Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
Lupaşcu,
I. Catereniuc,
D. Batâr,
Autorii:
Teodor Lupaşcu, dr.,conferenţiar universitar, catedra Anatomia omului
Ilia Catereniuc, dr. hab., profesor universitar, catedra Anatomia omului
Dumitru Batâr, dr.,conferenţiar universitar, catedra Anatomia omului
Lilian Globa, asistent universitar, catedra Anatomia omului
Tamara Hacina, dr.,conferenţiar universitar, catedra Anatomia omului
Recenzenţi:
Emilian Onea, dr.,conferenţiar universitar, catedra Histologie, Citologie şi Embriologie
Ion Podubnâi, dr., profesor universitar, catedra Anatomie topografică şi Chirurgie operatorie
Lucrarea nr. 1
Tema: Elementele de orientare ale corpului uman. Vârsta omului, sH[XO úL
SDUWLFXODULWăĠLOH OXL LQGLYiduale. Metodele de studiere a anatomiei. Anatomia
SHYLX7HUPLQRORJLDDQDWRPLFă.
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a. Elementele de orientare ale corpului RPHQHVF SăUĠLOH GH FRUS úL VHJPHQWHOH ORU, repere
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GHFRUS3R]LĠLDDQDWRPLFă. Planuri, axe, linii.
b. Limbajul anatomic. Termeni anatomici de ordin general úi de ordin special. Nomenclatura
anatomică.
c. Nomenclatura miúcărilor segmentelor de corp.
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Fig.1
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Fig.2
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Fig.3
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8. ,QGLFDĠLPLúFăULOHUHSUH]HQWDWHSULQXUPăWRDUHDserie de imagini (fig. 4).
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Fig. 4
9. ([SOLFDĠL WHUPHQLL VXSHULRU-inferior, median, medial-lateral, proximal-distal, intern-extern,
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sinonimele lor.
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pe viu; c) QRĠLXQLGHVSUHYkUVWă
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Lucrarea nr. 2
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complementar.
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segmentele lui.
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Fig.1
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Fig.2
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Fig.3
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disciplinelor clinice.
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Lucrarea nr. 3
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ansamblu sunt importante pentru studierea anatomiei topografice, chirurgiei,
traumatologiei, neurologiei, radiologiei etc.
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cele demonstrate în muzeul de osteologie sau pe calculator
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palpabile pe viu.
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Lucrarea nr. 4
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Lucrarea nr. 5
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studiat.
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f. Piciorul în ansamblu.
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'XUDWDOXFUăULLSUDFWLFH 3 ore.
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IXQFĠLLORU PXúFKLORU DFHVWXL VHJPHQW GH FRUS GDU úL D XQRU GLVFLSOLQH FOLQLFH
(traumatologiei, ortopediei, imagisticii, medicinei sportive, reabilitologiei,
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musculare).
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Tema: 0XúFKLL úL IDVFLLOH PkLQLL – VWUXFWXUă WRSRJUDILH úL H[SORUDUH SH YLX
Topografia membrului superior.
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1. 6HOHFWDĠL GLQ FKHVWLRQDU Anexa 1 VXELHFWHOH WHRUHWLFH úL SUDFWLFH UHIHULWRDUH OD
temăDQDOL]DĠL-OH úL VWXGLDĠL-OH vQ FRUHVSXQGHUH FX VXUVHOH ELEOLRJUDILFH úL PDWHULDOHOH
LOXVWUDWLYHFDGDYUXOGLVHFDWSUHSDUDWHGHPX]HXPXODMHILOPHYLGHRSODQúHDWODVHQRWDĠL
tezele mai importante.
2. 5HSUH]HQWDĠLJUDILFVWUXFWXUDORJLFăDVXEWHPHORU
x Fasciile gâtului.
x Topografia gâtului.
3. $GQRWDĠLLPDJLQLOHGLQILJUHIHULWRDUHODIDVFLLOHJkWXOXL
A B
Fig. 1
166
164
4. $GQRWDĠL ILJ LQGLFDĠL PXúFKLL úL IRUPDĠLXQLOH WRSRJUDILFH DOH JkWXOXL SH LPDJLQH
UHSUH]HQWDĠLJUDILFWULXQJKLul arterei lingvale (al lui Pirogov).
Fig.2
6. 3HLPDJLQHDGLQILJLQGLFDĠLIDVFLLOHúLPXúFKLLJkWXOXLVSDĠLLOHLQWHUIDVFLDOH.
Fig. 3
167
165
7. &RQWLQXDĠLIUD]HOHUHIHULWRDUHODVSDĠLLOHLQWHUPXVFXODUHúLFHOXORDGLSRDVHLQWHUIDVFLDOHGLQ
regiunea gâtului:
a. spatium interaponeuroticum suprasternale e localizat între
anterior de
posterior de
e. spatium antescalenum DUHFDSHUHĠLDQWHULRU
posterior
úLLQIHULRU
úLFRQĠLQH
f. spatium interscalenum e delimitat anterior de
posteriror de
úLLQIHULRUGHSULQHOWUHF
8. ([SOLFDĠLWHUPHQLLSDFKHWQHXURYDVFXODUDOJkWXOXLVSDĠLX interfascial.
9. (ODERUDĠLUHIHUDWHVXFFLQWHODWHPHOH
x Topografia gâtului
x Fasciile gâtului
12. ([SULPDĠL-YăUHIHULWRUODLPSRUWDQĠDDSOLFDWLYăDLQIRUPDĠLHLREĠLQXWH
13. 6XELHFWHQHFODUHúLvQWUHEăULDSăUXWHvQUH]XOWDWXOUHDOL]ăULLOXFUăULLQU
14. ,QIRUPDĠLLVXSOLPHQWDUHODWHPă
&RQWUROXOUHDOL]ăULLOXFUăULLDSUHFLHULVXJHVWLLUHFRPDQGDĠLL
6HPQăWXUDSURIHVRUXOXL
168
166
Lucrarea nr. 30
&RQĠLQXWXOWHPHL
5HDOL]DUHDOXFUăULL:
1. 6HOHFWDĠL GLQ FKHVWLRQDU Anexa 1 VXELHFWHOH WHRUHWLFH úL SUDFWLFH UHIHULWRDUH OD
WHPăDQDOL]DĠL-OH úL VWXGLDĠL-le în corespundere cu sursele bibliografice, utilizând cadavrul,
preparate de muzeuILOPHYLGHRSODQúHPXODMHDWODVHQRWDĠLWH]HOHPDLLPSRUWDQWH
2. 5HSUH]HQWDĠLJUDILFVWUXFWXUDORJLFăDVXEWHPHORU
x 0XúFKLLFDSXOXL.
x Fasciile capului.
3. $GQRWDĠLLPDJLQLOHGLQILJUHIHULWRDUHODPXúFKLLPLPLFL
A B
Fig. 1
169
167
4. $GQRWDĠLLPDJLQLOHGLQILJUHIHULWRDUHODPXúFKLLPDVWLFDWRUL
A B
C D
Fig. 2
170
168
5. ,QGLFDĠLPXúFKLLFDUHUHDOL]HD]ăPLúFăULOHSUH]HQWDWHSULQLPDJLQLOHGLQILJ
A B C D
E F G H I
Fig. 3
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
6. &RQWLQXDĠLIUD]HOHUHIHULWRDUHODIDVFLLOHFDSXOXL
a. fascia capitis superficialisvQDVSHFWGHSHULPLVLXPDFRSHUăPDMRULWDWHDPXúFKLORU
_____________________________________________________________________________;
b. fascia capitis propria include:
x fascia temporalisFDUHVHGLYLGHvQGRXăIRLĠHBBBBBBBBBB_________________________
_______________________________________________________________________;
x fascia masseterica FDUHDFRSHUăBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB___________________;
x fascia parotideaFDUHIRUPHD]ăFDSVXOăSHQWUXBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB___________________;
x fascia bucopharyngeaFDUHDFRSHUăBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB__________________
_________________________________________________________________________.
7. )LQLVDĠLIUD]HOHFDUHĠLQGH VSDĠLLOHFHOXORDGLSRDVHLQWHUIDVFLDOHúLLQWHUPXVFXODUHDOHFDSXOXL
a. spatium interaponeuroticum temporale e localizat între ______________________________
____________________________________________________________________________;
b. spatium subaponeuroticum temporale e delimitat de ________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________;
c. spatium intermuscularis temporopterygoideum VHDIOăvQWUHBBBBBBBBBBB_______________
____________________________________________________________________________;
d. spatium intermuscularis interpterygoideum HPăUJLQLWGHBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB_____________
____________________________________________________________________________;
e. corpus adiposum buccae e localizat între _________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________.
171
169
8. 3HLPDJLQLOHGLQILJLQGLFDĠLUHSHUHOHPXVFXODUHúLRVRDVHDOHH[WUHPLWăĠLLFHIDOLFH.
A B
Fig. 4
9. 3HLPDJLQLOHGLQILJQRWDĠLPXúFKLLRULJLQHDúLLQVHUĠLDFăURUDFRUHVSXQGH]RQHORULQGLFDWH
A B
Fig. 5
10. (ODERUDĠLXQUHIHUDWVXFFLQWODWHPDÄ7HVWDUHDPXúFKLORUPLPLFLúLPDVWLFDWRUL´
172
170
11. 6HOHFWDĠLWHVWHOH$QH[D refeULWRDUHODWHPDQUUH]ROYDĠL-OHúLQRWDĠLUH]XOWDWHOH
12. &RQWURODĠLGDFăVXQWHĠLSUHJăWLWSHQWUXDGHPRQVWUDúLUHODWDFHOHVWXGLDWH
13. ([SULPDĠL-YăUHIHULWRUODLPSRUWDQĠDDSOLFDWLYăDLQIRUPDĠLHLREĠLQXWH
14. 6XELHFWHQHFODUHúLvQWUHEăULDSăUXWHvQUH]XOWDWXOUHDOL]ăULLOXFUăULLQU
15. ,QIRUPDĠLLVXSOLPHQWDUHODWHPă.
&RQWUROXOUHDOL]ăULLOXFUăULLDSUHFLHULVXJHVWLLUHFRPDQGDĠLL
6HPQăWXUDSURIHVRUXOXL
173
171
Lucrarea nr. 31
5HDOL]DUHDOXFUăULL:
1. 6HOHFWDĠL GLQ FKHVWLRQDU Anexa 1) subLHFWHOH WHRUHWLFH úL SUDFWLFH UHIHULWRDUH OD
WHPăDQDOL]DĠL-OH úL VWXGLDĠL-le în corespundere cu sursele bibliografice, folosindu-Yă GH
FDGDYUXO GLVHFDW PXODMH SUHSDUDWH GH PX]HX ILOPH YLGHR SODQúH DWODVH QRWDĠL WH]HOH PDL
importante.
2. 5HSUH]HQWDĠLJUDILFVWUXFWXUDORJLFăDFRPSRQHQWHORUWHPHLFDUHĠLQGH
x 0XúFKLLVSDWHOXL.
x Fasciile spatelui.
x Topografia spatelui.
3. $GQRWDĠLLPDJLQLOHGLQILJVFULHĠLOHJHQGD
A B
174
172
C D E
Fig. 1
4. &HVHvQĠHOHJHSULQQRĠLXQLOHGHWULXQJKLúLWHWUDJRQORPEDUL"
5. &RQWLQXDĠLIUD]HOHUHIHULWRDUHODIDVFLLOHVSDWHOXL
x fascia dorsi superficialis HSODVDWăBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB________________________;
x fascia dorsi propria DFRSHUăBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB____________________________________
úLHIRUPDWăGLQ
x lamina superficialis fasciae dorsi propriae QXPLWăúLBBBB__________________________),
FDUHDFRSHUăBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB_____________________________
x _________________________________________________________________________;
x lamina profunda fasciae dorsi propriaFDUHDFRSHUăPXúFKLXOBBBBB__________________
____________________________________________________________________________.
175
173
6. ,QGLFDĠLSHLPDJLQHDGLQILJUHSHUHOHPXVFXODUHúLRVRDVHDOHVSDWHOXL
Fig. 2
7. 7HVWDUHDFăURUPXúFKLDLVSDWHOXLHUHSUH]HQWDWăSULQLPDJLQLOHGLQILJ?
A B
C D
Fig. 3
176
174
8. (QXPHUDĠLúLH[SOLFDĠLYDULDQWHOHGHIRUPăDVSDWHOXL
9. (ODERUDĠLUHIHUDWHVXFFLQWHODWHPHOH
x Fasciile spatelui.
x Topografia spatelui.
x ([SORUDUHDSHYLXDPXúFKLORUVSDWHOXL.
11. 9HULILFDĠLFRPSHWHQĠHOHúLGHSULQGHULOHIRUPDWHvQUH]XOWDWXOVWXGLHULLWHPei.
12. ([SULPDĠL-YăUHIHULWRUODLPSRUWDQĠDDSOLFDWLYăDLQIRUPDĠLHLREĠLQXWH
13. 6XELHFWHQHFODUHúLvQWUHEăULDSăUXWHSHSDUFXUVXOUHDOL]ăULLOXFUăULLQU
14. ,QIRUPDĠLLVXSOLPHQWDUHODWHPă.
&RQWUROXOUHDOL]ăULLOXFUăULLDSUHFLHULVXJHVWLLUHFRPDQGDĠLL
6HPQăWXUDSURIHVRUXOXL
177
175
Anexa I
CHESTIONAR PRIVIND APARATUL LOCOMOTOR
&RQWUROXOFXQRúWLQĠHORUSUDFWLFH
,'LQRVWHRORJLHUHVSRQGHQĠLLYRUGHPRQVWUD
176
46. 3RUĠLXQLOHFR[DOXOXL
47. Elemente descriptive ale coxalului.
48. 3R]LĠLDDQDWRPLFăDSHOYLVXOXL
49. Pelvisul mare.
50. Pelvisul mic.
51. Promontoriul.
52. /LQLDWHUPLQDOă
53. $SHUWXUDVXSHULRDUăDSHOYLVXOXL
54. $SHUWXUDLQIHULRDUăDSHOYLVXOXL
55. Punctele pelviometrice, palpabile pe viu.
56. Dimensiunile pelvisului.
57. 3R]LĠLDDQDWRPLFăDIHPXUXOXL
58. Elementele descriptive ale femurului.
59. Elementele femurului, palpabile pe viu.
60. Radiograme ale femurului.
61. Oasele gambei.
62. 3R]LĠLDDQDWRPLFăDRDVHORUJDPEHL
63. Elementele oaselor gambei, palpabile pe viu.
64. Elementele descriptive ale tibiei.
65. Radiograme ale oaselor gambei.
66. Oasele piciorului.
67. Oasele tarsiene.
68. 3R]LĠLDDQDWRPLFăDFDOFDQHXOXL
69. Oasele metatarsiene.
70. Elementele scheletului piciorului, palpabile pe viu.
71. %ROĠLOHSLciorului.
72. Oasele craniului cerebral.
73. Elementele oaselor craniului cerebral, palpabile pe viu.
74. Oasele craniului facial.
75. Elementele craniului facial, palpabile pe viu.
76. 3RUĠLXQLOHRVXOXLIURQWDO
77. 3RUĠLXQLOHRVXOXLHWPRLG
78. 3RUĠLXQLOHRVXOXLVIHQRLG
79. 3RUĠLXQLOH osului occipital.
80. 3RUĠLXQLOHRVXOXLWHPSRUDO
81. 3RUĠLXQLOHPD[LOHL
82. 3RUĠLXQLOHRVXOXLSDODWLQ
83. 3RUĠLXQLOHPDQGLEXOHL
84. /LQLDOLPLWURIăGLQWUHEROWDúLED]DFUDQLXOXL
85. Localizarea fontanelelor la nou-QăVFXW
86. Fosele (etajele) endobazei craniului.
87. Elementele deVFULSWLYHGLQIRVDDQWHULRDUăDFUDQLXOXL
88. Elementele descriptive din fosa medie a craniului.
89. (OHPHQWHOHGHVFULSWLYHGLQIRVDSRVWHULRDUăDFUDQLXOXL
90. %D]DH[WHUQăDFUDQLXOXL
91. Fosele craniului facial.
92. &RPXQLFăULOHIRVHLSWHULJRSDODWLQH
93. 3HUHĠLLRUELWHLúL RDVHOHFDUHvLIRUPHD]ă
94. &RPXQLFăULOHRUELWHL
95. 3HUHĠLLFDYLWăĠLLQD]DOHúLRDVHOHFDUHvLIRUPHD]ă
179
177
96. 6LQXVXULOHSDUDQD]DOHFRPXQLFăULOHORU
97. &RPXQLFăULOHFDYLWăĠLLFUDQLXOXL
98. Punctele craniometrice.
II. 'LQIRUPDĠLXQLOHVWXGLDWHvQFDGUXODUWURVLQGHVPRORJLHLVWXGHQĠLLYRUGHPRQVWUD
1. Exemple de sinfibroze (sindesmoze).
2. Exemple de sincondroze.
3. Exemple de sinostoze.
4. Exemple de hemiartroze.
5. ([HPSOHGHDUWLFXODĠLLXQLD[LDOH
6. $UWLFXODĠLLWURKRLGHJLQJOLP
7. $UWLFXODĠLLWURKOHDUHFLOLQGULFH
8. $UWLFXODĠLLHOLFRLGale (cohleare, în melc).
9. ([HPSOHGHDUWLFXODĠLLELD[LDOH
10. $UWLFXODĠLLFRQGLODUH
11. $UWLFXODĠLLHOLSVRLGDOH
12. $UWLFXODĠLLVHODUHvQúD
13. ([HPSOHGHDUWLFXODĠLLSOXULD[LDOH
14. $UWLFXODĠLLVIHURLGDOH
15. $UWLFXODĠLLFRWLOLFH
16. $UWLFXODĠLLSODQH
17. Exemple de amfiartroze.
18. ([HPSOHGHDUWLFXODĠLLVLPSOH
19. ([HPSOHGHDUWLFXODĠLLFRPSXVH
20. ([HPSOHGHDUWLFXODĠLLFRPSOH[H
21. ([HPSOHGHDUWLFXODĠLLFRPELQDWH
22. $UWLFXODĠLLOHFRORDQHLYHUWHEUDOH
23. Discurile intervertebrale.
24. Ligamentele coloanei vertebrale.
25. /LJDPHQWHOHDUWLFXODĠLLORUFoloanei vertebrale cu craniul.
26. Radiograme ale coloanei vertebrale.
27. Suturile craniului.
28. $UWLFXODĠLDWHPSRURPDQGLEXODUă
29. Radiograme ale craniului.
30. $UWLFXODĠLLOHFRDVWHORUFXYHUWHEUHOH
31. $UWLFXODĠLLOHFRDVWHORUFXVWHUQXO
32. 5DGLRJUDPHDOHRDVHORUúLDUWLFXODĠLilor toracelui.
33. $UWLFXODĠLDVWHUQRFODYLFXODUă
34. $UWLFXODĠLDDFURPLRFODYLFXODUă
35. Ligamentele proprii ale scapulei.
36. )HĠHOHDUWLFXODUHDOHDUWLFXODĠLHLVFDSXORKXPHUDOH
37. Labrul glenoidal.
38. 7HQGRQXOFDSXOXLOXQJDOELFHSVXOXLúLWHDFDOXLVLQRYLDOă
39. 0LúFăULOHvQDUWLFXODĠLDVFDSXORKXPHUDOă
40. 5DGLRJUDPHDOHDUWLFXODĠLHLVFDSXORKXPHUDOH
41. )HĠHOHDUWLFXODUHDOHDUWLFXODĠLHLFRWXOXL
42. /LJDPHQWHOHDUWLFXODĠLHLFRWXOXL
43. )XQFĠLLOHDUWLFXODĠLHLFRWXOXL
44. 5DGLRJUDPHDOHDUWLFXODĠLHLFRWXOXL
45. $UWLFXODĠLLOHRDVHORUDQWHEUDĠXOXL
180
178
46. )HĠHOHDUWLFXODUHDOHDUWLFXODĠLLORURDVHORUDQWHEUDĠXOXL
47. )HĠHOHDUWLFXODUHDOHDUWLFXODĠLHLUDGLRFDUSLHQH
48. /LJDPHQWHOHDUWLFXODĠLHLUDGLRFDUSLHQH
49. /LJDPHQWHOHDUWLFXODĠLLORUPkLQLL
50. 5DGLRJUDPHDOHDUWLFXODĠLHLUDGLRFDUSLHQHúLDOHDUWLFXODĠLLORUPkLQLL
51. $UWLFXODĠLLOHSHOYLVXOXL
52. Ligamentele pelvisului.
53. Orificiile sciatice.
54. 2ULILFLXOGHOLPLWDWGHúDQĠXOREWXUDWRUúLPHPEUDQDRPRQLPă
55. 5DGLRJUDPHDOHRDVHORUúLDUWLFXODĠLLORUSHOYLVXOXL
56. )HĠHOHDUWLFXODUHDOHDUWLFXODĠLHLFR[RIHPXUDOH
57. Labrul acetabular.
58. LLJDPHQWHOHDUWLFXODĠLHLFR[RIHPXUDOH
59. )XQFĠLLOHDUWLFXODĠLHLFR[RIHPXUDOH
60. 5DGLRJUDPHDOHDUWLFXODĠLHLFR[RIHPXUDOH
61. 3R]LĠLDDQDWRPLFăDDUWLFXODĠLHLJHQXQFKLXOXL
62. )HĠHOHDUWLFXODUHDOHDUWLFXODĠLHLJHQXQFKLXOXL
63. (OHPHQWHOHDX[LOLDUHDOHDUWLFXODĠLHLJHQXQchiului.
64. )XQFĠLLOHDUWLFXODĠLHLJHQXQFKLXOXL
65. 5DGLRJUDPHDOHDUWLFXODĠLHLJHQXQFKLXOXL
66. $UWLFXODĠLLOHRDVHORUJDPEHL
67. )HĠHOHDUWLFXODUHDOHDUWLFXODĠLHLWDORFUXUDOH
68. /LJDPHQWHOHDUWLFXODĠLHLWDORFUXUDOH
69. )XQFĠLLOHDUWLFXODĠLHLWDORFUXUDOH
70. Radiograme ale aUWLFXODĠLHLWDORFUXUDOH
71. $UWLFXODĠLDPHGLRWDUVLDQă&KRSDUW
72. Ligamentul - FKHLHDODUWLFXODĠLHLOXLChopart.
73. $UWLFXODĠLLOHWDUVRPHWDWDUVLHQH/LVIUDQF
74. 5DGLRJUDPHDOHRDVHORUúLDUWLFXODĠLLORUSLFLRUXOXL
75. (OHPHQWHOHDUWLFXODĠLHLWHPSRURPDQGLEXODUHSDOSDbile pe viu.
76. (OHPHQWHOHDUWLFXODĠLLORUPHPEUXOXLVXSHULRUSDOSDELOHSHYLX
77. (OHPHQWHOHDUWLFXODĠLLORUPHPEUXOXLLQIHULRUSDOSDELOHSHYLX
III./DPLRORJLHUHVSRQGHQĠLLYRUGHPRQVWUD
1. 'LVSR]LWLYHOHDX[LOLDUHDOHPXúFKLORU
2. 0XúFKLLVXSHUILFLDOLDLVSDWHOXL
3. MXúFKLLSURIXQ]LDLVSDWHOXL
4. Triunghiul lombar (Petit).
5. 6SDĠLXOSDWUXODWHUXOORPEDU*U\QIHOG-Lesgaft).
6. Fasciile spatelui.
7. (OHPHQWHOHPXVFXODUHGLQUHJLXQHDVSDWHOXLFDUHSRWILVXSXVHLQVSHFĠLHLVDXSDOSDĠLHLSHYLX
8. 0XúFKLLWRUDFHOXL
9. Diafragma.
10. 3RUĠiunile diafragmei.
11. Fasciile toracelui.
12. 0XúFKLLWRUDFHOXLH[SORUDELOLSHYLX
13. 0XúFKLLDEGRPHQXOXL
14. 7HDFDPXúFKLXOXLUHFWDEGRPLQDO
15. /LQLLOHDUFXDWăúLVHPLOXQDUă
16. /LQLDDOEă
181
179
17. ,QWHUVHFĠLXQLOHWHQGLQRDVHDOHPUHFWXVDEGRPLQLV
18. Fasciile abdomenului.
19. Canalul inghinal.
20. 3HUHĠLLúLRULILFLLOHFDQDOXOXLLQJKLQDO
21. 0XúFKLLúLIRUPDĠLXQLOHWRSRJUDILFHDOHDEGRPHQXOXLH[SORUDELOHSHYLX
22. 0XúFKLLFHQWXULLVFDSXODUH
23. 0XúFKLLúLIRUPDĠLXQLOHWRSRJUDILFHGLQUHJLXQHDXPăUXOXLH[SORUDELOHSHYLX
24. 0XúFKLLEUDĠXOXL
25. Capetele bicepsului brahial.
26. Aponeuroza bicepsului brahial.
27. *UXSHOHGHPXúFKLDLDQWHEUDĠXOXL
28. 0XúFKLLDQWHULRULDLDQWHEUDĠXOXL
29. 0XúFKLLSRVWHULRULDLDQWHEUDĠXOXL
30. 0XúFKLLFDUHHIHFWXHD]ăIOH[LDDQWHEUDĠXOXL
31. 0XúFKLLFDUHHIHFWXHD]ăH[WHQVLDDQWHEUDĠXOXL
32. *UXSHOHGHPXúFKLDLPkLQLL
33. 0XúFKLLSDOPDULDLPkLQLL
34. 0XúFKLLGRUVDOLDLPkLQLL
35. 3HUHĠLLúLDSHUWXULOHFDYLWăĠLLD[LODUH
36. 2ULILFLLOHWULODWHUúLSDWUXODWHU
37. 7ULXQJKLXULOHSHUHWHOXLDQWHULRUDOFDYLWăĠLLD[LODUH
38. Canalul humeromuscular.
39. ùDQĠXULOHELFLSLWDle.
40. )RVDFXELWDOă
41. Canalul supinator.
42. ùDQĠXULOHGHSHIDĠDDQWHULRDUăDDQWHEUDĠXOXL
43. Spatiul celular Parona (Pirogov).
44. &DQDOXOFDUSDO&DQDOHOHUDGLDOúLXOQDUDOFDUSXOXL
45. $SRQHXUR]DSDOPDUă
46. &DQDOHOHRVWHRILEURDVHúLWHFLOHVLQRYLDOHDOHWHQGRDQHORUIOH[RULORUPkLQLLúLGHJHWHORU
47. &DQDOHOHRVWHRILEURDVHúLWHFLOHVLQRYLDOHGHSHIDĠDGRUVDOăDJkWXOXLPkLQLL
48. 0XúFKLLúLHOHPHQWHOHWRSRJUDILFHGLQUHJLXQHDD[LOHLH[SORUDELOHSHYLX
49. 0XúFKLLúLHOHPHQWHOHWRSRJUDILFHGLQUHJLXQHDEUDĠXOXLYL]LELOHúLSDlpabile pe viu.
50. 0XúFKLLúLHOHPHQWHOHWRSRJUDILFHGLQUHJLXQHDDQWHEUDĠXOXLH[SORUDELOHSHYLX
51. 0XúFKLLúLHOHPHQWHOHWRSRJUDILFHGLQUHJLXQHDPkLQLLH[SORUDELOHSHYLX
52. 0XúFKLLLQWHUQLDLED]LQXOXL
53. 0XúFKLLGLQUHJLXQHDIHVLHUă
54. *UXSHOHGHPXúFKLDLFRDpsei.
55. 0XúFKLLDQWHULRULDLFRDSVHL
56. Capetele m. quadriceps femoris.
57. 0XúFKLLPHGLDOLDLFRDSVHL
58. 0XúFKLLSRVWHULRULDLFRDSVHL
59. 0XúFKLLDQWHULRULDLJDPEHL
60. 0XúFKLLODWHUDOLDLJDPEHL
61. 0XúFKLLSRVWHULRULDLJDPEHL
62. 0XúFKLLFDUHHIHFWXHD]ăIOH[LDJDPEei.
63. 0XúFKLLGRUVDOLDLSLFLRUXOXL
65. 0XúFKLLSODQWDULDLSLFLRUXOXL
66. 0XúFKLLFDUHVXVĠLQEROĠLOHSLFLRUXOXL
67. Orificiile supra- úLLQIUDSLULIRUP
182
180
68. /DFXQHOHPXVFXODUăúLYDVFXODUă
69. Triunghiul femural (Scarpa).
70. Inelul femural.
71. 3HUHĠLLúLRULILFLLOHFDQDOXOXLIHmural.
72. )RVDRYDOăKLDWXOVDIHQ
73. Canalul obturator.
74. Canalul adductor (Hunter).
75. Canalul cruropopliteu (Gruber).
76. Fosa poplitee.
77. Canalul cruropopliteu.
78. Canalele musculofibulare.
79. ùDQĠXULOHSODQWDUH
80. )DVFLDODWăDFRDSVHL
81. Tractul iliotibial.
82. Fasciile gambei úLDOHSLFLRUXOXLúLGHULYDWHOHORU
83. Canalul lui Pirogov.
84. $SRQHXUR]DSODQWDUă
85. &DQDOHOHRVWHRILEURDVHúLWHFLOHVLQRYLDOHGLQUHJLXQHDJOH]QHLúLDSLFLRUXOXL
86. Repere musculare la nivelul fesei.
87. 0XúFKLLDQWHULRULDLFRDSVHLH[SORUDELOLSHYLX
88. 0XúFKLLSRVteriori ai coapsei, palpabili pe viu.
89. Fosa poplitee pe viu.
90. )RUPDĠLXQLOHPXVFXODUHH[SORUDELOHSHYLXODQLYHOXOJDPEHL
91. (OHPHQWHOHPXVFXODUHúLWRSRJUDILFHGLQUHJLXQHDDUWLFXODĠLHLWDORFUXUDOHJkWXOSLFLRUXOXLúLD
piciorului, palpabile pe viu.
92. GrupelHGHPXúFKLDLJkWXOXL
93. 0XúFKLLvQVHUDĠLSHRVXOKLRLG
94. 0XúFKLLSURIXQ]LDLJkWXOXL
95. 0XúFKLLVFDOHQL
96. Triunghiurile gâtului.
97. Triungiul arterei linguale (Pirogov).
98. 0XúFKLLúLIRUPDĠLXQLOHWRSRJUDILFHGLQUHJLXQHDJkWXOXLH[SORUDELOHSHYLX
99. 0XúFKLLPLPLFL DLIHĠHL
100.0XúFKLLPDVWLFDWRUL
101..Repere musculare din regiunea capului, explorabile pe viu.
&RQWUROXOFXQRúWLQĠHORUWHRUHWLFH
1. $QDWRPLDRPXOXLFDGLVFLSOLQăúLUDPXULOHHL
2. (YROXĠLDLVWRULFăDDQDWRPLHL2ULJLQHDFXQRúWLQĠHORUDQDWRPLFH$QDWRPLDvQDQWLFKitate.
3. Anatomia în evul mediu.
4. 5ROXO5HQDúWHULLvQGH]YROWDUHDDQDWRPLHL/HRQDUGRGD9LQFLúLED]HOHDQDWRPLHLPRGHUQH
5. $QGUHDV 9HVDOLXV úL DQDWRPLD PRGHUQă :LOOLDP +DUYH\ úL GHVFRSHULUHD FLUFXODĠLHL VkQJHOXL
0DUFHOOR0DOSLJKLúLvQFHSXWXULOHDQDWRPLHLmicroscopice.
6. Dezvoltarea anatomiei în secolele XVIII-XX.
7. 0HWRGHOHWUDGLĠLRQDOHúLFRQWHPSRUDQHGHH[SORUDUHXWLOL]DWHvQDQDWRPLDRPXOXL
8. 1RĠLXQL JHQHUDOH GHVSUH VWUXFWXUD FRUSXOXL XPDQ 2UJDQLVPXO úL HOHPHQWHOH OXL FRQVWLWXWLYH –
ĠHVXWXULRUJDQHVLVWHme de organe, aparate.
9. ,QWHJULWDWHDRUJDQLVPXOXL2UJDQLVPXOXPDQúLPHGLXODPELDQW
10. (WDSHOHSULQFLSDOHGHRQWRJHQH]ăDRUJDQLVPXOXLXPDQ&UHúWHUHDúLGH]YROWDUHDOXLvQSHULRDGD
DQWHQDWDOăLQWUDXWHULQă
11. &UHúWHUHDúLGH]YROWDUHDRUJDQLVPXOXLXPDQvQSHULRDGDSRVWQDWDOăH[WUDXWHULQă
183
181
12. 1RĠLXQLJHQHUDOHGHVSUHQRUPăYDULDQWHDOHQRUPHLDQRPDOLLúLLPSRUWDQĠDORUDSOLFDWLYă
13. $VSHFWHSRQGHUDOHGHVWDWXUăúLVXSUDIDĠăDFRUSXOXLRPHQHVF
14. 3URSRUĠLLOHFRUSXOXL1RĠLXQLGHVSUHPRGXO3XQFWHOHDQWURSRPHWULFHSrincipale.
15. 7LSXULOHFRQVWLWXĠLRQDOHLPSRUWDQĠDDSOLFDWLYăDLQIRUPDĠLLORUSULYLQGWLSRORJLD
16. (OHPHQWHOH GH RULHQWDUH DOH FRUSXOXL RPHQHVF XWLOL]DUHD ORU vQ VWXGLXO DQDWRPLHL úL SUDFWLFD
PHGLFDOă
17. Limbajul anatomic.
I. $SDUDWXOGHVXVĠLQHUHúLPLúFDUHJHQHUDOLWăĠL
1. $SDUDWXOGHVXVĠLQHUHúLPLúFDUH– FRPSRQHQWHUROIXQFĠLRQDO
2. Osul în calitate de organ. structura osului, periostul.
3. )XQFĠLLOHRDVHORU
4. &ODVLILFDUHDRDVHORUGXSăIRUPăORFDOL]DUHvQFRUSVWUXFWXUăGH]YROWDUH
5. 3DUWLFXODULWăĠLOHVWUXFWXUDOHDOHVFKHOHWXOXLPHPEUHORUVXSHULRDUHúLLQIHULRDUHLPSRUWDQĠDORU
DSOLFDWLYă
6. 3DUWLFXODULWăĠLOHVWUXFWXUDOHDOHRDVHORUFUDQLXOXLYDORDUHDORUDSOLFDWLYă
7. 2DVHVHVDPRLGHYRUPLHQHIRQWLFXODUHSDUWLFXODULWăĠLVWUXFWXUDOHORFDOL]DUHLPSRUWDQĠă
aplicatiYă
8. $UWLFXODĠLLOHRDVHORU– QRĠLXQLJHQHUDOHFODVLILFDUH
9. Sinartrozele – FDUDFWHULVWLFDJHQHUDOăYDULHWăĠL
10. Diartrozele – FDUDFWHULVWLFăJHQHUDOăHOHPHQWHOHORUSULQFLSDOHúLDX[LOLDUH
11. Diartrozele simple, compuse, complexe, combinate.
12. $UWLFXODĠLLOHXQi-, bi- úLSOXULD[LDOHYDULHWăĠL
13. %LRPHFDQLFDDUWLFXODĠLLORUQRĠLXQLJHQHUDOH
14. )DFWRULLFDUHFRQWULEXLHODPRGHODUHDIHĠHORUDUWLFXODUH
15. )DFWRULLFDUHLQIOXHQĠHD]ăJUDGXOGHPRELOLWDWHDDUWLFXODĠLLORU
16. 6WUXFWXUDPXúFKLORU0XúFKLXOFDRUJDQ
17. ClasificDUHDPXúFKLORUvQGHSHQGHQĠăGHIRUPăWRSRJUDILHVWUXFWXUăRULJLQHIXQFĠLL
18. 'LVSR]LWLYHOHDX[LOLDUHDOHPXúFKLORU
19. 3DUWLFXODULWăĠLOHVWUXFWXUDOHDOHIDVFLLORU5ROXOIDVFLLORUvQDFWLYLWDWHDPXúFKLORU
20. 1RĠLXQLGHVSUHSkUJKLLúLIXQFĠLLOHPXúFKLORU
21. ÎQFUXFLúDUHDPXúFKLORU/DQĠXULPXVFXODUH
22. $VHPăQăULúLGHRVHELULvQVWUXFWXUDúLDFWLYLWDWHDPXúFKLORUPHPEUHORUVXSHULRDUHúLLQIHULRDUH
23. ,QIOXHQĠDIXQFĠLHLDVXSUDVWUXFWXULLRDVHORUDUWLFXODĠLLORUúLPXúFKLORU
24. (OHPHQWHGHVWDWLFăúLGLQDPLFăDOHFRUSXOXLXPDQUROXODPRUWL]DWRUDOXQRUIRUPDĠLXQL
25. 1RĠLXQLGHVSUHFHQWUXOGHJUDYLWDĠLHDOFRUSXOXL
,96LVWHPXOPXVFXODUPLRORJLHVSHFLDOă
1. 0XúFKLLVXSHUILFLDOLúLIDVFLLOHVSDWHOXL– VWUXFWXUăWRSRJUDILHIXQFĠLL
2. 0XúFKLLSURIXQ]LDLVSDWHOXL- VWUXFWXUăWRSRJUDILHIXQFĠLL
3. 0XúFKLL úLIDVFLLOHWRUDFHOXL– FODVLILFDUHVWUXFWXUăWRSRJUDILHIXQFĠLL
4. Diafragma – VWUXFWXUă WRSRJUDILH IXQFĠLL 5HJLXQL YXOQHUDELOH DOH GLDIUDJPHL LPSRUWDQĠă
DSOLFDWLYă
5. 0XúFKLLúLIDVFLLOHDEGRPHQXOXL– FODVLILFDUHVWUXFWXUăWRSRJUDILHIXQFĠLL
6. LiniDDOEăúLWHDFDPXúFKLXOXLUHFWDEGRPLQDO– VWUXFWXUăWRSRJUDILHDVSHFWHFOLQLFH
7. /RFXULOHVODEHGLQSHUHWHOHDQWHULRUDODEGRPHQXOXLLPSRUWDQĠăFOLQLFă
8. Canalul inghinal – SHUHĠLRULILFLLFRQĠLQXWVHPQLILFDĠLHDSOLFDWLYă
9. $FĠLXQHD GH WRWDOLWDWH D PXúFKLORU DEGRPLQDOL LQIOXHQĠă DVXSUD FRORDQHL YHUWHEUDOH SUHVD
DEGRPLQDOăHWF
10. 0XúFKLLVXSHUILFLDOLDLJkWXOXLúLPXúFKLLLQVHUDĠLSHRVXOKLRLG– VWUXFWXUăWRSRJUDILHIXQFĠLL
11. 0XúFKLLSURIXQ]LDLJkWXOXL– VWUXFWXUăWRSRJUDILHIXQFĠLL
12. Fasciile gâtului – VWUXFWXUăWRSRJUDILH6SDĠLLOHLQWHUIDVFLDOHDOHJkWXOXLLPSRUWDQĠDORUFOLQLFă
13. 7RSRJUDILDJkWXOXLUHJLXQLWULXQJKLXULVSDĠLL
14. 0XúFKLLFDSXOXL– FODVLILFDUH0XúFKLLPLPLFL– VWUXFWXUăWRSRJUDILHIXQFĠLL
15. 0XúFKLL PDVWLFDWRUL – VWUXFWXUă WRSRJUDILH IXQFĠLL %LRPHFDQLFD DUWLFXODĠLHL
temporomandibulare.
16. Fasciile capului – VWUXFWXUăWRSRJUDILH6SDĠLLOHLQWHUIDVFLDOHDOHFDSXOXL
17. 0XúFKLLFHQWXULLVFDSXODUH– VWUXFWXUăWRSRJUDILHIXQFĠLL
18. 0XúFKLLEUDĠXOXL- VWUXFWXUăWRSRJUDILHIXQFĠLL
19. MuúFKLLDQWHEUDĠXOXLJUXSXODQWHULRU- VWUXFWXUăWRSRJUDILHIXQFĠLL
20. 0XúFKLLDQWHEUDĠXOXLJUXSXOSRVWHULRU- VWUXFWXUăWRSRJUDILHIXQFĠLL
21. 0XúFKLLPkLQLL- VWUXFWXUăWRSRJUDILHIXQFĠLL
22. Fasciile membrului superior - VWUXFWXUăWRSRJUDILHIXQFĠLL
23. ToSRJUDILDUHJLXQLLD[LODUHIRVDFDYLWDWHDSHUHĠLLRULILFLLOHFRQĠLQXWXO
24. 7RSRJUDILDEUDĠXOXLúLDUHJLXQLLFXELWDOH
25. 7RSRJUDILDDQWHEUDĠXOXLúLDPkLQLL
26. Canalele osteofibroase ale mâinii.
27. 7HFLOHVLQRYLDOHDOHWHQGRDQHORUPXúFKLORUPHPEUXOXLVXSHULRU
28. 0XúFKLLLQWHUQLDLED]LQXOXL- VWUXFWXUăWRSRJUDILHIXQFĠLL
29. 0XúFKLLH[WHUQLDLED]LQXOXL- VWUXFWXUăWRSRJUDILHIXQFĠLL
30. 0XúFKLLFRDSVHL– FODVLILFDUHVWUXFWXUăWRSRJUDILHIXQFĠLL
31. 0XúFKLLJDPEHL– FODVLILFDUHVWUXFWXUăWRSRJUDILHIXQFĠLL
32. 0XúFhii piciorului – FODVLILFDUHVWUXFWXUăWRSRJUDILHIXQFĠLL
33. (OHPHQWHOHDFWLYHúLSDVLYHFXUROGHIRUWLILFDUHDEROĠLORUSLFLRUXOXL
34. Fasciile membrului inferior - VWUXFWXUăWRSRJUDILHGHULYDWH
35. &DQDOHOHRVWHRILEURDVHúLWHFLOHVLQRYLDOHDOHPHPEUXOXLinferior.
36. )RUPDĠLXQLOHWRSRJUDILFHGLQUHJLXQHDSHOYLVXOXL– orificiile supra- úLLQIUDSLULIRUPFDQDOXO
REWXUDWRUODFXQHOHPXVFXODUăúLYDVFXODUă– SHUHĠLúLFRQĠLQXW
37. 7RSRJUDILDFRDSVHLúLDIRVHLSRSOLWHH
38. 7RSRJUDILDJDPEHLúLDSLFLRUXOXL
39. Dinamica coORDQHLYHUWHEUDOHúLDFRDVWHORU
186
184
40. Dinamica capului.
41. 'LQDPLFDFHQWXULLVFDSXODUHúLDEUDĠXOXL
42. 'LQDPLFDDQWHEUDĠXOXLúLDPkLQLL
43. Dinamica membrului inferior.
44. Mersul – VSHFLILFXOúLRUJDQL]DUHDPHUVXOXLSDUWLFXODULWăĠLOHOXLGHYkUVWă
45. Aplicabilitatea infRUPDĠLLORUSULYLQGVWUXFWXUDWRSRJUDILDúLIXQFĠLLOHPXúFKLORU
9'H]YROWDUHDúLDQRPDOLLOHGHGH]YROWDUHDRUJDQHORUDSDUDWXOXLGHVXVĠLQHUHúLPLúFDUH
1. 1RĠLXQLJHQHUDOHGHVSUHGH]YROWDUHDRDVHORUúLDQRPDOLLOHORU
2. /HJLWăĠLOHGH]YROWăULLVLVWHPXOXLRVRVúLDOHSURFHVHORUGHRVLILFDUH
3. 'H]YROWDUHDYHUWHEUHORU9DULDQWHúLDQRPDOLLGHGH]YROWDUHDYHUWHEUHORU
4. 'H]YROWDUHDFRDVWHORUúLDVWHUQXOXL9DULDQWHúLDQRPDOLLGHGH]YROWDUHDFRDVWHORUúLD
sternului.
5. Dezvoltarea oaselor membrului superior. VariaQWHúLDQRPDOLLGHGH]YROWDUHDRDVHORU
membrului superior.
6. 'H]YROWDUHDRDVHORUPHPEUXOXLLQIHULRU9DULDQWHúLDQRPDOLLGHGH]YROWDUHDRDVHORU
membrului inferior.
7. Dezvoltarea oaselor craniului cerebral.
8. 9DULDQWHúLDQRPDOLLGHGH]YROWDUHDRDVHORUFUDQLXlui cerebral.
9. Dezvoltarea oaselor craniului facial.
10. 9DULDQWHúLDQRPDOLLGHGH]YROWDUHDRDVHORUFUDQLXOXLIDFLDO
11. 'H]YROWDUHDOHJăWXULORUGLQWUHRDVHYDULDQWHúLDQRPDOLL
12. 'H]YROWDUHDPXúFKLORUQRĠLXQLJHQHUDOH
13. 'H]YROWDUHDPXúFKLORUWUXQFKLXOXL
14. Dezvoltarea diafragmei, anomalii.
15. 'H]YROWDUHDPXúFKLORUPHPEUHORUVXSHULRDUHúLLQIHULRDUH
16. 'H]YROWDUHDPXúFKLORUFDSXOXL
17. 9DULDQWHúLDQRPDOLLGHGH]YROWDUHDPXúFKLORUWUXQFKLXOXLFDSXOXLúLPHPEUHORU
9,3DUWLFXODULWăĠLLQGLYLGXDOHGHYkUVWăúLGHVH[DOH RUJDQHORUDSDUDWXOXLGHVXVĠLQHUHúL
PLúFDUH
1. ,QIOXHQĠDIDFWRULORULQWHUQLúLH[WHUQLDVXSUDVWUXFWXULLRDVHORU6WUXFWXUDRDVHORUvQGHSHQGHQĠă
GHPXQFDIL]LFăúLVSRUW
2. 3DUWLFXODULWăĠLGHYkUVWăúLGHVH[vQVWUXFWXUDRDVHORU
3. 3DUWLFXODULWăĠLGHYkUVWăale coloanei vertebrale.
4. 3DUWLFXODULWăĠLGHYkUVWăúLGHVH[DOHSHOYLVXOXL
5. Craniul nou-QăVFXWXOXLúLWUDQVIRUPăULOHOXLSRVWQDWDOH
6. 3DUWLFXODULWăĠLGHYkUVWăúLGHVH[DOHFUDQLXOXL
7. 3DUWLFXODULWăĠLLQGLYLGXDOHDOHFUDQLXOXL
8. )DĠDHOHPHQWHOHFDUHGHWHUPLQăSDUWLFXODULWăĠLOHHLLQGLYLGXDOH)RUPDUHDIHĠHLúLHWDSHOHHL
9. 3DUWLFXODULWăĠLGHYkUVWăDOHDUWLFXODĠLLORU
10. $QDWRPLDGHYkUVWăDPXúFKLORU
11. 3DUWLFXODULWăĠLGHYkUVWăúLGHVH[DOHUHJLXQLORUVODEHGLQSHUHWHOHDQWHULRUDODEGRPHQXOXL
12. Valoarea informDĠLLORUGHVSUHSDUWLFXODULWăĠLOHLQGLYLGXDOHGHYkUVWăúLGHVH[SHQWUXSUDFWLFD
PHGLFDOă
VII. (OHPHQWHGHDQDWRPLHSHYLXDDSDUDWXOXLGHVXVĠLQHUHúLPLúFDUH
1. ğLQXWDWLSXULOHHLIDFWRULLFDUHRGHWHUPLQăúLFDUDFWHULVWLFDORU
2. Habitusul.
187
185
3. Palparea pe viu DYHUWHEUHORUúLVWDELOLUHDORFDOL]ăULLORUvQFRORDQDYHUWHEUDOăXWLOL]kQGSXQFWHúL
OLQLLGHLGHQWLILFDUHLPSRUWDQĠăDSOLFDWLYă
4. 3DOSDUHDSHYLXDFRDVWHORUVWHUQXOXLúLDVSDĠLLORULQWHUFRVWDOH6WDELOLUHDORFDOL]ăULLFRDVWHORU
SHYLXLPSRUWDQĠăDSOLFDWLYă
5. 5HSHUHOHRVRDVHDOHWRUDFHOXLLPSRUWDQĠăDSOLFDWLYă
6. &RORDQDYHUWHEUDOăvQLPDJLQHUDGLRORJLFă
7. 7RUDFHOHvQLPDJLQHUDGLRORJLFă
8. )RUPDĠLXQLOHFUDQLXOXLSDOSDELOHSHYLXUHSHUHRVRDVHDOHFDSXOXLLPSRUWDQĠăDSOLFDWLYă
9. Craniul în imagine radiolRJLFă
10. 3DUWLFXODULWăĠLLQGLYLGXDOHGHIRUPăúLGLPHQVLXQLDOHFUDQLXOXLFDUHSRWILGHSLVWDWHSHYLX
11. 5HSHUHRVRDVHDOHJkWXOXLLPSRUWDQĠăDSOLFDWLYă
12. )RUPDĠLXQLOHRVRDVHDOHPHPEUXOXLVXSHULRUSDOSDELOHSHYLXUHSHUHRVRDVHDOHPHPEUXOXL
superior), imSRUWDQĠăDSOLFDWLYă
13. 2DVHOHPHPEUXOXLVXSHULRUvQLPDJLQHUDGLRORJLFă
14. 5HJLXQLOHGHSDOSDUHSHYLXDOHXQRUIRUPDĠLXQLDOHVFKHOHWXOXLPHPEUXOXLLQIHULRUUHSHUH
RVRDVHDOHPHPEUXOXLLQIHULRULPSRUWDQĠăDSOLFDWLYă
15. 5HSHUHRVRDVHDOHSHOYLVXOXLLPSRUWDQĠăDSOLFDWLYă
16. 1RĠLXQLJHQHUDOHGHSHOYLPHWULHLQWHUQăúLH[WHUQă
17. 6FKHOHWXOPHPEUXOXLLQIHULRUvQLPDJLQHUDGLRORJLFă
18. ([SORUDUHDSHYLXDDUWLFXODĠLLORU1RĠLXQLJHQHUDOHGHVSUHSXQFĠLLDUWLFXODUHDUWURVFRSLH
JRLQLRPHWULHLPSRUWDQĠăDSOLFDWLYă
19. ArticulDĠLLOHFRORDQHLYHUWHEUDOHvQLPDJLQHUDGLRORJLFă
20. $UWLFXODĠLLOHFRDVWHORUvQLPDJLQHUDGLRORJLFă
21. $UWLFXODĠLLOHRDVHORUFHQWXULLVFDSXODUHvQLPDJLQHUDGLRORJLFă
22. $UWLFXODĠLDXPăUXOXLvQLPDJLQHUDGLRORJLFă
23. $UWLFXODĠLDFRWXOXLúLDUWLFXODĠLLOHRDVHORUDQWHEUDĠXOXLvQLPDJLQHUDGLRORJLFă
24. $UWLFXODĠLDUDGLRFDUSLDQăúLDUWLFXODĠLLOHPkLQLLvQLPDJLQHUDGLRORJLFă
25. $UWLFXODĠLLOHSHOYLVXOXLvQLPDJLQHUDGLRORJLFă
26. $UWLFXODĠLDFR[RIHPXUDOăvQLPDJLQHUDGLRORJLFă
27. $UWLFXODĠLDJHQXQFKLXOXLvQLPDJLQHUDGLRORJLFă
28. $UWLFXODĠLDWDORFUXUDOăvQLPDJLQHUDGLRORJLFă
29. $UWLFXODĠLLOHSLFLRUXOXLvQLPDJLQHUDGLRORJLFă
30. Repere musculare ale membrului superior.
31. Repere musculare ale membrului inferior.
32. Repere musculare ale toracelui.
33. /LQLLOHFRQYHQĠLRQDOHGHRULHQWDUHSHSHUHĠLLWRUDFHOXLLPSRUWDQĠăDSOLFDWLYă
34. 5HSHUHPXVFXODUHúLRVRDVHDOHSHUHWHOXLDQWHURODWHUDODODEGRPHQXOXL
35. 3URLHFĠLDúLH[SORUDUHDSHYLXD]RQHORUVODEHGLQSHUHWHOHDEGRPLQDOLPSRUWDQĠăDSOLFDWLYă
,;(QXPHUDUHGHIRUPDĠLXQLDOHDSDUDWXOXLGHVXVĠLQHUHúLPLúFDUe.
1. 3RUĠLXQLOHXQXLRVWXEXODUOXQJ
189
187
2. 3RUĠLXQLOHXQXLRVPHWDFDUSLDQPHWDWDUVLDQ
3. Segmentele coloanei vertebrale.
4. 3ăUĠLOHFRPSRQHQWHDOHXQHLYHUWHEUH
5. 3ăUĠLOHFRPSRQHQWHDOHVWHUQXOXL
6. 3ăUĠLOHXQHLFRDVWH
7. Oasele craniului cerebral.
8. Oasele craniului facial.
9. 3RUĠLXQLOHRVXOXLIURQWDO
10. 3RUĠLXQLOHRVXOXLRFFLSLWDO
11. 3RUĠLXQLOHRVXOXLVIHQRLG
12. 3RUĠLXQLOHRVXOXLWHPSRUDO
13. 3RUĠLXQLOHPD[LOHL
14. 2DVHOHFDUHFRQVWLWXLHSHUHĠLLRUELWHL
15. 2DVHOHFDUHFRQVWLWXLHSHUHĠLLFDYLWăĠLLQD]DOH
16. )HĠHOHFRUSXOXLPD[LOHL
17. Apofizele maxilei.
18. )HĠHOHVWkQFLLWHPSRUDOXOXL
19. 2ULILFLLOHúLFDQDOHOHGLQIRVDFUDQLDQăDQWHULRDUă
20. 2ULILFLLOHúLFDQDOHOHGLQIRVDFUDQLDQăPHGLH
21. 2ULILFLLOHúLFDQDOHOHGLQIRVDFUDQLDQăSRVWHULRDUă
22. &RPXQLFăULOHRUELWHL
23. &RPXQLFăULOHFDYLWăĠLLQD]DOH
24. ComuniFăULOHIRVHLSWHULJRSDODWLQH
25. 2DVHOHFHQWXULLVFDSXODUHúLDOHPHPEUXOXLVXSHULRUOLEHU
26. 2DVHOHFHQWXULLSHOYLHQHúLDOHPHPEUXOXLLQIHULRUOLEHU
27. 7LSXULOHGHOHJăWXULGLQFDGUXOFRORDQHLYHUWHEUDOH
28. Tipuri de diartroze uniaxiale.
29. Tipuri de diartroze pluriaxiale.
30. Diartrozele complexe.
31. Diartrozele combinate.
32. Diartrozele sferoidale.
33. Diartrozele elipsoidale.
34. Diartrozele cilindrice.
35. Diartrozele trohleare.
36. $UWLFXODĠLLOHFXOLJDPHQWHLQWUDDUWLFXODUH
37. 9DULDQWHOHGHIRUPăDPXúFKLORU
38. (OHPHQWHOHDX[LOLDUHDOHPXúFKilor.
39. 0XúFKLLFDUHIOH[HD]ăFRORDQDYHUWHEUDOă
40. 0XúFKLLFDUHUHGUHVHD]ăFRORDQDYHUWHEUDOă
41. 0XúFKLLSDUWLFLSDQĠLODLQVSLUDĠLH
42. 0XúFKLLSDUWLFLSDQĠLODLQVSLUDĠLDIRUĠDWă
43. 0XúFKLLSDUWLFLSDQĠLODH[VSLUDĠLDIRUĠDWă
44. 0XúFKLLFDUHIRUPHD]ăSUHVDDEGRPLnala.
45. Regiunile slabe din peretele anterior al abdomenului.
46. 0XúFKLLFXRULJLQHVDXLQVHUĠLHSHVFDSXOă
47. 0XúFKLLIOH[RULDLDQWHEUDĠXOXL
48. 0XúFKLLH[WHQVRULDLDQWHEUDĠXOXL
49. 7HQGRDQHOHGHSHIDĠDYHQWUDOăDFDUSXOXL
50. Tecile sinoviale din regiunea carpului.
51. FRUPDĠLXQLOHWRSRJUDILFHDOHPHPEUXOXLVXSHULRU
190
188
52. 0XúFKLLIOH[RULDLFRDSVHL
53. 0XúFKLLH[WHQVRULDLFRDSVHL
54. 0XúFKLLIRUWLILFDWRULDLEROĠLORUSLFLRUXOXL
55. )RUPDĠLXQLOHWRSRJUDILFHGLQUHJLXQHDFRDSVHL
56. )RUPDĠLXQLOHWRSRJUDILFHGHSHJDPEăúLSLFLRU
57. Tecile siQRYLDOHGHSHJDPEăúLSLFLRU
58. 0XúFKLLOHJDĠLGHRVXOKLRLG
59. 0XúFKLLFDUHPLúFăPDQGLEXOD
60. Fasciile trunchiului.
61. Fasciile membrului superior.
62. Fasciile membrului inferior.
63. Fasciile capului.
64. Fasciile gâtului.
65. 6SDĠLLOHLQWHUIDVFLDOHGLQUHJLXQHDFDSXOXL
66. SpDĠLLOHLQWHUIDVFLDOHGLQUHJLXQHDJkWXOXL
67. Triunghiurile gâtului.
68. 6SDĠLLOHLQWHUPXVFXODUHGLQUHJLXQHDJkWXOXL
5HSUH]HQWDUHJUDILFăDFODVLILFăULLúLVWUXFWXULLXQRUIRUPDĠLXQLDOHDSDUDWXOXLGHVXVĠLQHUH
úLPLúFDUH
1. Clasificarea oaselor.
2. Schema osteonului.
3. 3RUĠLXQLOHRDVHORUWXEXODUHOXQJL
4. Elementele principale ale unei diartroze.
5. Elementele auxiliare ale diartrozelor.
6. &ODVLILFDUHDOHJăWXULORUGLQWUHRDVH
7. Clasificarea sinartrozelor.
8. Clasificarea diartrozelor.
9. &ODVLILFDUHDPXúFKLORU
10. 7HDFDPXúFKLXOXLUHct al abdomenului.
11. Triunghiurile gâtului.
12. Fasciile gâtului.
13. 2ULILFLLOHWULODWHUúLSDWUXODWHU
14. 6WUXFWXUDWHFLORURVWHRILEURDVHúLVLQRYLDOHvQVHFĠLXQHWUDQVYHUVDOă
15. 7HFLOHVLQRYLDOHDOHPkLQLLIDĠDSDOPDUă
16. 7HFLOHVLQRYLDOHDOHPkLQLLIDĠDGRUVDOă
17. LaFXQHOHPXVFXODUăúLYDVFXODUă
191
189
Anexa II
TESTE PENTRU INSTRUIRE ù,$872&21752/ LA OSTEOLOGIE
*HQHUDOLWăĠL6FKHOHWXOWUXQFKLXOXL
,6HOHFWDĠLúLQRWDĠLDILUPDĠLLOHFRUHFWH$UJXPHQWDĠLDOHJHUHDSHFDUHD-ĠLSUHIHUDW-o.
1 /DVLVWHPXORVRVVHUHIHUăQRĠiunile:
A. Miotom.
B. Osteon.
C. Periost.
'0ăGXYăURúLH
E. Ectoderm.
2 )XQFĠLLOHELRORJLFHDOHRVXOXLFDRUJDQ
$'HFUHúWHUH
%+HPDWRSRHWLFă
&'HORFRPRĠLH
D. Regenerare
('HSURWHFĠLH
3 PorĠiunile unui os tubular lung la adult :
A. Metafiza
B. Apofiza
C. Diafiza
D. Corticala
E. Epifiza
4 Deosebim următoarele tipuri de centre de osificare:
A. Tuberculare
B. Secundare
C. Epicondilare
D. Primare
E. Auxiliare
5 ğesutul osos spongios este prezent în:
A. Oasele craniului
B. Oasele tarsiene
C. Stern
D. Diafizele oaselor tubulare
E. Epifizele oaselor tubulare
6 ,QVWUXFWXUDRVXOXLODPDWXULSRWILHYLGHQWLDĠLRVWHRQL
A.În dezvoltare
%)UDJPHQWDĠL
&0DWXUL]DĠL
''HIRUPDĠL
E.În stare de resorbĠie
7 )RUPDĠLXQLOHVWUXFWXUDOHDOHRVXOXLVXQW
A. Stratul cambial
B. Stratul de osteoni
C. Pericondrul
D.Endostul
E.Periostul
192
190
8 In periost la copil deosebim următoarele straturi:
A. Cambial
B. Endostal
C. Adventiceal
D. Endocondral
E. Fibroelastic
9 2VWHRQXOUHSUH]LQWă
A. Lamele osoase în jurul diafizei
B. Lamele osoase în jurul canalului nutritiv
C. Lamele osoase în jurul canalului medular osos
D. Lamele osoase în jurul canalului Havers
E. Lamele osoase în jurul metafizei
10 DispoziĠia trabeculelor osoase corespunde cu:
A. Axa osului
%'LUHFĠLa fibrelor musculare
&'LUHFĠLDliniilor de presiune
D. A[HOHGHPLúFDUHvQDUWLFXODĠLL
('LUHFĠLDliniilor GHWUDFĠLXQH
11 'LVWLQJHPWLSXULOHGHRVWHRJHQH]ă
$(QFRQGUDOă
%3HULFRQGUDOă
&3HULRVWDOă
'0HGXODUă
E. DesPDOă
12 &UHúWHUHDRVXOui în grosime are loc pe contul:
A. Cartilajului hialin
B. Cartilajului fibros
C. Periostului
D. Metafizei
E. Fasciei
13 ÌQFRPSRQHQĠDVFKHOHWXOui D[LDOLQWUă
A. Craniul.
B. Oasele centurii scapulare.
C. Oasele toracelui.
D. Pelvisul.
E. Coloana vertebrală
14 Oasele tubulare lungi:
$6XQWFRQVWLWXLWHGLQFRUSúLHSLIL]H
%3DUWLFLSăODIRUPDUHDFDYLWăĠLORUFRUSXOXL
&&RQĠLQFDYLWăĠLWDSHWDWHFXPXFRDVă.
'$XIHĠHDUWLFXODUHWDSHWDWHFXFDUWLODM
()XQFĠLRQDOUHSUH]LQWăSkUJKLL
15 Oase primare sunt:
A. Vertebrele.
B. Parietalul.
C. Mandibula.
D. Frontalul.
E. Sternul.
193
191
16 Diploe UHSUH]LQWă
$6XEVWDQĠDVSRQJLRDVăDHSLIL]HORU
%6XEVWDQĠDVSRQJLRDVăDRDVHORUFDUSLHQH
&6XEVWDQĠDVSRQJLRDVăDRDVHORUFUDQLXOXL
'6XEVWDQĠDVSRQJLRDVăDVWHUQXOXL
E. SuEVWDQĠDVSRQJLRDVăDYHUWHEUHORU
17 Elemente principale ale unei vertebre sunt:
A. Arcul.
%$SRIL]DVWLORLGă
C. Corpul.
D. Orificiul intervertebral.
E. Pedunculii.
18 Vertebrele cervicale tipice se disting prin:
A. Corpul oval.
B. Orificiul vertebral rotund.
&3UH]HQĠDRULILFLLORUWUDQVYHUVDOH
D. Apofizele costotransversale.
E. Apofizele spinoase lungi.
19 /DFDUHGLQYHUWHEUHOHFHUYLFDOHOLSVHúWHDSRIL]DVSLQRDVă"
A. C 3
B. C 2
C. C 6
D. C 1
E. C 7
20 Apofizele spinoase sunt bifurcate la vertebrele:
A.C 1
B. C 2
C. C 3
D. C 5
E. C 7
21 Atlasului i se descriu:
A. Masele laterale.
%$UFXULOHDQWHULRUúLSRVWHULRU
&ùDQĠXULOHDUWHUHLYHUWHEUDOH
')HĠHOHDUWLFXODUHVXSHULRDUHúLLQIHULRDUH
($SRIL]DVSLQRDVă
22 Epistrofeului i se disting:
$$SRIL]DRGRQWRLGă
%ùDQĠXULOHDUWHUHLYHUWHEUDOH
&)HĠHOHDUWLFXODUHDQWHULRDUăúLSRVWHULRDUă
D. ASRIL]DVSLQRDVăELIXUFDWă
E. Tuberculul anterior.
23 3HFRUSXOFăUHLYHUWHEUHWRUDFice VHDIOăQXPDLRMXPăWDWHGHIRVHWăDUWLFXODUă"
A. Th 1
B. Th 12
C. T 11
D. Th 10
E. Th 8
194
192
24 Fosetele costale lipsesc pe apofizele transversale ale vertebrelor:
A. Th 1
B. Th 5
C. Th 11
D. Th 10
E. Th 12
25 )RUPDĠLXQLFDUDFWHULVWLFHQXPDLSHQWUXYHUWHEUHOHWRUDFLFH
A. Apofizele spinoase
B. Apofizele articulare
C. Fosele costale pe corp
D. Orificii pe apofizele transversale
E. Fosete pe apofizele transversale
26 Orificiile intervertebrale sunt delimitate de:
A. Apofizele articulare
B. Pediculii vertebrali
C. Apofizele transversale
D. Încizura vHUWHEUDOăVXSHULRDUă
E. Arcul vertebrei
27 3HFRUSXOFăURUYHUWebre deosebim fosete articulare:
A. C 3
B. Th 7
C. L 3
D. C 7
E. L 5
28 Promontoriul este format de FăWUH
A.Ultima vertebră cervicală úi Th1
B.Ultima vertebră toracicăúi L1
C.Ultima verteEUăORPEDUăúi S1
'8OWLPDYHUWHEUăVDFUDOă úi C1
E.Vertebrele Th6 si Th7
29 &DUHGLQYHUWHEUHDUHRGHQXPLUHVSHFLDOă"
A. Th 5
B. C 1
C. L 4
D. C 7
E. C 2
30 La formarea canalului vertebral iau parte:
A. Apofizele articulare
B. Apofizele transversale
C. Arcul vertebral
D. Corpul vertebral
E. Pedunculii vertebrali
31 $QRPDOLLOHUHJLXQLORUGHIURQWLHUăDVHJPHQWHORUFRORDQHLYHUWHEUDOH
A. Sacralizarea
B. Blocarea vertebrelor
C. Asomia
D. Platispondilia
E Lombalizarea
195
193
32 Curburile coloanei vertebrale situate în plan sagital sunt:
$/RUGR]DFHUYLFDOă
%6FROLR]DWRUDFDOă
&&LIR]DWRUDFDOă
'/RUGR]DORPEDUă
(6FROLR]DFHUYLFDOă
33 Care este rolul funFĠional al curburilor coloanei vertebrale?
A.De amortizare
B.De consolidare a vertebrelor
C.De sprijin
D.De fixare a membrelor
('HSURWHFĠLH
34 Care din curburile coloanei vertebrale apare la vârsta de 2-3 luni a dezvoltării
postnatale?
$/RUGR]DFHUYLFDOă
%6FROLR]DWRUDFDOă
&/RUGR]DORPEDUă
'&LIR]DVDFUDOă
(&LIR]DWRUDFDOă
35 Coastele adevarate:
A.Coasta a 7-a
B.Coasta a 8-a
C.Coasta a 5-a
D.Coasta a 6-a
E.Coasta a 9-a
36 Coastele false:
A.Coasta a X-a
B.Coasta a 6-a
C.Coasta a 8-a
D.Coasta a 11-a
E.Coasta a 9-a
37 3HFDSXOFăURUFRDVWHOLSVHúWHFUHDVWD"
A. Coastei VII
B. Coastei X
C. Coastei I
D. Coastei XI
E. Coastei XII
38 Coasta I:
$(VWHDWLSLFă
%(FHDPDLVFXUWăPDLODWăúLPDLFXUEDWă
&(DSODWL]DWăvQVHQVVXSHURLQIHULRU
'3HIDĠDLQIHULRDUăDUHXQWXEHUFXOúLúDQĠXUL
E. Extremitatea ei anterioDUăHPDLODWăúLPDLJURDVăGHFâWFHDSRVWHULRDUă
39 FDĠDDUWLFXODUăSHQWUXDSRIL]DWUDQVYHUVDOăOLSVHúWHOD
A. Coasta I
B. Coasta XI
C. Coasta X
D. Coasta XII
E. Coasta II
196
194
40 Nu pot fi palpate pe viu coastele:
A. 11-a
B. 9-a
C. 2-a
D. 1-a
E. 12-a
41 Manubriul sternal:
A. Se DIOăODQLYHOXOYHUWHEUHORUWRUDFLFH,,úL,,,
B. Pe marginHDOXLVXSHULRDUăVHDIOăRIDĠă DUWLFXODUă
C. ÌQXQJKLXULOHVXSHURODWHUDOHDOHVDOHVHORFDOL]HD]ăLQFL]XULFODYLFXODUH
D. 3HPDUJLQLOHOXLODWHUDOHVHDIOăFâWHIHĠHDUWLFXODUHFRVWDOH
E. Marginea LQIHULRDUăVHXQHúWHFXFRUSXOVWHUQDOIRUPând unghiul sternal Louis.
42 Corpul sternal:
A. (VWHSRUĠLXQHDFHDPDLOXQJăDVWHUQXOXL
B. 6HORFDOL]HD]ăODQLYHOXOYHUWHEUHORU7K- Th8, ½ Th9.
C. Este format prin fuziunea celor 4 sternebre
D. Pe marginea lui lateralăVHDIOăIHĠHOHDUWLFXODUHSHQWUXFRDVWHOH,,–VII.
E. )RUPHD]ăFXDSRIL]D[LIRLGăXQJKLXOVXEFRVWDO
43 2DVHOHFHGHOLPLWHD]ăDSHUWXUDWRUDFLFă superLRDUăVXQW
A. Clavicula
B. Coasta I
C. Corpul sternului
D. Manubriul sternului
(,YHUWHEUăWRUDFLFă
44 )RUPDĠLXQLOHFHGHOLPLWHD]ăDSHUWXUDWRUDFLFă LQIHULRDUă sunt:
A. Coasta VI
B. Apendicele xifoid al sternului
C. Arcul costal
'&RDVWHOH9,,,úL;
E. Corpul vertebrei ThX
197
195
,,$VRFLDĠLQRĠLXQLOHGLQFRORDQDQXPHULFăFXFHOHGLQFRORDQDDOIDEHWLFă
QRWDĠLúLDUJXPHQWDĠLUăVSXQVXULOHFRUHFWH
47.Oase tubulare A. $XUROGHSURWHFĠLH
48.Oase spongioase B. Sunt unele din oasele craniului.
49.Oase plate C. 6XQWRDVHOHFDUSLHQHúLWDUVLHQH
50.Oase mixte D. 3DUWLFLSăODIRUPDUHDFDYLWăĠLORUFRUSXOXL
51.Oase aerofore E. &RQVWDXGLQSăUĠLFHGLIHUăGXSăIRUPăúLVWUXFWXUă
F. 5HDOL]HD]ăIXQFĠLLGHSkUJKLL
198
196
&RORDQDYHUWHEUDOă A. Are apertura suSHULRDUăúLLQIHULRDUă
82. Sternul %$UHRED]ăúLXQYkUI
&XWLDWRUDFLFă &$XSRUĠLXQLOHRVRDVăúLFDUWLODJLQRDVă
84. Sacrul '&RQVWăGLQPDQXEULXFRUSDSRIL]ă[LIRLGă
85. Coastele (3RVHGăORUGR]HúLFLIR]H
,,,'HWHUPLQDĠLGLQFDUHJUXSGHRDVHIDFSDUWH
86. Clavicula
87. Scapula A. Oasele tubulare
88. Osul navicular B. Oasele plate
89. Osul temporal C. Oasele spongioase
90. Maxila D. Oasele mixte
91. Coastele E. Oasele pneumatice
92. Rotula F. Oasele sesamoide
93. Osul piziform H. Oasele monoepifizare
94. Sternul
95.Oasele metacarpiene
96.Astragalul
97.Fibula
,6HOHFWDĠLúLQRWDĠLDILUPDĠLLOHFRUHFWH$UJXPHQWDĠLDOHJHUHDSHFDUHD-ĠLSUHIHUDW-o.
98. Oasele centurii scapulare:
A. Humerusul
B. Clavicula
C.Sternul
D. Omoplatul
(,FRDVWă
99 &XSULYLUHODFODYLFXOă
A. Este unicul os lung din organism situat orizontal.
B. 3HWRDWăOXQJLPHDVDHVWHVLWXDWVXEFXWDQDW
C. Este primul os în care începe osificarea.
D. ([WUHPLWDWHDDFURPLDOăVHRVLILFăHQGHVPDO
E. (VWHXQLFXORVOXQJFDUHVHRVLILFăHQGHVPDO
100 )RUPDĠLXQLOHXQJKLXOXLODWHUDODORPRSODWXOXL
A. Spina scapulei
B. Tuberculul subarticular
&$SRIL]DFRUDFRLGă
')RVDVXSUDVSLQRDVă
E. Colul scapulei
101 )RUPDĠLXQLOHRDVHORUFHQWXULLVFDSXODUHSDOSDELOHSHYLX
$([WUHPLWDWHDVWHUQDOăDFODYLFXOHL
B. Tuberculul supraglenoidal
&([WUHPLWDWHDDFURPLDOăDFODYLFXOHL
D. Acromionul
E. Corpul claviculei
199
197
102 Scheletul membrului superior liber:
A. Epicondilul lateral al humerusului este mai proeminent decât cel medial.
B. Capul radiusului are forma unui disc.
&8OQDHVWHPDLOXQJăGHFkWUDGLXVXO
'6XELQFL]XUDUDGLDOăDXOQHLVHORFDOL]HD]ăIRVDVXSLQDWRULHGHOLPLWDWăSRVWHULRUGH
FUHDVWDRPRQLPă
()DĠDDQWHULRDUăDDSRIL]HLFRURQRLGHHVWHQHWHGă
103 Humerusul:
$&ROXODQDWRPLFVHSDUăFDSXOKXPHUXVXOXLGHWXEHUFXOHOHPDUHúLPLF
B. Colul chirurgical se aflăvQSRUĠLXQHDPHGLHDFRUSXOXLKXPHUXVXOXL
&3UR[LPDOGHWURKOHDKXPHUXVXOXLVHDIOăIRVHFRURQRLGăúLROHFUDQLDQă
D. Epicondilul medial se extinde de la capitul, iar cel lateral de la trohlee.
(ÌQIUDFWXULOHGHKXPHUXVH[LVWăSHULFROXOWUDXPDWL]ăULLQHUYLORUUDGLDOúLXOQDU
104 )RUPDĠLXQLOHHSLIL]HLSUR[LPDOHDKXPHUXVXOXL
A. Tuberculul mare
B. Creasta tuberculului mic
&ùDQĠXOQHUYXOXLUDGLDO
D. Colul anatomic
E. Capitulul condilului humeral
105 )RUPDĠLXQLOHHSLIL]HLGLVWDOHDKXPHUXVXOXL
A. Colul anatomic
%)RVDFRURQRLGă
&ùDQĠXOLQWHUWXEHUFXODU
'ùDQĠXOQHUYXOXLXOQDU
(ùDQĠXOQHUYXOXLUDGLDO
106 Elementele humerusului ce pot fi palpate pe viu:
A. Colul anatomic
B. Epicondilul medial
&)RVDFRURQRLGă
D. Epicondilul lateral
E. Colul chirurgical
107 &XSULYLUHODRDVHOHDQWHEUDĠXOXL
A. )DĠDODWHUDOăDUDGLXVXOXLHVWHFRQWLQXDWăGLVWDOGHDSRIL]DVWLORLGă
B. 0DUJLQHDSRVWHULRDUăDUDGLXVXOXLVHHYLGHQĠLD]ăPDLELQHvQSDUWHDGLVWDOăDDFHVWXLD
C. ([WUHPLWDWHDSUR[LPDOăD ulnei are 2 apofize úLLQFL]XUL
D. 0DUJLQHDSRVWHULRDUăD XOQHLHVLWXDWăVXEFXWDQ
E. 2ULILFLXOQXWULWLYDOXOQHLVHDIOăSHSDUWHDSUR[LPDOăDIHĠHLHLDQWHULRDUH
108 (OHPHQWHOHRDVHORUDQWHEUDĠXOXLFHSRWILSDOSDWHSHYLX
$$SRIL]DFRURQRLGăDXOQHL
B. Olecranonul
C. ApRIL]DVWLORLGăDXOQHL
'$SRIL]DVWLORLGăDUDGLXVXOXL
(0DUJLQHDLQWHURVRDVăDUDGLXVXOXL
109 Oasele mâinii:
A. Osul scafoid este cel mai mare os din rândul proximal al carpului.
%2VXOSL]LIRUPVHDIOăvQPDVDWHQGRQXOXLPXúFKLXOXLIOH[RUUDGLDODOcarpului.
C. Primul os metacarpian este cel mai scurt din toate oasele metacarpiene.
')LHFăUHLIDODQJHLVHGLVWLQJSRUĠLXQLED]DFRUSXOúLFDSXO
()DODQJHOHSROLFHOXLVXQWPDLJURDVHúLPDLOXQJLGHFkWFHOHDOHDOWRUGHJHWH
200
198
110 Oasele carpiene:
A. Cele din rândul proximal (în sens latero- PHGLDOVHVLWXHD]ăvQRUGLQHDVFDIRLGXO
lunatul , piramidalul, piziformul.
B. 7RDWHRDVHOHFDUSLHQHDXFkWHIHĠHDUWLFXODUH
C. 5kQGXOSUR[LPDOIRUPHD]ăRVWUXFWXUăFRQYH[ăSUR[LPDOúLFRQFDYăGLVWDO
D. Rândul GLVWDODUHRIDĠăFRQYH[ăSUR[LPDOúLXQDUHFWLOLQLHGLVWDO
(3HRDVHOHFDUSLHQHH[LVWăSXQFWHSURHPLQHQWHGHLQVHUĠLHúLGHRULJLQHSHVFDIRLGSH
RVXOSL]LIRUPSHWUDSH]úLSHRVXOFXFkUOLJ
,,$VRFLDĠLQRĠLXQLOHGLQFRORDQDQXPHULFăFXFHOHGLQFRORDQDDOIDEHWLFă
QRWDĠLúLDUJXPHQWDĠLUăVSXQVXULOHFRUHFWH
,6HOHFWDĠLúLQRWDĠLDILUPDĠLLOHFRUHFWH$UJXPHQWDĠLDOHJHUHDSHFDUHD-ĠLSUHIHUDW-o.
122 Osul coxal:
A. ,OLRQXOVHDIOăVXSHULRUSXELVXODQWHURLQIHULRULVFKLRQXO- posteroinferior.
B. Tuberculul SXELDQúLVSLQDLOLDFăDQWHULRDUăVXSHULRDUăVHDIOăvQSODQIURQWDO
C. Orificiul obturator este delimitat anterosuperior de osul pubian, posteroinferior - de
ischion.
D. 'LQWUHFHOHOLQLLJOXWHDOHFHDSRVWHULRDUăHVWHFHDPDLOXQJă
E. Punctul cel mai superior GHSHFUHDVWDLOLRQXOXLVHDIOăODQLYHOXOGLVFXOXLLQWHUYHUWHEUDO
GLQWUHYHUWHEUHOHORPEDUHúL
123 &R[DOXOHVWHDOFăWXLWGLQ
A. Pubis
B. Orificiul obturator
C. Ilion
D. Creasta ilionului
E. Ischion
201
199
124 )RUPDĠLXQLOHFR[DOXOXLSDOSDELOHSHYLXVunt:
$&UHDVWDLOLDFă
B. Acetabulul
C. Spinul iliac superior anterior
D. Tuberul ischionului
E. Spinul ischionului
125 Bazinul în ansamblu:
$$SHUWXUDVXSHULRDUăDED]LQXOXLPLFHVWHvQFOLQDWăDQWHURLQIHULRU
%8QJKLXOvQFOLQăULLIDĠăGHSODQXORUL]RQWDOODIHPHLHHVWHPDLPLFGHFkWODEăUEDW
&ÌQSR]LĠLHDQDWRPLFăVSLQHOHLOLDFHDQWHULRDUHúLWXEHUHOHsciatice se DIOă în DFHODúLSODQIURQWDO
'$SHUWXUDSHOYLDQăLQIHULRDUăODIHPHLHHVWHPDLODUJăFDODEăUEDW
(&RQMXJDWDDGHYăUDWăUHSUH]LQWăGLVWDQĠDGLQWUHSURPRQWRULXúLSXQFWXOFHOPDLSURHPLQHQW
în sens posterior al simfizei pubiene.
126 Scheletul membrului inferior liber:
$7URKDQWHUXOPLFHVWHORFDOL]DWvQXQJKLXOIRUPDWGHFROXOúLFRUSXOIHPXUXOXL
B. Corpul femurului este incurbat în sens anterior.
&)HPXUXOSRDWHILSDOSDWQXPDLvQSRUĠLXQHDVDGLVWDOă
D. Apexul patelar este îndreptat superior.
(5RWXODDUHIXQFĠLHGHVXSRUW
127 )RUPDĠLXQLOHHSLIL]HLGLVWDOHDIHPXUXOXL
A.Colul femurului
%)DĠDSRSOLWHH
C. Tuberozitatea glutee
D. Condilul medial
E. Epicondilul lateral
128 )RUPDĠLXQLOHIHPXUXOXLFHSRWILSDOSDWHSHYLX
A. Capul femurului
B. Epicondilul medial
C. Trohanterul mic
D. Trohanterul mare
E. Epicondilul lateral
129 )RUPDĠLXQLOHHSLIL]HLSUR[LPDOHDWLELHL
A. EPLQHQĠDLQWHUFRQGLODUă
%)DĠDDUWLFXODUăILEXODUă
C. Tuberculul intercondilar medial
'0DOHRODPHGLDOă
E. Tuberculul intercondilar lateral
130 )RUPDĠLXQLOHHSLIL]HLGLVWDOHD tibiei:
$/LQLDPXúFKLXOXLVROHDU
%ùDQĠul maleolar
&0DOHRODPHGLDOă
D. MDOHRODODWHUDOă
E. IncizXUDILEXODUă
131 )RUPDĠLXQLOHRDVHORUJDPEHLFHSRWILSDOSDWHSHYLX
$(PLQHQĠDLQWHUFRQGLODUă
%0DOHRODODWHUDOă
&0DOHRODPHGLDOă
D. Tuberozitatea tibiei
E. Capul fibulei
202
200
132 Scheletul piciorului este subdivizat în:
A. Oasele carpului
B. Oasele tarsului
C. Oasele metacarpului
D. Oasele metatarsului
E. Oasele degetelor piciorului
Craniul
,6HOHFWDĠLúLQRWDĠLDILUPDĠLLOHFRUHFWH$UJXPHQWDĠLDOHJHUHDSHFDUHD-ĠLSUHIHUDW-o.
203
201
139 Baza craniului se împarte în:
$%D]DDQWHULRDUă
%%D]DSRVWHULRDUă
&%D]DH[WHUQă
'%D]DODWHUDOă
(%D]DLQWHUQă
140 Oase ale craniului facial sunt:
A. Mandibula
B. Etmoidul
C. Osul zigomatic
D. Frontalul
E. Osul nazal
141 Oase impare ale craniului sunt:
A. Maxila
B. Mandibula
C. Sfenoidul
D. Vomerul
E. Palatinul
142 Din oasele pneumatice fac parte:
A. Coxalul
B. Frontalul
C. Humerusul
D. Sfenoidul
E. Maxila
143 2ULILFLLOHED]HLH[WHUQHDFUDQLXOXLFHVHIRUPHD]ă la uQLUHDDGRXăVDXPDLPXOWHRDVH
A. Stiloid
B. Lacerat
C. Mastoidian
D. Orificiul extern al canalului carotid
E. Jugular
144 %ROWDFUDQLXOXLHVWHIRUPDWăGH
A. Solzul osului frontal
%3DUWHDED]LODUăDRFFLSLWDOXOXL
C. Solzul temporalului
D. Oasele parietale
E. Corpul sfenoidului
145 Elementele structurale ale osului frontal:
A. $SRIL]D]LJRPDWLFă
B. ,QFL]XUDVXSUDRUELWDUă
C. /LQLDWHPSRUDOă
D. Creasta de coFRú
E. Arcurile superciliare.
146 PorĠLXQLOHRVXOXLRFFLSLWDO
$3DUWHDED]LODUă
B. Partea temporDOă
&3DUWHDODWHUDOă
D. Partea sfenoidală
E. Solzul occipital
204
202
147 Osul occipital ia parte la formarea orificiilor:
A. Rotund
B. Occipital mare
C. Jugular
D. Oval
E. Lacerat
148 ,QGLFDĠLXQGHVHGHVFKLGHVLQXVXOIURQWDO"
A. ÌQRUELWă
B. În meatul nazal mediu.
C. În meatul nazal inferior.
D. În meatul nazal superior.
E. ÌQIRVDWHPSRUDOă
149 3RUĠLXQLOHRVXOXLVIHQRLG
A. Baza.
B. Corpul.
C. Aripa mare.
D. $ULSDPLFă
E. Apofizele pterigoide.
150 Canalele osului sfenoid:
A. Musculo-tubar
B. Optic
C. Carotid
D. Pterigoid
E. Infraorbitar
151 )HĠHOHDULSLORUPDULDRVXOXLVIHQRLG
A. CHUHEUDOă
B. THPSRUDOă
C. ZLJRPDWLFă
D. Orbitară
E. IQIUDWHPSRUDOă
152 La formarea căror orificii ia parte osul sfenoid:
A. Jugular
B. Occipital
C. Lacerat
D. Infraorbitar
E. Mastoidian
153 StrXFWXULOHFHQXVHUHIHUăODFRUSXOVIHQRLGXOXL
A. )RVDKLSRIL]DUă
B. Sinusul sfenoid.
C. ùDQĠXOSWHULJRSDODWLQ
D. Apofizele clinoide anterioare.
E. ùDQĠXOFDURWLG
154 $SRIL]DSWHULJRLGăQXFRQĠLQH
A. ùDQĠXOSWHULJRSDODWLQ
B. )RVDSWHULJRLGă
C. Rostrul sfenoidal.
D. Inci]XUDSWHULJRLGă
E. Cârligul pterigoid.
205
203
155 3ăUĠLOHRsului etmoid:
$/DPDODWHUDOă
B. Labirintul etmoid
&/DPDPHGLDOă
'/DPDFULEURDVă
(/DPDSHUSHQGLFXODUă
156 3RUĠLXQLOHRVXOXLWHPSRUDO
A. Piramida
B. Corpul
&3DUWHDPDVWRLGLDQă
D. Partea scuaPRDVă
(3DUWHDWLPSDQLFă
157 7RDWHDILUPDĠLLOHUHIHULWRDUHODSLUDPLGDWHPSRUDOXOXLVXQWFRUHFWHFXH[FHSĠLD
A. 3HPXFKLDVXSHULRDUăWUHFHúDQĠXOVLQXVXOXLSLHWURVVXSHULRU
B. 3HIDĠDSRVWHULRDUăVHDIOăIRVDMXJXODUă
C. ,PSUHVLXQHDWULJHPLQDOăVHDIOăvQDSropierea vîrfului pâramidei.
D. ÌQIRVDMXJXODUăVHDIOăRULILFLXOH[WHUQDOFDQDOXOXLFDURWLG
E. /DWHUDOGHIRVDMXJXODUăSURHPLQăDSRIL]DVWLORLGă
158 ÌQSLUDPLGDWHPSRUDOXOXLVHDIOăFDQDOHOHFXH[FHSĠLD
A. Canalului carotid.
B. Canalului nervului facial;
C. Canaliculului timpanic;
D. Canalului nervului hipoglos;
E. Canalului nervului pietros mare.
159 7RDWHDILUPDĠLLOHSULYLQGRVXOWHPSRUDOVXQWFRUHFWHFXH[FHSĠLD
A. 3HIXQGXOPHDWXOXLDFXVWLFLQWHUQH[LVWăRULILFLLSHQWUXQHUYXOIDFLDOQHUYXO
vestibulocohlear, vasele sangvine.
B. 3HIDĠDSRVWHULRDUăDSLUDPLGHLVHDIOăDSHUWXUDH[WHUQăDFDQDOLFXOXOXLFRKOHDU
C. 0HGLDOGHLQFL]XUDPDVWRLGLDQăVHDIOăúDQĠXODUWHUHLRFFLSLWDOH
D. 3HúWHUDPDVWRLGLDQăFRPXQLFăFXFDYLWDWHDWLPSDQLFă
E. )LVXUDWLPSDQRVFYDPRDVăVHvPSDUWHvQILVXULSHWURVFYDPRDVăúLSHWURWLPSDQLFă
206
204
162 Cu privire la corpul maxilei:
A. $UHIHĠH
B. )DĠDLQIUDWHPSRUDOăSDUWLFLSăODIRUPDUHDIRVHORULQIUDWHPSRUDOăúLSWHULJRSDODWLQă
C. 3HIDĠDQD]DOăHVLWXDWúDQĠXOSDODWLQPDUH
D. $QWHULRUGHKLDWXOPD[LODUWUHFHúDQĠXOODFULPDO
E. 3DUWLFLSăla formareDRUELWHLFDYLWăĠLLQD]DOHúLFDYLWăĠLLEXFDOH
163 &XSULYLUHODPDQGLEXOă
A. 0DUJLQHDDQWHULRDUăDUDPXUHLPDQGLEXODUHHVWHPDLVXEĠLUHGHFkWPDUJLQHDSRVWHULRDUă
B. )RVDVXEPDQGLEXODUăHVWHVLWXDWăVXEOLQLDPLORKLRLGLDQă, iar fosa VXEOLQJYDOă - deasupra ei.
C. (VWHFHOPDLPDVLYúLPDLWUDLQLFRVDO craniului facial.
D. 3HIDĠDLQWHUQăDUDPXUHLPDQGLEXOHLWUHFHOLQLDREOLFă
E. Mandibula este al doilea os din organismul uman, în care începe procesul de osificare.
164 &XSULYLUHODPRGLILFăULOHGHYkUVWăDOHPDQdibulei:
$$PEHOHMXPăWăĠLDOH PDQGLEXOHLIX]LRQHD]ăSHSDUFXUVXOSULPXOXLDQGHYLDĠă
B. La nou-QăVFXWRULILFLXOPHQWDOVHORFDOL]HD]ăvQDSURSLHUHDmarginii inferioare a mandibulei.
C. La nou-QăVFXWXQJKLXOGLQWUHFRUSúLUDPXUăHVWHREWX]- cca 1400 úi mai mult.
'/DEăWUkQvQăOĠLPHDFRUSXOXLPDQGLEXOHLFUHúWH
(/DDGXOWRULILFLXOPHQWDOVHORFDOL]HD]ăODPLMORFXOGLVWDQĠHLGLQWUHPDUJLQHDVXSHULRDUăúL
FHDLQIHULRDUăDPDQGLEXOHL
165 )RUPDĠLXQLOHRVXOXLSDODWLQ
A. Lamela orbitară
B. Lamela orizoQWDOă
&/DPHODHWPRLGDOă
'/DPHODSHUSHQGLFXODUă
(/DPHODVIHQRLGDOă
166 Peretele medial al orbitei este format de:
$)DĠDRUELWDrăDDULSLORUPDUL
B. Osul lacrimal
C. Aripele mici
D. Lamela orbitarăDRVXOXLHWPRLG
($SRIL]DIURQWDOăDPD[LOHL
167 Peretele inferior al orbitei este format de:
$)DĠDRUELWDrăDRVXOXL]LJRPDWLF
%$SRIL]DIURQWDOăDRVXOXL]LJRPDWLF
C. Fata orbitarăDPD[LOHL
'$SRIL]D]LJRPDWLFăDRVXOXLIURQWDO
E. Apofiza orbitarăDRVXOXLSDODWLQ
168 Peretele lateral al orbitei este format de :
A. LDPHODODWHUDOăDDSRIL]HLSWHULJRLGH
B. ASRIL]D]LJRPDWLFăDRVXOXLIURQWDO
C. FeĠele orbitare ale aripilor mari a osului sfenoid
D. ASRIL]DIURQWDOăDPD[LOHL
E. ASRIL]DIURQWDOăDRVXOXL]LJRPDWLF
169 Orbita comunică cu endobaza craniului prin:
A. Canalul optic
B. Orificiul rotund
C. Fisura orbitarăVXSHULRDUă
D. Fisura orbitarăLQIHULRDUă
E. Orificiile etmoidale
207
205
170 Fisura orbitaUăLQIHULRDUăHVWHGHOLPLWDWăGH
A. Apofiza orbitarăDRVXOXLSDODWLQ
B. Osul frontal
C. FDĠDRUELWDrăDPD[LOHL
D. Lamela orbitarăDRVXOXLHWPRLG
E. FDĠDRUELWDrăDDULSLORUPDULDle osului sfenoid
171 2UELWDFRPXQLFăFXFDYLWDWHDQD]DOăSULQ
A. Orificiul etmoid anterior
B. Canalul palatin mare
C. Canalul nazolacrimal
D. Orificiul etmoid posterior
E. Canalul optic
172 /DIRUPDUHDSHUHWHOXLQD]DOODWHUDOSDUWLFLSă
A. Osul lacrimal.
B. Maxila.
C. Labirintul etmoid.
D. Oasele nazale.
E. Osul palatin.
176 &XSULYLUHODIRVDFUDQLDQăPHGLH:
A. ÌQSDUWHDFHQWUDOăD HLVHDIOăFDQDOXORSWLFúDQĠXOFKLDVPDWLFúLúDXDWXUFHDVFă
B. ÌQSDUWHDDQWHULRDUăDúHLLWXUFHúWLVHDIOăWXEHUFXOXOvQFHDSRVWHULRDUă- speteaua, iar în
mijloc - IRVDKLSRIL]LDOă
C. $QWHULRUVHDIOăvQUDSRUWFXRUELWHOHODWHUDOFXIRVDWHPSRUDOăLQIHrior cu fosa
SWHULJRSDODWLQă
D. 3RVWHURPHGLDOGHRULILFLXORYDOVHDIOăRULILFLXOUXSW
E. &RPXQLFăFXRUELWDIRVDSWHULJRSDODWLQăúLH[RED]DFUDQLDQă
208
206
177 &XSULYLUHODIRVDFUDQLDQăSRVWHULRDUă
A. (VWHFHDPDLODUJăúLSURIXQGăGLQFHOHIRVHFUDQLHQH
B. LaterDOHVWHGHOLPLWDWăGHSDUWHDPDVWRLGLDQăDWHPSRUDOXOXLúLXQJKLXOPDVWRLGLDQDO
parietalului .
C. &OLYXVXOHVWHVHSDUDWGHSLUDPLGDWHPSRUDOăSULQILVXUDSHWURVIHQRLGDOă
D. 2ULILFLXOPDVWRLGLDQVHGHVFKLGHvQSRUĠLXQHDVXSHULRDUăDúDQĠXOXLVLQXVXOXLWUDQVYHUV.
E. 3RUĠLXQHDDQWHULRDUăDPDUHLJăXULRFFLSLWDOHHVWHPDLvQJXVWăGHFkWFHDSRVWHULRDUă
178 ,QIRVDFUDQLDQăSRVWHULRDUăVHGHVFKLGRULILFLLOH
A. Jugular
B. Oval
C. Acustic intern
D. Hipoglos
E. Sfenopalatin
179 )RVDLQIUDWHPSRUDOăHVWHGHOLPLWDWăGH
A$SRIL]DSWHULJRLGăDVIHQRLGXOXL
B. Osul palatin
C. Osul temporal
D. Osul zigomatic
E. Ramurile mandibulei
180 In care canal se FRQWLQXăIRVDSWHULJRSDODWLQă"
A. Infraorbitar
B. Palatin mare.
C. Palatin mic.
D. Supraorbitar.
E. Sfenopalatin.
181 Orbita cRPXQLFăFXIRVDSWHULJRSDODWLQăSULQ
A. Orificiul rotund.
B. Orificiul palatin mare.
C. Fisura orbitaUăLQIHULRDUă
D. Fisura orbitaUăVXSHULRDUă
E. Canalul pterigoid .
182 Fosa infratePSRUDOăFRPXQLFăFXRUELWDSULQ
A. Fisura orbitarăVXSHULRDUă
B. Fisura orbitarăLQIHULRDUă
C. Canalul optic.
')LVXUDSWHULJRPD[LODUă
()LVXUDSHWURVFYDPRDVă
183 ,QGLFDĠLFHLSHUHĠLDLIRVHLSWHULJRSDODWLQH
A. Anterior - tuberculul maxilei
B. Lateral - DSRIL]DSWHULJRLGă
C. Posterior- baza apofizei pterigoide
D. Medial - ODPHODSHUSHQGLFXODUăDRVXOXLSDODWLQ
E. Superior - arcul zigomatic
184 Ce constituie fontanelele?
$3RUĠLXQLFDUWLODJLQRDVHDOHFDOYDULHL
%3RUĠLXQLPHPEUDQRDVHDOHFDOYDULHL
C. Suturile calvariei.
''HUHJOăULDle osteogenezei.
E. Fisuri ale calvariei.
209
207
185&XSULYLUHODSDUWLFXODULWăĠLOHGHVH[DOHFUDQLXOXL:
0DQGLEXODHVWHUXJRDVăúLFRPSDFWă
3URWXEHUDQĠDPHQWDOăHELQHHYLGHQĠLDWă
3. Unghiul mandibulei e înclinat spre interior. A. La craniul feminin
$ULDQXFDOăHVODESURQXQĠDWă B. La craniul masculin
5. ArcurilHVXSHUFLOLDUHúLJODEHODVXQWELQHSURQXQĠDWH
$SRIL]DPDVWRLGLDQăHVODESURQXQĠDWă
186. Cu privire la meaturile acustice:
6HORFDOL]HD]ăvQSDUWHDWLPSDQLFăDRVXOXLWHPSRUDO
2. Se deschide pe IDĠDSRVWHULRDUăDSLUDPLGHLWHPSRUDOH A. Meatul extern
&RQĠLQHYDVHVDQJYLQHúLQHUYL B. Meatul intern
6HUYHúWHSHQWUXWUDQVPLWHUHDXQGHORUVRQRUH
6HDIOăODWHUDOGHFDYLWDWHDWLPSDQLFă
187. Cu privire la tipul de osificare a oaselor craniene:
1 Frontalul
2 Parietalul A. 2VLILFDUHGHVPDOă
3 Etmoidul B. 2VLILFDUHFRQGUDOă
4 Cornetul nazal inferior C. Prin ambele tipuri.
5 Occipitalul
6 Osul lacrimal
7 Sfenoidul
8 Maxila
9 Osul nazal
10 Temporalul
11 Osul palatin
12 Mandibula
13 Osul zigomatic
188. &XSULYLUHODúDQĠXULOHVLQXVXULORUSDKLPHQLQJHOXL
7UHFHSULQVRO]XORVXOXLIURQWDOPDUJLQHDVDJLWDOăD
SDULHWDOXOXLúLVRO]XORFFLSLWDOXOXL A. ùDQĠXOVLQXVXOXLVDJLWDO
6HWHUPLQăODQLYHOXORULILFLXOXLMXJXODU superior
7UHFHRUL]RQWDOSHIDĠDLQWHUQăDVRO]ului osului occipital. B. ùDQĠXOVLQXVXOXLVLJPRLGLDQ
4. Este rectiliniu. C. ùDQĠXOVLQXVXOXLSLHWURV
6HWHUPLQăvQVHFWRUXOVXSHULRUDOúDQĠXOXLVLJPRLGLDQ superior
6HORFDOL]HD]ăSHRDVHSDULHWDOWHPSRUDOúLRFFLSLWDO D. ùDQĠXOVLQXVXOXLWUDQVYHUV
6HDIOăSHPDUJLQHDVXSHULRDUăDSiramidei osului temporal.
II$VRFLDĠLQRĠLXQLOHGLQFRORDQDQXPHULFăFXFHOHGLQFRORDQDDOIDEHWLFăQRWDĠLúL
DUJXPHQWDĠLUăVSXQVXULOHFRUHFWH
189.Osul frontal. A. Aripi mici.
190.Osul temporal. B. )RVHWăWURKOHDUă
191.Osul occipital. C. /DPăSHUSHQGLFXODUă
192.Osul sfenoid. D. Linii nucale.
193.Osul etmoid. E. Canal carotidian.
194. Osul etmoid. A. Tubercul faringian.
195. Osul sfenoid. B. Piramida.
196. Osul temporal. C. Unghi sfenoid.
197. Osul occipital. '/DPHOăRUELWDUă
198. Osul parietal. E. Canal optic.
210
208
199. Corpul osului sfenoid. $/DPăFULEURDVă
200. Solzul occipitalului. B. Canal carotidian.
201. Osul temporal. CùDQĠDOVLQXVXOXLVDJLWDO superior.
202. Osul parietal. '$SRIL]ăFOLQRLGăSRVWHULRDUă
203. Osul etmoid. (/LQLHQXFDOăLQIHULRDUă
204. Osul palatin. A. Aripi.
205. Vomerul. B. Tubercul marginal.
206. Maxila. &/LQJXOă
207. Mandibula. '/DPăSHUSHQGLFXODUă
208. Osul zigomatic. (ùDQĠODFULPDO
209. Fosete granulare. A. Osul temporal.
210ùDQĠXOVLQXVXOXLVLJPRLG B. Osul occipital.
2113DUWHDWLPSDQLFă C. Osul sfenoid.
212. Orificiul oval. D. Osul frontal.
213,QFL]XUDHWPRLGDOă E. Osul parietal.
214. Canalul pterigoid. A. Osul parietal.
215. Canalul optic. B. Osul temporal.
216ùDQĠXOVLQXVXOXLSLHWURVLQIHULRU C. Osul frontal.
217. Unghiul frontal. D. Osul sfenoid.
218. Canalul hipoglos. E. Osul occipital.
219)LVXUDSHWURWLPSDQLFă A. Nervul facial.
220. Orificiul stilomastoidian. B. Orificiul inferior al
221. Canaliculul mastiodian. canaliculului timpanic.
222)RVHWăSLHWURDVă &1HUYLLFUDQLHQL9,,úL9,,,
223. Meatul acustic intern. '&RDUGDWLPSDQLFă
E. Ramura auULFXODUăDQHUYXOXL vag.
224. Maxila. A. Corp, 2 ramuri.
225. Mandibula. %$UHDSRIL]HWHPSRUDOăúLIURQWDOă
226. Vomerul. &$UHDSRIL]HODFULPDOăPD[LODUă
227. Osul zigomatic. HWPRLGă
228. Cornetul nazal inferior. D. 2 aripi.
E. ASRIL]HOHIURQWDOăDOYHRODUă
LQIUDWHPSRUDOăSDODWLQă
229)RVDFUDQLDQăDQWHULRDUă A. Orificiul lacerat.
230)RVDFUDQLDQăPHGLH B. Orificiul orb.
231)RVDFUDQLDQăSRVWHULRDUă C. Fisura pteULJRPD[LODUă
232)RVDLQIUDWHPSRUDOă D. Orificiul sfenopalatin.
233)RVDSUHULJRSDODWLQă E. Orificiul acustic intern.
234. Meatul nazal superior. A. Orificiul incisiv.
235. Meatul nazal mediu. B. Apertura sinusului etmoid.
236. Meatul nazal inferior. C. Infundibulul etmoidal.
237'HSUHVLXQHDVIHQRHWPRLGDOă D. Celulele posterioare ale osului etmoid.
238. Palatul dur. E. Canalul nazolacrimal.
239. Peretele superior al orbitei $)RUPDWGHRDVHVIHQRLG]LJRPDWLFúL
240. Peretele inferior al orbitei frontal.
241. Peretele lateral al orbitei B. Fosa sacului lacrimal.
242. Peretele medial al orbitei &ùDQĠXOLQIUDRUELWDU
243. Vârful orbitei D. Canalul optic
()RVDWURKOHDUă
211
209
244)LVXUDGLQWUHSHUHWHOHODWHUDOúLFHOLQIHULRUDO A. Canalul inciziv.
orbitei. %$SHUWXUDSLULIRUPă
245. Canalul de la baza apofizei pterigoidiene. &3HúWHUDPDVWRLGLDQă
246. Orificiul delimitat de incizurile nazale. ')LVXUDRUELWDUăLQIHULRDUă.
247)RUPDĠLXQHDGHODFDSăWXODQWHULRUDOVXWXULL E. Toate false.
palatine mediane.
248. Cavitatea osului temporal.
III'HWHUPLQDĠLODFDUHFRPSDUWLPHQWHDOHVFKHOHWXOXLVHUHIHUăHSRQLPHOH
269. Orizontala Frankfurt
270. Unghiul Camper $&XWLDWRUDFLFă
271. Linia lui Schoemacker B. Craniu
272. Tuberculul Chassaignac C. Bazin
273. Tuberculul Lisfranc '&RORDQDYHUWHEUDOă
274. Linia Lange
275. Unghiul Louis
210 212
TESTE PENTRU INSTRUIRE ù,$872&21752/ LA ARTROSINDESMOLOGIE
*HQHUDOLWăĠL
I. 6HOHFWDĠLúLQRWDĠLDILUPDĠLLOHFRUHFWHDUJXPHQWDĠL-le.
1. Unirile oaselor prin membrane se numesc:
A. Sincondroze
B. Sinelastoze
C. Sinsarcoze
D. Sinfibroze
E. Sinostoze
2. Suturile fac parte din:
A. Sinsarcoze
B. Sinelastoze
C. Sincondroze
D. Sinfibroze
C. Sinostoze
3. *RPIR]HOHĠLQGH :
A. Ligamente
B. Sincondroze
C. Sinfibroze
D. Sinelastoze
E. Membrane
4. Caracteristica sinartrozelor :
$'XSăGXUDWDH[LVWHQĠHLVLQRVWR]HOHVHvPSDUWvQWHPSRUDUHúLSHUPDQHQWH
B. Membranele se deosebesc de ligamente prLQPăULPHDVSDĠLXOXLRFXSDW
&$UWLFXODĠLLOHRDVHORUvQGH]YROWDUHDORUWUHFSULQDFHOHDúLWUHLVWDGLLFDúLVFKHOHWXO
'6LPIL]DHVWHRIRUPăGHWUDQ]LĠLHGHODVLQGHVPR]HODVLQFRQGUR]H
(6LQGHVPR]HOHVHSRWWUDQVIRUPDvQVLQFRQGUR]HúLVLQRVWR]H
5. )HĠHOHDUWLFXODUHDOHGLDUWUR]HORU :
A. &DUWLODMXODUWLFXODUGXSăVWUXFWXUDVDHVWHGHRELFHLKLDOLQLF
úLGRDUUDUHRULILEURV
B. *URVLPHDFDUWLODMXOXLDUWLFXODUYDULD]ăGHODSkQăOD
mm.
C. ÌQXQHOHFD]XULIHĠHOHDUWLFXODUHQXVXQWFRQJUXHnte.
D. ÌQFD]GHLQFRQJUXHQĠăDIHĠHORUDUWLFXODUHGLIHUHQĠDHVWH
QLYHODWăSULQRDVHVHVDPRLGH
E. 'LVFXULOHLQWUDDUWLFXODUHFXFLUFXPIHULQĠDORUDGHUăVWUkQVOD
FDSVXODDUWLFXODUă
6. Straturile capsulei articulare:
A. Adventiceal
B. Epitelial
C. Fibros
D. Seros
E. Sinovial
7. Lichidul sinovial are rol de:
$'LULMDUHDPLúFăULORU
B. Metabolism
C. Amortizare
'/XEULILHUHDIHĠHORUDUWLFXODUH
(&UHúWHUHDRDVHORU
213
211
8. )XQFĠLLOHFDSVXOHLDUWLFXODUHVXQWGH:
$3URWHFĠLH
B. Sprijin
C. Consolidare a oaselor
'5HJOHPHQWDUHDPLúFăULORU
(6HFUHĠLH
9. )XQFĠLLOHOLJDPHQWHORUVXQWFHOHGH:
A. Consolidare a oaselor
B. Fortificare a capsulei articulare
&)UkQDUHDPLúFăULORU
''LULMDUHDPLúFăULORU
(3URWHFĠLH
10. Cartilajul articular :
$1XFRQĠLQHWHUPLQDĠLLQHUYRDVH
%$UHSURSULHWăĠLGHFRPSUHVLELOLWDWHúLHODVWLFLWDWH
&-RDFăUROGHDPRUWL]DWRU
''HYLQHPDLJURVSHPăVXUDvQDLQWăULLvQYkUVWă
(ÌQFD]GHLPRELOL]DUHvQGHOXQJDWăSRDWHILLQYDGDWGHYDVHVDQJYLQH
,,$VRFLDĠLDILUPDĠLLOHGLQ FRORDQDQXPHULFăFXIRUPDĠLXQLOHGLQFRORDQDDOIDEHWLFă
QRWDĠLúLDUJXPHQWDĠLUăVSXQVXULOHFRUHFWH
0LúFDUHDSULQFDUHGRXăVHJPHQWHDOHXQXLPHPEUXVHDSURSLHXQXO $&LUFXPGXFĠLD
de altul. %$GGXFĠLD
0LúFDUHDSULQFDUHGRXăVHJPHQWHDOHXQXLPHPEUXVHvQGHSăUWHD]ă &$EGXFĠLD
unul de altul. D. Extensia
0LúFDUHDGDWRULWăFăUHLDXQPHPEUXVDXXQVHJPHQWGHPHPEUXVH F. Flexia
apropie de planul sagital al corpului.
0LúFDUHDFHUH]XOWăGLQUHDOL]DUHDVXFFHVLYăDDEGXFĠLHLH[WHQVLHL
DGGXFĠLHLúLIOH[LHL
3HUPLWHGRDUPLúFăULGHURWDĠLH $$UWLFXODĠLDSODQă
6XQWSRVLELOHQXPDLPLúFăULGHDOXQHFDUH %$UWLFXODĠLDWURKOHDQă
3HUPLWHPLúFăULGHIOH[LH- extensie. &$UWLFXODĠLDWURKRLGă
5HDOL]HD]ăPLúFăULGHIOH[LH- H[WHQVLHDEGXFĠLH- DGGXFĠLHúL '$UWLFXODĠLDFRQGLODUă
FLUFXPGXFĠLH ($UWLFXODĠLDvQúD
5HDOL]HD]ăPLúFăULGHIOH[Le - H[WHQVLHDEGXFĠLH- DGGXFĠLHURWDĠLH )$UWLFXODĠLD
úLFLUFXPGXFĠLH HOLFRLGDOă
3RVHGăIHĠHDUWLFXODUHLGHQWLFH *$UWLFXODĠLDHOLSVRLGă
3HUPLWHPLúFăULRSXVHvQWU-un singur plan. +(QDUWUR]ă
3HUPLWHPLúFăULvQMXUXODGRXăD[HUHFLSURFSHUSHQGLFXODUH ,$PILDUWUR]ă
3HUPLWHPLúFăULvQWRDWHSODQXULOH
ùDQĠXOWURKOHHLHVWHVLWXDWVXEXQXQJKLIDĠăGHD[DHL
2(VWHFRPSXVăGLQXQLUHDPDLPXOWRURDVH A. 'LDUWUR]ăVLPSOă
3UH]LQWăRFRPELQDUHIXQFĠLRQDOăDFvWRUYDDUWLFXODĠLLDQDWRPLF B. 'LDUWUR]ăFRPSXVă
separate. C. 'LDUWUR]ă
&RQĠLQHFDUWLODMLQWUDDUWLFXODU FRPELQDWă
(VWHFRPSXVăSULQXQLUHDDGRXăRDVH D. DLDUWUR]ăFRPSOH[ă
214
212
-RQFĠLXQLOHRDVHORUFUDQLHQH
I6HOHFWDĠLúLQRWDĠLDILUPDĠLLOHFRUHFWHDUJXPHQWDĠL-le.
29. -RQFĠLXQLOHRDVHORUFUDQLHQH:
A. Oasele faciale se unesc numai prin intermediul suturilor plane.
B. 6XWXULOHGLQĠDWHOLSVHVFvQUHJLXQHDFUDQLXOXLfacial.
C. ÌQWUHFRUSXOVIHQRLGXOXLúLED]DRFFLSLWDOXOXLVHDIOăRVLQFRQGUR]ăSHUPDQHQWă
D. *RPIR]HOHUHSUH]LQWăRYDULHWDWHDVLQGHVPR]HORU
E. $UWLFXODĠLDWHPSRURPDQGLEXODUăHVWHRGLDUWUR]ăFRQGLODUăFRPSOH[ăFRPELQDWă
30. $UWLFXODĠLDWHPSRURPDQGLEXODUă :
A. &DYLWDWHDDUWLFXODUăHVWHVHSDUDWăvQGRXăHWDMH
%'LVFXODUWLFXODUDUHRIRUPăGHOHQWLOăELFRQYH[ă
&0LúFăULOHGHDOXQHFDUHDXORFvQHWDMXOLQIHULRU
'0LúFăULOHGHURWDĠLHvQMXUXOD[HLYHUWLFDOHVHHIHFWXHD]ăvQHWDMXOVXSHULRU
E. În caz de laterRSXOVLHDUHORFPLúFDUHDGHDOXQHFDUHXQLODWHUDOăDFDSXOXLPDQGLEXOHLFX
GLVFXODUWLFXODUvQHWDMXOVXSHULRUDO$70LDUvQSDUWHDFRQWUDODWHUDOă- URWDĠLDvQHWDMXO
inferior.
31. $SDUDWXOOLJDPHQWDUDODUWLFXODĠLHLWHPSRURPDQGLEXODUH:
A. Ligamentul laterDOHVWHFRQFUHVFXWFXFDSVXODDUWLFXODUă
B. Ligamentele extrinseci unesc mandibula cu craniul.
C. /LJDPHQWXOVWLORPDQGLEXODUUHSUH]LQWăRvQJURúDUHDFDSVXOHLILEURDVHDJODQGHL
parotide.
D. /LJDPHQWXOVIHQRPDQGLEXODUVHH[WLQGHGHODVSLQDRVXOXLVIHQRLGSkQăODunghiul
mandubulei.
E. /LJDPHQWXOVIHQRPDQGLEXODUMRDFăUROXOGHVXSRUWSDVLYDOPDQGLEXOHL
32. 0LúFăULOHvQDUWLFXODĠLDWHPSRURPDQGLEXODUă :
A. ÌQSURSXOVLHDUHORFDOXQHFDUHDELODWHUDOăDFDSXOXLPDQGLEXOHLvPSUHXQăFXGLVFXO
DUWLFXODUSHIDĠDDUWLFXODUăDtemporalului.
B. ÌQUHWURSXOVLHDXORFPLúFăULGHURWDĠLHvQHWDMXOLQIHULRU
C. /DPLúFDUHDGHFRERUkUHDPDQGLEXOHLVHGLVWLQJWUHLID]H
D. ÌQGHSODVDUHDPDQGLEXOHLDQWHULRUPLúFDUHDVHUHDOL]HD]ăGRDUvQHWDMXOLQIHULRU
(ÌQODWHURSXOVLHPLúFăULOHFDUHDX ORFvQDPEHOHDUWLFXODĠLLQXVXQWLGHQWLFH
II. $VRFLDĠLQRĠLXQLOHGLQFRORDQDQXPHULFăFXFHOHGLQFRORDQDDOIDEHWLFă
QRWDĠLúLDUJXPHQWDĠLUăVSXQVXULOHFRUHFWH
'HWHUPLQDĠLWLSXOVXWXULORUvQWUHRDVHOH :
3DULHWDOúLRFFLSLWDO A. Sutura serrata
)URQWDOúLQD]al B. Sutura squamoza
0D[LODGUHDSWăúLVWkQJă C. Sutura plana
7HPSRUDOúLVIHQRLG
)URQWDOúLSDULHWDO
7HPSRUDOúL]LJRPDWLF
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,6HOHFWDĠLúLQRWDĠLDILUPDĠLLOHFRUHFWHDUJXPHQWDĠL-le
39. ArticulDĠLLOHFRUSXULORUYHUWHEUHORU:
A. Între corpurile vertebrelor limitrofe unirea are loc prin sincondroze, sindesmoze sau
sinostoze.
%*URVLPHDGLVFXULORULQWHUYHUWHEUDOHHVWHPDLPLFăvQVHJPHQWXOthoracic al coloanei vertebrale.
C. Discurile intervertebrale sunt bine vascularizate.
'/LJDPHQWXOORQJLWXGLQDODQWHULRUHVWHFRQFUHVFXWFXFRUSXULOHYHUWHEUHORUúLQXVHXQHúWHFX
discurile intervertebrale.
E. Ligamentul longitudinal posterior începe de la PDUJLQHDSRVWHULRDUăDRULILFLXOXLRFFLSLWDO mare.
40. Discurile intervertebrale:
A. Au aspectul unei lentile biconvexe.
B. Dimensiunile lor sunt mai mari ca cele ale corpurilor vertebrelor.
C. Unirea vertebrelor limitrofe are loc prin nucleul pulpos.
D. Rolul principal al inelului fibros este cel de amortizare.
(3ULPXOVHORFDOL]HD]ăvQWUHYHUWHEUHOHFHUYLFDOH,úL,,
41 Unirea arcurilor vertebrale are loc prin intermediul :
A. Lig. zigapofizale
B. Lig. supraarcuate
C. Lig. intervertebrale
D. Lig. galbene
E. Lig. interarcuate
42 Ligamentele longitudinale ale coloanei vertebrale:
$6HORFDOL]HD]ăELODWHUDOGHFRUSXULOHYHUWHEUDOH
%/LJDPHQWXODQWHULRUVHvQWLQGHGHODWXEHUFXOXOIDULQJLDQSkQăODOLQLDWUDQVYHUVDOăVDFUDOăD
II a sau a III.
&/LJDPHQWXOORQJLWXGLQDOSRVWHULRUVHOăĠHúWHla nivelul discurilor intervertebrale.
D. Ligamentele longitudinale concresc tenace cu discurile intervertebrale.
(/LJDPHQWXOORQJLWXGLQDOSRVWHULRUVHWHUPLQăSHIDĠDSRVWHULRDUăDFRUSXULORUYHUWHEUHORU
sacrale sau cel al vertebrei coccigiene I.
43. /LJDPHQWXOVXSUDVSLQDOLQUHJLXQHDFHUYLFDOăHQXPLW :
A. Lig. occipital inferior
B. Lig. supraspinal posterior
C. Lig. supraspinal cervical
D. Lig. nucal
E. Lig. occipital posterior
44. $UWLFXODĠLLOHYHUWHEUHORU :
A. Arcurile vertebrale se unesc prin sinfibroze.
B. $UWLFXODĠLLOHLQWHUYHUWHEUDOHVXQWGLDUWUR]HSODQHSOXULD[LDOHSXĠLQPRELOH
C. /LJDPHQWHOHLQWHUWUDQVYHUVDOHVXQWELQHHYLGHQĠLDWHvQSRUĠLXQHDFHUYLFDOă
D. /LJDPHQWXOQXFDOHVWHLQVHUDWVXSHULRUSHFUHDVWDH[WHUQăDRVXOXLRFFLSLWDOLQIHULRU–
SHDSRIL]DVSLQRDVăDYHUWHEUHLSURHPLQHQWH
(/LJDPHQWHOHLQWHUVSLQDOHVXQWIRDUWHILQHvQUHJLXQHDFHUYLFDOă
45. $UWLFXODĠLLOH]LJDSRIL]DOHUHSUH]LQWă:
A. Amfiartroze
B. Diartroze uniaxiale
C. Diartroze plane
D. Sinartroze
E. Diartroze pluriaxiale
216
214
46. &RORDQDYHUWHEUDODSUH]LQWăPRELOLWDWHVSRULWăODQLYHOXO :
A. Lordozelor
B. Segmentului toracic
C. Cifozelor
D. Segmentului cervical
E. Segmentului lombar.
47. $UWLFXODĠLLOHFRORDQHLYHUWHEUDOHFXFUDQLXO :
A. /DDUWLFXODĠLDFRORDQHLYHUWHEUDOHFXFUDQLXOSDUWLFLSăRDVH
B. $UWLFXODĠLLOHDWODQWRRFFLSLWDOHVXQWIRUWLILFDWHGHPHPEUDQHOHDWODQWRRFFLSLWDOHDQWHULRDUăúL
SRVWHULRDUă
C. 0HPEUDQDDWODQWRRFFLSLWDOăDQWHULRDUăHVWHPDLODWăGHFkWFHDSRVWHULRDUă
D. $UWLFXODĠLLOHDWODQWRD[LDOHVXQWDFRSHULWHDQWHUior de membrana tectorie.
($SRIL]DRGRQWRLGăHVWHPHQĠLQXWăvQSR]LĠLHVWDELOăSULQOLJDPHQWHOHDODUFUXFLIRUPúL
apical.
48. 0LúFăULOHFRORDQHLYHUWHEUDOH :
A. ÌQFRORDQDYHUWHEUDOăVXQWSRVLELOHPLúFăULGHIOH[LHúLH[WHQVLHDGGXFĠLHúLDEGXFĠLH
rotDĠLH
B. )RUPDGLVFXULORULQWHUYHUWHEUDOHVHPRGLILFăvQWLPSXOPLúFăULL
C. &HDPDLPRELOăSRUĠLXQHDFRORDQHLYHUWHEUDOHHVWHFHDORPEDUă
D. ÌQFRORDQDYHUWHEUDOăVXQWSRVLELOHPLúFăULGHFLUFXPGXFĠLH
E. $PSOLWXGLQHDPLúFăULORUGHDEGXFĠLHúLDGGXFĠLHvQSRUĠLXQHD WRUDFLFăDFRORDQHLYHUWHEUDOH
HVWHPDLPDUHGHFkWDFHORUGHURWDĠLH
F.
49. -RQFĠLXQLOHH[WUHPLWăĠLORUSRVWHULRDUHDOHFRDVWHORU
A. Capetele coastelor II-;IRUPHD]ăFXYHUWHEUHOHGLDUWUR]HFRPSXVH
B. 7RDWHDUWLFXODĠLLOHFDSXOXLFRVWDOVXQWFRQVROLGDWHSULQtr-XQOLJDPHQWLQWUDDUWLFXODUúLXQXO
extraarticular radiat.
C. ([WUHPLWăĠLOHSRVWHULRDUHDOHFRDVWHORUVHXQHVFvQWUHHOHSULQPHPEUDQDLQWHUFRVWDOă
H[WHUQă
D. 5RWDĠLDvQDUWLFXODĠLLOHFRVWRYHUWHEUDOHúLFRVWRWUDQVYHUVDOHSHUPLWHPLúFăULGHDVFHQVLXQHúL
descHQVLXQHDH[WUHPLWăĠLORUDQWHULRDUHDOHFRDVWHORU
E. $UWLFXODĠLLOHFRVWRWUDQVYHUVDOHVXQWOLSVLWHGHOLJDPHQWHGHFRQVROLGDUH
F.
50. -RQFĠLXQLOHH[WUHPLWăĠLORUDQWHULRDUHDOHFRDVWHORU
A. &DSVXODDUWLFXODĠLLORUVWHUQRFRVWDOHSUH]LQWăRFRQWLQXDUHDSHULRVWXOXi sternal.
B. 3ULPDFRDVWăVHXQHúWHFXVWHUQXOSULQVLQFRQGUR]ă
C. $UWLFXODĠLLOHFRVWRVWHUQDOH,,-9,,VXQWFRQVROLGDWHSULQOLJDPHQWXOLQWUDDUWLFXODUúL
ligamentele sternocostale radiate.
D. &DUWLODMHOHFRDVWHORUIDOVHFRQFUHVFvQWUHHOHVDXIRUPHD]ăDUWLFXODĠLL intercondrale.
E. &DYLWDWHDDUWLFXODĠLHLVWHUQR-FRVWDOHD,,HVWHVHSDUDWăvQGRXăFRPSDUWLPHQWH
F.
51. /DFDUHLQGLYL]LWRUDFHOHHGHIRUPDFRQLFă"
A. La femei
B. La cei de tip brahimorf
C. La cei de tip dolicomorf
D. La cei de tip mezomorf
E. La persoanele senile
217
215
,,$VRFLDĠLQRĠLXQLOHGLQFRORDQDQXPHULFăFXFHOHGLQFRORDQDDOIDEHWLFă
QRWDĠLúLDUJXPHQWDĠLUăVSXQVXULOHFRUHFWH
52. Ligamentele alare. A. Articulatio atlantoaxialis mediana
8QLULSODQHSOXULD[LDOHSXĠLQPRELOH B. Articulatio atlanto - occipitalis
0HPEUDQDDWODQWRRFFLSLWDOăDQWHULRDUă C. Articulationes zygapophysiales
55.Ligamentul apical al apofizei odontoide. D. Articulationes atlantoaxiales
56.Ligamentul transvers al atlasului. laterales
57.Membrana tectorie.
58.Unirile corpurilor vertebrale A. Diartroze
59.Unirile arcurilor vertebrale B. Sinelastoze
-RQFĠLXQLOHDSRIL]HORUDUWLFXODUHDOHYHUWHEUHORU C. Sincondroze
61.Unirile apofizelor transversale D. Sinostoze
62.Unirile apofizelor spinoase E. Simfize
63.Unirile vertebrelor sacrale F. Sinfibroze
G. Sinsarcoze
-RQFĠLXQLOHPHPEUXOXLVXSHULRU
,6HOHFWDĠLúLQRWDĠLDILUPDĠLLOHFRUHFWHDUJXPHQWDĠL-le.
64. $UWLFXODĠLDVWHUQRFODYLFXODUă :
A. )HĠHOHDUWLFXODUHVXQWFRQJUXHQWH
B. $UWLFXODĠLDHVWHFRPSOH[ăFRPELQDWă
C. 6XQWSRVLELOHPLúFăULvQMXUXODD[H
D. &DYLWDWHDDUWLFXODUăHVWHGLYL]DWăvQGRXăFDPHUH
E. (VWHFRQVROLGDWăGHOLJDPHQWHOHVWHUQRFODYLFXODUHLQWHUFODYLFXODUúLFRVWRFODYLFXODU
65. $UWLFXODĠLDDFURPLRFODYLFXODUă :
A. (VWHRGLDUWUR]ăPXOWLD[LDOăFRPELQDWă
B. În 1/3 din cazuri are un disc articular.
C. Discul uneori are un orificiu .
D. &DSVXODHVWHFRQVROLGDWăGHOLJDPHQWXOFRUDFRDFURPLDO
E. /LJDPHQWXOFRUDFRFODYLFXODULQFOXGHSRUĠLXQL OLJFRQRLGúLOLJWUDSH]RLG
66. $UWLFXODĠLDXPăUXOXL :
A. 'HSUHVLXQHDVFDSXOHLHVWHGHRULPDLPLFăGHFkWVXSUDIDĠDcapului humerusului.
B. &DSVXODDUWLFXODUăVHLQVHUăODGLVWDQĠăGHFDSXOKXPHUDO
C. &DSVXODDUWLFXODUăHVWHILQăúLOLEHUă
D. %XUVDVXEVFDSXODUăVHORFDOL]HD]ăODED]DDSRIL]HLFRUDFRLGH
E. 7HDFDVLQRYLDOăLQWHUWXEHUFXODUăFXSULQGHWHQGRQXOFDSXOXLOXQJDOPXúFKLXlui biceps
al humerusului.
67. $UWLFXODĠLDFRWXOXL :
A. /DIRUPDUHDHLSDUWLFLSăIHĠHDUWLFXODUH
B. $UWLFXODĠLDUDGLRXOQDUăSUR[LPDOăHVWHIRUWLILFDWăGHOLJDPHQWHOHFRODWHUDOH
C. ÌQUHJLXQHDDUWLFXODĠLHLOLSVHVFEXUVHOHVLQRYLDOH
D. ,QFRPSRQHQĠDDUWLFXODĠLHLFXELWDOHLQWUăDUWLFXODĠLLGHIRUPHGLIHULWHVIHURLGă
WURKRLGăúLWURKOHDUă
E. ÌQHDVXQWSRVLELOHPLúFăULvQMXUXODD[H
68. -RQFĠLXQLOHRDVHORUDQWHEUDĠXOXL :
A. 2DVHOHDQWHEUDĠXOXLVHXQHVFSULQVLQGHVPR]ăúLGLDUWUR]H
B. $UWLFXODĠLDUDGLRXOQDUăSUR[LPDOăHVWHFRQVROLGDWăGHOLJDPHQWHOHLQHODUúLSDWUDW
C. &DSVXODDUWLFXODĠLHLUDGLRXOQDUHGLVWDOHIRUPHD]ăRSURODEDUHvQWUHRDVHOHFDUSLHQH
D. $PSOLWXGLQHDVXSLQDĠLHLúLSURQDĠLHLvQDUWLFXODĠLLOHUDGLRXOQDUHDWLQJH0.
E. $UWLFXODĠLDUDGLRXOQDUăGLVWDOăHVWHFRPSOH[ă
218
216
69. $UWLFXODĠLDUDGLR-FDUSLDQă :
A. (VWHIRUPDWăGLQRDVH UDGLXVúLRDVHDOHUkQGXOXLSUR[LPDODOFDUSXOXL
B. &DSVXODDUWLFXODUăHVWHIL[DWăODGLVWDQĠăGHIHĠHOHDUWLFXODUH
C. Ligamentul radiocarpian palmar se extinde de la radius pâQăODRVXOVFafoid.
D. (VWHRDUWLFXODĠLHHOLSVRLGăELD[LDOă
E. 3RVHGăOLJDPHQWHGHFRQVROLGDUHFRODWHUDOHúLUDGLRFDUSLHQH
70. $UWLFXODĠLLOHPkLQLL :
A. &DSVXODDUWLFXODĠLHLPHGLRFDUSLHQHHVWHIRDUWHILQăvQSDUWHDSDOPDUă
B. &DYLWDWHDDUWLFXODĠLHLPHGLRFDUSLHQHFRPXQLFăFXFHDDDUWLFXODĠLHLUDGLRFDUSLHQH
C. $UWLFXODĠLLOHLQWHUFDUSLHQHVXQWFRQVROLGDWHGHOLJDPHQWHOHLQWHUFDUSLHQHGRUVDOH
SDOPDUHLQWHURVRDVHúLOLJDPHQWXOUDGLDWSL]RKDPDWSL]RPHWDFDUSLDQ
D. $UWLFXODĠLLOHFDUSRPHWDFDUSLHQH,,-V au fisură DUWLFXODUăFRPXQă
(&DYLWDWHDDUWLFXODĠLHLFDUSRPHWDFDUSLHQHDSROLFHOXOXLHVWHL]RODWăGHDOWHDUWLFXODĠLL
carpometacarpiene.
71. $UWLFXODĠLLOHLQWHUPHWDFDUSLHQHPHWDFDUSRIDODQJLHQHúLLQWHUIDODQJLHQH :
A. $UWLFXODĠLLOHLQWHUPHWDFDUSLHQHDXFDSVXOăFRPXQăFXDUWLFXODĠLLOHFDUSRPHWDFDUSLHQH
II-V.
B. $UWLFXODĠLLOHPHWDFDUSRIDODQJLHQHVXQWHOLSVRLGHPXOWLD[LDOH
C. $UWLFXODĠLLOHLQWHUPHWDFDUSLHQHVXQWFRQVROLGDWHGHOLJDPHQWHOHGRUVDOHSDOPDUHúL
LQWHURVRDVHFHDXGLUHFĠLHWUDQVYHUVDOă
D. Capsulele artiFXODĠLLORUPHWDFDUSRIDODQJLHQHVXQWvQWLQVH
($UWLFXODĠLLOHLQWHUIDODQJLHQHVXQWWURKOHDUHXQLD[LDOH
72. /LJDPHQWHOHDUWLFXODĠLHLXPărului :
A. Scapulohumeral
B. Acromiohumeral
C. Clavihumeral
D. Deltoideohumeral
E. Coracohumeral
75. /LJDPHQWHOHDUWLFXODĠLHLFRWXOXL :
A. Colateral humeral
B. Colateral ulnar
C. Colateral radial
D. Colateral radioulnar
E. Inelar al radiusului
219
217
76. $UWLFXODĠLLOHVHODUHDOHmembrului superior :
$&DUSRPHWDFDUSLDQăDSROLFHOXL
%5DGLRXOQDUăSUR[LPDOă
&+XPHURXOQDUă
D. A. cotului
E. Carpometacarpiene
77. $UWLFXODĠLLOHFRPSXVHDOHPHPEUXOXLVXSHULRU :
A. Interfalangiene
%5DGLRFDUSLDQă
&&DUSRPHWDFDUSLDQăDSROLFHOXL
D. A. cotului
E. Carpometacarpiene
78. Componentele complexului solidar al mâinii :
A. $UWLFXODĠLLOHFDUSR-metacarpiene cu ligamentele lor
%$UWLFXODĠLLOHLQWHUFDUSLHQHFXDSDUDWXOORUOLJDPHQWDU
$UWLFXODĠLDUDGLRFDUSLDQăFXDSDUDWXOHLGHFRQVROLGDUH
D. ArticXODĠLLOHLQWHUPHWDFDUSLHQHFXOLJDPHQWHOHORU
($UWLFXODĠLLOHPHWDFDUSRIDODQJLHQHFXDSDUDWXOORUOLJDPHQWDU
-RQFĠLXQLOHRDVHORUPHPEUXOXLLQIHULRU
,6HOHFWDĠLúLQRWDĠLDILUPDĠLLOHFRUHFWHDUJXPHQWDĠL-le.
79. $UWLFXODĠLDVDFURLOLDFă:
A. (VWHIRUPDWăGLQIHĠHOHDUWLFXODUHDXULFXODUHDOHVDFUXOXLúLFR[DOXOXL
B. &DSVXODDUWLFXODUăHVWHOLEHUăúLUH]LVWHQWă
C. Cartilajul articular pe osul coxal este mai gros decât de pe sacru.
D. Dintre ligamentele sacroiliace cel interosos este cel mai puternic.
E. 3UH]LQWăRDPILDUWUR]ă
80. 6LPIL]DSXELDQă :
A. (VWHRKHPLDUWUR]ăIRUPDWăvQWUHRDVHOHSXELHQHFRQWUDLDFHQWH
B. 'LVFXOILEURFDUWLODJLQRVLQWHUSXELDQHVWHPDLPDVLYODEăUEDĠL
C. ÌQăOĠLPHDVLPIL]HLHVWHPDLPDUHODIHPHL
D. 0LúFăULOHVXQWSRVLELOHODIHPHLvQWLPSXOQDúWHULL
E. (VWHIL[DWăGHOLJDPHQWXOSXELDQVXSHULRUúLOLJDPHQWXODUFXDWDOSXELVXOXL
81. Bazinul în ansamblu:
A. Constituie un inel osos.
B. %D]LQXOPDUHDOFăWXLHúWHSDUWHDLQIHULRDUăDFDYLWăĠLLDEGRPLQDOH
C. 2ULILFLXOVFLDWLFPDUHHVWHGHOLPLWDWGHLQFL]XUDVFKLDWLFăPDUHúLOLJDPHQWXO sacrotuberal.
D. 2ULILFLXOVFLDWLFPLFHVWHIRUPDWGHLQFL]XUDVFKLDWLFăPLFăúLOLJDPHQWXOVDFURVSLQDO
E. ÌQSR]LĠLHDQDWRPLFăDSHUWXUDVXSHULRDUăDED]LQXOXLODIHPHLIRUPHD]ăFXSODQXO
orizontal un unghi (50-550).
82. /LQLDWHUPLQDOăHIRUPDWăGLQ
A. Promontoriu
B. &UHDVWDLOLDFă
C. /LQLDDUFXDWă
D. &UHDVWDSXELFă
E. 0DUJLQHDVXSHULRDUăDVLPIL]HLSXELHQH
220
218
83. Limitele aperturii inferioare a bazinului includ:
A. Coccisul
B. Ligamentele sacrospinale
&7XEHUR]LWăĠLOHVFLDWLFH
'5DPXULOHVFLDWLFHúi pubiene inferioare
(6LPIL]DSXELDQă
84. $UWLFXODĠLDFR[RIHPXUDOă
A. (VWHIRUPDWăGHFDSXOIHPXUXOXLúLIRVDDFHWDEXODUă
B. %XUHOHWXODFHWDEXODUFRQVWăGLQFDUWLODMKLDOLQLF
C. &DSVXODDUWLFXODUăVe IL[HD]ăGHEXUHOHWXODFHWDEXODU
D. &ROXOIHPXUDOVHDIOăvQLQWHULRUXOFDYLWăĠLLDUWLFXODUH
E. Aparatul de fixare include ligamente extraarticulare, intracapsulare, intraarticulare.
85. 0LúFăULOHvQDUWLFXODĠLDFR[RIHPXUDOă
A. $PSOLWXGLQHDPLúFăULORUGHSLQGHGHSR]LĠLDDUWLFXODĠLHLJHQXQFKLXOXL
B. 5RWDĠLDODWHUDOă HVWHPDLHYLGHQWăGHFkWFHDPHGLDOă
C. /LJDPHQWXOLVFKLRIHPXUDOIUkQHD]ăH[WHQVLD
D. 0LúFăULOHVXQWOLPLWDWHGHDSDUDWXOOLJDPHQWDU
E. $PSOLWXGLQHDURWDĠLHLFRQVWLWXLH-80 grade
86. $UWLFXODĠLDJHQXQFKLXOXL
$)HĠHOHDUWLFXODUHVXQWH[WLQVHLQFRQJUXHQWH
%(VWHFRQVWLWXLWăGLQDUWLFXODĠLDIHPXURWLELDOăúLSDWHORIHPXUDOă
&&DSVXODILEURDVăVHLQVHUăGLVWDQĠDWGHPDUJLQLOHFDUWLODMHORUDUWLFXODUHDOHWLELHL
'6WDELOLWDWHDHLGHSLQGHGHOLJDPHQWHOHPXúFKLLúLWHQGRDQHOHGLQMXUXODUWLFXODĠLHL
E. EVWHRGLDUWUR]ăXQLD[LDOă
87. (OHPHQWHOHLQWUDDUWLFXODUHDOHDUWLFXODĠLHLJHQXQFKLXOXL
A. /LJDPHQWHOHFUXFLDWHVXQWORFDOL]DWHvQDIDUDFDYLWăĠLLVLQRYLDOH
B. Ligamentul cruciat anterior este mai slab decât cel posterior.
C. Ligamentul cruciat posterior previnHGHSODVDUHDSRVWHULRDUăDIHPXUXOXLSHWLELHúL
hiperextensia genunchiului.
D. Ligamentul cruciat posterior previne hiperflexia genunchiului.
E. /LJDPHQWXOFUXFLDWDQWHULRUHVWHIDFWRUXOSULQFLSDOGHVWDELOL]DUHDIHPXUXOXLvQSR]LĠLDGH
IOH[LHVXELQIOXHQĠDPDsei corpului.
89. Meniscurile:
A. &RQWULEXLHODFRQJUXHQĠDIHĠHORUDUWLFXODUHúLDPRUWL]DUH.
B. 0DUJLQLOHH[WHUQHDOHORUVHXQHVFFXFDSVXODILEURDVă
C. Marginile interne ale lor sunt libere.
D. &HOPHGLDODUHIRUPăVHPLOXQDUă
E. &HOODWHUDOHVWHDSURDSHURWXQGPDLPLFúLPDLPRELOGHFkWFHOPHGLDO
221
219
90. &RPSRQHQWHOHDUWLFXODĠLHLJHQXQFKLXOXL
A. LigaPHQWXOWUDQVYHUVDOJHQXQFKLXOXLXQHúWHSRUĠLXQLOHDQWHULRDUHDOHPHQLVFXULORU
%0HQLVFXOODWHUDOHVWHIL[DWODOLJDPHQWXOFUXFLDWSRVWHULRUúLODFRQGLOXOPHGLDODOIHPXUXOXL
prin ligamente.
&1XPăUXOúLGLPHQVLXQLOHEXUVHORUVLQRYLDOHYDULD]ăLQGividual.
'&DSVXODILEURDVăHOD[ă
E. Bursele VLQRYLDOHVXSUDSDWHODUăSRSOLWHHDQVHULQăúLJDVWURFQHPLDQăFRPXQLFăFX
cavitatea VLQRYLDOăDJHQXQFKLXOXL
91. $UWLFXODĠLDWLELRILEXODUă :
A. )DĠDDUWLFXODUăDFDSXOXLILEXODUHVWHVLPLODUăFXFHDORFDOL]DWăSHIDĠDSRVWHURODWHUDOăD
condilului lateral al tibiei.
B. &DSVXODHLVHLQVHUăSHPDUJLQHDIHĠHORUDUWLFXODUH
C. (VWHFRQVROLGDWăGHOLJDPHQWHOHLQWUDFDSVXODUHDOHFDSXOXLIXEXODUDQWHULRUúLSRVWHULRU
D. (VWHRDPILDUWUR]ă
E. &DYLWDWHDHLDUWLFXODUăFRPXQLFăFXFHDDJHQXQFKLXOXL
92. -RQFĠLXQHDWLELRILEXODUăGLVWDOă
A. Integritatea sindesmozHLWLELRILEXODUHGLVWDOHHVWHHVHQĠLDOăSHQWUXVWDELOLWDWHDDUWLFXODĠLHLWDORFUXUDOH
B. $UHDUXJRDVăWULXQJKLXODUăDPDOHROHLODWHUDOHVHXQHúWHFXLQFL]XUDILEXODUăGHSH
H[WUHPLWDWHDGLVWDOăDWLELHL
C. (FRQVROLGDWăGHOLJDPHQWXOLQWHURVRVúLOLJDPHQWHWLELRILEXODUHDQWHULRUúLSRVWHULRU
D. 5HSUH]LQWăRGLDUWUR]ăFRPELQDWă
E. 0HPEUDQDLQWHURVRDVăQXSDUWLFLSăODFRQVROLGDUHDHL
93. $UWLFXODĠLDWDORFUXUDOă
A. Este IRUPDWăGHIHĠHDUWLFXODUH
B. &DSVXODDUWLFXODUăDHLHVWHJURDVăvQWăULWăGHOLJDPHQWHOHODWHUDOHSXWHUQLFH
&&DSVXODVHLQVHUăSHPDUJLQHDIHĠHORUDUWLFXODUH
'0HPEUDQDVLQRYLDOăHVWHOD[ă
(&DYLWDWHDVLQRYLDOăVHH[WLQGHGHVHRULVXSHULRUvQWUHOigamentele tibiofibulare.
94. (OHPHQWHOHGHFRQVROLGDUHDDUWLFXODĠLHLWDORFUXUDOH:
A. /LJDPHQWXOODWHUDOFRPSXVGLQSRUĠLXQL
B. /LJDPHQWXOWDORILEXODUDQWHULRUH[WLQVvQWUHPDOHRODODWHUDOăúLFROXOWDODU
C. Ligamentul talofibular posterior, extins de la maOHRODODWHUDOăSkQăODWXEHUFXOXOlateral talar.
D. /LJDPHQWXOFDOFDQHRILEXODUORFDOL]DWvQWUHYkUIXOPDOHROHLODWHUDOHúLIDĠDODWHUDOăD
calcaneului.
E. /LJDPHQWXOPHGLDOFDUHSRUQHúWHGHODPDOHRODPHGLDOăúLVHLQVHUăSHWDOXVFDOFDQHXúL
osul navicular.
95. $UWLFXODĠLLOHSLFLRUXOXL:
$$UWLFXODĠLD&KRSDUWHVWHFHDPDLPRELOăDUWLFXODĠLHDSLFLRUXOXL
%$UWLFXODĠLDWUDQVYHUVDOăDWDUVXOXLLQFOXGHDUWLFXODĠLLOHWDORQDYLFXODUăúLFDOFDQHR-FXERLGă
&0LúFăULOHSULQFLSDOHvQDUWLFXODĠLDWUDQVYHUVDOăDWDUVXOXLúLFHDVXEWDODUăVXQWLQYHUVLDúL
eversia.
'ÌQDUWLFXODĠLDVXEWDODUăVHUHDOL]HD]ăPLúFăULGHDGGXFĠLHúLDEGXFĠLHDSLFLRUXOXL
(3ULQVLQXVXOWDUVXOXLWUHFHWHQGRQXOXQXLPXúFKL
96. $UWLFXODĠLDFDOFDQHRFXERLGă
A. )HĠHOHDUWLFXODUHQXVXQWcongruente.
B. (VWHRDUWLFXODĠLHVHOLIRUPăFHSHUPLWHRURWDĠLHOLPLWDWă
C. &DSVXODHVWHPDLJURDVăúLPDLWHQVLRQDWăGLQSDUWHDPHGLDOă
D. &DYLWDWHDDUWLFXODUăXQHRULFRPXQLFăFXFHDDDUWLFXODĠLHLWDORFDOFDQHRQDYLFXODUH
E. 3HIDĠDGRUVDOăHVWHFRQVROLGDWăPDLELQHGHFkWSHFHDSODQWDUă
222
220
97. /LJDPHQWHOHDUWLFXODĠLLORUSLFLRUXOXL
A. Ligamentul plantar lung - cel mai puternic dintre ligamentele piciorului.
B. /LJDPHQWXOSODQWDUOXQJvQFHSHSHIDĠDODWHUDOăDFDOFDQHXOXLúLVHLQVHUăSHED]HOHRDVHORU
metatarsiene II-V.
C. Ligamentul-FKHLHDODUWLFXODĠLHL&KRSDUWHVWHOLJDPHQWXOELIXUFDW
D. /LJDPHQWXOELIXUFDWHVWHDOFăWXLWGLQSRUĠLXQLFDOFDQHRQDYLFXODUăúL
FDOFDQHRFXQHLIRUPă
E. &HOHPDLSXWHUQLFHOLJDPHQWHVXQWSHIDĠDSODQWDUă
98. $UWLFXODĠLDFXQHRQDYLFXODUă
A. Este o artLFXODĠLHHOLSVRLGăIRUPDWăGLQRDVH
B. &DSVXODHLHVWHOLEHUăIL[DWăGHPDUJLQHDIHĠHORUDUWLFXODUH
C. (VWHIRUWLILFDWăGHWLSXULGHOLJDPHQWHFXQHRQDYLFXODUHSODQWDUHGRUVDOH
LQWHUFXQHLIRUPHLQWHURVRDVHLQWHUFXQHLIRUPHGRUVDOHúLSODQWDUH
D. Fisura aUWLFXODUăVHSUHOXQJHúWHvQWUHRDVHOHFXQHLIRUPH
E. ÌQXQHOHFD]XULFDYLWDWHDDUWLFXODUăFRPXQLFăFXFDYLWDWHDDUWLFXODĠLLORUWDUVRPHWDWDUVLHQH
99. $UWLFXODĠLLOHWDUVRPHWDWDUVLHQHúLLQWHUPHWDWDUVLHQH :
A. 6XQWDUWLFXODĠLLWDUVRPHWDWDUVLHQHFRPSXVHL]RODWe una de alta.
B. 6XQWFRQVROLGDWHSULQOLJDPHQWHOHWDUVRPHWDWDUVLHQHGRUVDOHSODQWDUHúLLQWHURVRDVH
C. /LJDPHQWXOWDUVRPHWDWDUVLDQLQWHURVRVODWHUDOUHSUH]LQWăFKHLDDUWLFXODĠLHL/LVIUDQF
D. $UWLFXODĠLLOHLQWHUPHWDWDUVLHQHVXQWSODQH
E. Orientarea tuturor ligameQWHORUGRUVDOHSODQWDUHúLLQWHURVRDVHHVWHWUDQVYHUVDOă
100. $UWLFXODĠLLOHPHWDWDUVRIDODQJLHQH:
A. )HĠHOHFDSHWHORURDVHORUPHWDWDUVLHQHVXQWVIHURLGHXúRUDSODWL]DWHWUDQVYHUVDO
B. &DSVXODDUWLFXODUăHVWHILQăúLIODVFă
C. Sunt fortificate de ligamentele coODWHUDOHPHGLDOHúLODWHUDOHSODQWDUHúLOLJDPHQWXO
transversal profund al metatarsului.
D. /LJDPHQWHOHFRODWHUDOHPHGLDOHVXQWPDLPDVVLYHúLPDLSXWHUQLFH
E. 0LúFăULOHGHH[WHQVLHVXQWPDLUHGXVHGHFkWvQDUWLFXODĠLLOHVLPLODUHDOHPkLQLL
101. $UWLFXODĠLLOHPHWDWDUVRIDODQJLHQHúLLQWHUIDODQJLHQH:
A. /LJDPHQWXOWUDQVYHUVDOSURIXQGDOPHWDWDUVXOXLXQHúWHFDSHWHOHWXWXURURDVHORU
metatarsiene.
B. $UWLFXODĠLLOHPHWDWDUVRIDODQJLHQHVXQWSOXULD[LDOH
C. 0LúFăULOHGHIOH[LHúLH[WHQVLHvQDUWLFXODĠLLOHPHWDWDUVRIDODQJiene sunt mai reduse decât
FHOHGHDEGXFĠLHúLDGGXFĠLH
D. $UWLFXODĠLLOHLQWHUIDODQJLHQHVXQWWURKOHDUHXQLD[LDOH
E. $UWLFXODĠLLOHLQWHUIDODQJLHQHVXQWFRQVROLGDWHGHOLJDPHQWHOHFRODWHUDOHúLGRUVDOH
$VRFLDĠLQRĠLXQLOHGLQFRORDQDQXPHULFăFXFHOHGLQFRORDQDDOIDEHWLFă
QRWDĠLúLDUJXPHQWDĠLUăVSXQVXULOHFRUHFWH
$UWVDFURLOLDFă A. 8QLD[LDOă
$UWúROGXOXL B. %LD[LDOă
104. Art.genunchiului C. 0XOWLD[LDOă
$UWWLELRILEXODUăSUR[LPDOă D. $PILDUWUR]ă
$UWWDORFUXUDOă E. 6LPSOă
$UWVXEWDODUă F. &RPSXVă
$UWFDOFDQHRFXERLGă G. &RPSOH[ă
$UWWDORQDYLFXODUă H. &RPELQDWă
110. Art.cuneonaviculare
111. Art.tarsometatarsiene
223
221
112. Art.intermetatarsiene
113. Art.metatarsofalangiene
114. Art.interfalangiene
115. Lig.deltoid A. $UWFR[RIHPXUDOă
116. Lig.transversal al acetabulului B. $UWVDFURLOLDFă
117. Ligg. colaterale C. Art.genunchiului
118. Lig. lateral D. $UWWLELRILEXODUă
119. Lig.cruciat E. 6LQGHVPR]ă
120. Lig.cuneometatarsian interosos medial WLELRILEXODUă
121. Lig.bifurcat F. Art. Lisfranc
122. Lig.sacrospinal G. Art. Chopart
123. Burelet fibrocartilaginos H. $UWWDORFUXUDOă
/LJJWLELRILEXODUHDQWúLSRVW
/DXUPăWRDUHOHvQWUHEăULUăVSXQGHĠLSULQ
A – GDFăFHOHGRXăDILUPDĠLLVXQWDGHYăUDWHúLvQWUHHOHH[LVWăRUHODĠLHFDX]ă-efect;
B – GDFăFHOHGRXăDILUPDĠLLVXQWDGHYăUDWHGDUvQWUHHOHQXH[LVWăRUHODĠLHFDX]ă-efect;
C – GDFăSULPDDILUPDĠLHHDGHYăUDWăLDUDGRXD– IDOVă
D – GDFăSULPDDILUPDĠLHHVWHIDOVăLDUDGRXD– DGHYăUDWă
E – GDFăDPEHOHDILUPDĠLLVXQWIDOVH
$UWLFXODĠLDWDORFUXUDOăHVWHUHODWLYLQVWDELOăvQWLPSXOIOH[LHLSODQWDUHGHRDUHFHWURKOHDSRVWHULRU
HVWHPDLvQJXVWă
2DVHOHFHQWXULLVFDSXODUHVHXQHVFSULQGLDUWUR]HúLVLQVDUFR]HLDURDVHOHFHQWXULLSHOYLHQH–
SULQDPILDUWUR]HVLPIL]HúLVLQRVWR]H
127. 2DVHOHDQWHEUDĠXOXLVHXQHVFSULQGLDUWUR]HFLOLQGULFHFHOHDOHJDPEHL– prin intermediul unei
singure amfiartroze.
2DVHOHSLFLRUXOXLIRUPHD]ăEROWDSODQWDUăvQFRQIRUPLWDWHFXDGDSWDUHDODPLúFDUHDELSHGă
129. La omul matur structurDED]LQXOXLSRVHGăSDUWLFXODULWăĠLGHVH[YăGLWHILLQGFăIXQFĠLLOH
ED]LQXOXLPDVFXOLQúLIHPLQLQGLIHUă
'LPHQVLXQLOHED]LQXOXLPLFODEăUEDWVXQWPDLPLFLILLQdFăRDVHOHPDVFXOLQHVXQWPDLJURDVH
GHQHUDOLWăĠL
6HOHFWDĠLúLQRWDĠLDILUPDĠLLOHFRUHFWHDUJXPHQWDĠL-le.
1. 0XúFKLLVFKHOHWLFL:
A. 5HSUH]LQWăFRPSRQHQWXODFWLYDODSDUDWXOXLORFRPRWRU
B. $XIXQFĠLH FRQWUDFWLOă
C. &RQVWLWXLHVXUVDSULQFLSDOăGHFăOGXUăvQRUJDQLVP
D. Constituie 55 - 60% din masa corpului.
E. $XUROvQFLUFXODĠLDVDQJYLQăúLOLPIDWLFă
2. 'LVSR]LWLYHDX[LOLDUHDOHPXúFKLORUVXQW
A. Retinaculele
B. Mezotendoanele
C. Plicele sinoviale
D. Venterele musculare
E. Tecile sinoviale
224
222
3. Fasciile:
A. 8QHVFSLHOHDFXPXúFKLL
B. $VLJXUăLQWHJUitatea morfofuncĠLRQDOăDPXúFKLORU
C. MăUHVF randamentul muscular
D. )RUPHD]ăWHFLSHQWUXIDVFLFXOHOHYDVFXORQHUYRDVH
E. 6HSDUăSHULRVWXOGHPXúFKL
4. ,PSRUWDQĠDIXQFĠLRQDOăDvQFUXFLúăULORUPXVFXODUHFRQVWăvQ
A. Mărirea randamentului muscular
B. AsigXUDUHDLQWHJULWDWLLPRUIRIXQFWLRQDOHDPXúFKLORUGLQGLIHULWH
segmente
C. Consolidarea flexorilor si extensorilor
D. (IHFWXDUHDPLúFăULORUILQHúLDUPRQLRDVH
E. Asigurarea PLúFărilRUGHURWDĠie
A. Retinaculele VXQWvQJURúăULILEURDVHDOHIDVFLLORUGHvQYHOLúVXEIRUPăGH
SDQJOLFă
B. RetinacuOHOHPHQĠLQWHQGRDQHOHaproape de oase.
C. 7HFLOHVLQRYLDOHIDYRUL]HD]ăDOXQHFDUHa tendoanelor în interiorul
canalelor osteofibroase.
D. 7HDFDVLQRYLDOăSUH]LQWăXQWXEFLOLQGULFIRUPDWGLQGRXăIRLĠH
E. Teci sinoviale DXWHQGRDQHOHWXWXURUPXúFKLORU
6. Bursele sinoviale :
$6HIRUPHD]ăODQLYHOXOWHQGRDQHORUúLPXúFKLORUvQORFXULle unde
DFHúWHDVunt expuúL presiunii.
B. Sunt subcutanate, subfasciaOHVXEWHQGLQRDVHúLVXEPXVFXODUH
&ÌQXQHOHFD]XULFRPXQLFăFXFDYLWDWHDDUWLFXODUă
'/DFRSLLúLEăWUkQLOLSVHVF
(ÌQWRWGHDXQDFRPXQLFăFXFDYLWDWHDDUWLFXODĠLHLDSURSLDWH
7. 3URSULHWăĠLOHIL]LFHDOHPXúFKLlor scheletici:
A. Elasticitatea
B. Extensibilitatea
C. Conductibilitatea
D. Contractilitatea
E. Tonicitatea
0XúFKLLWUXQFKLXOXL
,6HOHFWDĠLúLQRWDĠLDILUPDĠLLOHFRUHFWHDUJXPHQWDĠL-le.
8. 0XúFKLLWRUDFHOXL
A. 6HGLVWLQJPXúFKLGHULYDĠLGLQSULPRUGLXOPHPEUXOXLVXSHULRUúLPXúFKLDXWRhtoni.
B. Diafragma derivă GLQSRUĠLXQLOHYentrale ale miotomilor cervicali.
C. 0XúFKLLproprii ai WRUDFHOXLúLai membrelor superioare FXLQVHUĠLHSHWRUDFHVXQW
respiratori.
D. 0XúFKLLDXWRKWRQLUHDOL]HD]ăPLúFDUHDGHLQVSLUDĠLH
E. Contribuie la PHQĠLQHUea SR]LĠLHL verticale a corpului.
225
223
9. 0XúFKLXOSHFWRUDOPDUH:
A. Constă GLQSRUĠLXQLFODYLFXODUăVWHUQDOăúLFRVWDOă
B. 3RUĠLXQLOHOXLFRQYHUJVSUHXQWHQGRQFRPXQ
C. Se iQVHUăSHWXEHUFXOXOPDUHDl humerusului.
D. Marginea OXLVXSHURODWHUDOăvPSUHXQăFXGHOWoidul delimiteD]ăIRVD0RKUHQKHLP
E. AvkQGSXQFWIL[SHWRUDFHDGGXFHúLURWHúWHEUDĠXOvQDIDUă
10. 0XúFKLXOSHFWRUDOPLF:
A. 3RUQHúWHGHODFDUWLODMHOHFRDVWHORU,,,-V.
B. Se iQVHUăSHDSRIL]DFRUDFRLGăDVFDSXOHL
C. Marginea lui VXSHURPHGLDOăVHFRQWLQXăFXPVXEFODYLFXODU
D. &kQGSXQFWXOIL[HVWHSHWRUDFHWUDJHXPăUXOvQVXVúLvQDLQWH
E. ÌQWUHWHQGRQXOOXLúLDSRIL]a FRUDFRLGăVHDIOăREXUVăVLQRYLDOă
11. 0XúFKLXOGLQĠDWDQWHULRU :
A. Este tetragonal.
B. 6HvQWLQGHGHODSULPHOHFRDVWHSkQăODPDUJLQHDPHGLDOăDVFDSXOHL
C. FaĠDVXSHUILFLDOăDSRUĠLXQLLLQIHULRDUHIRUPHD]ăSHUHWHOHPHGLDODOD[LOHL
D. ÌQIXQFĠLHGHSXQFWXOIL[WUDJHVFDSXODODWHUDOúLvQDLQWHVDXSDUWLFLSăODUHVSLUDĠLH
E. (VWHXQPXúFKLLQVSLUDWRU
12. 0XúFKLLSURSULLDLWRUDFHOXL:
A. 0DMRULWDWHDSDUWLFLSăvQDFWXOGHH[SLUDĠLH
B. 0XúFKLLLQWHUFRVWDOLH[WHUQLRFXSăVSDĠLXOLQWHUFRVWDOGHODWXEHUFXOXOFRDVWHORUSkQăOD
stern.
C. 0XúFKLLLQWHUFRVWDOLLQWHUQLVHDIOăvQVSDĠLXOLQWHUFRVWDOGHODVWHUQúLSRUĠLXQLOHRVRDVH
ale coastelor falsHSkQăODXQJKLXULOHFRDVWHORU
D. 0XúFKLLVXEFRVWDOLSRUQHVFGLQDSURSLHUHDXQJKLXULORUFRVWDOe úLVHLQVHUăSHIDĠDLQWHUQă
a coastelor supraiacente.
E. 0XúFKLXOWUDQVYHUVDODOWRUDFHOXLVHDIOăSHIDĠDLQWHUQăDSHUHWHOXLSRVWHULRUDOFXWLHL
toracice.
13. Diafragmul :
A. )DĠDVXSHULRDUă conve[ăIRUPHD]ăED]DFDYLWăĠLLWRUDFLFHLDUFHDLQIHULRDUăFRQFDYă
IRUPHD]ăSODIRQXOFDYLWăĠLLDEGRPLQDOH
B. &XSRODGLDIUDJPHLSUH]LQWăRGHSUHVLXQHFHQWUDOăFRUeVSXQ]ăWRDUHLQLPLL
C. ÌQGUHDSWDVHULGLFăSkQăODFRDVWD9LDUvQVWkQJD– SkQăODD,9-a.
D. 3RUĠLXQHDPXVFXODUăRFXSăSR]LĠLe SHULIHULFă
E. 3R]LĠLDsa se VFKLPEăvQIXQFĠLHGHVH[YkUVWăSR]LĠLDFRUSXOXLúLPLúFăULOH respiratorii.
F.
14. Diafragmul este constituit din SRUĠLXQLOH
A. AEGRPLQDOă
B. CRVWDOă
C. TRUDFLFă
D. SWHUQDOă
E. LRPEDUă
224 225
16. )XQFĠLLOHGLDIUDJPXOXL :
A. 'HUHVSLUDĠLH
B. Contribuie ODFLUFXODĠLDVDQJYLQăúLOLPIDWLFă
C. Participă la actul de GHJOXWLĠLH
D. Contribuie la motorica organelor abdominale.
E. Contribuie la vorbire.
17. 0XúFKLDXWRKWRQLDLWRUDFHOXLVXQW
$0GLQĠDWSRVWHULRULQIHULRU
B. Mm. intercostali interni si externi
C. M. supraspinos
D. M. subcostali
E. M. transvers al toracelui
18. Fasciile toracelui:
A. )DVFLDWRUDFLFăVXSHUILFLDOăHVWHELQHGH]YROWDWăúLWULPLWHVHSWXUi în interiorul glandei
mamare.
B. )RLĠHOHIDVFLHLSHFWRUDOHFXSULQGPSHFWRUDOPDUH
C. 3RUĠLXQHDVXSHULRDUăPDLJURDVăDIRLĠHLSURIXQGHDIDVFLHLSHFWRrale constituie fascia
FODYLSHFWRUDOă
D. )DVFLDSHFWRUDOăIRUPHD]ăOLJDPHQWHOHVXVSHQVRDUHDOHJODQGHLPDPDUH
E. &RDVWHOHúLPXúFKLLLQWHUFRVWDOLVXQWWDSHWDĠLGLQH[WHULRUFXIDVFLDWRUDFLFăSURSULHGLQ
interior – FXIDVFLDHQGRWRUDFLFă
19. 0XúFKLLVSDWHOXi :
A. 2FXSăWRDWăVXSUDIDĠDGRUVDOăDWUXQFKLXOXLGHODUHJLXQHDVDFUDOăúLFUHVWHOHLOLDFHSkQăOD
baza craniului.
B. 0XúFKLLVXSHUILFLDOLaXLQVHUĠLDSHVFKHOHWXOPHPEUXOXLVXSHULRUúLSHFRDVWH
C. 0XúFKLLVXSHUILFLDOLVXQWDXWRKWRQL
D. 0XúFKLLSURIXQ]LIRUPHD]ăGRXăVWUDWXUL
E. 0XúFKLLSURIXQ]LVHvPSDUWvQDXWRKWRQLúLGHRULJLQHYHQWUDOă
20. 2ULJLQHDPXúFKLXOXLWUDSH]:
A. /LQLDQXFDOăLQIHULRDUă
B. &UHDVWDRFFLSLWDOăH[WHUQă
C. Ligamentul nucal.
D. Apofizele spinoase ale vertebrelor C7-T12.
E. Ligamentul supraspinos din segmentul toracic al coloanei vertebrale.
226 225
23. 2ULJLQHDPXúFKLXOXLmare dorsal :
A. )DĠDH[WHUQăDFHORU-4 coaste inferioare.
B. Apofizele spinoase ale ultimelor 2 vertebre toracice.
C. Apofizele spinoase ale vertebrelor lombare.
D. &UHDVWDVDFUDOăODWHUDOă
E. %X]DLQWHUQăDFUHVWHLLOLDFH
24. AFĠLXQHDPXúFKLXOXLGRUVDOPDUHVHUH]XPăOD
$$GGXFĠLDEUDĠXOXL
%)OH[LDEUDĠXOXL
&6XSLQDĠLDEUDĠXOXL
'5RWLUHDEUDĠXOXLVSUHLQIHULRU
(([WHQVLDLQDUWLFXODĠLDXPăUXOXL
25. 0XúFKLXOULGLFăWRUDOVFDSXOHL:
A. Are formă WULXQJKLXODUă
B. 3RUQHúWHGHODapofizele transversale ale ultimelor 4-5 vertebre cervicale.
C. (VWHDQWDJRQLVWXOSRUĠLXQLLVXSHULRDUHDPWUDSH]
D. Se iQVHUăSHPDUJLQHDPHGLDOăDVFDSXOHL
E. Când punctul fix e pe scapulă vQFOLQăFRORDQDYHUWHEUDOăspre partea sa.
26. 0XúFKLXOHUHFWRUVSLnae :
A. 5HSUH]LQWăXQFRPSOH[PXVFXODUORFDOL]DWvQúDQĠXOFRVWRYHUWHEUDO
B. /HDJăED]LQXOGHWRUDFHúLFRORDQDYHUWHEUDOăSRUĠLXQLOHFRORDQHLYHUWHEUDOHvQWUHHOHúL
FUDQLXOGHFRORDQDYHUWHEUDOă
C. 0XúFKLLlui FRPSRQHQĠLVHFRQWRSHVFvQSDUWHDVXSHULRDUăvQWU-RPDVăFRPXQă
D. 5HSUH]LQWăPXVFXODWXUDDXWRKWRQăDFRORDQHLYHUWHEUDOH
E. $VLJXUăPHQĠLQHUHDSR]LĠLHLYHUWLFDOHDFRUSXOXL
27. )XQFĠLLOHPXúFKLORUVSDWHOXL:
$0PURPERL]LULGLFăDGGXFúLURWHVFVFDSXOD
%0GLQĠDWSRVWHULRUHVWHH[SLUDWRU
C. În coQWUDFĠLHVLPXOWDQăPXúFKLLGLQĠDĠLSRVWHULRULGHYLQLQVSLUDWRUL
'0VSOHQLXVDOFDSXOXLvQFRQWUDFĠLHXQLODWHUDOăSURYRDFă URWDĠLDKHWHURODWHUDOăD
capului.
(0OXQJGRUVDOUHDOL]HD]ăH[WHQVLDFRORDQHLYHUWHEUDOHúLvQFOLQDUHDHLODWHUDOă
28. Fasciile spatelui:
A. Sunt 3QXFDOăWRUDFRORPEDUăúLLQWHUPHGLDUăDGLQĠDĠLORU
B. )DVFLDWRUDFRORPEDUăHVWHVLWXDWăvQUHJLXQHDORPEDUăúLWRUDFLFăLQIHULRDUă
C. $SRQHXUR]DLQWHUPHGLDUăDGLQĠDĠLORUVHvQVHUăPHGLDOSHDSRIL]HOHWUDQVYHUVDOHDOH
vertebrelor, lateral – pe coaste.
D. )DVFLDQXFDOăHVWHIDVFLDPVSOHQLX
E. )DVFLDQXFDOăVHFRQWLQXăODWHUDOFXIDVFLDVXSHUILFLDOăDJâtului.
29. Fascia WRUDFRORPEDUă:
A. $FRSHUăPXúFKLLVXSHUILFLDOLDLVSDWHOXL
B. La diferite niveluri HVWHGH]YROWDWăXQLIRUP
C. (VWHUHSUH]HQWDWăGH GRXăIRLĠHFDUHIRUPHD]ăWHDFă pentru m.erector spinae.
D. 3HPDUJLQHDODWHUDOăDPEHOHIRLĠHGHYLQFRDOHVFHQWH
E. )RLĠDSURIXQGăVHSDUăPHUHFWRUVSLQDHGH m.patrat lombar.
226 227
30. 0XúFKLLDEGRPHQXOXL:
A. 3HUHWHOHDQWHURODWHUDOHVWHIRUPDWGLQPXúFKLDXWRKWRQL
B. FiecDUHPXúFKLODWDUHSRUĠLXQHPXVFXODUăúLDSRQHXUR]ă
C. 3DUWLFLSăla LQVSLUDĠLH
D. Contribuie la fixarea organelor interne.
E. $XDFĠLXQHDVXSUDFRORDQHLYHUWHEUDOH
31. 0XúFKLXOREOLFH[WHUQDODEGRPHQXOXL:
A. 3RUQHúWHGHSHIDĠDH[WHUQăDXOWLPLORU-8 coaste.
B. Fasciculele OXLSRVWHULRDUHDXSR]LĠLH DSURDSHYHUWLFDOăúLVHiQVHUăSHEX]DLQWHUQăD
crestei iliace.
C. 'LQĠLLOXLVHLQWHUFDOHD]ăFXGLQĠLLPGLQĠDWDQWHULRUúLDi m. mare dorsal.
D. /LJDPHQWXOLQJKLQDOVHUDFRUGHD]ăvQWUHVSLQDLOLDFăLQIHULRDUăúLWXEHUFXOXl pubian.
E. /DQLYHOXOLQVHUĠLHLSHRVul pubian aponeuroza lui IRUPHD]ăGRLSHGXQFXOLVXSHULRUúL
inferior.
32. 0XúFKLXOREOLFLQWHUQDODEGRPHQXOXL:
A. 'LIHUăGHFHOH[WHUQSULQVLWXDĠLHGLPHQVLXQLúLGLUHFĠLDfasciculelor.
B. Ìúi ia originea de la coastele iQIHULRDUHIDVFLDWRUDFRORPEDUăFUHDVWDLOLRQXOXLVSLQD
LOLDFăDQWHURVXSHULRDUăúLSRUĠLXQHDODWHUDOăDOLJDPHQWXOXLLQJKLQDO
C. Fasciculele SRVWHURVXSHULRDUHWUHFGHMRVvQVXVúLVHiQVHUăSHFDUWLODMHOHFRDVWHORU
inferioare.
D. Aponeuroza lui se împarte în GRXăIRLĠHFHFXSULQGPGUHSWDEGRPLQDOSHWRDWăvQWLQGHUHD
lui.
E. )DVFLFXOHOHLQIHULRDUHvPSUHXQăFXFHOHGHYLDWHGHODPREOLFH[WHUQIRUPHD]ăPOHYDWRU
al testiculului.
34. 0XúFKLXOGUHSWDEGRPLQal:
A. ÌúLLDRULJLQHa GHSHFUHDVWDSXELDQăúLGHSHVLPIL]DSXELDQă
B. Se iQVHUăSHIDĠDLQWHUQăD[LIRLGXOXLúLIHĠHOHLQWHUQHDOHFDUWLODMHORUFRVWDOH9-VII.
C. &HLGRLGUHSĠLDEGRPLQDOLVXQWVHSDUDĠLSULQWU-XQUDIHXWHQGLQRVQXPLWOLQLDVHPLOXQDUă
D. Este cuprins în teaca m.drept abdominal.
E. )DĠDOXLSRVWHULRDUăDGHUăLQWLPODWHDFă.
35. 7HDFDPXúFKLXOXLUHFWDEGRPLQDOHVWHIRUPDWăGLQ
A. M. oblic abdominal intern
%/LQLDDOEă
&/DPHOHOHDSRQHXUR]HLPXúFKLXOXLREOLFDEGRPLQDOLQWHUQ
D. Aponeuroza m. oblic abdominal extern
($SRQHXUR]DPXúFKLXOXLWUDQVYHUVDEGRPLQDO
228 227
36. Canalul inghinal:
A. 3HUHWHOHLQIHULRUUHSUH]LQWăPDUJLQHDLQIHULRDUăDDSRQHXUR]HLPREOLFLQWHUQ
B. Peretele posterior, format de fascia transversă HVWHvQWăULWGHOLJ,QWHUIRYHRODU
Hesselbach, lig. rHIOH[OLJ+HQOHúLWHQGRQXOFRQMXQFW
C. 7HQGRQXOFRQMXQFWVHORFDOL]HD]ăvQSDUWHDODWHUDOăDSHUHWHOXLVXSHULRUDOFDQDOXOXL
inghinal.
D. Inelul inghinal superficial este delimitat de stâlpii aponeurozei oblicului extern, fibrele
LQWHUFUXUDOHúLOLJUeflex.
E. &DQDOXOLQJKLQDOODIHPHLHVWHPDLVFXUWúLPDLODUJ
37. Inelele inghinale:
A. Localizarea inelului profund corespunde fosei inghinale mediale.
B. La femei sunt mai largi.
C. La nivelul inelului profund are loc trecerea fasciei transversale în fascia spermDWLFă
LQWHUQă
D. /DEăUEDĠLODQLYHOXOLQHOXOXLVXSHUILFLDOGHVHRULVHDIOăREXOăJUăVRDVă
E. Posterior, inelul superficial este format din fibrele ligamentului reflex, provenite din
DSRQHXUR]DREOLFXOXLH[WHUQGLQSDUWHDRSXVă
,,$VRFLDĠLQRĠLXQLOHGLQFRORDQDQXPHULFăFXFHOHGLQFRORDQDDOIDEHWLFă
QRWDĠLúLDUJXPHQWDĠLUăVSXQVXULOHFRUHFWH
228 229
0XúFKLLPHPEUXOXLVXSHULRU
I. 6HOHFWDĠLúLQRWDĠLDILUPDĠLLOHFRUHFWHDUJXPHQWDĠLUăVSXQVXULOH
50. *UXSXOPXúFKLORUFHQWXULLVFDSXODUHLQFOXGH
A. M. levator al scapulei
B. M. supraspinos
C. M. deltoid
D. M. pectoral mic
E. M. subscapular
54. 3HUHWHOHPHGLDODOFDYLWăĠLLD[LODUHHVWHIRUPDWGH
$0GLQĠDWPHGLDO
%0GLQĠDWSRVWHULRULQIHULRU
&0GLQĠDWDQWHULRU
D. M. romboid mare
(0GLQĠDWSRVWHULRUVXSHULRU
55. 3HUHWHOHDQWHULRUDOFDYLWDĠLLD[LODUHHVWHFRQVWLWXLWGLQ
A.M. deltoid
B.M. pectoral mare
C.M. pectoral anterior
D.M. pectoral mic
E.M. biceps brahial
230
229
57. Orificiul trilater este delimitat de :
A. Tendonul capului lung al muúchiului biceps brahial
B. Tendonul capulXLOXQJDOPXúchiului triceps brahial
C. M. rotund mare
D. M. infraspinos
E.M. subscapular
58. Orificiul patrulater este delimitat de :
A.Tendonul capului lung al m. biceps brahial
B. Humerus
C.M. infraspinos
D.M. subscapular
E.M. rotund mare
59. Pe perHWHOHDQWHULRUDOFDYLWDĠLLD[LODUHVHGLVWLQJ
A. Trigonul omoclavicular
B. Trigonul clavipectoral
C. Trigonul deltoideopectoral
D. Trigonul suprapectoral
E. Trigonul subpectoral
60. )XQFĠLLOHPXúFKLORUDQWHULRULDLEUDĠXOXLVHUH]XPăOD
A. Extensia în DUWLFXODĠLDXPăUXOXL
%)OH[LDvQDUWLFXODĠLDFRWXOXL
&$EGXFĠLDvQDUWLFXODĠLDXPăUXOXL
')OH[LDDQWHULRDUăDEUDĠXOXL
(5RWLUHDEUDĠXOXL
61. 0XúFKLLJUXSXOXLSRVWHULRUDOEUDĠXOXLHIHFWXHD]ă
$$GGXFĠLDEUDĠXOXL
%([WHQVLDvQDUWLFXODĠLDXPăUXOXL
C.$QWHIOH[LDEUDĠXOXL
'([WHQVLDvQDUWLFXODĠLDFRWXOXL
()OH[LDvQDUWLFXODĠLDFRWXOXL
62. )RVDFXELWDOăHVWHGHOLPLWDWăGH
A.M. coracobrahial
B.M. brahial
C.M. brahioradial
D.M. supinator
E.M. pronator patrat
63. ùDQĠXOFXELWDODQWHULRUODWHUDOHVWHGHlimitat de :
A. M. biceps brahial
B.M. brahial
C.M. triceps brahial
D.M. brahioradial
E.M. pronator rotund
64. ùDQĠul cubital anterior medial este delimitat de :
A.M. coracobrahial
B.M. brahial
C.M. supinator
D.M. brahioradial
E.M. pronator rotund
230 231
65. ùaQĠXOUDGLDOHVWHGHOLPLWDWGH
A.M. flexor superficial al degetelor
B.M. flexor ulnar al carpului
C.M. flexor radial al carpului
D.M. palmar lung
E.M. brahioradial
66. ùDQĠXOPHGLDQHVWHGHOLPLWDWGH
A.M. flexor profund al degetelor
B.M. palmar lung
C.M. flexor radial al carpului
D.M. flexor ulnar al carpului
E.M. flexor superficial al degetelor
67. ùDQĠXOXOQDUHVWHGHOLPLWDWGH
A.M. flexor lung al policelui
B.M. flexor profund al policelui
C.M. flexor ulnar al carpului
D.M. pronator patrat
E.M. flexor superficial al degetelor
68. Sub retinaculul extensoriloULQUHJLXQHDFDUSLDQăVHDIOă
A. Canale pentru nervi
B. SpaĠii pentru artere
C. Teci sinoviale pentru tendoanele muúchilor lungi ai antebratului
D. Burse sinoviale
E. Teci fibroase pentru vaVHOLPIDWLFHúLYHQH
70. 0XúFKLLHPLQHQĠHLKLSRWHQDUH:
A. 6XQWvQQXPăUGHSDWUX
B. M.palmar scurt este inconstant.
C. Cel mai superficial este opozantul degetului mic.
D. CXH[FHSĠLDSDOPDUului VFXUWvúLLDXRULJLQHa de pe retinaculul flexorilor, osul
SL]LIRUPúLRVXOFXFkUOLJ
E. 7RĠLPXúFKLLKLSRWHQDULVHiQVHUăSHIDODQJDSUR[LPDOăDGHJHWXOXLPLF
232 231
72. )DVFLLOHúLDSRQHXUR]HOHPkinii:
A. )DVFLDGRUVDOăHVWHFXPXOWPDLVXEĠLUHGHFâWFHDSDOPDUă
B. 6SDĠLXOGLQWUHHPLQHQĠHle WHQDUăúLKLSRWHQDUăHVWHRFXSDWGHDSRQHXUR]DSDOPDUă
C. $SRQHXUR]DSDOPDUăHVWHIRUPDWăGLQILEUHORQJLWXGLQDOHúLWUDQVYHUVDOH
D. /DED]DRDVHORUPHWDFDUSLHQHILEUHOHWUDQVYHUVDOHDOHDSRQHXUR]HLSDOPDUHIRUPHD]ă
lig.metacarpian superficial.
E. 'HODSRUĠLXQLOHPHGLDOăúLODWHUDOăDOHIDVFLHLSDOPDUHSRUQHVFfascicule care se
iQVHUăSHIDVFLDPXúFKLORULQWHURVRúL
73. Retinaculele membrului superior :
A. Retinaculul flexorilor VHH[WLQGHGHODRDVHOHSL]LIRUPúLcel FXFkUOLJSkQăODVFDIRLG
úLWUDSH]RLG
B. Retinaculul flexorilor WUDQVIRUPăúDQĠXOFDUSDOvQFDQDOXOFDUSDO
C. Prin canalul carpal trec 2 teci sinoviale.
D. Fasciculele retinaculului flexorilor VHGHGXEOHD]ăODWHUDOúLPHGLDOIRUPkQGFDQDOHOH
UDGLDOúLXOQDU ale carpului.
E. 6SDĠLXOVXEUHWLQDFXOXOH[WHQVRUilor este divizat în 4 canale.
74. Canalul caUSDOFRQĠLQHWHFLVLQRYLDOHSHQWUX
A. Tendonul m. flexor ulnar al carpului
B. THQGRDQHOHIOH[RULORUVXSHUILFLDOúLSURIXQGDi degetelor
C. Tendonul m. flexor radial al carpului
D. Tendonul m. flexor lung al policelui
E. Tendonul abductorului lung al policelui
75. 7RSRJUDILDEUDĠXOXL :
A. &DQDOXOQHUYXOXLUDGLDOVHDIOăvQWUHKXPHUXVúLELFHSVXOEUDKLDO
B. Orificiul de iQWUDUHDOFDQDOXOXLUDGLDOVHORFDOL]HD]ăGLQSDUWHDPHGLDOăDEUDĠXOXL
între treimile lui superLRDUăúLPHGLH
C. Limitele orificiului de intrare în canalul radial sunt formate de humerus, capul medial
úLFHOODWHUDODOWULFHSVXOXLEUDKLDO
D. Prin canalul nervului UDGLDOWUHFQHUYXOUDGLDODUWHUDúLYHQDRPRQLPH
E. ùDQĠXULOHELFLSLWDOHVHSDUăUHJLXQHDDQWHULRDUăDEUDĠXOXLGHFHDSRVWHULRDUă
$VRFLDĠLQRĠLXQLOHGLQFRORDQDQXPHULFăFXFHOHGLQFRORDQDDOIDEHWLFă
QRWDĠLúLDUJXPHQWDĠLUăVSXQVXULOHFRUHFWH
76. M.deltoid 0HQĠLQe capul humeral în
77. M.subscapular cavitatea gleQRLGă
78. M.supaspinos RotHúWH EUDĠXOvQăXQWUX
79. M.rotund mare Abduce EUDĠXO
80. M.rotund mic RotHúWH EUDĠXOvQDIDUă
81. M.infraspinos
82. M.deltoid
83. M. coracobrahial $GHUăODFDSVXODDUWLFXODUăD
84. M.subscapular XPăUXOXL
85. M.brahial $GHUăODFDSVXODDUWLFXODUăD
86. M.biceps brahial cotului.
87. M.supaspinos Nu DGHUăODFDSVXOHOHDUWLFXODUH
88. M.rotund mare
89. M.triceps brahial
90. M.rotund mic
91. M.infraspinos
232 233
0XúFKLL membrului inferior
,6HOHFWDĠLúLQRWDĠLDILUPDĠLLOHFRUHFWHDUJXPHQWDĠLUăVSXQVXrile.
92. 0XúFKLLED]LQXOXL:
A. 6XQWIOH[RULH[WHQVRULURWDWRULDEGXFWRULúLDGGXFWRULDLcoapsei.
B. )RUPHD]ăvQMXUXODUWLFXODĠLHLFR[RIHPXUDOHFHDPDLSXWHUQLFăDJORPHUDUH
PXVFXODUăDFRUSXOXL
C. Sunt biarticulari.
D. 6HFODVLILFăvQPHGLDOLúLODWHrali.
E. Se iQVHUăSHHSLIL]DSUR[LPDOăDIHPXUXOXL
93. Fasciile bazinului:
0SVRDVHVWHDFRSHULWGHIDVFLDORPEDUă
B. )DVFLDLOLDFăUHSUH]LQWăFRQWLQXDUHDIDVFLHLORPEDUH
C. 3RUĠLXQHDODWHUDOăDIDVFLHLODWHVHvQGHSăUWHD]ăGHOLJLQJKLQDOIRUPând arcul
iliopectineu.
D. )DVFLDJOXWHDOăVHSDUăPPJOXWHLGHDOĠLPXúFKLH[WHUQLDi bazinului.
E. 'LVWDOIDVFLDJOXWHDOăse FRQWLQXăvQIDVFLDODWăDFRDSVHL
94. Prin orificiul sciatic mare trece :
A.M. obturator intern
B.M. obturator extern
C.M. gluteu mic
D.M. piriform
E.M. iliopsoas
95. Prin orificiul sciatic mic trece :
A.M. piriform
B.M. obturator intern
C.M. obturator extern
D.Mm. gemeni
E. M. psoas mic
96. Canalul obturator este delimitat de:
M.obturator extern
B. M.pectineu
C. Orificiul obturator
D. ùDQWXOREWXUDWRU
E. M.obturator intern
98 0XúFKLLDQWHULRULDi coapsei:
A. Sunt uniartuculari
B. )OHFWHD]ăFRDSVDúLJDPED
C. Sunt cei mai lungi din corpul omului
D. )RUPHD]ăun tendon comun.
E. M.cvadriceps se iQVHUăSHURWXOă.
234 233
99 0XúFKLLSRVWHULRULDi coapsei:
A. Sunt extensori ai coapsei.
B. )OHFWHD]ăJDPED
C. Au origine pe osul iliac.
D. 0ELFHSVDOIHPXUXOXLúLPVHPLWHQGLQRV VXQWURWDWRULVLQHUJLúWLDi gambei.
E. 7RĠLSDUWLFLSăla formarea pes anserinus profundus.
100 0XúFKLLPHGLDOLDi coapsei:
A. 7RĠLVXQWDGGXFWRULDi coapsei.
B. 7RĠLVHiQVHUăSHOLQLDDVSHUDIHPRULV
C. ÌúLLDXRULJLQHa de pe osul pubis.
D. 0JUDĠLRVSDUWLFLSăla formarea pes anserinus superficialis.
E. 0SHFWLQHXSDUWLFLSăODIOH[LDúLDEGXFHUHDFRDSVHL
101 )DVFLDODWă:
A. 3RUĠLXQHDHLSRVWHULRDUăare un caracter tendinos.
B. ÌQSRUĠLXQHDDQWHURVXSHULRDUăVHvPSDUWHvQGRXăIRLĠH
C. /DPHODSURIXQGăHVWHSHUIRUDWăGHKLDWXOVDfen.
D. )RUPHD]ăWHFLSHQWUXFYDGULFHSVúLDGGXFWRUXOPDUH
E. 3RUĠLXQHDei ODWHUDOăVHQXPHúWHWUDFWLOLRWLELDO
102 Canalul adductor este delimitat de :
A.M. adductor mic
B.M. adductor mare
C.M. adductor lung
D.M. vast medial
E.M. vast lateral
234 235
107 LacunDYDVFXODUăHVWHGHOLPLWDWăGe :
A. Vena femurală
B. M. psoas mare
C. Lig. inghinal
D. Lig. pectineal
E. Arcul iliopectineu
108 Inelul femural este delimitat de :
A. Arcul iliopectineu
B. Lig. inghinal
C. Artera femurală
D. Lig. lacunar
E. Lig. pectineal
109 Canalul femural are:
A. 2 pereĠi
%SHUHĠi
&SHUHĠi
D. 2 inele
E. 1 sept
110 FoVDSRSOLWHHHVWHGHOLPLWDWăGH
A. M. plantar
B. M. gastrocnemian
C. M. biceps al coapsei
D. M. soleu
E. M. semimembranos
111 0XúFKLLJDPEHL:
A. 6XQWJUXSDĠLVLPHWULFvQMXUXORDVHORU
B. 6XQWVLWXDĠi în 3 loje separate.
C. 0DMRULWDWHDWHQGRDQHORUORUvúLVFKLPEăGLUHFĠLD
D. 0XúFKLLJUXSXOXLDQWHULRUVXQWH[WHQVRUL ai gambei.
E. În majoritatea lor sunt multiarticulari.
112 3HURQLHUXODOWUHLOHDUHSUH]LQWăRSRUĠLXQHDPXúFKLXOXL
A. Tibial anterior
B. Peronier lung
C. Tibial posterior
D. Peronier scurt
E. Extensor lung al degetelor
113 &RPSRQHQWHOHODQĠXOXLDQWLJUDYLWDĠLRQDO:
A. M.iliac
B. M.gluteu mare
C. M.popliteu
D. M.triceps sural
E. M.cvadriceps al coapsei
114 Fascia gambei:
A. &RQFUHúWHFXFUHDVWDDQWHULRDUăúLIDĠDPHGLDOăDWLELHi.
B. Trimite 2 septe intermusculare: medial úLODWHUDO
C. )RUPHD]ăUHWLQDFXOHDOIOH[RULORUúLDOH[WHQVRULORU
D. /DPHODHLSURIXQGăVHSDUăPJDVWURFQHPLDQGHFHOVROHar.
E. 6SDĠLXOdintre tendonul lui $KLOHúLODPHODSURIXQGăDIDVFLHLFRQĠLQHĠHVXW celuloadipos.
236 235
115 Retinaculele, formate de fascia crurală
A. Retinaculul extensorilor úLFHOal flexorilor au câWHGRXăSRUĠLXQLVXSHULRDUăúLLQIHULRDUă
B. Sub retinaculul flexorilor VHIRUPHD]ăGRXăcanale osteofibroase.
C. 9DVHOHWLELDOHSRVWHULRDUHúLQHUYXOWLELDOWrec printr-o WHDFă VHSDUDWă
D. 3RVWHULRUGHPDOHRODODWHUDOăVHIRUPHD]ăGRXăUHWLQDFXOHSHURQLHUH
E. Sub retinaculul inferior aOH[WHQVRULORUVHDIOăFDQDOHRVWHRILEURDVH
,,$VRFLDĠLQRĠLXQLOHGLQFRORDQDQXPHULFăFXFHOHGLQFRORDQDDOIDEHWLFă
QRWDĠLúLDUJXPHQWDĠLUăVSXQVXULOHFRUHFWH
236 237
)RUPDĠLXQLWRSRJUDILFe : Localizarea :
136. Canalul Pirogov A. &RDSVă
137. Canalul femural B. *DPEă
138. Canalul cruropopliteu C. Picior
139. Hiatul safen
140. Canalul adductor
141. Triunghiul Scarpa
0XúFKLLFDSXOXLúLJkWXOXL
,6HOHFWDĠLúLQRWDĠLDILUPDĠLLOHFRUHFWHDUJXPHQWDĠLUăVSXQVXULOH
142. &ODVLILFDUHDPXúFKLORUFDSXOXL:
A. 0XúFKLLSHQDĠi
%0XúFKLLPLPLFL
&0XúFKLLELYHQWHUL
'0XúFKLLPDVWLFDWRUL
(0XúFKLLDQWDJRQLúWL
143. ,QVHUĠLDPXúFKLORUPLPLFL:
A. ÌQIDVFLDVXSHUILFLDOă
B. În aponeuroze
C. În piele
D. Pe ligamente
(3HWHQGRDQHOHPXúFKLORUPDVWLFDWRUL
144. ,QVHUĠLDPXúFKLORUPDVWLFDWRUL:
$3HPD[LOă
B. Pe osul occipital
&3HPDQGLEXOă
D. Pe osul hioid
E. Pe osul temporal
145. 0XúFKLLFDSXOXLDFRSHULĠLGH fascii:
A. M.temporal
B. M.mental
C. M.buccinator
D. M.pterigoid lateral
E. M.maseter
146. &ODVLILFDUHDPXúFKLORUJkWXOXL:
A. Muúchi anteriori
%0Xúchii superficiali
C. MXúchi scurĠi
'0Xúchi profunzi
(0Xúchi fusiformi
238 237
148. Triunghiul medial al gâtului include triunghiurile :
A. Clavipectoral
B. Submandibular
C. Carotid
D. Omoclavicular
E. Omotraheal
149. *UXSXOPXúFKLORUSURIunzi ai gâtului include :
A. Muschii infrahioidieni
%0XVFKLLOXQJLDOFDSXOXLúLDOJkWXOXL
C. Muschii scaleni
D. Muschiul digastric
E. Muschii drepĠi anterior si lateral
238 239
Bibliografia UHFRPDQGDWă
6XUVHGHED]ă
1. &DWHUHQLXF , ùWHIDQHĠ 0 *ORED / /XSDúFX 7 %DWkU ' 7LWRY 7 %ROGXPD '
&XOHJHUHGHVFKHPHODDQDWRPLDRPXOXL&KLúLQăX
2. /XSDúFX 7 1RĠLXQL GH DQDWRPLH SH YLX SHQWUX OXFUăULOH GH ODERUDWRU OD DQDWRPLD
aparatului locomotor (manuscris).
3. Papilian V. Anatomia omului, v. I, Aparatul locomotor%XFXUHúWL
4. Sapin M. R. Anatomia omuluiY,&KLúLQăX
5. Sinelnicov R. D., Sinelnicov Ia. R. Atlas de anatomia omului, v. I (oricare ed.)
6. ùWHIDQHĠ0. Anatomia omuluiY,&KLúLQăX
7. Materialele prelegerilor (conspect).
Surse suplimentare
240 239
CUPRINS
240