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ENGLISH
NAME: DINA MONTERO
TOPIC: PREFIXES
AND
SUFFIXES
PREFIXES
PREFIXES
AND
SUFFIXES
(PREFIX)
/ OR FUNCTION
ROOTS. UNDERSTANDING
OR END OF A WORD
MANY
(SUFFIX)
TO CHANGE THE
MEANING AND
OF THE WORD.
LATIN
PREFIXES
THE
MEANING.
EXAMPLE:
MORAL
MODERN
WRAP
AMORAL (MORAL
AMORAL)
POSTMODERN (MODERNO
UNWRAP (ENVOLVER
POSTMODERNO)
DESENVOLVER)
THE PREFIX CO
MEANS COMPANY, CO-AUTHORED. USUALLY ACCOMPANIED SCRIPT:
EXAMPLE:
STARRING/CO-STARRING=PROTAGONISTA/COPROTAGONISTA,ESTRELLAS/CO...
PRODUCER/CO-PRODUCER = PRODUCTOR/COPRODUCTOR
THE PREFIX EX
PREFIX REFERS TO SOMETHING OLD, ABOVE. USUALLY
EXAMPLE:
BOYFRIEND/EX-BOYFRIEND=NOVIO/EXNOVIO
WIFE/EX WIFE = ESPOSA/EX ESPOSA
THE PREFIX MIS
DO SOMETHING WRONG,
UNSCRIPTED VERBS:
IT IS FOLLOWED BY A HYPHEN.
USUALLY
ACCOMPANIED
EXAMPLE:
PRINT/MISPRINT = IMPRIMIR/COMETER ERRATA
REPRESENT/MISREPRESENT = REPRESENTAR/FALSIFICAR
THE PREFIX BIO
EXAMPLE:
DIVERSITY/BIODIVERSITY = DIVERSIDAD/BIODIVERSIDAD
CHEMISTRY/BIOCHEMISTRY = QUMICA/BIOQUMICA
WEPONS/BIOWEPONS = ARMAS/ARMAS BIOLGICAS
THE PREFIX SUB
THE SUB CODE MEANS BENEATH, BASS. IT HAS
EXAMPLE:
WAY/SUBWAY = VA/VA SUBTERRNEA
MARINE/SUBMARINE = MARINO/SUBMARINE
UNDER
PREFIX:
THE
ACTS
PREFIX IN
POSITIVELY INCREASING ACCOMPANYING NOUN, IT MEANS PUTTING IN STATUS (IN
THE DIRECTION indicated BY THE NOUN):
EXAMPLE:
LARGE/ENLARGE = GRANDE/AGRANDAR
DANGER/ENDANGER = PELIGRO/PONER EN PELIGRO
THE PREFIX RE
RE MEANS AGAIN, RETURN
OR REPETITION OF AN ACTION.
ACCOMPANYING VERBS AND CAN BE JOINED BY A HYPHEN:
EXAMPLE:
RE
PRESENTS
come/recome = venir/volver
direct/redirect = directo/redireccionado
infectant/disinfectants = infectante/desinfectante
arm/disarms = armado/desarmado
charge/overcharge = carga/sobrecarga
time/overtime = tiempo,vez/horas extras, sobre tiempo
EXAMPLE:
developed/underdeveloped = desarrollado/subdesarrollado
production/underproduction = produccin/subproduccin
THE
PREFIX II
IL IS TRANSLATED DENIAL ILE TYPE:
EXAMPLE:
legitimate/illegitimate = legtimo/ilegtimo
legal/illegal = legal/illegal
THE PREFIX UN
THE TYPE CODE IS A CAUSE DENIAL CONTRARY TO THAT INDICATED BY THE ROOT
THE WORD. IT MEANS IN, ANTI SHORTLY. IT APPLIES TO ADJECTIVES, NOUNS AND
VERBS:
EXAMPLE:
faithful/unfaithful = fiel/infiel
happy/unHappy = feliz/infeliz
equal/unequal = igual/desigual
MEANS MULTI.
historic/prehistoric = histrico/prehistrico
marital/premarial = matrimonial/prematrimonial
THE PREFIX TO
THE PREFIX = TO,
EXAMPLE:
EVEN TO
medic/paramedic = mdico/paramdico
tifoide/paratifoide = tiroide/paratiroide
AGAINST.
perspirant/antiperspirant = transpirante/antitranspirante
wrinkle/anti-wrinkle = arruga/antiarruga
THE
PREFIX IM
IM NEGATION PREFIX WHICH MEANS THE OPPOSITE, WITHOUT, IN:
OF
EXAMPLE:
material/immaterial = material/inmaterial
possible/impossible = posible/imposible
final/semifinal = final/semifinal
circle/semicircle = crculo/semcirculo
THE
THE
SUFFIXES
FOR
EXAMPLE:
NOUN SUFFIX
MAINTAIN [V.] - MAINTANENCE [N.] (MANTENER - MANTENIMIENTO)
VERB SUFFIX
BRIGHT [ADJ.] - BRIGHTEN [V.] (BRILLANTE - ILUMINAR)
ADJECTIVE SUFFIX
ENJOY [V.] - ENJOYABLE [ADJ.] (DISFRUTAR - AGRADABLE)
ABLE SUFFIX
SUFFIX FORMING ADJECTIVES
MEANS ABLE, IBLE:
EXAMPLE:
to drink/drinkable = beber/bebible
to reason/reasonable = razonar/rasonable
SUFFIX FUL
THE FUL SUFFIX IS ADDED
DHS, GONE, BEAR:
EXAMPLE:
wonder/wonderful = maravilla/maravilloso
color/colorful = color/colorido
SUFFIX MENT
FEMALE).
BOTH
MAKE A
ENGLISH USE THE SUFFIX MENT TO CONVERT SOME VERBS INTO NOUNS. MAKING
THE SPANISH LANGUAGE OR EXTENSION, ING, MENTO IS OBTAINED
EXAMPLE:
IN
to move/movement = mover/movimiento
to enlarge/enlargement = agrandar/agrandamiento
SUFFIX NESS
WITH THE SUFFIX
Sick/sickness = enfermo/enfermedad
Dark/darkness = oscuro/oscuridad
SUFFIX ANCE
THE SUFFIX ANCE
to guide/guidance = guiar/gua
to insure/Insurance = asegurar/seguro
SUFFIX Y
THE SUFFIX
SUFFIX LY
THIS SUFFIX ENABLES TRANFORMAR A QUALIFYING ADJECTIVE OR A NOUN IN AN
ADVERB, MEANING ADDING THE MIND. ADJECTIVES IN HIM AND BY SIMPLY CHANGING
AND; THOSE ENDING IN LY, CONVERT AND L I IS ADDED; ENDING IN UE TO CHANGE THE
E IN L; LL THE TERMINATED AND ONLY ADDED; UE FINISHED IN AND BY CHANGING LY.
EXAMPLE:
bad/badly = malo/malamente
open/openly = abierto/abiertamente
water/watery = agua/acuoso
anger/angry = enojo/enojado
SUFFIX OUS
OUS SUFFIX, WHICH
danger/dangerous = peligro/peligroso
fury/furious = furia/furioso
CAL SUFFIX
BECOMES SUBSTANTIVE. ADJECTIVES. NOUNS ENDING IN C ONLY ADDED TO. IT MEANS
ICO, ICA
EXAMPLE:
alphabet/alphabetical = alfabeto/alfabtico(ica)
medic/meical = mdico/mdico (a)
SUFFIX SHIP
ADDING THE SUFFIX
citizen/citizenship = ciudadano/ciudadana
dictator/dictatorship = dictador/dictadura
LESS SUFFIX
THIS SUFFIX GIVES
worth/worthless = til/intil
hoe/hopeless = esperanza/sin esperanza
SUFFIX TION
THE SUFFIX WHICH
to educate/education = educar/educacin
to pollute/pollution = contaminar/contaminacion
SUFFIX TH
TH ADDED TO
AND
ADDED TO
five/fifth = cinco/quinto
ten/tenth = diez/dcimo
SUFFIX ISH
ISH SUFFIX IS
ATTENUATION.
IF
THE NOUN ENDS IN E CHANGES AND YOU CAN ADD BY I SH. IF THE NOUN ENDS IN
AND RETAIN AND ADD ISH. IF THE NOUN ENDS IN A CONSONANT IT IS SIMPLY ADDS ISH
FOR THE ADJECTIVE.
EXAMPLE:
SUFFIX HOOD
WHEN WE ADD THE
NOUN.
EXAMPLE:
mother/motherhood = madre/maternidad
likeli/likelihood = probable/probabilida
Bibliography
http://www.curso-ingles.com/gramatica-inglesa/prefix_suffix.php