DRUG STUDY

TRADE NAME GENERIC FREQUENCY CLASSIFICATION ACTION INDICATION CONTRAINDICATIO ADVERSE DRUG-DRUG DRUG-FOOD NURSING
NAME /ROUTE N EFFECTS INTERACTION INTERACTION RESPONSIBILIT
IES

Aldactone Spironolactone 100-200 mg/day Potassium-sparing Mild diuretic that Primary Acute renal Dizziness, 1. ACE inhibitors / Avoid 1. Take as
PO for edema; diuretic acts on the distal hyperaldosteroni insufficiency, headache, Significant potassium-rich directed with a
100-400mg/day PO tubule to inhibit sm, adjunctive progressive renal drowsiness, rash, hyperkalemia foods snack or meals
for sodium exchange for therapy in the failure, cramping, 2. General (hazardous to minimize GI
hyperaldosteronis potassium, resulting therapy in the hyperkalemia, and diarrhea, anesthetics / hyperkalemia): upset. Report if
m; 50-100 mg/day in increased treatment of anuria. Clients hyperkalemia, Additive Avocados, nausea, bloating,
PO for secretion of sodium edema receiving potassium hirsutism, hypotension bananas, anorexia,
hypertension and water associated with supplements, gynecomastia, 3. Oral broccoli, vomiting or
conservation of CHF, nephritic amiloride or deepening of the anticoagulants / cantaloupe, diarrhea persist.
Pediatric : potassium. An syndrome, triamterene. voice, irregular Inhibited by dried fruits, 2. Instruct client
3.3 mg/kg/day PO aldosterone hepatic cirrhosis, menses. Spironolactone grapefruit, lima not to
100mg/day PO antagonist. treatment of 4. Antihypertensives beans, nuts, drive/operate
b.i.d Manifests a slight hypokalemia or / Increase navy beans, machinery until
antihypertensive prevention of hypotensive effect oranges, drug effects are
effect. Interferes hypokalemia in of both agents, peaches, realized; may
with synthesis of patients at high Decrease dosage, potatoes, cause drowsiness
testosterone and risk if especially of prunes, or uneasy gait.
may increase hypokalemia ganglionic blockers, rhubarb, Sanka 3. Report if deep,
formation of occurs; essential by one-half coffee, rapid
estradiol from hypertension. 5. Captopril / sunflower respirations,
estrogen thus Increased risk of seeds, spinach, headaches or
leading to endocrine significant tomatoes, mental slowing
abnormalities. hyperkalemia watermelon occurs; may
6. Digoxin / Increase indicate
half-life of digoxin hyperchloremic
leading to metabolic
decreased acidosis.
clearance. 4. Remind client
Spironolactone may that intake of
decrease inotropic Spironolactone
effect of digoxin may cause
7. Other diuretics / breast swelling
Often given together and diminished
due to potassium- sex drive due to
sparing effects of reduction of
Spironolactone; testosterone
monitor closely for levels.
possible severe 5. Since the dug
hyponatremia is metabolized in
8. Triamterene / liver, report
Possible hazardous jaundice, tremors
hyperkalemia or mental
9. Lithium / confusion; may
Increased risk for develop hepatic
lithium toxicity r/t encephalopathy
 decreased renal with liver
clearance disease.
10. Norepinephrine /
Decreased NE effect
11. Salicylates /
Large doses may
decrease
Spironolactone
effect

DRUG STUDY

NURSING
TRADE NAME GENERIC NAME FREQUENCY CLASSIFICATION ACTION INDICATION CONTRAINDICATIO ADVERSE DRUG-DRUG RESPONSIBILITIES
/ROUTE N EFFECTS INTERACTION
Diamox Acetazolamide 500 mg IV repeated in Anticonvulsant, Sulfonamide 1. Adjunct in the Low serum sodium Weakness, 1. Amphetamine/ 1. Acetazolamide tablets
2-4 hours, then 250 Carbonic derivative possessing treatment of and potassium fatigue, rash, Increases may be crushed and
mg-1g/day in divided Anhydrase carbonic anhydrase edema due to CHF levels. Renal and urinary Amphetamine effect suspended in cherry,
doses q6-8h for Inhibitor inhibitor activity. As or drug-induced hepatic dysfunction. frequency, renal by increased renal chocolate, raspberry or
glaucoma; 8-30 an anticonvulsant, edema. Hyperchloremic calculi, bone tubular reabsorption other sweet syrup. Do
mg/kg/day in divided beneficial effects may 2. Absence (peptit acidosis, adrenal marrow 2. Cyclosporine / not use vehicles
doses for epilepsy be due to inhibition of mal) and insufficiency, suppression, Increased containing glycerin or
carbonic Anhydrase in unlocalized suprarenal gland weight loss cyclosporine levels alcohol. As an
the CNS, which seizures. failure, leading to possible alternative, 1 tablet may
increases carbonic 3. Open angle, hypersensitivity to nephrotoxicity and be submerged in 1 mL
dioxide tension secondary or thiazide diuretics, neurotoxicity of hot water and added
resulting in a acute-angle chronic use in 3. Diflunisal / to 10 mL of honey or
decreased neuronal closure glaucoma noncongestive Significant decrease in syrup.
conduction. Systemic when delay of angle-closure IOP with increased 2. Tolerance after
acidosis may also be surgery is desired glaucoma. side effects prolonged use may
involved. As a diuretic to lower IOP. 4. Ephedrine / necessitate dosage
the, the drug inhibits 4. Prophylaxis or Increased Ephedrine increase.
carbonic anhydrase in treatment of acute effect r/t increased 3. Do not administer the
the kidney, which mountain sickness renal tubular sustained-release
decreases formation in climbers reabsorption dosage form as an
of bicarbonate and attempting a rapid 5.Lithium carbonate / anticonvulsant; it should
hydrogen ions from ascent or in those Decreased Lithium be used only for
carbon dioxide, thus susceptible to effect r/t increased glaucoma and acute
reducing the mountain sickness renal excretion mountain sickness.
availability of these even with gradual 6. Methotrexate / 4. Taking drug with food
ions for active ascent. Decreased effects r/t may decrease GI
transport. Use as a increased renal upset/irritation.
diuretic is limited excretion 5. Assess drug effects
because the drug 7. Primidone / before undertaking
promotes metabolic Decreased effect r/t tasks that require
acidosis, which decreased GI mental alertness.
inhibits diuretic absorption 6. Increases voiding
activity. This may be 8. Salicylates / frequency, take early to
partially circumvented Accumulation and avoid interrupting sleep.
by giving toxicity of 7. Increase fluid intake
Acetazolamide on Acetazolamide to prevent urine
alternate days. Also (including CNS crystals/stone
reduces IOP. Absorbed depression and formation.
from the GIT and metabolic acidosis). 8. Report if nausea,
widely distributed Also acidosis due to dizziness, rapid weight
throughout the body, increased CNS gain, muscle weakness,
including the CNS. penetration of cramps, or any changes
Excreted unchanged Salicylates in the
in the urine. colour/consistency of
stools occur.