INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER

3 COMPONENTS OF COMPUTER
COMPUTER
An electronic device that helps people perform 1. HARDWARE
different tasks.
refer to all machinery and equipment in
a computer system.
a programmable, multiuse machine that process or
accept data into information.
devices in the computer that can be seen and touch.
A device that manipulates data according to a set of
objects that you can actually touch, like disks, disk
instructions.
drives, display screens, keyboards, printers, boards,
and chips
ADVANTAGES OF COMPUTER
A. Input Device is a peripheral device through
Speed
which data entered is transformed into machine
Reliability
Consistency
Ex. Keyboard, Mouse, Scanner, Fax Machine,
Storage
Pointing Device, USB & etc.
Communication
DISADVANTAGES OF COMPUTER

Violation of privacy
Impact on labor force
Health risks
Impact on environment

B. Memory
An area of a computer which stores data
Enables a computer to store, at least
temporarily, data and programs.
Main memory (RAM), electronic, fast, volatile,
expensive, holds data currently in use.
Types of Memory

COMPUTER SYSTEM
refers to all components that contribute in making the 1. RAM Random Access Memory (temporary)
computer a useful tool.
is the temporary memory where the computer read
combination of hardware, software & storage
data for the current processing task.

It holds the data that is being manipulated by the

DATA consists of raw facts and figures that are
CPU until it is moved to a permanent memory store
processed into information.
such as a disk.

Example: when you create a document (such as a

INFORMATION data that has been summarized for
letter), the document is stored in your computers
decision making.
RAM until you save it to disk.
TYPES OF COMPUTER
1

MICROCOMPUTER
(Portable
Computer
or 2. ROM Read Only Memory (Permanent)
Personal Computer)
the computer can read its contents but cannot write
the PC is the most common type of computer used
to the contents of memory.
in the office, and is also now widely used in many
homes
holds permanent information such as the software
that enables the components in your computer to
Examples: Desktop computers, video game consoles,
communicate with each other. It cannot usually be
laptop computers, tablet PCs,
deleted or overwritten.

2. MINICOMPUTER

C. CPU Central Processing Unit

lower to mainframe computer in terms of speed and

storage capacity

CPU is an acronym that stands for central

processing unit.

less expensive and some features of mainframes

will not be available in mini computer

responsible for performing all of the mathematical

calculations that are required for a computer to
function properly.

CPU as the "brains" of a computer.

3. MAIN FRAME

large and expensive computer capable of supporting

hundreds,
or
even
thousands,
of
users
simultaneously
often used by large corporate and government data
processing departments

Component of CPU:
a. CU Control Unit. It controls the flow of the
information
b. ALU Arithmetic Logic Unit. It performs all
mathematical and logical functions.
Standard Parts of System Unit
Power supply
Ports
Video card
Drive bays
Processor
Memory
Sound card

Programmers also conceive, design, and test logical

structures for solving problems by computer.
C. User / Operator user of the program.

3. SOFTWARE
collection of data
program install in the computer that tells the
hardware what to do
Programs and data that a computer uses

Kinds of Software Program

1. System Program it helps the computer perform
D. OUTPUT DEVICE is a device that receives and/or
essential operating tasks.
displays output from a computer
Ex. Monitor, Printer
ex. MS Windows, Visual Basic & etc.
2. PEOPLEWARE

refer to anything that has to do with the role of

people in the development or use of computer
software and hardware systems

Kinds of Peopleware:
A. System Analysts
responsible for researching, planning, coordinating
and recommending software and system choices to
meet an organization's business requirements
the one identifies problem and find solution to the
problem and designing the solution.
A systems analyst performs the following tasks:
Interact with the customers to know their
requirements
Interact with designers to convey the possible
interface of the software
Interact/guide the coders/developers to keep track of
system development
Perform system testing with sample/live data with
the help of testers
Implement the new system
Prepare High quality Documentation
B. Programmer

Computer programmers can write, test, debug, and

maintain the detailed instructions, called computer
programs, that computers must follow to perform their
functions.

2. Application Program a software that has been

developed to solved a particular problem, perform
useful work and provide entertainment.
ex. Word, excel, powerpoint, & etc.