Lesson Note

What is Ratio?
A ratio is on how much of one thing there is compared to another thing.
In mathematics, a ratio is a quotient used to compare quantities of the same units of
measure.
Ratio can also written as fraction
Two types of Ratio
Part to part Ratio- comparing one part of a quantity to the other quantity. For example,
the ratio of boys to girls is 2:3 or 2/3. In this ratio it compare the number of boys to the
number of girls.
Part to whole Ratio- comparing one part to the total number of quantity. For example, the
ratio of boys to all pupils 2/5. This ratio compare the number of boys to the total number
of pupils.
Scenario 1.

From the diagram, write the following ratio:

1.
2.
3.
4.

The number of girls to the number of boys

The number of boys to the number of girls
The number of girls to the total number of pupils
The number of boys to the total number of pupils

Scenario 2.

A Recipe for pancakes uses 3 cups of flour and 2 cups of milk. So the ratio of flour to
milk is 3 : 2. To make pancakes for a LOT of people we might need 4 times the quantity, so we
multiply the numbers by 4:
34 : 24 = 12 : 8
In other words, 12 cups of flour and 8 cups of milk.
The ratio is still the same, so the pancakes should be just as yummy.
Students activity
Write the ratio from the things you saw inside the workshop room.

Equivalent and Non Equivalent Ratio.

Equivalent Ratio are two ratios that have the same value when simplified
- Also called as proportions
- They are created by multiplying or dividing both numbers in the ratio by a
common value (common factor)
Non- Equivalent Ratio are two ratios that have unequal values.

Two ways to decide whether the two ratios are equal

Reduce/ or expand the ratio
Check for equal cross products.
Exercises
1.

9
3
=
12 15

2.

3 9
=
5 15

Non Equivalent Ratio

Equivalent Ratio