot recall any events until about:
A. 18 to 24 months of age.
C. 6 to 18 months of age.

B. 3 to 4 years of age.
D. 2 to 3 years of age.

21. Which is NOT one of the explanations proposed by cognitive psychologists to explain childhood amnesia?
A. impoverished encoding
C. different ways of thinking about the world

B. lack of sense of self

D. a focus on novel experiences

MATCHING. Choose the best item in column 2 that best matches each item in column 1.
22. You look up a phone number and are able to
remember it long enough to dial the phone.
23. You remember most of the gifts you received for
your 16th birthday.
24.
25. You are able to recite the presidents of the
United States in order.
26.
27. You remember how to make your grandmothers
special meatloaf.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
62.
63.

A. Source misattribution
45.
B. Priming
46.
C. Explicit memory
47.
D. Confabulation
48.
E. Implicit memory
49.
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.