Arney Kaner - May 3, 2013

SpotLIGHT Webinar
C
Comparisons
i
b
between
t
IEC and
d
ANSI/IEEE switchgear features
ABB Inc.
May 2, 2013 | Slide 1

ANSI vs. IEC standards

Introduction

IEC = International Electrotechnical

C
Commission
i i

Founded in 1904 in St. Louis, MO

Recognized
g
by
y the World Trade
Organization

Consists of over 50 National

Committees,, each having
g equal
q
voting
g
rights

Represents 85 % of the worlds

population and 95 % of the electric
energy produced and consumed

Potential customer profile and application

Opportunities

Self-insured entities, such as an Electric Utility.

Large, heavy industrial enterprise , i.e. aluminum smelter, steel mill,

refinery.

Experience
p
and willingness
g
to work with the local electrical inspector.
p

Confined space need front access only type of equipment

Non-Standard system voltage, i.e. 16kV, 24kV

Customer wants to have a grounding switch for outgoing feeders.

Equipment ratings do not exceed 600A/31.5kA, since within these

ratings
g IEC switchgear
g
has dimensional advantages.
g

ANSI vs. IEC standards

Applicable standards

Medium Voltage Switchgear

ANSI C37 vs. IEC 62271

Low Voltage Switchgear

UL845 UL891
UL845,
UL891, UL1558 vs.
s IEC 60439

Degree of protection per IEC 60529

First numeral code
Protection against ingress of solid foreign objects

Degree of protection per IEC 60529

Second numeral code
Protection against harmful ingress of water

ANSI vs. IEC standards

Medium & low voltage switchgear

Motor Control Center

ANSI/UL: Different standards for Switchgear and Motor Control

Centers

IEC: No differentiation,, one common standard

Temperature ratings

ANSI: Ambient temperature between -30C and +40C

IEC: Maximum of +40C (options for +50/55C) and minimum of

-5C (options for -15/25C)

Installation

ANSI: Indoor and outdoor

IEC: Indoor only

ANSI vs. IEC standards

Medium & low voltage switchgear

Interlocking

ANSI: Specific rules; key-interlocking preferred

IEC: General rules, electro-mechanic interlocking preferred

E l
Enclosure

ANSI: Differentiation between enclosure and vent openings,

minimum thickness

IEC: No differentiation and no specification

Insulation

ANSI: Primary bus and connections to be insulated

IEC: Busbar design left to the manufacturer

ANSI vs. IEC standards

Medium & low voltage switchgear

Instrument Transformers

ANSI: Window-type current transformers on both sides of the

circuit breaker

IEC: Cast resin current transformers on line-side of the circuit

breaker

Option for non-traditional current and voltage sensors in IEC

switchgear
g

Low Voltage Compartment

ANSI: Depending on specific designs, there may not be a LV

compartment relays and control are mounted on the circuit
breaker compartment door

IEC: LV compartment with metallic separation from HV

compartments for relays and control

ANSI vs. IEC standards

Low voltage switchgear

Electromagnetic Compatibility

UL: No specification

IEC: General rules, electro-mechanic interlocking preferred

Di l t i T
Dielectric
Testing
ti

UL: No BIL test required, lower power frequency test voltage

IEC: BIL test with 1.2/50 required,

q
, higher
g
p
power frequency
q
y test
voltage

Clearances

UL: One value

IEC: Creepage distances defined based on material quality,

clearances defined based on over-voltage category

Definitions - IEC 62271

Medium voltage switchgear

Compartment Accessibility

Interlock-controlled accessible

Procedure-based accessible

Tool based accessible

Tool-based

Non-accessible

Definitions - IEC 62271

Medium voltage switchgear

Loss of Service Continuity

LSC1

LSC2A

1 LV Compartment
2 Pressure Relief Duct (optional)
3 Bus Bar Compartment
4

Circuit Breaker Compartment

5 Cable Compartment

Switchgear must be completely

g
before opening
p
g
de-energized
circuit breaker compartment

As LSC1,
LSC1 but main bus bars and
functional units adjacent to the
one to be opened can remain
energized
g

LSC2B

As LSC2A, but cable

compartment can remain
energized

Definitions - IEC 62271

Medium voltage switchgear

Internal Arc Classification

Accessibility: A, B or C front / lateral /

rear

A (F, L, R): to authorized

personnel

B (F, L, R): to all

C: not accessible due to

installation

Test values

Test current in kilo-amperes (kA)

Duration in seconds (s)

Definitions - IEC 62271 / 61641

Arc resistance

Test Criteria for Personnel Protection

Doors must remain closed and no opening of the cover panels

must occur

No hazardous p
parts to be ejected
j

No holes in the external housing in any parts accessible to

personnel

Vertically and horizontally arranged fabric indicators must not

incinerate

All earthing connections must remain effective

Definitions - VDE0660 part 500

Arc resistance

Test Criteria for Plant Protection (incl. System Function)

Arc must be limited to defined area and must not re-ignite in

adjacent units

Emergency
g
y operation
p
of the switchgear
g
p
possible,, after fault has
been repaired and/ or respective functional units of the defined
area have been isolated or removed

Differences between IEEE and IEC AR testing

The two largest differences between the IEEE C37.20.7 and the IEC
62271 requirements are the use of 40gm/ m
m indicator material for the
IEC Type B accessibility. IEEE C37.20.7 testing used 150gm/ m
cotton material for all accessibility ratings of 2, 2B and 2C and 2BC. In
addition, we place all test cloths 10cm from the front and sides of the
switchgear versus the IEC 30cm distance.
distance

The IEEE testing guide defines the Rating Basis as the rated short
time current of the equipment. The testing guide permits a minimum
of 10-cycles
y
((0.167s)) through
g a maximum of 30-cycles
y
((0.5s)) of rated
arc duration. The minimum duration of 0.167s is designed as an arcfault test for resistance of the switchgear to pressure increase. This
tests the ability to contain the explosive forces until the expanding gas
is
s relieved
e e ed in a co
controlled
t o ed manner
a e a
and
d for
o bu
burn-through
t oug o
of tthe
ea
arcing
c g
erosion of the switchgear walls until most relaying will remove the
source of the fault. The maximum test duration of 0.5s establishes a
longer time duration to show burn-through resistance for longer relay
coordination before the fault source is removed.

IEC vs. IEEE arc-resistant requirements

IEC 62271-200 vs. IEEE C37.20.7 ARC-RESISTANT REQUIREMENTS

Requirement

IEEE C37.20.7

IEC 62271-200

Test Voltage

Same as equipment

Same as equipment

T t Current
Test
C
t peakk

2 7 x rms *
2.7

2 5 x rms
2.5

Test Duration

167ms for pressure

0.5 sec for burn-through

167ms for pressure

1 sec for burn-through*

Arc- Initiation

0.5mm diameter wire

0.5mm diameter wire

Indicators

150g/m / m all Types

150mm x 150mm frame

150g/m / m Type A
40g/m / m Type B *
150mm x 150mm frame

Indicator Location
2 meters high

A. front 10cm away

A
B. front / sides 10cm away
C. front / side / adjacent 10cm away *

A. facing surfaces 30cm away

A
B. facing surfaces 10cm away

ANSI vs. IEC standards

Summary

For Switchgear ANSI / UL and IEC have very different philosophies

IEC Standards DO

IEC Standards
St d d DO NOT
NOT

define fabrication techniques and material solutions

Neither ANSI / UL nor IEC is better

define requirements for performance and testing

Note, however, that UL does not define arc-resistance

Do not try to mix and match ANSI /UL and IEC standards

IEC Switchgear
ABB UniGear

ABB Inc.
May 2, 2013 | Slide 19

IEC Switchgear
ABB UniGear

ABB Inc.
May 2, 2013 | Slide 20

UniGear ZS1 single level section view

Front access only

ABB Inc.
May 2, 2013 | Slide 21

Unit compartments

A Circuit-breaker compartment

B Main Bus compartment

C Cable compartment

D Low voltage compartment

E Compact
p
g
gas duct channel

ABB UniGear
Passive / active arc protection

Passive Arc Protection

Design to withstand the thermodynamic stress of an internal arc

Segmentation
g
into compartments
p

Mechanical rigidity

Pressure relief with arc duct

Protective relaying

Active Arc Protection (optional)

Additional systems to shorten the

exposure to an internal arc

Pressure sensors

Combination of optical and current

sensors

ABB UniGear
Variety of switching devices

Vacuum circuit breakers

Spring mechanism

Magnetic actuator

SF6 gas circuit breakers

Fused vacuum contactor

ABB UniGear
Instrument transformers / sensors

Conventional current and voltage transformers

Innovative current and voltage sensors

Large dynamic range

IInsensitive
iti tto ferroresonance
f
and
d DC
voltage components

Short-circuit proof

Short delivery

Questions to ask the customer to identify opportunity

Would your insurance carrier recognize non-UL listing/certificate?

E
Examples:
l
ETL (US);
(US) CSI (Canada)
(C
d )

Would you work with your local electrical inspector to get a permit?
ABB will provide all required technical support.

If the switchgear is installed against the wall, and does not require rear
access would it solve your problem?

iis th
the d
design
i lload
d within
ithi 600A and
d th
the available
il bl short
h t circuit
i it currentt
does not exceed 31.5kA? ABBs IEC switchgear would save both
space and money.

ABB Inc.
May 2, 2013 | Slide 25

Contact information

If you have further questions , please contact me:

ABB Inc.
May 2, 2013 | Slide 26

PRESENTER

Arney Kaner, PE

COMPANY

ABB Inc.

PHONE

(847) 486-1290

E MAIL
E-MAIL

arney kaner@us abb com

arney.kaner@us.abb.com