Experiment No.

The objective of this practice is to carry out a closed loop control by an

on/off controller by the closing and opening of the A VS-I, AVS-2, AVS-3
solenoid valves and the activation of pump 2 using proportional
derivative controller.

Apparatus:

UCP-L
Control and Acquisition Software
Water

Diagram:

Procedure:

Connect the interface of the equipment and the control software

Select the control on/off option
Make a double click on the on/off control, select the flow wanted. there are
a certain flow, a tolerance and a performance time set by default. It allows
the students to play with these parameters and see the influences of each
one
The level control can be carried out by the activation of a single actuator,
or of several ones, to which different tolerances are allowed. These
controllers work as security system measures when the controlled variable
exceeds in a tolerance the set value. To activate or to disable any of these
controllers you may have to double click on each of them and press the
button "PAUSE"

Calculate the inertia of the system for an on/off response and determine
the limit time for an exact control

The following graph is obtained when we set the gain upto 0.005

PD controller graph
120
100
80

SC-1

60

SC-1

40
20
0

Time

D controllers
D controllers generate the manipulated variable from the rate of change of the
error and not as P controllers from their amplitude. Therefore, they react much
faster than P controllers: even if the error is small, derivative controllers
generate. By anticipation, so to speak large control amplitudes as soon as a
change in amplitude occurs. A steady-state error signal, however, is not
recognized by D controllers, because regardless of how big the error, its rate of
change is zero. Therefore, derivative-only controllers are rarely used in practice.
They are usually found in combination with other control elements, mostly in
combination with proportional control.

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