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SAP AG
SAP AG
TAMM30 4.0B
1-1
Unit 1
Unit 2
Unit 3
Unit 4
SAP AG
SAP AG
TAMM30 4.0B
1-2
SAP AG
SAP AG
TAMM30 4.0B
1-3
material valuation
Name the influencing factors and their grouping
MM transactions yourself
Use the simulation function
SAP AG
SAP AG
TAMM30 4.0B
1-4
Documents
Material
document
49000107
Posting a
goods issue
11
Changing the
valuation price
for a material
22
Accounting
document
4900022313
Accounting
document
480000079
SAP AG
Various transactions and events in MM are relevant for Accounting. These transactions and events must
be recorded in an accounting document that contains the postings made to the G/L accounts in Financial
Accounting.
As far as possible, the system should derive the G/L account numbers that are referred to in a document
of this type automatically.
SAP AG
TAMM30 4.0B
1-5
Goods receipt
Goods issue
Account
maintenance
MM transactions
Debit/credit
material
Transfer posting
Incoming
invoice
$ 29.00
Invoice
Price change
$ 25.00
R
SAP AG
MM transactions and events for which you can configure the automatic posting facility occur within the
areas of Inventory Management, Invoice Verification and Material Valuation.
SAP AG
TAMM30 4.0B
1-6
Chart of accounts
Company code
Valuation area
Plant
0001
0001
001
001
Plant
Plant
Plant
Plant
0002
0002
Plant
Plant
Plant
Plant
0001
0010
0001
0002
0008
0001
0002
0008
Valuation type
SAP AG
You assign a company code to a chart of accounts using Customizing for FI.
In transactions within the MM application the valuation area is hidden. In Customizing, you can choose
whether the valuation area is the same as the company code or the plant.
You must make this setting before creating materials and before entering individual transactions or
events within MM Inventory Management.
If a material is subject to split valuation, you can valuate partial stocks of this material at different
prices and manage them using separate accounts.
SAP AG
TAMM30 4.0B
1-7
Company
code
0001
1000
2000
Chart of
accounts
GKR
0002
3000
0003
4000
IKR
SAP AG
SAP AG
TAMM30 4.0B
1-8
0001
0002
Plant
Company
code
1000
1000
2000
2000
2100
3000
Chart of
accounts
GKR
3000
0003
4000
4000
IKR
R
SAP AG
SAP AG
TAMM30 4.0B
1-9
Grouping of Materials
Option 1
ROH
Mat. 1
Option 2
Acct 1
Mat. 2
HIBE
Mat. 3
Mat. 4
FERT
Mat. 5
Mat. 6
ROH
ROH
Mat. 1
Mat. 2
Acct 2
Option 3
Mat. 1
Acct 1
Mat. 2
Acct 1
Acct 2
HIBE
Mat. 3
Mat. 4
Acct 3
FERT
Mat. 5
Acct 3
Mat. 6
R
SAP AG
You can configure the G/L account determination for all materials belonging to a material type or even
for several material types.
However, you can also define that the system should determine different G/L accounts for different
materials belonging to a single material type.
You can also combine options two and three, that is:
Group several material types
Assign different G/L accounts to different materials within this group
SAP AG
TAMM30 4.0B
1-10
Account category
reference
Valuation class
FERT
HALB
HAWA
.
.
.
ROH 1
0001
7900
0002
3000
3010
3020
3030
3040
0003
ROH 2
3100
0004
ROH 3
...
3200
SAP AG
The account category reference is the grouping term for account determination on the basis of the
material type.
You can assign several valuation classes to an account category reference.
You assign each material type to an account category reference.
When you maintain the accounting data for a material of this material type, you can choose one of the
valuation classes defined for the corresponding account category reference.
The system determines the G/L account for this material according to the settings for this valuation
class.
If a material is subject to split valuation, the system determines the account using the valuation class for
the valuation type record (see later).
SAP AG
TAMM30 4.0B
1-11
Valuation Class
Material
Material A
A
Valuation
class
Material
Material B
B
1000
Valuation
class
??
Account determination
2000
300010
300010
300020
300020
SAP AG
The account determined for a posting transaction (such as a stock posting) depends on the valuation
class. If two materials are assigned different valuation classes, their stock values can be managed on
different stock accounts.
If a material is subject to split valuation, the system uses the valuation class of the valuation type record.
SAP AG
TAMM30 4.0B
1-12
Invoice
Verification
Transaction
Material
BSX
300000
Posting string
for values
Transaction/event
PRD
281000
SAP AG
A posting record indicates the G/L accounts affected in a business transaction that is relevant for
Accounting. The debit entries are always shown first.
In the R/3 System, posting transactions are defined for each transaction or event in Materials
Management that is relevant for Accounting. Since individual R/3 customers use different charts of
accounts, general posting records are assigned to each transaction or event in a so-called value string.
Instead of definite G/L account numbers, this contains transaction/event keys for the relevant posting
transaction.
You define the assignment of value strings to goods movements and the breakdown of the value string
into transaction or event keys in Customizing for Inventory Management and Physical Inventory.
In Customizing, you specify G/L accounts for the various posting transactions.
SAP AG
TAMM30 4.0B
1-13
Transaction
Rule
Chart of account
Parameters on which
account assignment
depends
Transaction
SAP AG
You can configure account determination for MM transactions in the Customizing menu of
valuation/account assignment or financial accounting.
You can define rules to determine whether
valuation classes
are taken into consideration in account assignment. You can also configure the system so that you can
enter different accounts for debit and credit postings.
SAP AG
TAMM30 4.0B
1-14
Chart of accounts
Valuation
grouping
code
Account
grouping
Valuation
class
G/L account
(debit/credit)
R
SAP AG
You can use the rules to define whether the configuration of automatic postings for a posting transaction
depends on the:
Valuation grouping code
Account grouping (not possible for every transaction/event key)
Valuation class
You use another rule to define for each posting transaction whether different G/L accounts can be
assigned for debit and credit postings (meaningless for stock accounts).
In addition, you assign the posting keys for each posting transaction.
SAP AG
TAMM30 4.0B
1-15
Company code
Chart of accounts
Plant/
Valuation area
Valuation
grouping
code
Valuation class
Material type
Value/quantity
update
Value string
Business
transaction
Goods movement/
invoice verification
Trans./event key
Account grouping
R
SAP AG
The settings for automatic postings depend on the following system parameters:
Chart of accounts for the company code
Valuation grouping code for the plant or company code
Valuation class for the material
Transaction/event key from the value string possibly with account grouping
SAP AG
TAMM30 4.0B
1-16
Simulation
Selection of:
Plant
Material/
Valuation class
Movement type/
Transaction
SAP AG
You can use the simulation function to check your account number assignments. However, this does not
eliminate the need for test postings.
The simulation function generates a lists of the posting lines that are possible in the case of a specific
transaction or event, together with the account numbers assigned. It also shows the parameters on which
the account determination process is based.
You can define which parameters should be specified during simulation.
There is an analysis function that shows the transactions or events for which a certain G/L account
number is used.
SAP AG
TAMM30 4.0B
1-17
Company codes,
plants, material types
set up?
Maintain
valuation classes
Use purchasing
account?
Dependencies from
the valuation class
(rules)?
Dependencies
from DEBIT/CREDIT
(rules)?
Select business
transaction or event
Assign
G/L accounts
Chart of
accounts?
Group
valuation areas
R
Save/Exit?
SAP AG
The wizard provides you with the necessary support to set up the accounts for your postings in
Materials Management quickly and easily.
Using the account determination wizard, you can make the system settings for automatic posting quickly
by answering the wizards questions. You can call up additional information by selecting About
Recommendations and About R/3 Significance. Depending on the answers you give, the system calls
up the relevant Customizing tables.
With the exception of a few restrictions (that are explained in the wizard), you can use the wizard to call
up the following functions:
Display or maintain company codes, plants and material types (prerequisite)
Select the material types to be used
Configure purchase account management (only required for certain countries, such as France,
Belgium and Spain)
Grouping valuation areas
Define rules for stock postings and other postings
Define valuation classes
Assign stock accounts
Assign the other G/L accounts depending on the business transaction involved.
SAP AG
TAMM30 4.0B
1-18
SAP AG
SAP AG
TAMM30 4.0B
1-19