l Prestressed Concrete 4) olga PBL. GL sul ABBR Sle LI) (5 (gals was G5) Goll GL wl pladiol one er Y G5 Whe bes Sloleat fax Sle Labi! ods oe (Robe! GL SI) GI ete GLY a WY I lola OU) Gloles i estas heball Globee! GL bd Uncracked Section Cracked Section ee) RS JS SL Bld pULIl gle A Slolan! cus 13 ole yStUl ay cue ( Prestressed Concrete) J) 8555 (cs ois 5% sls) AU Slolas| oy W tim’5 W tn To 1 Ao _|P _ fe} = | ‘ a &r . 8&2 ———__ J Stresses [Seresses] Final due to due to Stressc Load w ForceP jw? - = =e =P a= 8-4 To obtain Zero Tension Stresses 5= & P __ plAm ZA Z bn _ —. Z= 3 A=bh W ams a TOOT eer 7 " [A Plas fe + l/ClaN = Set A 4 : t q l x Lal 6 o2 % a — J Stresses Stresses - Final due to due to Stresses 7 Load W Force P Ma Wh -_ M ae & —Pxe 7 ara 5-5 oF To obtain Zero Stresses Me Ee nce Z AZ ho 6 6M _ py 6Py hk no IG For R-Section e maycee ab LEO Jeod Uy sllaal! (PJs UII agi U5 of ays La8l 1S uit) et OS Sholay Host Heys oak (P)SGHI 8 are ol ge LL Jol gl ey (Moment) 4! W tims BMD (4) iM _ Due to (Load) WP i g M=Pe OO MS amp A A Due to(P) 2 IF Pe=L 4“ : 7 (Final) Ge BW ppc sly (P) ssl ye GUI p5edd GIS 13h ast Gf Les pho wsly BLY p50ll 5G (yy) JLn 2!Sg How to Obtain Prestrssed Concrete gle shee J Ls GL SII gle JgaoU MAK yb aces MS Slolae Y SSI ode Gaye5y BLN! URIs SILT Lye! GLI gle bid Global gees wd SILI Js a Different methods to obtain Prestressed Concrete. chanical Method a) Pre- tension (Lal asl) vee F AGL GL goles Qo LA eck Ua yLll ode (Precast Prestressed Concrete ) La) sonst Lol gd ol ols SyLUSI £250 Bag rte Loins 5 LLL ye GYLWI 23® a Ba Yolo BLA eo ® (paz vA) Gels S35 BL SU! ales sey SILL Gad 2 ® BL BI gle bes 863 dee 35 Rigid Wall Rigid Wall Cable T _Beam T - += SS S SS < aa : Rigid Floor Ls gre - 483 ceed oY leis 3S © SII Ss Gsa) Post- tension (gadUI acl) sla Y AGL. GLI Les yb play sels UE yall od ESoadl gS Wks GLa oid + gale! Go galys JOS dle BAI! Yolo SLU los wass ae + (Lega ) shal fo Sst 5 dole sl 3S! at voles jawles PRIS SILL! Jol © (Washer & Nut) plassly 05 guts LLY Gs GILWI ass E ( Frysinnet System) > pus of of See Ge Bye Gis Ky BL BU y GLU! gy Lal ga © Gare tee Ey gold ee Ge ATU Keg Golo polge Jato gepll 3 + Aye) ub YI ge Geel BLA! de hile ws Si ays © n Plastic tube ALLL. voles Bygule Cables Cables 4 Grouting Cylinder / Cone Cylinder Frysinnet Systent@Chemical Method G \ Le go abel ase gity Chae Ge Gold E53 BLN rod pain GLB cue sews! FLAP sad Gud ale Jel abe bbl Slolee| Bae tal ELT Gua ala ayo Gada La wo, BLS le bas ral oie 5 eds Ld ae I els Bale Lase G9Sy Cle ALG, sas GY plaseeyl gob a Out ctrical Method aig call oL pS addy Le Bajo pB Sd BLS ble GLU Jos LL 5 Ly aT SLU! Lads Poles Yl UL. GLA Shyzes BSI) youd) Golesi! ued JWL, GL guns GL SL jas UIC + Regaes G 9S LG F55II GY Jobl pee GIS G Bye Bee pis Is (Fatigue) JIS! JLa¥ aS Uys ols € Sl i Jl (Deflection) ps3 215 € B.M. Due BM. Due to (Load) 300 kg/cm’ PELE ode le Ua Cement Content >359 kg/m? nae Gul ys pikin ia fue ASUS; 3 ae bls . + Legal sob SUL! plasscl- Allowable Compressive Stresses in Prestressed Coner ete oe [ Stage Shape of Section |F.,= 300\ Fey=400 Feu= 500| Fey,= 600 R- Section | 130 | 159 170 190 [Pransfer Stage = Other Sections | 129 | 149 160 186 R- Section | 100 | 120 | 135 | 145 Other Sections | 99 10 | 128 | 135 *In New. Code ae Transfer Stage —__ (erking Stage —— Working Stage ——~ Catt = 040K, ae t for q6.- F (Stress) E=16 ven’ 7 140/160 (Cables) NN. OSI ILLS. E=2.0 vem? 24/3. st E14 ven ——~ ¢ (Strain) Losses of Pre stressing force Initial Losses (Iinmediate Losses) © Elastic Shortening of Concrete. ® Anchorage Slippage of Cables . ® Friction Final Losses (Long Term Losses) @ Shrinkage of Concrete. Creep of Concrete. @ Relaxation of steet ma > Losses = (10-15 )% W =I- Losses = (0.85 — 0.90) P= Prostrating Force Befor Losses. P= Prostrating Force after Losses . Wires)! ois B10 Vem! USI gs pode! wood ee pas Wires) 0 Sylee Oo Lage Globes! fans Lay iis ale aseee eens ee eee eee BMD Internal Forces = (+) | |_ Due to (Load) Due To Load _ we WL MS rm EN SED IIT ey Due to (Load “1 WL 2 M=Pe Due to(P) Psin 8 Internal Forces : a7 “th SED Due To fl} ——— Due to(P) Prestressing Force LA Psin - PcosQ —-- He ©) NED. ; Due to(P)AS OG 86S Yolo po Gos I OLU lay JSS oe Laude @ea II ft Leal JS 5 Es5 ley SII slesly JSS cele 5g, BMD. 7 XE i — Ww a ae (Load ) Load 2 SED, CF i x (Load ) Pe\(-) B.M.D an Due to(P) SED. (-) Due to(P) Psin® | Lo | ] NED. Due to(P)—— m—-~.| p Straight Cable —— BMD — Due to M Baste rc) SED “ Due to a SFI (Load) © Duee ‘(Load Pe BMD Due to = ie @ a i Poin 8 bee o SPL - Due to VF, : "| oT 7 Poin Pcos6 (-) NEL Duet (P) B.M.D Due to(Load) \Pe, T ae ~~ B.M.D Due to(P)) (-) pee ce) (-J BM. Due ) oad) ° a (loa (ON. SED SF. Sy -J eee H (coy Coed) | aK? apa 2s ©) po BM, ihe, Pa a | | SED - SE.oS BMD Due to (Loaa o> zs BMD Due to () @ Intermediate Hinge (Sera erianeem co oe A Plan OTN [= B.M.D Due to BMD Due to (P) (Load) SANA, —Analysis Of Prestressed Concrete —— ys restressed Concrete 1 Wms Coo] Given : ae Required: fy » Pre 25 8S) ode GU (PrestressingForce) J Lo 0s ByaS Lily she @Transfer Stage cle A JL I B55 Sue Bybbe BS Go Gh all Us yall ye (Prestressing Force =P. ) j\ 3%5 (Only Dead Load )J\ gx 8 «SU! (P) Prestressing Force BeforeLosses Q Working Stage Oe Bylee Tye cle Jan Yl Tati Sue Bye) has Uae Ge (Prestressing Force =P.) J\ 63% (Dead Load +Life Load ) J! (P.,) Prestressing Force After Losses W = I- Losses = (0.85 —— 0.95 ) oS 6 Check joc ps UU 1 - Transfer Stage . 2- Working Stage2 Saoayeempmaouencoene somes eae Check For Stresses: D Ti ransfer' Stage: (initial Stage) My 7) “| slay hott - Pxe ~ Stresses Stresses due to Final due to Force B Stresse Dead Load M, ®@ ine = 2. xe - > ad P a [| 2, ] © ro r | fe] oO (a) Pp, &o = I 7 Sy) fe «~~ For Symmetric Sections R - Section Box - Section T- Section —— : T £1= Zy= Z = ® Getting of(h) In Equations No@& Q) Assume P ~ P, @O-®@ For Symmetric Sections Munax.— My . Jn Cas Of Cases Of Loading || Z = FE 79.reserpine — aeeErce ® Getting of(P) In Equations No @)& @ @O+@ ® Getting of(e) In Equation No (Q) Assume ie =0 Box Cmin Z, b— cesoreaagr. Cables Path =e a 4 bans ls (Core) i Jats 355 cuiSs glbd gle(P) de & 83 ol ls beds Lid Glaleal 55% a5Ul ode Ge GSW! Slo Yl Alans GU (Core)! ge 3 col’ gles de (P) a5 855 Gtisl lala! g eam Gi bdd Gloleal gS spUl ode Ge GSW! Slot! : Boe anal gs ah OTransfer Stage (Prestressed Force ) J\ > 3 /_. Upper Kern aoe |. , _ _th_(_ Gp. Sat i Core\ Lower Keri ei 4 — * Snax © + hy + ky Q@Working Stage’ Uppar Kern | \ aa oN Core\ Lower Keri. / —] e= minSe ols (CG) oF Cables J) ¢-25 (Sx pLLd! gle ah olga! ol dyn Wb CG5s of Gay OU 5 Ribas ede GLE SILL! Js ST Ee upper limit | upper kern Vee Lower limit Cmin= Cmin + & re — Note D € min = Cmax Very Good Design DC rnin > Cmax Increase h 3) enue > HE tin > So 4 2 nas| fen Increase h i 4 e=(4) (Center Line) J\ 25 In Case OF +ve Moment } | €=(-) (Center Line) J\ 353 Cae) (Center Line) JI 33 In Care OF -ve Moment j Le=(-) (Center Line) J\ 2237 anne @ For the hollow slab pe bridge of the shown cross section itis required to: . © Make complete design of the slab for critical cases of loading @ Draw details Of RFT. in plan , Elevation & cross section Fey = 250 kg/em’ —. _ St. 36/52 - 2 5 F.C=150 kg/em’ For Side walk * F.C=300 kgfem’ For Road Way : 20cm 20 om Sec A-A “ _ i 140m iim _| a eee Concrete Dimensions. a enensions. ty= 2X _ 1400 "16 * a Take 5 = 1000m 15em = ait, tex Le _ 200 20cm 10 10 @ Loads on side walk. SORES On Side wall bay, =(P2MO15) _ 9 175 m WOW + RO +L. = babe +015 +0.30 = 0.175% 25 +0.154+0.30 = 0.89 tm’? @cae ahd +15 (Le) +0.15 (1.0) 2 = 28920 0.15% 2.040.15% 10 =2.23 mt. O= Wx Le + 0.15 =0.89% 2.04015 . = 1.93 ton Design of sec. Mea” 2a 4.46 mt. = te- 3.0 =20 - 3.0 =17.0 cm. “Gee — 10-6, ERE —> CG =4025 —+ J= 0.305 /250%100 Use % 5 as (Cat. 11) Tables Page 94 BMD. Jf Ma). Tf _s46xt0? 7 sossen? Ss JEd d 0.85, 6.863% 3600%17 “Be [6P16\ m @ B.M. due to D.L. onlly ZN Me to DL. onlly Wy i= OW. +EG Xxts- 52 OW. = Se 0.67 _O8x1.0-7 > P= ty-04m = tl S 0.8 Neches =10- 0.4 =0.6-m Wy 1=1.62403 =1.92 tm X = 0.6 +0.2=08 mi__192x(14y 16 | - = [23.52 mtn ar i & j . M, ; M, = a = 73.52 = 3.92 mt\n @ Moment due to Side walk only. EE de WALK ONLY. a Do». Bs [ Milo us| “PR mu, ee LroJbiose = tsté=<“— 304 or CE a ome 368 | S = 60+2C+1; =6.0 +2x 015+ 1.00 =7.30m Woe Be=S 42.0 m=7.30 +2.0=93 “om Bo= 9.3m >Ly Take Be = [1-70 m i iit iti rc = 4.0m —+— 6.0 m—— 4.0m — T = 0.40-0.008L =0.40-0.008%14= 0.288 = SO(1+1) x30+ 5 ee 3% 3.0 + 0.30 (Be-6.0) Uf 3.0 6.0 = D128), 3 3 0) = 18.18 tim = 3.0% 6.0 * 20+ gl Zp * 30 + 030 ( 7.0-6.9) 0.5 (141) 3.0 + 0.30 (Be -3.0) 0.5 (1.288) x 3.0 + 0,30 (7.0-3.0) =3.13 tim a = " I3.13 tee 1818 33 Ame 40m —L 66m—L_ 40m —J 3.13 tet I818Am 3134 Se —— 3s 3S aoe = L40m —160m—L_ 40m — . 15.05 tt [a] 3.13 e313 fm’ 3.13 te 7 = a———F t (a ! L_ 40m —L 60m lL 40m ; 903% Na - : 3.13 thai 313 Ae i = FEM. =A, SP xb = S134) way +hx903 xi4 DF 205 M = 313.72X0,5 = 156.86 mt 156.86, 4 314.31 = M, ot) = 314,61 A449 mt M, mtn) =e = 7.48 mot ae@QMax moment at points@,Q). ee Ce S= 3.0+C +& = 3.04015 +40 = 365 m a Ke 4 Be=S+ 1.0=3.65 41.0 =4.65 - Afr 4.65 ad W,= ct ssecan (2 - -3.0) 68 (1.288) 3.0% 6.0 W, = 05 (1+1)x3.0 + 0.39 (Be - 3.0) = 0.5 (1.288) 3.0 + 0.39 (.65-3.0) =2.43 Um 243 thm 13.38 9 43 pgs & 7 75 a 40m —L 60m —L— 40m tp 243 Am 13.38 tm 9 43 ag x 3.0 + 0.30 4.65-3.0) =13,38 thm $ ; 40m —L 60m —L— 49m — 10.95 2.43 thm’ 2.43 tet 2.43 tim’ = ‘ 40m 60m Ll 40m _f 65.7 t 2.43 tim 2.43 thm* @ 40m 60m 40m ce. : B eePEM, = 2aadiay 3 DF = 05 +p x65, 67x14 = 232 mt. M= 232 x0.5=116 mt. —-231.5 M,,{mtm) =“T6s- © Max moment at point 5). .—————— 40 | ZZ YY LL, a * SUD toe] SED and bE 0 SRT) ts 0.50124) te no S “S LS 3.0 i RN Erect NN See \N SY EDI LLZL LLL 7, A a eee 40m — 3.13 thm’ 18.18 the =2 3.13 tm & : : A 40m 160m —L— 40m a 90.3 , ! 3.13 tim ih 4 3.13 tm & f A 40m 160m 40m J 14m —__J iy FEM, A134) +7903 REM, ahlaxlldy 76.69 mt = oy 72 tht 13.7: M wSBZAI6O =195.21 m/B, M, (mtn) = 135.21 ~[27.37 ma195,21 < 20.92 295.13 @ Max moment at point ,@ 243 tnt 13.38 tm @. 2.43 tht 40m 160m Ll 4om— 1 J4m —______] 65.70 ! 243 tim» 2.43 thm = “h A 4.0m 16.0 mL 4.0m A gm FEM, =28x4 f +ypmsxlt REM, =2é3xll4) Pa sase me =232 0 mt M eee =145.77 mt./B, M,, fomtim) = 245.77 =[3735 mt 145.77 216.6Final Moment on points 0.0.8 —————=_—_—>___ , Points ©@@- |. Point @ Die [suemaa] LL. ]| Mr [DE oven] LL Mn | | 1 M y_|| 23.52 |8.46 | 49.78 || 81.76'| 23.52 [739 Jus 75.81 pi LO My|| 0 |-223] 0 Toa 3.92 |-3.37| 7.48 |]8.03 — = Points @,@ Point © i DL, |side wate] LL. || Me || D.L. [side wan) LL. | M; | i My, ~ 47.04 - 14.92} 31.35 ||- 93.31 - 47.04|- 12.61, 27.89 - 87,54 L J L | 93.31Design of sec. at point@ ForMx — eevee M, = 2X 93.31 = 186.62 mt. d = te- 7.0 =100-7.9 =93.0 cm. 186.62x10° d= = Me > 93.0 = =C, goE eM 700 G= 3.40. — J=0.775 Use 28 —B=065 (Cau 1) Tables Page gg oe _ 5 Bai “8. race Sean . [239 26\~"] Design of sec. at ‘point@) ForMx M, = 2% 8176 = 163.52 mut [769.28 \m) Design of ie at pointQ) ForMx M= 2% 75.81 = 151.62 me — {[5p28\m) Design of sec. at ‘point G) ForMx Mo 2% 87.54 = 175.08 mt. 179 28\ m*I-28 SMNZIB 9 MNTIB 9 os L HAITBO M\9TB 9 (8)uoynaayy vag 60 im aoe waeee EEF p enone L i) Py be----~----- a ccReEE Doser stant n-------- moe 5 ; WO spayExample 3) Solve the previous example as a prestreesed concrete slab ype bridge , it is required to : @® design of the slab as a prestressed section @ Draw details of RFT. in cross section Ey,= 300 kg/em? F.C=150 kg/em’ For Side walk F.C=300 kg/em’ For Road Way (4 mem 26m Soe A-A <—j—=———2 140m |___ 40m _| ® Loads on side watk. OO Tay, = (224015) =0.175 m Wiz OW +B. Cxbavd ¢ +0,15 = 0.175 2.5 +0.15 = 0,59 than’ 2 2 Me = Whe = 25x20 7 18, mt/m r O= Wx Le=0,59x 2,0 =1,18 ton 20m) 0.59 thm - C3 wlé [118 Mc =WLE 5 0.15 (Le) +0.15 (1.0) . 2 O1St 7 L 2 1°. o = 23 220 9.15% 2.04+0.15* 1.0 fe 0.15 (= ]@ Final Moment (Mr) at Point @ Mx {0.1440.14) x Ph +(-0.04-0.04) xm ‘0 ——1 DL. = 0.28x 1.18 14.0 -9.08 x 1.18= 4,53. medi MX — 0.28xU75x 14.0 -0.08 x L05= 2.86 meine Final Moment (Mf) at Point © ENE OED) \ My -(-0.24-0.24) xPLy+ (0.084+0.08) xm. OE O48 x-1.18x 14,040.16 « L18= 7.74 mtn Myx = 0.48% 0.75% 14.0+0,16 x 1.05= - 4.87 mtim ‘, Note These values acting on 1.0m ®B.M. due to D.L. only ts=—4 _ = _1400 _ 99_.875 Take 100m 14 — 16 14—+ 16 TEL G 2 Sip =06 . Leaded : Sec A-A Wy = OW. +FG , OW. Axxty- 22) x0 c= ( 0,8%1.0- 4" )2.5 = 1.293 tm’ Wy 1, = 1.293+0.3 x0,8 = 1.533 im \ unit 52. 4 oe Moment due to Sidewatk only. funit unit width = 80 cm Mya unit 18.74 Moment due to Side walk only. uni (22a Ve nn unit width = 80 cm Mx/unit = 4.53x 0.80= [3.62 mt\ unit ] DL. — —— MXx/ unit = 2.86x.0.80= [2.29 mt\ unit LL at Point ® Mx /unit =-7.74x 0.80= [= 6.19mt\ unif DL. MY /unit: =-4.87x 0.80= |_3.9 mt\ unit LL, J 3) Moments due to Live Load only, (L.L.) —— As Example 2 @ Max moment at point Q 5 Lo eee ~ ; 156.86 Ve @ - a NN + Mmas, 2 a 314.31 : M (mein) = 324.61 = 44.9 mim 22.41 0 Q 7 = T x a —_L 49 Mant 63)© Max moment at point G). . Wy Y 195.21 Y “ys 295.13 M (mdm) = 185.21 _ 27.89 mtim : 27.89 Ne] > 42.16 27.89 Max - Max B.M. due to L.L/m —S— teem oo 299 44.9 Max - Max B.M, due to L.L /unit M/ unit =Minx 0.80 PP oe A 7 2.39 35.92 point) ; Af ' one M,, FLA 1 tL side walk =~-37.49 -22.32--6.19 — 3.9 aDesign of section 0.8- 0.2 _ 10-04_ Wa Gee 07 b= Seo 0.60 k,=2.2 Tey = 0.40 y= 0.40% 300 = 120 tom. h=K, Mme. . 2.2 x | 69.9_ = 6.66 m - Vb Ey ¥0.8x1200 Take h = 0.80 ml ee, 06-02 = 46 = 0.67 x04. O.W=( 0.8%0.6-9"* 2.5 106 Am = 0.88 tim J Saea aaa eaee SaunsSUUSULLIEISRESUSEEEEREEREEAESESE Q Wh 1.= 0.88 +0.3x0.6 |__mom | __140m_| 25.97 =1.06 tlm’ | unit My unit 12.99 " ' \ o®Max - Max B.M. due to L.L / unit unit width = 60 em M/ unit =M/mx0.6 16.74 18 26.94 : io Moment due to Side walk only. [unit unit width = 60 cm at Point @ Mx/unit = 453x 0.6 DL. 2.72 mt\ unit 172 mt unit | Myx /unit = 2.86 6.6 LL at Point 6) Mx/ unit =-7.74x 0.6 = [=4.64 mi unit DL. Mx/ unit =- 4.87 0.6 = [2.92 mt unit LL. oe M, = M+ Maisie walk cee oa a @ =~ eee mt M,= M,,+ My sia walk M,, a Ma site walk =— 25.97— 4.64 -16.74 - 2.92 =- §0,27 mut. point) , M,= M,,+ Mo site a 12.99 + 1.72 =14. a mt, M,,= M, + My site wate + M+ Me site wat = 12.99+1.72+ 26.94 +2.92= 44,57 mt.30.61 Mp, unit ? < \ 14.71 50.27 Mrz, Juni g < \ 44.57 point) ena = 38 «GOH 0.286 m ming) = 5037 - G06) =0.04 m point) © maxQ) = oe +406 =0.227 m @, alm min = 44:57 9.061 0.012 min = TGF ~ “9354 m Cyc, = 0.18 1.53 tlm Lo 14.0m 14.0 1m _ @~ wh 28.3 [Ne MeinaP - ae wl \ 25.47 25.47 < j @ - MrnaP, 50.94 : a/ E,,,= 0.40 y= 0.40% 300 = 120 Kg/em? Fop= 0.45 Fuy= 0.45% 300 = 135 Kg/em? Check For Normal Stresses : Transfer Stage : Sec@® pa PB _ Mba, Mo. tp A” Be" Le 2 269 _ 56.6, 30.61 _ _ 1196 vin? <~ 1350 vm pi eoees “0354 “0.061 * 9.061 =- 7269 , 566 _ _ 30.61 _ 333.8 < 0 Foo §334" 06T ~ 0.061 Sec@ P Minas _ My Ey at Oe 269. 28.3 14.7 | 0 =" 9354 0.061 0.061 a pane) 6 Okeear 0.3, 14.71 — _982.7 <~1350 bot 9.354 “0.001 * 0,061 Len Ee A whee tn ir nthe te ete SWorking Stage : c Sec® _- 242. 50.94, 50.27 = 242. 50.94 = - 694.6<0 0354 “0.061 *~ 9.961 uate Foyy=— 22, , 5094 _ 50.27 — 672.6 2-1200 0.354" 0.061 — 0.061 Sec@ ae hie alee aad _- 242 , 2547 _ 4456 2H | 2347 _ 44.56 _ _ 996.6 <= 1200 0.354" 0.061 0.061 Fu=—- 22 2547, 4456 = 3707 <0 0.354 0.061" 0.061 p_P _ 269 T= 99 709 7308 ton ; =. 75 Ey =0.75% 18.4 =13.8 tom cables = 3J0_ _ f 4, Taig = 21-74 oni Choose 4 Cabies each (10 D 10 Jj4oddns w g-g Jas x, ———— JIN MOT H9 LIAN NOT B9 “a 978 9 ant PATA AEN IPT Bion LGS"Y/ETBOL