Here are some major differences to Vedic astrology:

KP system gives importance to the Constellations / Stars / Nakshatras divisions

of the Zodiac which is obviously the most desired for precision.
Further it divides each Constellation / Star / Nakshatra division into further 9
subdivisions called 'SUBS'. These sub divisions are not equal divisions, but ar
e as per the Vimshottari Dashas Divisions System.
K.P. System uses K.P. Ayanamshas as opposed to Lahiri Ayanamshas mostly used in
Vedic System. The difference between two is about 6 minutes (Kala).
This system uses Cusps that is house/ bhav beginnings like Western Systems, as o
pposed to Vedic System which uses House Centres i.e. Bhav Madhyas.
This system uses Placidus House system.
The planet in its dasha gives results as per its Nakshtra-Swami (Star-Lord) rath
er than the planet itself.
Hence Planet is represents the SOURCE, that Planet's Star-Lord represents the EF
FECTS, RESULTS and that Planet's Sub gives idea of the FINAL DIRECTION of that r
esult.
KP highly uses Ruling Planets methodology which says that the planets at the tim
e of desire and fructifications are always same.